B2 noun
B2 noun /prəˈtɛktər/
protector
Meaning
a person or thing that protects someone or something
Example
The dog was seen as the family's protector.
B2 noun /ˌpiːdiəˈtrɪʃən/
pediatrician
Meaning
a doctor who specializes in the medical care of children
Example
The pediatrician examined the child carefully.
B2 noun prɪˈsɪʒ.ən
precision
Meaning
The quality of being exact and accurate.
Example
High precision instruments are used in surgery.
B2 verb /ˈpɒndər/
ponder
Meaning
to think about something carefully
Example
She pondered over the meaning of the poem.
B2 noun fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nə
phenomena
Meaning
Facts or situations that are observed to exist or happen, especially ones whose cause or explanation is in question.
Example
Phenomena like floods disrupt agricultural systems.
B2 noun /prɪˈdɪk.ʃən/
Prediction
Meaning
a statement about what will happen in the future; a forecast
Example
The weather prediction says it will rain tomorrow.
B2 noun ˈpærəˌlɛlz
parallels
Meaning
Similarities or comparisons between two different things or situations
Example
There are parallels between Japan's aging issues and Bangladesh's situation.
B2 adjective /ˈprɑːspərəs/
Prosperous
Meaning
successful in material terms; flourishing financially
Example
The company became very prosperous after launching their new product.
B2 verb prəˈlɒŋ
prolong
Meaning
To extend the duration of something; to make something last longer.
Example
A healthy diet helps prolong life expectancy.
B2 noun /ˈpetəl/
Petal
Meaning
One of the colored segments of a flower that forms the corolla
Example
Each petal of the daisy was white with a yellow center.
B2 noun ˌfoʊ.t̬oʊˈsɪn.θə.sɪs
photosynthesis
Meaning
The process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
Example
Plants depend on photosynthesis for survival.
B2 adjective prɪˈlɪm.ɪ.nər.i
preliminary
Meaning
Denoting an action or event preceding or done in preparation for something fuller or more important.
Example
Preliminary steps are crucial before the main project.
B2 noun /ˈpæd.i/
Paddy
Meaning
rice in its natural state before processing; a field where rice is grown
Example
The farmers worked hard in the paddy fields during harvest season.
B2 verb /ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr/
persevere
Meaning
to continue trying to achieve something despite difficulty or delay
Example
He persevered through many failures before succeeding.
B2 noun /ˈpes.ə.mɪst/
Pessimist
Meaning
a person who tends to see the worst aspect of things or believes that the worst will happen; someone who lacks hope or confidence in the future
Example
Being a pessimist, he always expected the worst outcome.
B2 noun /ˈpɪlər/
pillar
Meaning
a strong vertical support or mainstay of a structure or system
Example
The ancient temple was supported by massive stone pillars.
B2 adjective /ˈpen.dɪŋ/
Pending
Meaning
awaiting; not yet decided or settled; in the process of being completed
Example
The application is still pending approval.
B2 verb prəˈlɔŋd
prolonged
Meaning
Extended in duration; made to last longer than usual.
Example
Modern medicine has prolonged life expectancy.
B2 verb /pərˈsɪst/
persist
Meaning
to continue firmly in an action or opinion despite difficulty or opposition
Example
She decided to persist in her efforts to learn French.
B2 adjective /ˌpɑːrləˈmɛntri/
parliamentary
Meaning
relating to a parliament or its members; relating to a system of government with parliamentary authority
Example
The country follows a parliamentary form of government.
B2 noun /pʌls/
Pulse
Meaning
edible seeds of leguminous plants such as lentils, beans, and peas
Example
Pulses are an excellent source of protein for vegetarians.
B2 noun /ˈprɑsɪˌkjuːtər/
prosecutor
Meaning
a lawyer who represents the government in criminal cases
Example
The prosecutor argued that the defendant was guilty of the crime.
B2 noun pərˈsɛpʃən
perception
Meaning
The ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses
Example
Our perception of the situation was shaped by our prior experiences.
B2 noun/verb /ˈpriːfɪks/
prefix
Meaning
a word, letter, or number placed before another; as a verb, to add something in front of something else
Example
Developers often prefix variables with an underscore.
B2 noun /pəˈzeʃ.ən/
Possession
Meaning
something that belongs to someone; the state of having or owning something
Example
The house has been in their family's possession for generations.
B2 adjective /ˈpæsɪv/
passive
Meaning
not actively responding or participating; in grammar, denoting the voice in which the subject undergoes the action
Example
Instead of taking charge, he remained passive during the meeting.
B2 noun prɛsˈtiːʒ
prestige
Meaning
Widespread respect and admiration felt for someone or something on the basis of a perception of their achievements or quality.
Example
The university has gained international prestige for its research.
B2 noun, adjective /ˌpəʊstˈɡrædʒuət/
postgraduate
Meaning
A student who has completed a first degree and is studying for a further degree.
Example
She is doing postgraduate research in physics.
B2 noun /plæˈtoʊ/
plateau
Meaning
an elevated flat area of land or a period of little change
Example
After months of growth, sales reached a plateau.
B2 adjective /pəˈzes.ɪv/
Possessive
Meaning
showing a desire to own or control something; unwilling to share; jealously protective
Example
He is very possessive about his car.
B2 noun /ˈpɒm.ɪˌɡræn.ɪt/
Pomegranate
Meaning
a round fruit with thick red skin containing many small red seeds with juice
Example
The pomegranate seeds were sweet and refreshing.
B2 noun /prəˈfɪʃənsi/
proficiency
Meaning
Competency or skill; expertise.
Example
His proficiency in multiple languages is remarkable.
B2 noun /paʊtʃ/
pouch
Meaning
a small bag or pocket, often used to carry small items
Example
She kept her coins in a small leather pouch.
B2 adjective /ˈpɑːr.ʃəl/
Partial
Meaning
incomplete; showing bias or prejudice
Example
The judge gave a partial decision in favor of the defendant.
B2 noun /ˈpleɪsmənt/
placement
Meaning
the act of putting something or someone in a particular position or job
Example
The company arranged job placement for the graduates.
B2 noun /ˈpen.ʃən/
Pension
Meaning
a regular payment made to someone who is no longer working because of age or disability
Example
After retirement, he receives a monthly pension from the company.
B2 noun /ˈpɛzənt/
peasant
Meaning
a poor farmer or agricultural laborer who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation
Example
The peasant worked hard in the fields from dawn to dusk.
B2 adjective /ˈprɒb.ə.bəl/
Probable
Meaning
likely to happen; expected; plausible
Example
It is probable that it will rain tomorrow according to the weather forecast.
B2 noun /ˈpɪk.səl/
pixel
Meaning
the smallest unit of a digital image or display
Example
The image is blurry because some pixels are missing.
B2 verb /piːp/
peep
Meaning
to look quickly or secretly; to make a short high sound
Example
The child tried to peep through the keyhole.
B2 noun prəˈvɪʒ.ənz
provisions
Meaning
A condition or requirement in a legal document; clauses or stipulations.
Example
Provisions must align with public aspirations.
B2 noun /saɪˈkaɪətrɪst/
psychiatrist
Meaning
a medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness
Example
The psychiatrist prescribed medication for the patient’s anxiety.
B2 noun /prəˈvɪʒ.ən/
Provision
Meaning
supplies of food and other necessary things; arrangement or preparation
Example
The government made provision for emergency supplies during the flood.
B2 noun /ˈpælət/
palette
Meaning
a thin board or surface on which an artist sets and mixes colors; also a range of colors used in art or design
Example
The artist mixed vibrant shades on her palette before starting the painting.
B2 adjective ˌpriːhɪˈstɒrɪk
prehistoric
Meaning
Belonging to the time before written records.
Example
The prehistoric era was marked by the rise of early humans.
B2 verb /pʌmp/
pump
Meaning
to force liquid or gas to move in a particular direction using a device
Example
They pumped water from the well into the tank.
B2 verb /pəˈluːt/
pollute
Meaning
to make air, water, or land dirty and harmful to people, animals, and plants
Example
Factories pollute the environment with toxic chemicals.
B2 adjective ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv
proactive
Meaning
Taking action by causing change and not only reacting to change when it happens.
Example
Proactive strategies are needed to combat scarcity.
B2 noun /piːk/
Peak
Meaning
the highest point of a mountain or hill; the maximum level or intensity
Example
The climbers reached the peak of Mount Everest.
B2 noun /ˈpɛbl/
pebble
Meaning
a small smooth stone found on beaches or rivers
Example
He threw a pebble into the pond and watched the ripples.
B2 noun /pərˈsɪstəns/
persistence
Meaning
the quality of continuing steadily despite problems or difficulties
Example
His persistence finally paid off when he got the job.
B2 noun ˌpʌŋkˈtʃʊəlɪti
punctuality
Meaning
The quality of being on time; the habit of arriving or doing things at the agreed or proper time.
Example
Punctuality is a valued trait in professional settings.
B2 noun /prəˈtɛstər/
protester
Meaning
a person who takes part in a protest or demonstration
Example
The protester spoke passionately about the cause.
B2 noun ˌprez.əˈveɪ.ʃən
preservation
Meaning
The action of maintaining something in its original or existing state; protection from harm or damage.
Example
Proper preservation extends the lifespan of machinery.
B2 noun/verb /pɜːrk/
perk
Meaning
A benefit or advantage associated with a job; or to become more lively or cheerful.
Example
One of the perks of working here is free lunch every Friday.
B2 noun /ˈprɛdətər/
predator
Meaning
An animal that hunts and kills other animals for food.
Example
Lions are powerful predators in the savannah.
B2 adjective /prəˈpoʊzd/
proposed
Meaning
suggested or put forward for consideration or discussion
Example
The proposed changes will improve the system.
B2 verb /prɪˈveɪl/
prevail
Meaning
To prove more powerful or superior; to be widespread or common.
Example
Justice will always prevail over injustice.
B2 noun /præŋk/
prank
Meaning
A trick that is intended to be funny but not harmful.
Example
They played a harmless prank on their friend during the party.
B2 noun /ˈpɑː.tɪ.klz/
particles
Meaning
Minute portions of matter.
Example
PM2.5 particles harm respiratory health.
B2 noun /pledʒ/
Pledge
Meaning
a solemn promise or undertaking; something given as security for a loan; a commitment or guarantee
Example
He made a pledge to donate money to charity.
B2 noun /ˈprɪv.ə.lɪdʒ/
Privilege
Meaning
a special right or advantage that only one person or group has
Example
It's a privilege to work with such talented people.
B2 noun pɛsts
pests
Meaning
Harmful or troublesome creatures, especially insects or small animals that damage crops, food, or living spaces.
Example
Pests can damage crops and cause diseases.
B2 adjective /fəˈnɒmɪnəl/
phenomenal
Meaning
extraordinary, remarkable, or exceptional in a way that is very impressive
Example
The team achieved phenomenal success in the tournament.
B2 noun /prɒkˈsɪmɪti/
proximity
Meaning
Nearness in space, time, or relationship.
Example
The proximity of the school to her house made it convenient.
B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪnənt/
prominent
Meaning
Important, famous, or easily noticeable.
Example
He is a prominent leader in the community.
B2 adjective /prɛsˈtɪdʒəs/
prestigious
Meaning
having a high reputation; respected
Example
Harvard University is one of the most prestigious universities in the world.
B2 adjective /ˈfoʊni/
phony
Meaning
not genuine; fraudulent or insincere
Example
He gave a phony smile to hide his true feelings.
B2 noun /ˈpjʊə.rɪ.ti/
Purity
Meaning
the state of being pure; cleanness or freedom from contamination
Example
The purity of the mountain water was remarkable.
B2 noun ˈprɒs.pekt
prospect
Meaning
The possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring.
Example
The project's success holds great prospect for the economy.
B2 adjective ˈpeɪn.ləs
painless
Meaning
Not causing pain; involving little effort or stress.
Example
Modern methods ensure painless treatment.
B2 noun pəˈspek.tɪvz
perspectives
Meaning
A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.
Example
New perspectives enhance understanding.
B2 verb /prɪˈzjuːm/
presume
Meaning
To suppose something is true without proof; to take for granted.
Example
I presume she has already left for the meeting.
B2 noun /ˈplænər/
planner
Meaning
a person who makes plans or a book used for organizing schedules and tasks
Example
She uses a daily planner to organize her meetings.
B2 noun /ˌproʊɪˈbɪʃən/
prohibition
Meaning
The act of forbidding something by law or authority.
Example
The government announced the prohibition of smoking in public places.
B2 noun /prɪˈkɔː.ʃən/
Precaution
Meaning
an action taken in advance to prevent something dangerous or unpleasant from happening
Example
As a precaution, we should bring extra water on the hike.
B2 adjective /ˈpʌz.lɪŋ/
Puzzling
Meaning
confusing; perplexing;
Example
The scientist found the results puzzling.
B2 noun /prəˈseʃ.ən/
Procession
Meaning
a group of people or vehicles moving forward in an organized way, especially as part of a ceremony
Example
The wedding procession walked slowly to the church.
B2 noun /ˈfɪʃ.ɪŋ/
phishing
Meaning
The fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from reputable companies in order to induce individuals to reveal personal information.
Example
Phishing emails often trick people into revealing passwords.
B2 noun prəˈɡreʃ.ən
progression
Meaning
The process of developing or moving gradually towards a more advanced state.
Example
Progression in technology drives innovation.
B2 adjective /prəˈnaʊnst/
pronounced
Meaning
very noticeable or strongly marked
Example
There is a pronounced difference between the two styles.
B2 verb /prəˈkleɪm/
proclaim
Meaning
to announce something publicly or officially, especially something important
Example
The president proclaimed a national day of mourning.
B2 adjective /ˈpraɪs.ləs/
Priceless
Meaning
extremely valuable; invaluable; beyond price
Example
Her grandmother's antique jewelry is absolutely priceless.
B2 noun /pɪtʃ/
pitch
Meaning
the quality of a sound; the level or degree of intensity; a throw or toss
Example
The singer's pitch was perfect during the performance.
B2 adjective /prɪˈventɪv/
Preventive
Meaning
designed to prevent something from happening; protective against disease
Example
Regular exercise is a preventive measure against heart disease.
B2 noun /plænˈteɪʃən/
plantation
Meaning
a large area of land where crops are grown, often for commercial purposes
Example
The sugarcane plantation stretched for miles across the valley.
B2 adjective /plʌmp/
plump
Meaning
having a full, rounded shape; pleasantly fat
Example
The cat was plump and well-fed.
B2 adjective /ˈpleɪfəl/
playful
Meaning
full of fun and high spirits; lively
Example
The puppy was very playful, running around the garden.
B2 adverb /ˈpʌŋk.tʃu.əl.i/
Punctually
Meaning
at the exact time arranged; on time; not late
Example
She always arrives punctually for meetings.
B2 adjective /prəˈtɛktɪv/
protective
Meaning
giving or capable of giving protection; shielding from harm or danger
Example
She wore a protective helmet while riding her bike.
B2 adjective /ˌpoʊstˈwɔːr/
post-war
Meaning
relating to the period after a war has ended
Example
The country experienced rapid economic growth in the post-war years.
B2 adjective /prəˈɡrɛsɪv/
progressive
Meaning
favoring or implementing new and modern ideas or policies; moving forward or improving
Example
She holds progressive views on social justice and equality.
B2 noun /ˈpesɪˌmɪzəm/
pessimism
Meaning
A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe the worst will happen.
Example
Her constant pessimism made it hard to stay optimistic.
B2 verb /prɪˈsiːd/
precede
Meaning
to come before something in time, order, or position
Example
A brief introduction precedes each chapter.
B2 verb, noun, adjective /prɑːmpt/
prompt
Meaning
To cause someone to take action; done without delay.
Example
His speech prompted the audience to ask questions.
B2 noun /prɪˈskrɪpʃən/
prescription
Meaning
A written order from a doctor for the preparation and administration of a medicine; also, a recommendation or authoritative rule.
Example
The doctor gave her a prescription for antibiotics.
B2 noun /fɪˈlɒsəfə/
philosopher
Meaning
a person engaged in the study of philosophy or in serious thinking about fundamental questions
Example
Socrates was a famous philosopher of ancient Greece.
B2 noun /pɪt/
pit
Meaning
a large hole in the ground or a hollow area
Example
The workers dug a deep pit to build the foundation.
B2 noun /ˈprɛfəs/
preface
Meaning
an introduction to a book, speech, or other written work
Example
The author explained his motivation in the preface.
B2 verb /priːtʃ/
preach
Meaning
to deliver a religious or moral talk, often in a church setting
Example
The pastor preached about forgiveness and kindness.
B2 adjective, noun /ˈsaɪkɪk/
psychic
Meaning
relating to the mind or supernatural powers; a person claiming to have extrasensory abilities
Example
The psychic claimed she could predict the future.
B2 noun /ˈpaɪpˌlaɪn/
pipeline
Meaning
a long tube through which liquids or gases are transported
Example
The company is building a new pipeline to transport natural gas.
B2 noun /pəˈnɪn.sjə.lə/
Peninsula
Meaning
a piece of land that is almost completely surrounded by water but connected to the mainland
Example
The Korean Peninsula is located in East Asia.
B2 noun /ˈpæd.ɪŋ/
padding
Meaning
soft material added for comfort, protection, or to fill space
Example
The chair had extra padding for comfort.
B2 adverb /ˈprez.ənt.li/
Presently
Meaning
at the present time; soon; in a little while
Example
The doctor will see you presently.
B2 adjective /prəˈfaʊnd/
profound
Meaning
Very great or intense; having deep insight or understanding.
Example
The speech had a profound impact on the audience.
B2 noun plɒt
plot
Meaning
The main story of a piece of writing, or the series of events that happen in it.
Example
The plot of A Tale of Two Cities is intense and gripping.
B2 adjective /ˈprɪm.ɪ.tɪv/
Primitive
Meaning
ancient; basic; crude; undeveloped; simple
Example
The tribe still uses primitive tools for hunting and farming.
B2 noun prəˈdʒɛk.ʃən
projection
Meaning
The strength and range of voice when speaking.
Example
Proper projection ensures that every listener hears clearly.
B2 noun ˈpeɪtriəˌtɪzəm
patriotism
Meaning
The quality of being patriotic; devotion to and vigorous support for one's country.
Example
Victory Day reflects the patriotism of the entire nation.
B2 adjective /ˈprɪv.ə.lɪdʒd/
Privileged
Meaning
having special advantages; favored; elite
Example
She comes from a privileged background with many opportunities.
B2 noun, verb /pɪə(r)/
peer
Meaning
noun: a person of the same rank or status; verb: to look closely or with difficulty
Example
He tried to peer through the fog to see his peers on the other side.
B2 verb /poʊk/
poke
Meaning
to push or prod with a finger or pointed object
Example
Don't poke me with your finger.
B2 verb /pliːd/
plead
Meaning
to make an emotional appeal; to present a case in court
Example
She pleaded for mercy.
B2 noun ˈpɛstɪˌsaɪd
pesticide
Meaning
A substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals.
Example
The pesticide sprayed in the field killed the harmful insects.
B2 adjective /prəˈfɪʃ.ənt/
proficient
Meaning
Competent or skilled in doing or using something; having great knowledge or experience.
Example
She is highly proficient in multiple languages.
B2 noun /pliː/
Plea
Meaning
an urgent and emotional request; a defendant's formal response to a criminal charge; an excuse or justification
Example
She made a plea for help during the emergency.
B2 noun /ˈpɑː.tər/
Potter
Meaning
a person who makes pottery
Example
The potter shaped clay on the spinning wheel.
B2 noun /ˈpaɪ.rə.si/
Piracy
Meaning
the practice of attacking and robbing ships at sea; the unauthorized use or reproduction of copyrighted material
Example
Software piracy costs companies billions of dollars annually.
B2 noun pɪər ˈɪnfluəns
peer influence
Meaning
The effect that members of a peer group have on each other, especially in terms of behavior, attitudes, and decision-making.
Example
Peer influence can shape juvenile behavior significantly.