Vocabulary Cards C1
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C1 noun
defiance
Meaning
Open resistance or bold disobedience.
Example
The protest was an act of defiance against injustice.
C1 adjective
Defiant
Meaning
boldly resistant or challenging; disobedient
Example
The defiant student refused to follow the rules.
C1 noun
Deficiency
Meaning
a lack or shortage of something; inadequacy or insufficiency
Example
The doctor diagnosed a vitamin D deficiency in the patient's blood test.
C1 adjective
Deficient
Meaning
not having enough of a specified quality or ingredient; lacking or inadequate
Example
His diet was deficient in essential vitamins.
C1 verb
defile
Meaning
to pollute, corrupt, or make dirty
Example
The river was defiled by industrial waste.
C1 noun
deflation
Meaning
Reduction of the general level of prices in an economy.
Example
Deflation often leads to decreased consumer spending.
C1 verb
deflect
Meaning
to cause something to change direction; to avoid answering directly
Example
The shield deflected the incoming arrow.
C1 verb
deforest
Meaning
to clear an area of trees, usually on a large scale
Example
The region has been heavily deforested for agriculture.
C1 verb
deform
Meaning
to change the shape or form of something, especially in a way that makes it ugly or damaged; to distort
Example
The intense heat began to deform the plastic container.
C1 noun
Deformity
Meaning
a distorted or unnatural shape or form; physical malformation
Example
The accident caused a permanent deformity in his left hand.
C1 verb
defraud
Meaning
to illegally take money or valuables from someone by deception
Example
The company was accused of trying to defraud investors.
C1 adjective
deft
Meaning
Neatly skillful and quick in one's movements; dexterous and adroit.
Example
The artist's deft hands created a masterpiece.
C1 adjective
defunct
Meaning
No longer existing, operating, or functioning.
Example
The company became defunct after the financial crisis.
C1 verb
defuse
Meaning
To make a situation less dangerous, tense, or explosive; to remove a fuse from a bomb.
Example
The negotiator helped defuse the tense situation.
C1 verb/adjective
degenerate
Meaning
To decline or deteriorate in quality, character, or condition; or someone with low moral standards.
Example
The once thriving empire began to degenerate into chaos.
C1 noun
degeneration
Meaning
The process of decline or deterioration in structure or function.
Example
The degeneration of brain cells leads to cognitive decline.
C1 noun
degenerative diseases
Meaning
Medical conditions that involve the deterioration or progressive decline of tissues, organs, or functions
Example
Degenerative diseases are common in an aging population.
C1 noun
degradation
Meaning
The condition or process of degrading or being degraded.
Example
Soil degradation due to overuse is a growing issue.
C1 verb
degrade
Meaning
To lower in dignity, quality, or value; to treat with disrespect or to deteriorate.
Example
Harsh words can degrade a person's confidence.
C1 adjective
degraded
Meaning
Reduced in quality, dignity, or condition.
Example
The villagers were forced to live in degraded conditions.
C1 verb
dehydrate
Meaning
to remove water from something; to lose water or body fluids
Example
Running in the heat can quickly dehydrate you.
C1 noun
deity
Meaning
a god or goddess
Example
The temple is dedicated to a Hindu deity.
C1 noun
deliberation
Meaning
Long and careful consideration or discussion.
Example
The agreement was finalized after much deliberation.
C1 noun
deliberations
Meaning
Careful consideration and discussion before making decisions.
Example
Deliberations on sustainability continued for hours.