B2 noun ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃən

exploitation

Meaning

The action of making use of and benefiting from resources, often in an unfair or selfish way.

Example

Exploitation of marine resources has led to significant damage.

B2 adjective /ɪˈkwɪv.ə.lənt/

Equivalent

Meaning

equal in value, amount, function, or meaning; having the same effect or result

Example

This amount is equivalent to ten dollars.

B2 noun /ɪɡˌzædʒ.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

Exaggeration

Meaning

a statement that represents something as better or worse than it really is

Example

His story about the fish he caught was clearly an exaggeration.

B2 adjective /ɪˈlæs.tɪk/

Elastic

Meaning

able to stretch and return to original shape; flexible; adaptable

Example

The elastic band can stretch and return to its original shape.

B2 verb, noun /ɪnˈdevər/

endeavour

Meaning

To try hard to achieve something; an attempt or effort

Example

She endeavoured to finish the project on time.

B2 verb /ɪkˈsɛl/

excel

Meaning

to be exceptionally good at or proficient in an activity or subject

Example

She always tries to excel in her studies.

B2 verb /ɪnˈkwaɪər/

enquire

Meaning

to ask for information about something

Example

He enquired about the train schedule.

B2 noun /ɪkˈskɜː.ʃən/

Excursion

Meaning

a short journey or trip, especially one engaged in as a leisure activity

Example

The school organized an excursion to the science museum for all students.

B2 noun /ˌɛkskləˈmeɪʃən/

exclamation

Meaning

A sudden cry or remark expressing strong emotion or surprise.

Example

She let out an exclamation of joy when she heard the news.

B2 adverb /ɪˈfɪʃəntli/

efficiently

Meaning

in a way that achieves maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense

Example

She managed to complete the task efficiently within the deadline.

B2 adjective ˈel.ɪ.dʒə.bəl

eligible

Meaning

Having the right to do or obtain something through satisfaction of the appropriate conditions.

Example

Only eligible candidates are considered for appointments.

B2 noun /ɪkˈspen.dɪ.tʃər/

expenditure

Meaning

The action of spending funds; an amount of money spent.

Example

Managing expenditure is critical for budgeting.

B2 verb /ɪˈvɑːlv/

evolve

Meaning

to develop gradually, especially into a more complex or advanced state

Example

Over time, the company evolved into a global brand.

B2 verb /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

encounter

Meaning

to unexpectedly meet someone or experience something, especially something difficult or new

Example

During the hike, we encountered a wild bear.

B2 noun /ˌep.ɪˈdem.ɪk/

Epidemic

Meaning

a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community

Example

The flu epidemic affected thousands of people across the country.

B2 adverb /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkli/

economically

Meaning

in a way that relates to economics or is efficient and not wasteful.

Example

The company is trying to operate more economically this year.

B2 noun /ˌek.spekˈteɪ.ʃən/

Expectation

Meaning

a strong belief that something will happen or be the case; anticipation

Example

The new teacher exceeded everyone's expectations with her innovative teaching methods.

B2 verb ˈɛkəʊd

echoed

Meaning

To repeat or resound; to be reminiscent of something.

Example

The words of gratitude echoed in his heart.

B2 noun ɪˈroʊʒən

erosion

Meaning

The gradual destruction or diminishing of something.

Example

Power struggles often lead to the erosion of humanity.

B2 verb /ɪnˈdjʊər/

endure

Meaning

to suffer something difficult or unpleasant patiently

Example

He had to endure years of hardship before achieving success.

B2 verb /ɪmˈpaʊər/

empower

Meaning

To give someone the power or authority to do something; to make someone stronger or more confident.

Example

Education can empower people to improve their lives.

B2 adjective ˌɒn.trə.prəˈnɜː.ri.əl

entrepreneurial

Meaning

Relating to or characterized by the activity of setting up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.

Example

His entrepreneurial spirit led him to establish a successful startup.

B2 noun /ɪnˈfɔːrsmənt/

enforcement

Meaning

the act of making sure that laws or rules are followed

Example

The police are responsible for law enforcement.

B2 noun /iˈkɒlədʒɪst/

ecologist

Meaning

A scientist who studies the relationships between living organisms and their environment.

Example

The ecologist studied the effects of pollution on the forest ecosystem.

B2 noun /ˌek.əˈnɒm.ɪk səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

economic sustainability

Meaning

The ability of an economy to support a defined level of economic production indefinitely.

Example

Economic sustainability drives long-term growth.

B2 noun ˈikoʊ ˈfrɛndli tɛkˈnɑləʤiz

eco-friendly technologies

Meaning

Technologies that are designed to minimize environmental impact and promote sustainability.

Example

Eco-friendly technologies can mitigate pollution.

B2 verb /ɪnˈtaɪtəl/

entitle

Meaning

to give someone the right to have or do something

Example

Employees are entitled to receive paid holidays.

B2 verb /ɪˈvæljueɪt/

evaluate

Meaning

To assess or judge the value, quality, or significance of something.

Example

The teacher will evaluate the students’ projects tomorrow.

B2 noun ɪnˈdev.ər

endeavor

Meaning

An attempt to achieve a goal; a serious determined effort.

Example

The endeavor to innovate space tourism is ambitious.

B2 noun /ˈiː.ɡoʊ/

Ego

Meaning

a person's sense of self-esteem or self-importance

Example

His big ego prevented him from accepting criticism from others.

B2 adjective /ˈɛθnɪk/

ethnic

Meaning

relating to a population subgroup with a common national or cultural tradition

Example

The festival celebrated the city's diverse ethnic communities.

B2 adjective ɪˈvɒlvɪŋ

evolving

Meaning

Developing gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form; changing and developing.

Example

Education plays a role in evolving societal norms.

B2 noun ˌel.ɪ.dʒəˈbɪl.ə.ti

eligibility

Meaning

The state of having the right to do or obtain something through satisfaction of the appropriate conditions.

Example

Eligibility criteria maintain fairness.

B2 verb /ɪˈvækjueɪt/

evacuate

Meaning

To remove people from a dangerous place to safety.

Example

The residents were ordered to evacuate the building after the fire alarm.

B2 adjective /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt ˈfrɛndli/

environment-friendly

Meaning

Designed or produced in a way that causes minimal harm to the environment, often using sustainable materials and processes that reduce ecological impact.

Example

Environment-friendly products are designed to reduce ecological damage.

B2 noun ˈiː.kəʊˌsɪs.təm

ecosystem

Meaning

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Example

A balanced ecosystem is crucial for environmental sustainability.

B2 noun /ˈem.ər.əld/

Emerald

Meaning

a bright green precious stone used in jewelry

Example

The emerald necklace sparkled in the sunlight.

B2 noun /ɪkˈskluːʒən/

exclusion

Meaning

The process or state of being left out or denied access.

Example

The policy led to the exclusion of certain groups.

B2 verb /ɪnˈhæns/

enhance

Meaning

to improve the quality, value, or extent of something

Example

The new features will enhance the user experience.

B2 adjective ˈeθ.ɪ.kəl

ethical

Meaning

Relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.

Example

Ethical considerations guide decisions.

B2 noun /ˈɜːnɪŋz/

earnings

Meaning

money obtained in return for labor or services

Example

Her monthly earnings are enough to support her family.

B2 adjective /ɪɡˈzɔː.stɪd/

exhausted

Meaning

Extremely tired; having no energy left.

Example

Feeling exhausted after waking up is common.

B2 noun /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/

exhaustion

Meaning

A state of extreme physical or mental fatigue.

Example

Chronic exhaustion can lead to burnout and decreased productivity.

B2 verb /ɪkˈsploʊd/

explode

Meaning

to burst or shatter violently and noisily as a result of rapid combustion or pressure

Example

The bomb exploded in the middle of the street.

B2 noun /ɪˈfɛktɪvnəs/

effectiveness

Meaning

the degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result.

Example

The effectiveness of the new policy is still being evaluated.

B2 noun /ˌɛksɪˈkjuːʃən/

execution

Meaning

the act of carrying out a plan, order, or legal sentence

Example

The success of a project depends on its proper execution.

B2 adjective /ɪˈmɜːrdʒɪŋ/

emerging

Meaning

becoming known, developing, or starting to exist

Example

Bangladesh is one of the fastest emerging economies in the world.

B2 noun /ˈɜːrnər/

earner

Meaning

A person who earns money through work or business

Example

She is the primary earner in her family.

B2 noun /ˈen.ə.dʒi sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti/

energy security

Meaning

The reliable availability of energy sources at an affordable price for a nation or region.

Example

Energy security ensures consistent supply.

B2 verb ˈɛskəleɪt

escalate

Meaning

To increase rapidly; to become more intense or serious

Example

The aging population is escalating at an alarming rate.

B2 adjective /ˌɛm.pəˈθɛ.tɪk/

empathetic

Meaning

Showing ability to understand and share feelings of others.

Example

She was empathetic towards her friend's struggles.

B2 adjective /ɪkˈskluːsɪv/

exclusive

Meaning

restricted to a particular person, group, or area; not shared with others

Example

The hotel offers exclusive access to a private beach.

B2 adjective ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl

ecological

Meaning

Relating to ecology or the environment.

Example

Deforestation threatens the ecological balance of the planet.

B2 adverb /ɪkˈstɜrnəli/

externally

Meaning

in a way that relates to the outer surface or outside appearance

Example

The building appeared externally modern, but inside it was quite old-fashioned.

B2 verb /ɪˈkwɪp/

equip

Meaning

to provide someone or something with the necessary items or skills for a task

Example

The school equipped its students with modern technology.

B2 noun /iːz/

Ease

Meaning

absence of difficulty or effort; comfort and relaxation

Example

After years of practice, she played the piano with great ease.

B2 verb /ˈɛskɔrt/

escort

Meaning

to accompany someone; to guide or protect while going somewhere

Example

The guard escorted the visitor to the office.

B2 adjective ɪkˈstɪŋkt

extinct

Meaning

No longer in existence; having died out completely.

Example

Some species are becoming extinct due to overfishing.

B2 verb /ɪɡˈzɔːst/

exhaust

Meaning

to tire out completely; to use up resources

Example

The long journey exhausted the children.

B2 verb /ɪkˈspɛl/

expel

Meaning

to officially force someone to leave a place or organization

Example

The student was expelled from school for misconduct.

B2 adjective /ˈiːtəbl̩/

eatable

Meaning

suitable or safe for eating

Example

The berries are not only eatable but also quite tasty.

B2 noun /iˈkɒl.ə.dʒi/

ecology

Meaning

the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment

Example

Ecology helps us understand how pollution affects animals and plants.

B2 verb, noun /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/

exploit

Meaning

to make full use of and derive benefit from (a resource); to use someone unfairly for one’s own advantage

Example

The company was accused of exploiting child labor.

B2 adjective /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl/

experimental

Meaning

based on untested ideas or techniques; relating to experiments or testing

Example

The scientists developed an experimental drug to treat cancer.

B2 noun /ɪˈsteɪt/

estate

Meaning

A large area of land, property, or possessions owned by someone, often including a big house.

Example

The family owned a large estate in the countryside.

B2 noun /ɪkˈses/

Excess

Meaning

an amount of something that is more than necessary, permitted, or desirable

Example

The excess food from the party was donated to the local shelter.

B2 noun ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si

efficiency

Meaning

The state or quality of being efficient; achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.

Example

Efficiency in communication is crucial for businesses.

B2 verb ɪnˈfɔːrsɪŋ

enforcing

Meaning

To compel observance of or compliance with a law, rule, or obligation.

Example

Enforcing strict laws is necessary to prevent violations.

B2 adjective ɪkˈsep.ʃən.əl

exceptional

Meaning

Unusually good; outstanding; forming an exception; not typical.

Example

Exceptional talent drives innovation.

B2 verb /ɪˈrɛkt/

erect

Meaning

to build or construct something; to set upright

Example

They erected a statue in the town square.

B2 noun /ˈen.tə.praɪz/

Enterprise

Meaning

a project or undertaking, especially a bold or complex one

Example

The space exploration enterprise required years of planning and preparation.

B2 noun /ɪˈrʌp.ʃən/

Eruption

Meaning

a sudden violent occurrence or outburst; volcanic explosion

Example

The volcanic eruption forced thousands of people to evacuate the area.

B2 adverb /ɪkˈstɛnsɪvli/

extensively

Meaning

in a thorough or wide-ranging manner

Example

She traveled extensively across Europe for her research.

B2 noun ɪˌlɪm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən

elimination

Meaning

The complete removal or destruction of something.

Example

The elimination of emissions is a priority.

B2 noun /ˈɛθɪks/

ethics

Meaning

moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conduct of an activity

Example

Business ethics require companies to act fairly and responsibly.

B2 noun ˈekwɪti

equity

Meaning

The value of the shares issued by a company.

Example

Owning equity in a company can yield significant returns.

B2 adjective ˌiːvəˈluːʃənəri

evolutionary

Meaning

Relating to or denoting the gradual development of something, especially from a simple to a more complex form.

Example

The evolutionary changes in species are fascinating.

B2 adjective /ɪkˈsprɛsɪv/

expressive

Meaning

Effectively conveying thought or feeling.

Example

Her eyes were so expressive that no words were needed.

B2 verb /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ/

engaging

Meaning

Participating or becoming involved in; occupying or attracting someone's interest or attention.

Example

Engaging youth in education is essential.

B2 noun /ɪkˈspəʊʒər/

exposure

Meaning

the state of being exposed to contact with something, especially harmful

Example

Prolonged exposure to the sun can damage your skin.

B2 verb /ɪˈreɪs/

erase

Meaning

to remove completely; to delete or wipe out

Example

Use an eraser to erase the pencil marks.

B2 noun /ˈɜːθ.wɜːm/

Earth-worm

Meaning

a segmented worm that lives in soil and helps decompose organic matter

Example

The gardener was happy to find many earthworms in the soil.

B2 noun /ˈek.oʊ/

Echo

Meaning

a sound that is reflected back; a repetition or imitation

Example

His voice created a clear echo in the empty cathedral.

B2 adjective ˈɛvɪdənt

evident

Meaning

Clearly seen or understood; obvious.

Example

The result was evident.

B2 verb /ɪkˈskleɪm/

exclaim

Meaning

to cry out suddenly in surprise, strong emotion, or excitement

Example

She exclaimed with joy when she saw the gift.

B2 verb /ɪˈvoʊk/

evoke

Meaning

to bring a feeling, memory, or image into the mind

Example

The old song evoked memories of her childhood.

B2 verb /ɛksˈheɪl/

exhale

Meaning

to breathe out air from the lungs

Example

She slowly exhaled after holding her breath.

B2 verb /ɪnˈvɪʒən/

envision

Meaning

to imagine or picture something in the future; to visualize a possibility or goal

Example

She envisions a world where everyone has equal access to education.

B2 adjective /ɪnˈtaɪtəld/

entitled

Meaning

having the right to do or have something; feeling deserving of special treatment

Example

Employees are entitled to paid leave.

B2 noun /ɪnˈθuziæst/

enthusiast

Meaning

a person who is very interested in a particular activity or subject

Example

He is a football enthusiast and watches every match.

B2 noun /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈmuːvmənt/

environmental movement

Meaning

A social or political movement aimed at protecting the environment and promoting sustainable practices through advocacy, education, and policy changes.

Example

The environmental movement focuses on reducing pollution and protecting ecosystems.

B2 noun /ˈaɪ.lɪd/

Eyelid

Meaning

either of the upper or lower folds of skin that cover the eye when closed

Example

Her eyelids felt heavy with sleep.

B2 noun /ɪkˈsploʊʒən/

explosion

Meaning

a violent burst or release of energy, often causing damage and noise

Example

The explosion shook the entire neighborhood.

B2 noun /ˈaɪ.saɪt/

Eyesight

Meaning

the ability to see; vision

Example

Regular eye checkups are important for maintaining good eyesight.

B2 adjective /ɪˈven.tʃu.əl/

Eventual

Meaning

happening or existing at the end of a process; final; ultimate

Example

The eventual outcome was better than expected.

B2 verb /ɪkˈspaɪər/

expire

Meaning

to come to an end, especially a period of validity or life

Example

My passport will expire next month.

B2 noun /ˈɛmɪɡrənt/

emigrant

Meaning

A person who leaves their own country to settle permanently in another.

Example

The emigrant started a new life in Canada.

B2 noun /ɪˈmɜːrdʒəns/

emergence

Meaning

the process of coming into view, existence, or prominence

Example

The emergence of new technologies has transformed communication.

B2 noun /ˌɒn.trə.prəˈnɜːr/

Entrepreneur

Meaning

a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses

Example

The young entrepreneur started her own tech company at age 22.

B2 noun /ˈɛksələns/

excellence

Meaning

the quality of being outstanding or extremely good

Example

The school is known for its academic excellence.

B2 verb /ɪˈmɪt/

emit

Meaning

to send out something such as light, heat, sound, or gas

Example

The factory emits smoke into the atmosphere.

B2 noun /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/

expertise

Meaning

Expert knowledge or skill in a particular area.

Example

His expertise in graphic design is widely recognized.

B2 verb /ɪmˈbɛd/

embed

Meaning

to fix something firmly into a surrounding mass or context

Example

The journalist was embedded with the military unit.

B2 noun ɪˈmɪʃ.ənz

emissions

Meaning

The production and discharge of something, especially gas, heat, light, or radiation.

Example

Carbon emissions are rising globally.

B2 noun /ˌek.spɪˈdɪʃ.ən/

Expedition

Meaning

a journey undertaken by a group of people with a particular purpose; organized trip for exploration

Example

The mountain climbing expedition required months of careful planning and preparation.

B2 adjective /ɪnˈdjʊər.ɪŋ/

Enduring

Meaning

lasting; permanent; continuing for a long time

Example

Their enduring friendship lasted for decades.

B2 verb ɪnˈhɑːnst

enhanced

Meaning

Intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of something.

Example

Enhanced strategies improve outcomes.

B2 verb /ɪˈrʌpt/

erupt

Meaning

to burst forth suddenly and violently

Example

The volcano erupted after centuries of dormancy.

B2 verb/noun /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/

exhibit

Meaning

To display or show publicly; something put on display.

Example

The museum will exhibit ancient artifacts.

B2 adjective /ɪkˈstræv.ə.ɡənt/

Extravagant

Meaning

spending much more than is necessary; wasteful; lacking restraint in spending

Example

His extravagant lifestyle included expensive cars and luxury vacations.

B2 verb /ɪnˈroʊl/

enroll

Meaning

to officially join or register in a school, course, or organization

Example

He decided to enroll in a computer programming course.

B2 verb /ɪkˈsiːd/

exceed

Meaning

to go beyond a limit or expectation

Example

The athlete exceeded everyone's expectations by winning the gold medal.

B2 noun ˈiːkoʊˌtʊrɪzəm

Eco-tourism

Meaning

A form of tourism involving responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people.

Example

Eco-tourism promotes responsible travel to natural areas.

B2 adjective /ˈɛv.ə.ɡriːn/

evergreen

Meaning

Remaining green and functional throughout the year; not shedding leaves seasonally.

Example

Evergreen trees like pine and fir stay green year-round.

B2 noun /ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/

establishment

Meaning

An organization, business, or system; the act of setting something up.

Example

The restaurant is a new establishment in town.

B2 noun ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃən

evaluation

Meaning

The making of a judgment about the amount, number, or value of something; assessment.

Example

Accurate evaluation helps determine resource sustainability.

B2 noun ˈɛmpəθi

empathy

Meaning

The ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.

Example

Empathy helps students connect with society.

B2 noun /ˈes.əns/

Essence

Meaning

the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something

Example

The essence of good teaching is the ability to inspire students.

B2 noun /ˈɛθɪk/

ethic

Meaning

a set of moral principles, especially ones relating to a particular group, system, or profession

Example

He has a strong work ethic and always meets deadlines.

B2 verb /ɪnˈdɔːrs/

endorse

Meaning

To give approval or support to someone or something; to publicly recommend.

Example

The celebrity endorsed the new skincare product.

B2 verb /ɪnˈdeɪndʒər/

endanger

Meaning

To put someone or something at risk or in danger.

Example

Cutting down forests can endanger many species of animals.