B2 noun ˈmɪdl klæs

middle-class

Meaning

The social group between the upper and working classes, typically consisting of well-educated people.

Example

The middle-class was largely affected by the decision.

B2 noun ˈmɒn.ə.ki

monarchy

Meaning

A form of government with a monarch at the head, where supreme power is held by a single person such as a king or queen.

Example

The monarchy was abolished during the revolution.

B2 noun /ˌmɪsbɪˈheɪvjər/

misbehavior

Meaning

bad or improper behavior

Example

The teacher punished the student for his misbehavior.

B2 noun /ˈmɔɪs.tʃər/

Moisture

Meaning

water or dampness that exists in small amounts in the air or on a surface

Example

The skin cream helps retain moisture.

B2 verb /ˈmɒdənaɪz/

modernize

Meaning

To adapt something to modern needs or styles; to update or improve.

Example

The company plans to modernize its IT infrastructure.

B2 adjective /ˈmaɪnd.fəl/

Mindful

Meaning

being conscious or aware; paying attention to the present moment

Example

She is always mindful of her surroundings and pays attention to details.

B2 noun /ˈmærəθən/

marathon

Meaning

a long-distance running race, typically 42.195 kilometers (26.2 miles)

Example

She completed the marathon in under four hours.

B2 noun /ˈmɪks.tʃər/

Mixture

Meaning

a combination of different substances or elements

Example

The cake batter is a mixture of flour, eggs, and milk.

B2 adjective /ˈmɒdɪst/

modest

Meaning

Having or showing a humble estimate of one’s importance; simple and not extravagant.

Example

She lives in a modest house in the countryside.

B2 adjective /ˌmɛtrəˈpɑːlɪtən/

metropolitan

Meaning

Relating to a large city, its surrounding areas, or its lifestyle.

Example

She moved to a metropolitan area for better job opportunities.

B2 noun ˈme.trɪks

metrics

Meaning

A system or standard of measurement; a set of numbers that give information about a particular process or activity.

Example

Metrics are crucial for evaluating performance.

B2 noun /ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm/

mechanism

Meaning

A system of parts working together in a machine; a process or technique for achieving something.

Example

The mechanism of the clock stopped working after years of use.

B2 adjective /ˌmiː.diˈiː.vəl/

medieval

Meaning

Relating to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from about the 5th to the 15th century.

Example

The castle is a famous medieval monument.

B2 noun /məˈstɑːʃ/

Moustache

Meaning

hair that grows on the upper lip of men

Example

He grew a thick moustache for the play.

B2 adjective/noun /ˈmaɪ.nər/

minor

Meaning

less important, serious, or significant; a person under the legal age

Example

Luckily, the accident caused only minor injuries.

B2 noun /ˈmɛr.meɪd/

Mermaid

Meaning

A mythical sea creature with the head and torso of a woman and the tail of a fish

Example

The little girl loved stories about mermaids living under the sea.

B2 noun ˈmɑːr.kɪt ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi

market economy

Meaning

An economic system where production and pricing decisions are controlled by individuals and based on supply and demand.

Example

A market economy allows businesses to compete freely.

B2 verb /mɔːrn/

mourn

Meaning

To feel or express deep sadness or grief, especially because of someone's death.

Example

They gathered to mourn the loss of their friend.

B2 noun /mæt/

Mat

Meaning

a piece of coarse material placed on a floor for people to wipe their feet on

Example

Please wipe your feet on the mat before entering.

B2 noun ˈmɛn.təl ˈfoʊ.kəs

mental focus

Meaning

The ability to concentrate deeply on a specific task or thought; mental concentration and attention.

Example

Meditation improves mental focus and cognitive performance.

B2 adjective /mæɡˈnɛtɪk/

magnetic

Meaning

having the power to attract metal objects or to attract people or things in a strong way

Example

The magnetic field of the Earth protects us from harmful solar radiation.

B2 adjective /ˈmjuːtʃuəl/

Mutual

Meaning

shared by two or more parties; reciprocal

Example

They have a mutual respect for each other.

B2 noun /moʊˈmɛn.təm/

momentum

Meaning

The quantity of motion of a moving body; the impetus and driving force gained by the development of a process or course of events.

Example

The company gained momentum after launching a new product.

B2 adjective /ˈmɪθɪkəl/

Mythical

Meaning

existing only in myths or legends; imaginary or fictitious

Example

Dragons are mythical creatures that appear in many cultures.

B2 noun /ˈmɒdəreɪtər/

moderator

Meaning

A person who leads or oversees discussions, debates, or forums to maintain order.

Example

The moderator asked each panelist to share their views.

B2 noun /ˈmaɪ.ɡrənt/

migrant

Meaning

A person who moves from one place to another, especially to find work or better living conditions.

Example

Many migrants travel long distances to find employment.

B2 adverb /ˈmæn.ju.ə.li/

Manually

Meaning

by hand; using physical effort rather than machines

Example

The data was entered manually into the system.

B2 adjective /ˈmɛtrɪk/

metric

Meaning

Relating to the metric system of measurement; also, a standard of measurement used to assess performance.

Example

The company tracks success using clear performance metrics.

B2 verb ˈmɪnɪmaɪz

minimize

Meaning

Reduce (something, especially something unwanted or unpleasant) to the smallest possible amount or degree.

Example

Efforts should be made to minimize plastic usage.

B2 noun /ˈmɜːrdərər/

murderer

Meaning

a person who unlawfully kills another human being with intent

Example

The murderer was caught by the police within hours.

B2 noun /ˈmeɪnˌlænd/

mainland

Meaning

the principal landmass of a country or continent, as opposed to the surrounding islands

Example

The mainland of Australia is home to most of its population.

B2 noun /ˌmɪs.ʌn.dəˈstæn.dɪŋ/

Misunderstanding

Meaning

A failure to understand something correctly; a disagreement or confusion between people

Example

The argument was caused by a simple misunderstanding.

B2 noun/adjective /ˈmɪnətʃər/ or /ˈmɪniətʃʊr/

miniature

Meaning

a very small version of something; small in scale or size

Example

The artist created a miniature model of the castle.

B2 noun /maɪˈɡreɪʃən/

migration

Meaning

the movement of people or animals from one place to another, often for better living conditions or seasonal reasons

Example

The annual migration of birds is a fascinating natural event.

B2 noun /məˈtʃʊrəti/

Maturity

Meaning

The state of being mature; full development physically or emotionally

Example

With age comes wisdom and emotional maturity.

B2 adjective /ˌmʌltɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/

multilingual

Meaning

Able to speak or written in several languages.

Example

She grew up in a multilingual household.

B2 verb /mɒk/

mock

Meaning

To make fun of someone or something in a cruel or unkind way.

Example

The students mocked his accent during class.

B2 noun /ˈmɑːrkɪtˌpleɪs/

marketplace

Meaning

a place where goods and services are bought and sold; an open area for trade

Example

The town's marketplace is crowded every Friday morning.

B2 noun /ˈmɪsaɪl/ or /ˈmɪsəl/

missile

Meaning

a weapon that is self-propelled and directed toward a target

Example

The army launched a missile towards the enemy base.

B2 noun /moʊd/

Mode

Meaning

a way or manner in which something occurs or is done; a setting

Example

The computer has a sleep mode to save energy.

B2 noun /ˈmeɪn.tən.əns/

maintenance

Meaning

The process of keeping something in proper working condition; upkeep.

Example

Regular maintenance increases the lifespan of machines.

B2 noun /mɪˈθɒlədʒi/

mythology

Meaning

A collection of myths, especially belonging to a particular culture or religion.

Example

Greek mythology is filled with stories of gods and heroes.

B2 noun /ˈmɛr.ɪt/

Merit

Meaning

The quality of being particularly good or worthy, especially deserving praise, reward, or attention

Example

She was promoted based on her merit and hard work.

B2 verb /ˈmæk.sɪ.maɪz/

maximize

Meaning

to increase something as much as possible

Example

The company aims to maximize its profits this year.

B2 verb /ˌmɪsˈjuːz/

misuse

Meaning

To use something incorrectly or for the wrong purpose.

Example

Misusing social media profiles can harm relationships.

B2 adjective /ˈmiː.nɪŋ.ləs/

Meaningless

Meaning

without purpose; having no significance; pointless

Example

The data became meaningless without proper context.

B2 adverb /ˈmiːn.taɪm/

Meantime

Meaning

during the time between two events; in the period of time between now and when something else happens

Example

The food will be ready in an hour; in the meantime, we can watch TV.

B2 noun /maɪˈnɔːr.ɪ.ti/

minority

Meaning

A smaller number or part, especially a group differing from the majority.

Example

The law aims to protect the rights of ethnic minorities.

B2 noun /menˈtæləti/

Mentality

Meaning

The characteristic attitude of mind or way of thinking of a person or group

Example

The team needs to develop a winning mentality to succeed.

B2 verb /ˈmɑːdɪfaɪ/

modify

Meaning

to change or alter something; to make partial changes

Example

We need to modify the plan to include more details.

B2 noun /ˈmɪs.tʃɪf/

Mischief

Meaning

Playful behavior that causes minor trouble or annoyance but is not meant to cause serious harm

Example

The children were full of mischief during the summer holidays.

B2 noun /ˈmɒlɪkjuːl/

molecule

Meaning

The smallest unit of a chemical compound that retains its chemical properties.

Example

A water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

B2 noun /ˈmaɪnə(r)/

miner

Meaning

a person who works in a mine, extracting minerals or other resources

Example

The miner worked in the coal mine for many years.

B2 noun /ˈmɔːl.tə/

Malta

Meaning

a sweet citrus fruit similar to orange, also known as blood orange or sweet orange

Example

Malta is a popular citrus fruit in Bangladesh known for its sweet taste and high vitamin C content.

B2 noun /ˈmɛntɔːr/

mentor

Meaning

an experienced person who advises and guides someone less experienced

Example

She acted as a mentor for the new employees.

B2 adverb /ˈmɪərli/

merely

Meaning

Only; nothing more than.

Example

She was merely trying to help.

B2 noun /ˈmæm.əl/

mammal

Meaning

A warm-blooded animal with hair or fur, and females produce milk for their young.

Example

The whale is the largest mammal on Earth.

B2 adjective /mjuːt/

Mute

Meaning

silent; unable to speak; without sound

Example

He remained mute during the entire meeting.

B2 noun /məʊˈbɪləti/

mobility

Meaning

The ability to move or be moved freely and easily; the quality of being mobile.

Example

The mobility of workers is essential for the success of the project.

B2 verb /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃər/

manufacture

Meaning

to produce goods in large quantities using machinery; to make or create something

Example

The company manufactures electronic devices for global markets.

B2 noun /ˌmɪsˈfɔːrtʃən/

misfortune

Meaning

Bad luck or an unfortunate event.

Example

He suffered the misfortune of losing his job during the recession.

B2 noun /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ/

manufacturing

Meaning

the process of making products on a large scale using machinery

Example

The country is investing heavily in the manufacturing sector.

B2 adjective ˈmem.ər.ə.bəl

memorable

Meaning

Worth remembering or easily remembered, especially because of being special or unusual.

Example

Memorable events inspire generations.

B2 noun /mɒsk/

mosque

Meaning

A Muslim place of worship.

Example

They gathered at the mosque for the Friday prayer.

B2 noun /məˈlɛəriə/

malaria

Meaning

a serious infectious disease spread by mosquitoes, causing fever, chills, and sweating

Example

Malaria is a common disease in tropical regions.

B2 noun /məˈʃiː.nər.i/

machinery

Meaning

machines collectively, or the parts of a machine; also, the system or process by which something works

Example

The factory invested in new machinery to increase production.

B2 adjective /mɑːrkt/

Marked

Meaning

clearly noticeable; distinct; obvious

Example

There was a marked improvement in her performance.

B2 adverb /ˈmɪzərəbli/

Miserably

Meaning

in a wretched or unhappy manner; extremely badly

Example

The team performed miserably in the championship.

B2 adjective /ˈmaɪti/

mighty

Meaning

having great power or strength; very strong or impressive

Example

The mighty river flows through the heart of the country.

B2 noun /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃən/

moderation

Meaning

The avoidance of excess or extremes; keeping balance or within reasonable limits.

Example

He drinks wine in moderation.

B2 verb /ˈmeməraɪz/

memorize

Meaning

to learn something by heart; to commit to memory

Example

Students need to memorize important formulas for the exam.

B2 noun /ˈmʌð.ər.hʊd/

Motherhood

Meaning

the state of being a mother; the qualities of a mother

Example

She embraced the joys and challenges of motherhood.

B2 noun /ˈmʌtn/

Mutton

Meaning

meat from an adult sheep; lamb meat

Example

The restaurant serves delicious mutton curry with rice.

B2 noun /ˈmɪnərəl/

mineral

Meaning

a naturally occurring substance that is solid and inorganic, often used in industry or nutrition

Example

Calcium is an important mineral for strong bones.

B2 adverb /mɔːrˈoʊvər/

moreover

Meaning

Used to add information that supports or emphasizes what has already been said.

Example

The job is challenging; moreover, it requires excellent communication skills.

B2 verb ম্যানিফেস্ট

manifest

Meaning

To show or demonstrate clearly; to become evident or apparent.

Example

Symptoms of De Quervain's Syndrome may manifest after prolonged phone use.

B2 noun /ˌmɛdɪˈteɪʃən/

meditation

Meaning

The practice of focusing the mind to achieve calmness, clarity, or spiritual growth.

Example

She practices meditation every morning to start her day peacefully.

B2 noun /ˈmɑːrbəl/

marble

Meaning

a hard, smooth stone used in building and sculpture, often white with colored lines

Example

The floor of the palace was made of white marble.

B2 noun /məˈræl.ə.ti/

Morality

Meaning

principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong behavior

Example

The debate focused on the morality of the decision.

B2 adjective /mɪr/

mere

Meaning

Used to emphasize how small or insignificant something is.

Example

It was a mere suggestion, not a command.

B2 noun /ˈmɑːrkər/

marker

Meaning

an object used to indicate a position, place, or boundary; a pen with a thick tip used for writing or drawing

Example

He used a red marker to underline the important points.

B2 noun /ˈmʌð.ər.lænd/

Motherland

Meaning

the country where one was born or has citizenship; homeland

Example

He always spoke fondly of his motherland.

B2 verb /ˈmɑːdərət/

moderate

Meaning

to make less extreme or intense; to control or preside over

Example

She moderated the heated debate between the candidates.

B2 noun /ˈmæt.rəs/

Mattress

Meaning

a large rectangular pad for supporting the reclining body, used as or on a bed

Example

We bought a new mattress for our bedroom.

B2 verb /mɛnd/

mend

Meaning

To repair something that is broken or damaged.

Example

She learned to mend her torn dress.

B2 adjective /ˈmɛʒərd/

measured

Meaning

carefully considered and deliberate

Example

She spoke in a calm, measured tone.

B2 noun məˈmɔːriəl

memorial

Meaning

A structure or building made to remind people of a person or event.

Example

Thousands gather at the National Memorial.

B2 noun /məˈskiː.toʊ net/

Mosquito-net

Meaning

a fine mesh fabric used to cover beds or windows to keep mosquitoes and other insects out

Example

We use a mosquito net to protect ourselves from insect bites.

B2 noun /ˌmʌltɪplɪˈkeɪʃən/

multiplication

Meaning

the mathematical process of combining numbers to get a product; the act of increasing in number or amount

Example

Multiplication is one of the basic operations taught in elementary mathematics.

B2 noun /mjuːl/

Mule

Meaning

the offspring of a donkey and a horse, used as a working animal

Example

The farmer used a mule to carry heavy loads.

B2 noun /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/

mining

Meaning

the process of extracting valuable minerals or other resources from the earth

Example

Mining in this area has increased in recent years.

B2 adjective /ˈmænɪdʒəbəl/

Manageable

Meaning

able to be controlled or dealt with; feasible

Example

The workload is manageable if we plan properly.

B2 noun /mɪθ/

myth

Meaning

A traditional story explaining natural or social phenomena, often involving supernatural beings; a widely held but false belief.

Example

The myth of the phoenix tells of a bird reborn from its ashes.

B2 noun /ˈmeɪər/

mayor

Meaning

The elected head of a city, town, or municipality.

Example

The mayor announced a new policy to improve public transport.

B2 adjective /ˌmænˈmeɪd/

manmade

Meaning

something created or built by humans rather than occurring naturally

Example

This lake is manmade, not natural.

B2 adverb /ˈmɔːrəli/

Morally

Meaning

in accordance with principles of right and wrong behavior; ethically

Example

She felt morally obligated to help the refugees.

B2 verb /ˈmɑː.vəl/

marvel

Meaning

To be filled with wonder or astonishment.

Example

People marvel at their surroundings.

B2 adverb /ˈmɒdərətli/

moderately

Meaning

to a reasonable extent, not excessively

Example

She exercises moderately to stay healthy.

B2 noun /ˈmɒtəʊ/

motto

Meaning

A short sentence or phrase that expresses a guiding belief or principle.

Example

Her motto in life is 'never give up.'

B2 verb /maʊnt/

mount

Meaning

to climb up, rise, or fix something in place

Example

They plan to mount a camera on the wall.

B2 noun /mɪkst ˈkʌlər/

Mixed colour

Meaning

a color created by combining two or more different colors

Example

The mixed colour created a beautiful gradient on the canvas.

B2 adjective /mɪˈsteɪkən/

mistaken

Meaning

wrong or incorrect because of an error in judgment or understanding

Example

I was mistaken about the meeting time.

B2 verb /məˈnɪpjʊleɪt/

manipulate

Meaning

to handle or control skillfully; to influence someone in a clever way

Example

She can manipulate the software to create stunning graphics.

B2 noun /məˈkænɪks/

mechanics

Meaning

the branch of physics concerned with the motion of objects and the forces acting on them; also refers to the practical details of how something works

Example

He studied the mechanics of the machine before fixing it.

B2 noun /ˌmɛθəˈdɑlədʒi/

methodology

Meaning

A system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.

Example

The research was conducted using a new methodology.

B2 adjective /məˈkænɪkəl/

mechanical

Meaning

relating to machines or the way they work

Example

She has a good understanding of mechanical systems.

B2 adjective ˈmɒn.ɪ.tri

monetary

Meaning

Relating to money or currency.

Example

The monetary implications are significant for investors.

B2 noun /ˈmæstəri/

Mastery

Meaning

Great skill or expertise in a subject or activity

Example

His mastery of the violin impressed audiences around the world.

B2 adjective /ˈmɪnɪməm/

minimum

Meaning

The least or smallest amount or quantity possible, attained, or required.

Example

This year saw a minimum unemployment rate.

B2 noun /ˈmɜːrsi/

Mercy

Meaning

Compassion or forgiveness shown toward someone whom it is in one's power to punish

Example

The judge showed mercy and gave him a lighter sentence.

B2 adjective /ˈmɪstʃɪvəs/

Mischievous

Meaning

playfully naughty; causing minor trouble; impish

Example

The mischievous child hid his sister's favorite toy.

B2 noun /ˈmæd.nəs/

Madness

Meaning

the state of being mentally ill, especially severely; extremely foolish behavior

Example

It would be madness to drive in this storm.

B2 noun /ˈmæstərpiːs/

Masterpiece

Meaning

A work of outstanding artistry, skill, or workmanship

Example

The Mona Lisa is considered one of the greatest masterpieces of all time.

B2 noun /ˈmʊzlɪm/

muslim

Meaning

a follower of Islam

Example

He is a devout Muslim.

B2 noun /ˈmʌs.tərd/

Mustard

Meaning

A pungent seed or condiment made from ground mustard seeds

Example

She added mustard seeds to the curry for extra flavor.

B2 adjective /ˈmɪd.əl.eɪdʒd/

Middle-aged

Meaning

being of an age between young and old; typically between 40-60 years old

Example

The middle-aged man started a new career.

B2 noun /məˌnɪp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/

manipulation

Meaning

The action of manipulating someone or something in a skillful manner; handling or controlling in a subtle, unfair, or unscrupulous way.

Example

Media manipulation influences public opinion.

B2 noun məˈtæb.əl.ɪ.zəm

metabolism

Meaning

The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

Example

Exercise boosts metabolism and burns calories.

B2 noun /ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃən/

medication

Meaning

a drug or other form of medicine used to treat or prevent disease

Example

The doctor prescribed medication for his headache.

B2 noun /ˈmænʃən/

mansion

Meaning

a large, impressive house

Example

The billionaire lives in a luxurious mansion overlooking the ocean.

B2 noun ˈmoʊ.baɪl sɪˈkjʊr.ə.ti

mobile security

Meaning

Protection of mobile devices and the data stored on them from security threats.

Example

Strong mobile security protects personal information.