extinct
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B2 adjective ɪkˈstɪŋkt

extinct

Meaning
No longer in existence; having died out completely.
Example
Some species are becoming extinct due to overfishing.
B2 noun /iˈkɒl.ə.dʒi/

ecology

Meaning
the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment
Example
Ecology helps us understand how pollution affects animals and plants.
B2 noun ɪˈmɪʃ.ənz

emissions

Meaning
The production and discharge of something, especially gas, heat, light, or radiation.
Example
Carbon emissions are rising globally.
B2 verb /ɪnˈroʊl/

enroll

Meaning
to officially join or register in a school, course, or organization
Example
He decided to enroll in a computer programming course.
B2 noun /ˈɛdʒuˌkeɪtər/

educator

Meaning
a person who provides education; a teacher or instructor
Example
She is a dedicated educator who inspires her students every day.
B2 adjective /ˌɛm.pəˈθɛ.tɪk/

empathetic

Meaning
Showing ability to understand and share feelings of others.
Example
She was empathetic towards her friend's struggles.
B2 verb /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/

eliminate

Meaning
To completely remove or get rid of something.
Example
Eliminate time-wasting habits.
B2 verb ˈɛkəʊd

echoed

Meaning
To repeat or resound; to be reminiscent of something.
Example
The words of gratitude echoed in his heart.
B2 noun ɪnˈhɑːns.mənt

enhancement

Meaning
An increase or improvement in quality, value, or extent.
Example
Enhancement of education quality is vital.
B2 noun /ɪkˈses/

Excess

Meaning
an amount of something that is more than necessary, permitted, or desirable
Example
The excess food from the party was donated to the local shelter.
B2 noun ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən

evaluation

Meaning
The making of a judgment about the amount, number, or value of something; assessment.
Example
Accurate evaluation helps determine resource sustainability.
B2 noun ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃən

environmental degradation

Meaning
The deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources and destruction of ecosystems.
Example
Environmental degradation threatens biodiversity.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈstɪr.i.ər/

Exterior

Meaning
relating to the outside part or surface of something; outer
Example
The exterior of the building was painted in bright colors.
B2 noun /ˌep.ɪˈdem.ɪk/

Epidemic

Meaning
a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community
Example
The flu epidemic affected thousands of people across the country.
B2 adjective ɪkˈsep.ʃən.əl

exceptional

Meaning
Unusually good; outstanding; forming an exception; not typical.
Example
Exceptional talent drives innovation.
B2 adverb /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkli/

economically

Meaning
in a way that relates to economics or is efficient and not wasteful.
Example
The company is trying to operate more economically this year.
B2 verb /ɪkˈstrækt/

extract

Meaning
to remove or take out something, often with effort
Example
The dentist had to extract the damaged tooth.
B2 adjective /ˈed.ɪ.bəl/

Edible

Meaning
safe to eat; suitable for consumption
Example
Only edible mushrooms should be used in cooking.
B2 noun /ɪkˈskluːʒən/

exclusion

Meaning
The process or state of being left out or denied access.
Example
The policy led to the exclusion of certain groups.
B2 verb /ɛksˈheɪl/

exhale

Meaning
to breathe out air from the lungs
Example
She slowly exhaled after holding her breath.
B2 noun /ˌek.spekˈteɪ.ʃən/

Expectation

Meaning
a strong belief that something will happen or be the case; anticipation
Example
The new teacher exceeded everyone's expectations with her innovative teaching methods.
B2 verb /ɪnˈtaɪtəl/

entitle

Meaning
to give someone the right to have or do something
Example
Employees are entitled to receive paid holidays.
B2 adjective /ˈiːtəbl̩/

eatable

Meaning
suitable or safe for eating
Example
The berries are not only eatable but also quite tasty.
B2 noun /iˈkɒlədʒɪst/

ecologist

Meaning
A scientist who studies the relationships between living organisms and their environment.
Example
The ecologist studied the effects of pollution on the forest ecosystem.
B2 verb /ɪmˈpaʊər/

empower

Meaning
To give someone the power or authority to do something; to make someone stronger or more confident.
Example
Education can empower people to improve their lives.
B2 verb ˈeksɪkjuːt

execute

Meaning
To carry out or put into effect a plan, order, or course of action.
Example
NASA plans to execute the mission in three phases.
B2 verb /ɪkˈspaɪər/

expire

Meaning
to come to an end, especially a period of validity or life
Example
My passport will expire next month.
B2 noun /ˈep.ɪk/

Epic

Meaning
a long poem telling of heroic deeds; something heroic or grand in scale
Example
The Iliad is one of the most famous epics in world literature.
B2 verb /ɪnˈlɑːrdʒ/

enlarge

Meaning
to make something bigger or increase in size
Example
They decided to enlarge their house.
B2 verb ˈɛskəleɪt

escalate

Meaning
To increase rapidly; to become more intense or serious
Example
The aging population is escalating at an alarming rate.
B2 adverb /ɪkˈstɛnsɪvli/

extensively

Meaning
in a thorough or wide-ranging manner
Example
She traveled extensively across Europe for her research.
B2 verb /ɪˈvɑːlv/

evolve

Meaning
to develop gradually, especially into a more complex or advanced state
Example
Over time, the company evolved into a global brand.
B2 noun /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/

expertise

Meaning
Expert knowledge or skill in a particular area.
Example
His expertise in graphic design is widely recognized.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ˈfrɛndli/

environment-friendly

Meaning
Designed or produced in a way that causes minimal harm to the environment, often using sustainable materials and processes that reduce ecological impact.
Example
Environment-friendly products are designed to reduce ecological damage.
B2 adjective /ɪˈven.tʃu.əl/

Eventual

Meaning
happening or existing at the end of a process; final; ultimate
Example
The eventual outcome was better than expected.
B2 verb /ɪˈveɪd/

evade

Meaning
To escape or avoid something, especially by cleverness or trickery.
Example
He tried to evade the question by changing the subject.
B2 noun /ɪˈrʌp.ʃən/

Eruption

Meaning
a sudden violent occurrence or outburst; volcanic explosion
Example
The volcanic eruption forced thousands of people to evacuate the area.
B2 verb /ɪnˈdeɪndʒər/

endanger

Meaning
To put someone or something at risk or in danger.
Example
Cutting down forests can endanger many species of animals.
B2 adjective ɪkˈsplɪsɪt

explicit

Meaning
Stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt.
Example
The instructions were explicit, leaving no room for confusion.
B2 noun /ˈen.tə.praɪz/

Enterprise

Meaning
a project or undertaking, especially a bold or complex one
Example
The space exploration enterprise required years of planning and preparation.
B2 verb ɪˈmɜːdʒɪz

emerges

Meaning
To come forth, appear, or arise from something
Example
A major health crisis emerges from pollution.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈsploʊsɪv/

explosive

Meaning
able to cause an explosion; likely to burst out suddenly
Example
The situation became explosive after the argument.
B2 verb /ɪnˈvɪʒən/

envision

Meaning
to imagine or picture something in the future; to visualize a possibility or goal
Example
She envisions a world where everyone has equal access to education.
B2 verb /ˈɛskɔrt/

escort

Meaning
to accompany someone; to guide or protect while going somewhere
Example
The guard escorted the visitor to the office.
B2 verb /ɪkˈskluːd/

exclude

Meaning
To deliberately leave out or prevent someone or something from being included.
Example
The list excludes temporary workers.
B2 noun /ˈɛmɪɡrənt/

emigrant

Meaning
A person who leaves their own country to settle permanently in another.
Example
The emigrant started a new life in Canada.
B2 verb /ɪɡˈzædʒəˌreɪt/

exaggerate

Meaning
to describe something as better, worse, or more important than it really is
Example
He tends to exaggerate his achievements.
B2 noun /ˈɛntəti/

entity

Meaning
something that exists as a single and complete unit; an organization or being
Example
The new company will operate as a separate legal entity.
B2 verb /ˈɛmɪˌɡreɪt/

emigrate

Meaning
To leave one's own country in order to settle permanently in another.
Example
Many people emigrated from Europe to America in the 19th century.
B2 verb /ɪnˈteɪl/

entail

Meaning
to involve something as a necessary or inevitable part or consequence
Example
The job will entail a lot of travel across the country.
B2 adjective /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl/

experimental

Meaning
based on untested ideas or techniques; relating to experiments or testing
Example
The scientists developed an experimental drug to treat cancer.
B2 verb /ɪnˈkʌmpəs/

encompass

Meaning
To include comprehensively; to surround or encircle.
Example
The project will encompass all aspects of rural development.
B2 adjective /ɪˈlæs.tɪk/

Elastic

Meaning
able to stretch and return to original shape; flexible; adaptable
Example
The elastic band can stretch and return to its original shape.
B2 adjective /ɪɡˈzɑːtɪk/

exotic

Meaning
Unusual and attractive because it is from a foreign place or culture.
Example
The garden was filled with exotic plants from tropical countries.
B2 noun /ɪnˈdjʊə.rəns/

endurance

Meaning
The fact or power of enduring an unpleasant or difficult process or situation without giving way.
Example
Running a marathon requires exceptional endurance.
B2 verb /ɪnˈrɪtʃ/

enrich

Meaning
To improve or enhance the quality or value of something.
Example
Space exploration enriches human understanding.
B2 verb /ɪnˈkwaɪər/

enquire

Meaning
to ask for information about something
Example
He enquired about the train schedule.
B2 verb /ɪkˈspoʊz/

expose

Meaning
to reveal or uncover; to make visible or known
Example
The investigation exposed the truth about the scandal.
B2 adjective ˌiːvəˈluːʃənəri

evolutionary

Meaning
Relating to or denoting the gradual development of something, especially from a simple to a more complex form.
Example
The evolutionary changes in species are fascinating.
B2 verb /ɪˈvæljueɪt/

evaluate

Meaning
To assess or judge the value, quality, or significance of something.
Example
The teacher will evaluate the students’ projects tomorrow.
B2 verb /ɪˈkwɪp/

equip

Meaning
to provide someone or something with the necessary items or skills for a task
Example
The school equipped its students with modern technology.
B2 noun /ɪɡˌzædʒ.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

Exaggeration

Meaning
a statement that represents something as better or worse than it really is
Example
His story about the fish he caught was clearly an exaggeration.
B2 noun /iːz/

Ease

Meaning
absence of difficulty or effort; comfort and relaxation
Example
After years of practice, she played the piano with great ease.
B2 adverb /ɪˈfɪʃəntli/

efficiently

Meaning
in a way that achieves maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense
Example
She managed to complete the task efficiently within the deadline.
B2 verb /ɪmˈbɒdi/

embody

Meaning
To give tangible or visible form to an idea, quality, or feeling.
Example
She embodies the spirit of generosity.
B2 noun /ɪnˈθuziæst/

enthusiast

Meaning
a person who is very interested in a particular activity or subject
Example
He is a football enthusiast and watches every match.
B2 verb /ɪɡˈzɔːst/

exhaust

Meaning
to tire out completely; to use up resources
Example
The long journey exhausted the children.
B2 verb /ɪˈmɪt/

emit

Meaning
to send out something such as light, heat, sound, or gas
Example
The factory emits smoke into the atmosphere.
B2 noun /ɪkˈspen.dɪ.tʃər/

expenditure

Meaning
The action of spending funds; an amount of money spent.
Example
Managing expenditure is critical for budgeting.
B2 noun /ˈɛθɪks/

ethics

Meaning
moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conduct of an activity
Example
Business ethics require companies to act fairly and responsibly.
B2 noun ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ ˈlɜːrnɪŋ ɪkˈspɪəriənsɪz

engaging learning experiences

Meaning
Interactive and immersive educational activities that capture students' attention and actively involve them in the learning process.
Example
Digital tools create engaging learning experiences.
B2 noun /ɪˈmɜːrdʒəns/

emergence

Meaning
the process of coming into view, existence, or prominence
Example
The emergence of new technologies has transformed communication.
B2 verb /ɪmˈbɛd/

embed

Meaning
to fix something firmly into a surrounding mass or context
Example
The journalist was embedded with the military unit.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈstræv.ə.ɡənt/

Extravagant

Meaning
spending much more than is necessary; wasteful; lacking restraint in spending
Example
His extravagant lifestyle included expensive cars and luxury vacations.
B2 noun ˌel.ɪ.dʒəˈbɪl.ə.ti

eligibility

Meaning
The state of having the right to do or obtain something through satisfaction of the appropriate conditions.
Example
Eligibility criteria maintain fairness.
B2 verb ɪnˈfɔːrsɪŋ

enforcing

Meaning
To compel observance of or compliance with a law, rule, or obligation.
Example
Enforcing strict laws is necessary to prevent violations.
B2 verb /ɪkˈsɛl/

excel

Meaning
to be exceptionally good at or proficient in an activity or subject
Example
She always tries to excel in her studies.
B2 noun /ɪˈlɛktrɪk drɪl/

Electric drill

Meaning
A power tool used for drilling holes in various materials
Example
He used an electric drill to make holes in the wall for hanging pictures.
B2 adjective ˈel.ɪ.dʒə.bəl

eligible

Meaning
Having the right to do or obtain something through satisfaction of the appropriate conditions.
Example
Only eligible candidates are considered for appointments.
B2 noun /ˈen.ə.dʒi sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti/

energy security

Meaning
The reliable availability of energy sources at an affordable price for a nation or region.
Example
Energy security ensures consistent supply.
B2 noun /ɪmˈbærəsmənt/

embarrassment

Meaning
a feeling of self-consciousness, shame, or awkwardness
Example
Her face turned red with embarrassment after the mistake.
B2 noun /ˈɛksələns/

excellence

Meaning
the quality of being outstanding or extremely good
Example
The school is known for its academic excellence.
B2 verb, noun /ɪnˈdevər/

endeavour

Meaning
To try hard to achieve something; an attempt or effort
Example
She endeavoured to finish the project on time.
B2 noun /ˈɜːrnər/

earner

Meaning
A person who earns money through work or business
Example
She is the primary earner in her family.
B2 noun /ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/

establishment

Meaning
An organization, business, or system; the act of setting something up.
Example
The restaurant is a new establishment in town.
B2 verb /ɪkˈskleɪm/

exclaim

Meaning
to cry out suddenly in surprise, strong emotion, or excitement
Example
She exclaimed with joy when she saw the gift.
B2 noun /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/

exhaustion

Meaning
A state of extreme physical or mental fatigue.
Example
Chronic exhaustion can lead to burnout and decreased productivity.
B2 verb /ɪkˈsploʊd/

explode

Meaning
to burst or shatter violently and noisily as a result of rapid combustion or pressure
Example
The bomb exploded in the middle of the street.
B2 verb /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

encounter

Meaning
to unexpectedly meet someone or experience something, especially something difficult or new
Example
During the hike, we encountered a wild bear.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈtaɪtəld/

entitled

Meaning
having the right to do or have something; feeling deserving of special treatment
Example
Employees are entitled to paid leave.
B2 adjective /ɪɡˈzɔː.stɪd/

exhausted

Meaning
Extremely tired; having no energy left.
Example
Feeling exhausted after waking up is common.
B2 adjective /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl/

economical

Meaning
Careful in the use of resources; providing good value or efficiency.
Example
Driving a hybrid car is economical in the long run.
B2 adverb /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/

essentially

Meaning
Used to emphasize the basic or fundamental nature of something.
Example
The two plans are essentially the same.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈsprɛsɪv/

expressive

Meaning
Effectively conveying thought or feeling.
Example
Her eyes were so expressive that no words were needed.
B2 noun /ɪˈfɛktɪvnəs/

effectiveness

Meaning
the degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result.
Example
The effectiveness of the new policy is still being evaluated.
B2 verb ˈel.ɪ.veɪt

elevate

Meaning
To lift to a higher position; to raise to a more important or impressive level.
Example
Good leadership can elevate team performance.
B2 verb /ɪkˈspɛl/

expel

Meaning
to officially force someone to leave a place or organization
Example
The student was expelled from school for misconduct.
B2 verb /ɪnˈdjʊər/

endure

Meaning
to suffer something difficult or unpleasant patiently
Example
He had to endure years of hardship before achieving success.
B2 verb /ɪmˈbreɪs/

embrace

Meaning
to hold someone closely in your arms; to accept willingly
Example
She embraced her friend at the airport.
B2 noun ɪˈmɪʃ.ən

emission

Meaning
The release or discharge of gases, particles, or other substances into the environment.
Example
Car manufacturers are reducing carbon emissions.
B2 noun /ˈɛmbəsi/

embassy

Meaning
the official residence or offices of an ambassador
Example
He works at the French embassy in Dhaka.
B2 noun /ˌek.əˈnɒm.ɪk səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

economic sustainability

Meaning
The ability of an economy to support a defined level of economic production indefinitely.
Example
Economic sustainability drives long-term growth.
B2 adverb /ˈiːɡərli/

Eagerly

Meaning
with keen interest or enthusiasm; with great desire
Example
The children eagerly waited for the holiday to begin.
B2 noun /ˈaɪ.lɪd/

Eyelid

Meaning
either of the upper or lower folds of skin that cover the eye when closed
Example
Her eyelids felt heavy with sleep.
B2 noun /ɪnˈrɪtʃ.mənt/

enrichment

Meaning
The action of improving or enhancing the quality or value of something.
Example
Cultural enrichment fosters a deeper understanding of traditions.
B2 noun ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl ˈbæləns

ecological balance

Meaning
A state of dynamic equilibrium within a community of organisms.
Example
Maintaining ecological balance is essential for a sustainable planet.
B2 verb /ɪmˈbɑːrkɪŋ/

embarking

Meaning
Beginning a journey or enterprise.
Example
The group is embarking on a long journey.
B2 adjective ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl

ecological

Meaning
Relating to ecology or the environment.
Example
Deforestation threatens the ecological balance of the planet.
B2 noun /ˈɪə.rə/

Era

Meaning
a long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic
Example
The Renaissance was an era of great artistic and cultural achievement.
B2 noun ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si

efficiency

Meaning
The state or quality of being efficient; achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.
Example
Efficiency in communication is crucial for businesses.
B2 noun /ˈaɪ.saɪt/

Eyesight

Meaning
the ability to see; vision
Example
Regular eye checkups are important for maintaining good eyesight.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈskluːsɪv/

exclusive

Meaning
restricted to a particular person, group, or area; not shared with others
Example
The hotel offers exclusive access to a private beach.
B2 noun ɪkˈspænʃən

expansion

Meaning
The action of becoming larger or more extensive; growth or development.
Example
Volunteering helps in the expansion of social networks.
B2 noun /ɪmˈpaʊə.mənt/

empowerment

Meaning
Authority or power given to someone to do something.
Example
Empowerment initiatives enhance confidence.
B2 verb /ɪˈnækt/

enact

Meaning
to make into law; to perform or act out
Example
The government decided to enact a new policy on education.
B2 adverb /ɪkˈsplɪsɪtli/

explicitly

Meaning
in a clear and detailed manner, leaving no room for confusion or doubt
Example
The instructions were explicitly written to avoid any confusion.
B2 adjective ˈeθ.ɪ.kəl

ethical

Meaning
Relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.
Example
Ethical considerations guide decisions.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈsɛntrɪk/

eccentric

Meaning
unconventional and slightly strange in behavior or appearance
Example
The artist was known for his eccentric style.
B2 noun /ɪkˈskɜː.ʃən/

Excursion

Meaning
a short journey or trip, especially one engaged in as a leisure activity
Example
The school organized an excursion to the science museum for all students.
B2 noun ˈɛmpəθi

empathy

Meaning
The ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.
Example
Empathy helps students connect with society.
B2 adjective ˌɒn.trə.prəˈnɜː.ri.əl

entrepreneurial

Meaning
Relating to or characterized by the activity of setting up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.
Example
His entrepreneurial spirit led him to establish a successful startup.