Vocabulary Cards C1
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C1 noun
wretchedness
Meaning
a state of misery, unhappiness, or poor condition
Example
The novel depicts the wretchedness of war victims.
C1 verb
wring
Meaning
to squeeze and twist something to force liquid out; to extract with effort
Example
She had to wring the towel after washing it.
C1 noun
writ
Meaning
A formal written order issued by a court.
Example
The judge issued a writ of habeas corpus.
C1 verb
writhe
Meaning
To twist or squirm in pain or discomfort.
Example
He writhed in pain after twisting his ankle.
C1 adjective
wry
Meaning
twisted or distorted in expression; showing dry, mocking humor
Example
He gave a wry smile after hearing the sarcastic remark.
C1 noun
xenophobe
Meaning
a person who dislikes or fears people from other countries or cultures
Example
The politician was criticized as a xenophobe due to his anti-immigrant policies.
C1 noun
xenophobia
Meaning
fear or hatred of foreigners, people from different cultures, or strangers
Example
Xenophobia can lead to discrimination and social division.
C1 adjective
xenophobic
Meaning
having or showing a dislike or fear of people from other countries
Example
The leader’s xenophobic comments sparked outrage across the country.
C1 noun
Yarn
Meaning
spun thread used for knitting, weaving, or sewing; a long or rambling story
Example
She bought colorful yarn for knitting a sweater.
C1 verb
yearn
Meaning
to have a deep longing or desire for something
Example
She yearned for her homeland after living abroad for years.
C1 noun
Yeast
Meaning
microorganisms used in baking and brewing to cause fermentation
Example
Add yeast to the flour to make the bread rise.
C1 noun
Yellow oleander
Meaning
a tropical flowering shrub with bright yellow flowers; also known as lucky nut
Example
The yellow oleander blooms throughout the year in warm climates.
C1 noun
yen
Meaning
A deep, strong desire or craving.
Example
She felt a strong yen to travel the world.
C1 noun
yield optimization
Meaning
The process of maximizing the productivity or efficiency of crop production through various agricultural techniques and practices.
Example
Yield optimization techniques can significantly improve crop production.
C1 noun
Yoke
Meaning
a wooden crosspiece that is fastened over the necks of two animals and attached to a plow or cart; a burden or oppressive situation
Example
The oxen were joined by a wooden yoke.
C1 verb
zag
Meaning
to make a sharp change in direction, especially in a zigzag pattern
Example
The rabbit zagged quickly to escape the fox.
C1 noun
Zany
Meaning
amusingly unconventional and idiosyncratic; a comical person; foolishly playful
Example
He has a zany sense of humor that makes everyone laugh.
C1 noun
zeal
Meaning
Great energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of a cause or objective; passion.
Example
She approached the project with great zeal and determination.
C1 adjective
zealous
Meaning
Having or showing great energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of a cause or objective; fervent.
Example
The zealous volunteers worked tirelessly for the cause.
C1 noun
zenith
Meaning
The time at which something is most powerful or successful; the highest point.
Example
Her career reached its zenith in the late 1990s.
C1 noun
Zest
Meaning
great enthusiasm and energy; excitement and vigor; the outer peel of a citrus fruit
Example
She approached the new job with tremendous zest.
C1 adjective
zesty
Meaning
Having a strong, pleasant, and somewhat spicy flavor; full of energy and enthusiasm.
Example
The dish had a zesty flavor that everyone loved.
C1 noun
Zinnia
Meaning
A colorful garden flower with daisy-like blooms, popular for its vibrant colors and long-lasting nature
Example
The garden was filled with bright zinnias in various colors.
C1 noun
Zodiac
Meaning
a belt of the heavens within which lie the paths of the sun, moon, and planets; the twelve astrological signs
Example
What is your zodiac sign?