Vocabulary Cards C1
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C1 noun
velocity
Meaning
Speed or acceleration, the rate of movement of any object or vehicle.
Example
High velocity trains reduce travel time significantly.
C1 adjective
velvety
Meaning
having a smooth, soft texture like velvet
Example
She spoke in a low, velvety voice.
C1 noun
vendetta
Meaning
a prolonged bitter quarrel or campaign of revenge
Example
The two families were caught in a bitter vendetta for generations.
C1 noun
veneer
Meaning
A thin decorative covering of fine wood applied to a coarser wood or other material; a superficially attractive appearance.
Example
The table was covered with a thin veneer of mahogany.
C1 adjective
Venerable
Meaning
deserving respect due to age, wisdom, or character; revered
Example
The venerable professor has taught at the university for fifty years.
C1 verb
venerate
Meaning
to regard with great respect; revere
Example
People venerate saints for their holiness.
C1 adjective
venerated
Meaning
respected and admired deeply
Example
The venerated professor was honored with an award.
C1 noun
veneration
Meaning
Great respect; reverence; the action of regarding with great respect or reverence.
Example
Many cultures show veneration for their ancestors.
C1 noun
Vengeance
Meaning
punishment inflicted or retribution exacted for an injury or wrong; revenge
Example
He swore to seek vengeance against those who wronged him.
C1 adjective
Vengeful
Meaning
seeking to harm someone in return for a perceived injury; vindictive
Example
She felt vengeful after her friend betrayed her trust.
C1 noun
Venison
Meaning
meat from a deer used as food
Example
The restaurant serves delicious venison steaks.
C1 noun
Venom
Meaning
a poisonous substance secreted by animals such as snakes; extreme malice and bitterness
Example
The snake's venom can be deadly if not treated quickly.
C1 adjective
Venomous
Meaning
secreting venom; full of malice or spite; extremely hostile
Example
The venomous snake struck quickly at its prey.
C1 adjective
venous
Meaning
relating to the veins that carry blood to the heart
Example
The doctor examined the patient’s venous circulation.
C1 noun
veracity
Meaning
Conformity to facts; accuracy and truthfulness.
Example
The journalist checked the veracity of the report.
C1 noun
verbalization
Meaning
The action of expressing something in words.
Example
The verbalization of his thoughts was clear and direct.
C1 adverb/adjective
verbatim
Meaning
In exactly the same words as were used originally; word for word repetition.
Example
She repeated his instructions verbatim to avoid errors.
C1 adjective
verbose
Meaning
Using or expressed in more words than are needed; wordy.
Example
His verbose explanation confused the audience instead of clarifying the issue.
C1 adjective
veritable
Meaning
used to emphasize that something is genuine or true
Example
The house was a veritable palace compared to ours.
C1 noun
vermin
Meaning
Small harmful animals or insects that are difficult to control and carry disease.
Example
The house was infested with vermin, requiring immediate action.
C1 noun
vernacular
Meaning
the language or dialect spoken by ordinary people in a particular region
Example
He gave his speech in the local vernacular so everyone could understand.
C1 noun
versatility
Meaning
Ability to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities; having many different skills.
Example
His versatility made him successful in multiple fields.
C1 noun
vertex
Meaning
The highest point; the top or the apex.
Example
The climber reached the vertex of the mountain.
C1 noun
vertical farming
Meaning
The practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often incorporating controlled-environment agriculture.
Example
Vertical farming ensures maximum space utilization in urban areas.