Vocabulary Cards C1
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C1 noun
resurgence
Meaning
An increase or revival after a period of little activity, popularity, or occurrence.
Example
The city saw a resurgence in tourism after the pandemic.
C1 adjective
resurgent
Meaning
Becoming strong, active, or popular again.
Example
The resurgent economy gave hope to many businesses.
C1 verb
resurrect
Meaning
To bring back to life or revive something from the past.
Example
The director decided to resurrect the old play for a new audience.
C1 verb
resuscitate
Meaning
to revive someone from unconsciousness or apparent death
Example
The doctors tried to resuscitate the patient after the heart attack.
C1 noun
retainer
Meaning
a fee paid in advance to secure someone's services, or a device that holds something in place
Example
The lawyer asked for a retainer before taking the case.
C1 verb
retaliate
Meaning
to make an attack in return for a similar attack
Example
The army retaliated after the enemy attack.
C1 noun
Retaliation
Meaning
the action of returning a military attack; counterattack; revenge for an injury or wrong
Example
The country threatened retaliation against any act of aggression.
C1 adjective
retaliatory
Meaning
Taking action in response to another's action, characterized as punitive, revengeful, or counteractive.
Example
The country imposed retaliatory tariffs in response to trade sanctions.
C1 verb
retard
Meaning
to delay or slow down the progress of something
Example
Lack of funds may retard the development of the project.
C1 noun
reticence
Meaning
the quality of being reserved or unwilling to speak freely
Example
His reticence made it difficult to know what he was thinking.
C1 adjective
reticent
Meaning
not revealing one's thoughts or feelings readily; reserved
Example
She was reticent about her personal life.
C1 adjective
retiring
Meaning
Shy and reserved; avoiding social contact.
Example
She is a quiet, retiring woman who avoids attention.
C1 verb
retort
Meaning
To reply quickly or sharply, often in a witty or angry manner.
Example
He quickly retorted that he was not to blame.
C1 verb
retouch
Meaning
To improve or repair a picture, photograph, or image by making small changes.
Example
The photographer retouched the image to remove blemishes.
C1 verb
retrace
Meaning
to go back over a path or route; to recall and repeat steps taken earlier
Example
She retraced her steps to find her lost keys.
C1 verb
retract
Meaning
to withdraw a statement, promise, or part of the body; to pull back
Example
The company retracted its earlier statement after realizing the error.
C1 noun
retraction
Meaning
the act of taking back a statement, promise, or belief
Example
The newspaper issued a retraction of the false report.
C1 noun
retribution
Meaning
punishment inflicted as vengeance for a wrong or crime
Example
The villagers demanded retribution for the crime committed.
C1 noun
retrieval
Meaning
The process of getting something back, especially from storage or memory.
Example
The brain's retrieval system helps recall past experiences.
C1 adjective
retroactive
Meaning
applying to a period before it was enacted or established
Example
The new law was made retroactive to cover past cases.
C1 noun
retrofitting
Meaning
The addition of new technology or features to older systems.
Example
The building underwent retrofitting to meet new safety standards.
C1 adjective
retrograde
Meaning
moving backward or returning to a worse condition
Example
The policy was seen as a retrograde step for human rights.
C1 noun
retrospect
Meaning
the act of looking back on or reviewing past events
Example
In retrospect, the decision seemed unwise.
C1 adjective
Retrospective
Meaning
looking back on or dealing with past events or situations
Example
The museum held a retrospective exhibition of the artist's work.