C1 verb /ˈtɑːtər/

totter

Meaning

To move unsteadily, as if about to fall; to be on the point of collapse.

Example

The old man tottered across the street with a cane.

C1 noun /ˈtrɪnɪti/

trinity

Meaning

a group of three closely related things; in Christianity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit

Example

The museum’s exhibit focused on a trinity of themes: memory, identity, and power.

C1 adjective /θiːˈmætɪk/

thematic

Meaning

Relating to or based on a theme.

Example

The book is organized into thematic chapters.

C1 adjective /traɪt/

trite

Meaning

Overused and lacking originality.

Example

The speech was full of trite phrases.

C1 adjective /ˈtɔːrtʃərəs/

torturous

Meaning

Extremely painful or causing great suffering; relating to or involving torture.

Example

The journey through the desert was long and torturous.

C1 noun /ˈtɪrəni/

tyranny

Meaning

Cruel and oppressive government or rule by a tyrant.

Example

The people revolted against the tyranny of their ruler.

C1 adjective /ˈtɒp.məʊst/

Topmost

Meaning

highest in position or rank

Example

The flag was placed on the topmost branch of the tree.

C1 adjective /ˈtɛlˌteɪl/

telltale

Meaning

Revealing something that is usually hidden; giving away a secret or clue.

Example

The telltale signs of fatigue were visible on his face.

C1 adjective /ˈtɒrɪd/

torrid

Meaning

Very hot and dry; full of strong emotions or passion.

Example

The desert heat was torrid during the day.

C1 verb /trænˈskraɪb/

transcribe

Meaning

to make a written copy of spoken words or notes

Example

The secretary transcribed the meeting minutes.

C1 noun/verb /ˈtʌtʃ.ʌp/

touch-up

Meaning

Small corrections or improvements made to something.

Example

The artist gave a quick touch-up to the painting.

C1 noun /ˈtæpəstri/

tapestry

Meaning

A piece of thick textile fabric with pictures or designs woven into it, often hung on walls.

Example

The museum displayed an ancient tapestry from the 15th century.

C1 noun /ˌtɒləˈreɪʃən/

toleration

Meaning

The practice of allowing something that one does not necessarily agree with.

Example

The government promoted religious toleration.

C1 noun ˈtɑksɪk ɪˈmɪʃənz

toxic emissions

Meaning

Harmful or poisonous substances released into the environment, especially the atmosphere.

Example

Toxic emissions from vehicles pollute the atmosphere.

C1 adverb /ˌðeərəˈpɒn/

Thereupon

Meaning

immediately after that; following that event

Example

He finished his speech and thereupon left the stage.

C1 noun /təˈpɒɡrəfi/

topography

Meaning

the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area

Example

The topography of the region made construction very challenging.

C1 noun ˌtrɪbjʊˈleɪʃən

tribulation

Meaning

A difficult time or suffering experience

Example

He endured many tribulations in his early years.

C1 noun trænˈsɛndəns

transcendence

Meaning

Existence or experience beyond the normal or physical level.

Example

The artist's work was a symbol of transcendence in creativity.

C1 adjective /ˈtɛsti/

testy

Meaning

Easily irritated or annoyed.

Example

He became testy when asked the same question repeatedly.

C1 noun /ˈtɒpˌsɔɪl/

topsoil

Meaning

the top layer of soil, which is rich in organic matter and nutrients

Example

Farmers rely on healthy topsoil for good crop yields.

C1 adjective /trænsˈluːsənt/

translucent

Meaning

allowing light to pass through, but not clearly enough to see detailed images

Example

She placed the flower in a translucent vase.

C1 adjective /ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl/

typographical

Meaning

relating to the style, arrangement, or appearance of printed text

Example

There was a typographical error in the book.

C1 noun /ˈtɛmptər/

tempter

Meaning

a person or thing that entices someone into doing something wrong

Example

The tempter whispered false promises into his ear.

C1 noun ˈtær.ɪf

tariff

Meaning

A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports.

Example

The government imposed high tariffs on luxury goods.

C1 noun /trænsˈɡrɛʃən/

transgression

Meaning

an act that goes against a law, rule, or code of conduct; a violation or sin

Example

The court forgave his first transgression but warned him not to repeat it.

C1 noun /ˈtrɪŋkɪt/

trinket

Meaning

a small ornament or piece of jewelry that is not expensive

Example

She bought a little trinket from the beach market as a souvenir.

C1 noun /ˈtæl.i/

Tally

Meaning

a count or record of a number or amount; a score or total

Example

Keep a tally of how many books you read this month.

C1 noun /ˈtʌɡboʊt/

tugboat

Meaning

a small, powerful boat used for towing or pushing ships

Example

The tugboat guided the massive ship safely into the harbor.

C1 verb /ˈtrɪkl̩/

trickle

Meaning

To flow or fall in a small, slow stream or drops.

Example

Water began to trickle down the wall after the heavy rain.

C1 adjective /ˈtɛmpərd/

tempered

Meaning

having a specified temper or disposition; strengthened or moderated.

Example

She gave a tempered response to the criticism.

C1 verb /ˈtæn.tə.laɪz/

tantalize

Meaning

To tease or torment someone with the promise of something desirable but unattainable.

Example

The aroma of the bakery tantalized the hungry children.

C1 noun/verb /θrɒŋ/

throng

Meaning

A large, densely packed crowd of people or animals; to fill or be present in a place in large numbers.

Example

Tourists thronged the streets during the festival.

C1 verb /trəˈvɜːrs/

traverse

Meaning

To travel across or through something.

Example

They traversed the desert on camels.

C1 noun /twɪndʒ/

twinge

Meaning

a sudden, sharp pain or an emotional pang

Example

He felt a twinge of guilt after lying to his friend.

C1 verb /θrɒb/

throb

Meaning

to beat or pulse strongly, often with pain

Example

His head began to throb after the long day.

C1 verb /ˈθiːəraɪz/

theorize

Meaning

To form a theory or set of ideas to explain something.

Example

Scientists often theorize about the origins of the universe.

C1 noun ˌtoʊ.kə.nɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

tokenization

Meaning

The process of breaking text into smaller units like words, phrases, or symbols for analysis.

Example

NLP uses tokenization to break text into smaller units.

C1 noun, verb /tɪndʒ/

tinge

Meaning

a slight added color, flavor, or feeling; to add a slight amount of color or quality

Example

Her voice was tinged with sadness.

C1 noun /ˌtɛstɪˈməʊnɪəlz/

testimonials

Meaning

Written or spoken statements of praise or recommendation from clients or customers.

Example

Positive testimonials can enhance a company's reputation.

C1 noun /ˌtrænsˈpɪəreɪʃən/

transpiration

Meaning

The process by which plants lose water through their leaves, which plays a crucial role in plant cooling, nutrient transport, and the water cycle.

Example

Transpiration plays a key role in the water cycle and plant growth.

C1 adverb /ˌðɛrəˈbaʊt/

thereabout

Meaning

Approximately or around that place, amount, or time.

Example

The repairs will cost five hundred dollars or thereabout.

C1 adjective /ˈθrɪfti/

thrifty

Meaning

using money and resources carefully and not wastefully

Example

She is very thrifty and always saves money for the future.

C1 adverb /ˌðɛərˈɪn/

Therein

Meaning

in that place; in that respect

Example

The box contains many treasures, and therein lies its value.

C1 adjective /ˈtrænziənt/

Transient

Meaning

lasting for only a short time; temporary

Example

The beauty of spring flowers is transient.

C1 adjective /ˈtæk.taɪl/

tactile

Meaning

Connected with the sense of touch; perceptible by touch or giving a sensation when touched.

Example

The tactile experience of the fabric was soft and smooth.

C1 adjective /tɔːt/

taut

Meaning

stretched or pulled tight; tense

Example

The rope was pulled taut between the two poles.

C1 noun /ˈtuːsəm/

twosome

Meaning

A pair of people considered together, often in a romantic or competitive context.

Example

They entered the dance competition as a twosome.

C1 adverb /ˌðɛərˈtu/

Thereto

Meaning

to that; in addition to that

Example

The house and the garden attached thereto were sold.

C1 noun /ˈtem.pɪst/

Tempest

Meaning

a violent storm with strong winds; a state of great disturbance or tumult

Example

The sailors struggled to navigate through the fierce tempest.

C1 noun /tɪf/

tiff

Meaning

a small or petty quarrel or argument

Example

They had a little tiff over what movie to watch.

C1 noun /ˈtwɪstər/

twister

Meaning

A tornado or something that twists; also refers to a challenging tongue twister.

Example

The twister destroyed several houses in the village.

C1 adjective /tɜːrs/

terse

Meaning

brief and to the point; sparing in the use of words

Example

His reply was terse and ended the conversation quickly.

C1 verb /ˈtɒpl/

topple

Meaning

to fall or cause to fall over; to overthrow

Example

The earthquake caused the old building to topple.

C1 noun /ˈtriːzən/

Treason

Meaning

the crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill or overthrow the sovereign or government

Example

He was accused of treason against the state.

C1 adjective /ˈtɪərfəl/

Tearful

Meaning

expressing or showing sadness and sorrow; inclined to weep

Example

She gave a tearful goodbye to her friends at the airport.

C1 verb/noun /ˈθrɒt.əl/

throttle

Meaning

To choke or strangle; to control the flow of fuel or power in an engine.

Example

The driver throttled the engine to slow down the car.

C1 noun /ˈtɛnər/

tenor

Meaning

the general meaning, drift, or character of something; a male singing voice between baritone and alto

Example

The overall tenor of his speech was hopeful and reassuring.

C1 adjective /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

turbulent

Meaning

Characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion; not stable or calm.

Example

The country went through a turbulent period of political change.

C1 verb /ˈtɪpɪfaɪ/

typify

Meaning

to represent or be a typical example of something

Example

His leadership style typifies the new corporate culture.

C1 adjective /ˈtɛmpərəl/

temporal

Meaning

Relating to worldly affairs or to time rather than spiritual matters.

Example

The monk gave up his temporal possessions to live a simple life.

C1 noun /təˈnæs.ə.ti/

tenacity

Meaning

Determination, persistence, and the quality of not giving up

Example

His tenacity in solving problems led to his success.

C1 noun /təˈbuː/

taboo

Meaning

a social or cultural prohibition against certain practices or discussions

Example

Talking about money is considered a taboo in some cultures.

C1 verb, noun /træmp/

tramp

Meaning

to walk heavily or noisily; a person who travels from place to place on foot, often homeless

Example

They tramped through the forest in heavy boots.

C1 noun /təˈlɛpəθi/

telepathy

Meaning

the supposed communication of thoughts or ideas by means other than the known senses

Example

The twins claimed to share telepathy with each other.

C1 noun /ˈθʌroʊˌfɛr/

thoroughfare

Meaning

a main road or public highway that goes through a place

Example

The new mall is located along the main thoroughfare.

C1 adjective /ˈtʌf.tɪd/

Tufted

Meaning

having a tuft or tufts; furnished with a tuft or clump of threads, hairs, or other material

Example

The tufted sofa looked elegant in the living room.

C1 noun /ˈtiːdiəm/

tedium

Meaning

the state of being tedious; monotony or boredom

Example

The tedium of long meetings often drains motivation.

C1 adjective /ˈten.tə.tɪv/

Tentative

Meaning

not certain or fixed; provisional; hesitant or unsure

Example

We made tentative plans to meet next week.

C1 noun /traɪˈbjuːnəl/

tribunal

Meaning

a court of justice or body established to settle disputes

Example

The case was heard in an international tribunal.

C1 adjective /ˈtɜːrnkiː/

turnkey

Meaning

ready for immediate use; a complete product or solution

Example

The company provides turnkey solutions for small businesses.

C1 adjective /ˈtɪp.tɒp/

Tiptop

Meaning

of the highest quality; excellent; in perfect condition

Example

The car is in tiptop condition.

C1 noun trəˈdʒek.tər.i

trajectory

Meaning

The path followed by a projectile flying or an object moving under the action of given forces.

Example

The satellite followed its intended trajectory.

C1 adverb /ˌðɛərˈʌv/

Thereof

Meaning

of that; from that

Example

The contract and all amendments thereof must be signed.

C1 verb /ˈtrɛspəs/

trespass

Meaning

to enter someone's land or property without permission

Example

He was fined for trespassing on private land.

C1 noun /ˌtrɛpɪˈdeɪʃən/

trepidation

Meaning

a feeling of fear or anxiety about something that may happen

Example

She opened the letter with some trepidation.

C1 noun /ˈtrɛmər/

tremor

Meaning

a slight shaking movement in a person’s body or in the ground

Example

A small tremor was felt before the earthquake.

C1 adjective /ˈtæn.tə.laɪ.zɪŋ/

Tantalizing

Meaning

tempting and attractive but out of reach

Example

The tantalizing aroma of fresh bread filled the bakery.

C1 adjective /ˈtraɪflɪŋ/

Trifling

Meaning

of little importance; trivial; insignificant

Example

Don't worry about such trifling matters.

C1 noun /ˈtæntrəm/

tantrum

Meaning

An uncontrolled outburst of anger and frustration, typically in a young child.

Example

The child threw a tantrum when he didn’t get the toy.

C1 adjective /ˈtɪpsi/

tipsy

Meaning

slightly drunk

Example

She felt tipsy after just one glass of wine.

C1 verb /trʌdʒ/

trudge

Meaning

To walk slowly and with heavy steps, typically because of exhaustion or harsh conditions.

Example

They had to trudge through the snow to reach the village.

C1 adjective /ˈtæti/

tatty

Meaning

Worn out, shabby, or in poor condition.

Example

The sofa looked old and tatty after years of use.

C1 noun /ˈtɜːrmɪnəs/

terminus

Meaning

the final point or end of something, especially the final station on a railway line

Example

The train finally arrived at the terminus after a long journey.

C1 adjective /ˈtɔːrtʃuəs/

tortuous

Meaning

Full of twists and turns; excessively complex or complicated.

Example

The tortuous mountain road made driving very difficult.

C1 adjective /ˌtræn.zətˈlæn.tɪk/

transatlantic

Meaning

crossing or spanning the Atlantic Ocean

Example

They took a transatlantic flight from New York to London.

C1 verb /ˈtæmpər/

tamper

Meaning

To interfere with something in a harmful, unauthorized, or improper way.

Example

The evidence was tampered with before the trial.

C1 noun /ˈtrænsfərəns/

transference

Meaning

The act of moving something from one place, person, or situation to another.

Example

The transference of knowledge is essential in education.

C1 verb /ˈteɪpər/

taper

Meaning

To gradually decrease in width, thickness, or intensity.

Example

The road tapers off as it reaches the mountains.

C1 noun /ˈten.jər/

Tenure

Meaning

the period of time during which someone holds an office or position

Example

During his tenure as CEO, the company expanded globally.

C1 verb /ˈtræŋ.kwɪ.laɪz/

tranquilize

Meaning

to make someone or something calm or less anxious, often by using drugs

Example

The veterinarian had to tranquilize the tiger before moving it.

C1 noun /tiː ˈstreɪnər/

Tea-strainer

Meaning

a small perforated device used to strain tea leaves from brewed tea

Example

I always use a tea-strainer when pouring tea into cups.

C1 verb trænˈsɛnd

transcend

Meaning

To go beyond the limits of something; to surpass or exceed

Example

His effort to transcend traditional methods was commendable.

C1 noun /ˈtrɛtʃəri/

treachery

Meaning

Betrayal of trust; deceptive action or nature.

Example

His treachery was revealed when he sided with the enemy.

C1 adjective /ˈtɛmpərət/

temperate

Meaning

showing moderation or self-restraint; also describing mild climate.

Example

He is known for his temperate behavior even in stressful situations.

C1 adjective /ˈtrɛtʃərəs/

treacherous

Meaning

Dangerously unstable or deceptive; likely to betray trust.

Example

The treacherous road made driving difficult.

C1 noun /ˈtaɪ.ɡrəs/

Tigress

Meaning

an adult female tiger

Example

The powerful tigress hunted silently through the jungle.

C1 noun /ˈtɪt.bɪt/

Titbit

Meaning

a small piece of tasty food; a small interesting piece of information

Example

She served delicious titbits at the party.

C1 verb /tɔːnt/

taunt

Meaning

to provoke or challenge someone with insulting remarks

Example

The bully tried to taunt him with cruel words.

C1 noun /trentʃ/

Trench

Meaning

a long, narrow ditch; a deep furrow in the ground, especially one used for military defense

Example

The soldiers dug a trench for protection during the battle.

C1 adjective /ˈtæntəmaʊnt/

tantamount

Meaning

Equivalent in seriousness or effect; virtually the same as.

Example

His refusal to speak was tantamount to an admission of guilt.

C1 adjective /təˈrɛstriəl/

terrestrial

Meaning

Relating to the Earth or land as opposed to the sea or air; living or growing on land.

Example

Humans are terrestrial beings who live on land.

C1 verb /ˈtræmpəl/

trample

Meaning

to tread heavily on something and cause damage or injury

Example

The crowd trampled the flowers in the park.

C1 noun /trʌsˈtiː/

trustee

Meaning

a person who holds or manages property or assets for the benefit of others

Example

She was appointed as the trustee of the family estate.

C1 adjective /ˌθiːəˈlɒdʒɪkl/

theological

Meaning

Relating to the study of theology or religious belief.

Example

He wrote a theological paper on the concept of divine justice.

C1 noun /ˈtaɪ.rənt/

Tyrant

Meaning

a cruel and oppressive ruler; a person who exercises power in a harsh manner

Example

The people rebelled against the cruel tyrant.

C1 adjective /trænsˈfɜːrəbəl/

Transferable

Meaning

able to be moved from one place to another; able to be given to someone else

Example

The skills you learn here are transferable to other jobs.

C1 adjective ˈtæktɪkəl

tactical

Meaning

Relating to or constituting actions carefully planned to gain a specific military or political end.

Example

Tactical thinking is crucial in business negotiations.

C1 noun /ˈtæbloʊ/

tableau

Meaning

a striking or artistic scene or arrangement of people or objects, often presented on stage or in art

Example

The actors froze in a tableau that captured the final moment of the play.

C1 noun ˌtraɪ.bjuˈnæl əv ˈdʒʌs.tɪs

tribunal of justice

Meaning

A court of justice or judicial body that settles disputes or tries offenses.

Example

The Tribunal of Justice started the hearings promptly.

C1 noun /ˈtrɛʒərər/

treasurer

Meaning

a person responsible for managing the financial affairs of an organization

Example

The treasurer presented the annual financial report.

C1 noun /θiˈɒlədʒi/

theology

Meaning

The study of the nature of God and religious beliefs.

Example

She is pursuing a degree in theology at the university.

C1 adjective /tɪˈrænɪkəl/

tyrannical

Meaning

exercising power in a cruel or arbitrary way

Example

The tyrannical ruler silenced all opposition.

C1 adjective /ˈtep.ɪd/

Tepid

Meaning

only slightly warm; lukewarm; showing little enthusiasm

Example

The tea was tepid and unappetizing.

C1 noun /taɪˈpɒɡrəfi/

typography

Meaning

the art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible and visually appealing

Example

Good typography improves the readability of a website.

C1 adverb /ˈðɛərfɔːr/

therefor

Meaning

For that or for it.

Example

He received payment and gave a receipt therefor.

C1 verb /trænˈzækt/

transact

Meaning

to conduct or carry out business, a deal, or activity

Example

Customers can transact their banking online.

C1 adjective /ˈtɪklɪʃ/

ticklish

Meaning

easily made to laugh by being touched lightly; easily upset or sensitive

Example

She is very ticklish and bursts into laughter when touched on her feet.

C1 noun /ˈtæn.ər/

tanner

Meaning

A person whose job is to tan animal hides to make leather.

Example

The tanner worked long hours to produce fine leather.

C1 adjective /ˈtɛnəbl/

tenable

Meaning

able to be defended or maintained against attack or objection

Example

His argument was strong and tenable in court.

C1 noun /taɪˈreɪd/

tirade

Meaning

a long, angry, or critical speech

Example

The manager launched into a tirade about poor performance.

C1 adjective /ˌtræn.senˈdɛn.təl/

transcendental

Meaning

relating to the spiritual or non-physical realm; surpassing ordinary experience

Example

Meditation can lead to transcendental experiences.