adept
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN English BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Spanish FR French DE German RU Russian ZH Chinese JA Japanese
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C1 adjective /əˈdɛpt/

adept

Meaning
Very skilled or proficient at something.
Example
She is adept at solving complex mathematical problems.
C1 noun /ˈæmplɪtjuːd/

amplitude

Meaning
the maximum extent of a vibration or oscillation, or the size of something
Example
The amplitude of the earthquake was measured on the Richter scale.
C1 verb /ˈæɡənaɪz/

agonize

Meaning
To suffer extreme physical or mental pain; to spend time worrying.
Example
She agonized for days over whether she had made the right decision.
C1 adjective/adverb /əˈmɪs/

amiss

Meaning
Not quite right; inappropriate or out of place.
Example
Something seems amiss with the car's engine.
C1 noun ˌɔːɡ.menˈteɪ.ʃən

augmentation

Meaning
Increasing quantity, power or performance.
Example
The company invested in the augmentation of its workforce.
C1 verb /əˈkwɪt/

acquit

Meaning
to declare someone not guilty of a criminal charge; to conduct oneself in a specified way
Example
The jury decided to acquit the defendant of all charges.
C1 noun /ˈeɪθiɪzəm/

atheism

Meaning
The belief that there is no God or gods.
Example
He declared his atheism openly despite social pressure.
C1 noun /ɑːrˈmɑːdə/

armada

Meaning
A large fleet of warships.
Example
The Spanish Armada sailed against England in 1588.
C1 noun /ˌænəsˈθetɪk/

anesthetic

Meaning
A substance that causes loss of sensation or consciousness, especially used during surgery.
Example
The doctor administered a local anesthetic before stitching the wound.
C1 adjective /ˈænsɪləri/

ancillary

Meaning
providing necessary support to the main system or organization
Example
The company provides ancillary services to the healthcare industry.
C1 noun /əˈsem.bli ˈseʃ.ən/

assembly session

Meaning
A formal meeting where representatives gather to discuss and make decisions on important matters.
Example
The assembly session discussed global challenges.
C1 adjective /ˈɛərˌtaɪt/

airtight

Meaning
Completely sealed so that no air can get in or out.
Example
Store the cookies in an airtight container to keep them fresh.
C1 noun /ˈænərki/

anarchy

Meaning
a state of disorder due to the absence or failure of government or authority
Example
The collapse of the regime led to anarchy in the streets.
C1 noun ˌæf.ɔːr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən

afforestation

Meaning
The action of planting trees on an area of land in order to form a forest.
Example
Afforestation helps restore biodiversity.
C1 noun /ˈæbət/

abbot

Meaning
The head of a monastery for monks.
Example
The abbot welcomed the visitors to the monastery.
C1 noun /ˈæbsɛs/

abscess

Meaning
A swollen area within body tissue containing pus, usually caused by infection.
Example
The dentist treated the abscess in his tooth.
C1 noun /ˌɑːr.kəˈpɛl.əˌɡoʊ/

archipelago

Meaning
A group of islands clustered together in a body of water.
Example
Indonesia is an archipelago with thousands of islands.
C1 verb /ˈædʒ.ɪ.teɪt/

agitate

Meaning
to stir up feelings or disturb; to campaign for change
Example
The protesters agitated for better working conditions.
C1 noun /ˈɑː.kɪ.taɪp/

archetype

Meaning
A very typical example of a certain person or thing; an original model or prototype.
Example
This painting is the archetype of modern art.
C1 adverb /əˈkjuːtli/

acutely

Meaning
in a sharp, intense, or severe way; with keen awareness
Example
She was acutely aware of the risks involved.
C1 adjective, verb /ˈeɪlɪŋ/

ailing

Meaning
suffering from illness or poor health; experiencing problems or decline
Example
The ailing patient slowly began to recover after treatment.
C1 adjective eɪˈsɪŋ.krə.nəs

asynchronous

Meaning
Of or requiring a form of computer control timing protocol in which a specific operation begins upon receipt of an indication that the preceding operation has been completed.
Example
Asynchronous courses allow students to learn at their own pace.
C1 verb /ˈeɪ.li.ə.neɪt/

alienate

Meaning
To make someone feel isolated or estranged; to cause someone to become unfriendly.
Example
His rude behavior alienated many of his friends.
C1 noun /əˈtaɪər/

attire

Meaning
Clothing, especially formal or elegant wear.
Example
She wore traditional attire at the wedding ceremony.
C1 verb /əˈdʒɔɪn/

adjoin

Meaning
To be next to and joined with something.
Example
Their house adjoins the park.
C1 noun /ˌɔːkʃəˈnɪər/

auctioneer

Meaning
a person who conducts auctions by calling out bids and selling items to the highest bidder
Example
The auctioneer quickly raised the price as bidders competed for the painting.
C1 verb /əˈnʌl/

annul

Meaning
to declare something legally invalid or cancel it
Example
The court decided to annul the marriage due to fraud.
C1 noun /ˈɔːnɪŋ/

awning

Meaning
a sheet of canvas or material stretched on a frame to shelter a place from the sun or rain
Example
We sat under the awning to avoid the heavy rain.
C1 preposition /əˈtɒp/

atop

Meaning
on the top of something
Example
A flag was placed atop the tower.
C1 noun /əˈpɒlədʒɪst/

apologist

Meaning
a person who defends or justifies something, often a controversial belief or institution
Example
He is known as an apologist for authoritarian regimes.
C1 adjective /iːsˈθɛθɪkəl/

aesthetical

Meaning
concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty; related to artistic taste or appearance
Example
The architect focused on the aesthetical balance of the building.
C1 adjective /ˈɔːdəˌtɔːri/

auditory

Meaning
Relating to the sense of hearing.
Example
The lecture was designed to enhance students' auditory learning skills.
C1 adverb /əˈtroʊʃəsli/

atrociously

Meaning
in a very cruel, shocking, or extremely bad manner
Example
The service at the restaurant was atrociously slow.
C1 adjective /ˈæmərəs/

amorous

Meaning
Showing, feeling, or relating to romantic love or desire.
Example
He sent her an amorous letter filled with declarations of love.
C1 noun /ɑːˌtɪkjʊˈleɪʃən/

articulation

Meaning
The action of putting into words an idea or feeling of a specified type.
Example
His articulation during the debate impressed everyone.
C1 adjective /ˈækʃənəbl̩/

actionable

Meaning
Able to be acted on or giving sufficient reason for legal action.
Example
The lawyer confirmed that the evidence was actionable in court.
C1 adverb /əˈfrɛʃ/

afresh

Meaning
From the beginning, in a new way.
Example
After the failure, they started the project afresh.
C1 adjective /ˈɑːr.dənt/

Ardent

Meaning
very enthusiastic; passionate; fervent
Example
She is an ardent supporter of environmental conservation.
C1 noun əˌkred.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən

accreditation

Meaning
The action or process of officially recognizing someone or something as having a particular status or being qualified to perform a particular activity.
Example
Accreditation ensures institutional credibility.
C1 noun /ˌævɒ̃ˈɡɑːrd/

avantgarde

Meaning
people or works that are innovative, experimental, and ahead of their time
Example
The avantgarde of the 20th century reshaped modern art.
C1 noun /əˈsɛsər/

assessor

Meaning
a person who evaluates or estimates the nature, ability, or quality of something
Example
An external assessor reviewed the project report.
C1 noun æmˈbɪvələns

ambivalence

Meaning
Having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something; uncertainty or confusion.
Example
She felt ambivalence about taking the job offer.
C1 noun /ˈæpərtʃər/

aperture

Meaning
an opening, hole, or gap, especially one that lets in light
Example
Light entered through the small aperture in the wall.
C1 adjective /ˈædəmənt/

Adamant

Meaning
একগুঁয়ে; জেদী; দৃঢ়সংকল্প; অনমনীয়;
Example
She was adamant about her decision to leave the company.
C1 adjective /əˌpɒk.əˈlɪp.tɪk/

apocalyptic

Meaning
Describing the end of the world, or something catastrophic and disastrous.
Example
The movie depicts an apocalyptic future after a nuclear war.
C1 adjective /əˈdɒptɪv/

adoptive

Meaning
relating to the adoption of a child or the act of taking something as one’s own
Example
She grew up in a loving adoptive family.
C1 noun /aɪ/

aye

Meaning
an affirmative vote or expression of agreement
Example
The committee voted aye on the proposal.
C1 noun /ˌæn.əˈnɪm.ə.ti/

anonymity

Meaning
The state of being anonymous; having one's identity kept secret or unknown.
Example
Online anonymity protects users from cyber threats.
C1 adjective /əˈfɜːrmətɪv/

affirmative

Meaning
expressing agreement, approval, or a positive response
Example
She gave an affirmative answer to the proposal.
C1 noun /əˈbreɪʒən/

abrasion

Meaning
a scrape or wearing away of the skin or surface due to friction
Example
He suffered a minor abrasion on his knee after falling.
C1 noun /əˈsæsɪn/

Assassin

Meaning
a person who murders an important person for political or religious reasons
Example
The president was protected from potential assassins by security guards.
C1 verb /əˈluːd/

allude

Meaning
To refer to something indirectly or casually.
Example
The professor alluded to Shakespeare during the lecture.
C1 adjective /əˈniːmɪk/

anemic

Meaning
Suffering from anemia; lacking in vitality, strength, or color.
Example
The doctor prescribed iron supplements for her anemic condition.
C1 adjective, noun /əbˈzɔːrbənt/

absorbent

Meaning
able to soak up liquid, moisture, or energy easily; a material or substance that absorbs
Example
This towel is highly absorbent and dries quickly.
C1 verb /ˈænɪmeɪt/

animate

Meaning
to bring to life or make lively; to create animation for films or cartoons
Example
The artist will animate the characters for the movie.
C1 adverb /iːsˈθetɪkli/

aesthetically

Meaning
in a way that is concerned with beauty or visual appeal
Example
The building is aesthetically pleasing despite its simple design.
C1 adjective ˈeɪlɪəneɪtɪd

alienated

Meaning
Feeling isolated or estranged; disconnected from others or society.
Example
Alienated students are more prone to delinquency.
C1 noun /əˈflɪkʃən/

affliction

Meaning
a state of pain, suffering, or distress
Example
Poverty is a common affliction in many parts of the world.
C1 noun /ˈæl.kə.laɪ/

alkali

Meaning
a soluble base substance, typically with a pH greater than 7, that neutralizes acids
Example
Soap contains alkali which helps remove grease.
C1 adjective /ˌæl.ɡəˈrɪð.mɪk/

algorithmic

Meaning
Based on or using algorithms; relating to mathematical rules or procedures.
Example
Algorithmic processes power artificial intelligence systems.
C1 adjective /əˈɡæst/

aghast

Meaning
filled with shock or horror
Example
The audience was aghast at the tragic scene.
C1 adjective /əˈwɒʃ/

awash

Meaning
covered or flooded with water or something in large quantities
Example
The market was awash with cheap imported goods.
C1 adjective /əˈnɒmələs/

anomalous

Meaning
deviating from what is standard, normal, or expected
Example
Scientists observed an anomalous result during the experiment.
C1 verb /ˈæbdɪkeɪt/

abdicate

Meaning
To give up a position of power or responsibility, especially a throne.
Example
The king decided to abdicate the throne.
C1 adverb /əˈbrɛst/

abreast

Meaning
side by side and facing the same direction; informed about something
Example
The soldiers marched two abreast down the street.
C1 adjective /ˌeɪˈtɪpɪkəl/

atypical

Meaning
not representative of a type, group, or class; unusual or abnormal
Example
The doctor said it was an atypical case of the disease.
C1 noun /æbˈstrækʃən/

abstraction

Meaning
the process of forming general ideas by removing specific details; an abstract concept or idea
Example
Abstraction allows complex ideas to be represented in a simplified form.
C1 adverb /əˈlɒft/

aloft

Meaning
Up in or into the air; overhead.
Example
The kite was flying aloft in the clear sky.
C1 verb /əˈpɛnd/

append

Meaning
to add something as an attachment or supplement, usually at the end of a document or list
Example
She decided to append a note to the end of the report.
C1 noun /əˈsɛndənsi/

ascendancy

Meaning
A position of power, influence, or control over others.
Example
The company gained ascendancy in the market through innovation.
C1 noun /əˈdʒɪl.ɪ.ti/

agility

Meaning
Ability to work quickly and easily, both physically and mentally.
Example
Mental agility is essential for problem-solving.
C1 adjective /əˈmiːnəbl/

amenable

Meaning
willing to cooperate or be influenced; open to suggestions
Example
She was amenable to the idea of working longer hours.
C1 noun əˈniː.mi.ə

anemia

Meaning
A condition in which there is a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood.
Example
Genetic therapy addresses anemia effectively.
C1 noun /ˈævətɑːr/

avatar

Meaning
an icon or figure representing a person in digital contexts; in Hinduism, a divine incarnation
Example
She changed her social media avatar to a new cartoon image.
C1 noun ˌæp.əˈreɪ.təs

apparatus

Meaning
The technical equipment or machinery needed for a particular activity or purpose.
Example
The apparatus was designed to be eco-friendly.
C1 noun, verb /əˈsɛnt/

assent

Meaning
To agree to something, especially after careful consideration; an expression of approval.
Example
She nodded her head in silent assent.
C1 noun /əˈtoʊnmənt/

atonement

Meaning
the act of making amends for a wrong, sin, or injury
Example
The festival was celebrated as a day of atonement.
C1 adjective /ˈeɪmləs/

Aimless

Meaning
without purpose or direction; lacking a goal
Example
He wandered around the city in an aimless manner.
C1 noun ˌæɡ.rəʊˈkem.ɪ.kəl

agrochemical

Meaning
A chemical product used in agriculture, especially a pesticide or fertilizer.
Example
Excessive use of agrochemicals can degrade soil quality.
C1 verb /ədˈmɒnɪʃ/

admonish

Meaning
to warn or reprimand someone firmly; to advise or urge earnestly
Example
The teacher admonished the students for being late.
C1 noun /ˈædɪdʒ/

adage

Meaning
a short, well-known saying that expresses a general truth or piece of advice
Example
The old adage says that honesty is the best policy.
C1 noun /ədˈmɪtəns/

admittance

Meaning
the process or fact of entering or being allowed to enter a place
Example
No admittance without a valid ticket.
C1 adjective /ˈeɪ.mi.ə.bəl/

Amiable

Meaning
friendly and pleasant; good-natured; kind
Example
My neighbor is very amiable and always greets everyone warmly.
C1 noun /ˈælkəmi/

alchemy

Meaning
A medieval practice combining elements of chemistry and philosophy, aimed at transforming matter, especially turning base metals into gold.
Example
Medieval scientists devoted their lives to alchemy.
C1 noun /ɔːˈrɔːrə/

aurora

Meaning
A natural display of lights in the sky, usually seen in polar regions.
Example
We traveled to Norway to see the northern aurora.
C1 noun /ˈæpəθi/

apathy

Meaning
a lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern
Example
The students showed apathy towards the new rules.
C1 verb /əˈkrɛdɪt/

accredit

Meaning
to officially recognize, authorize, or approve someone or something
Example
The university is accredited by the national education board.
C1 adjective /æbˈdɑː.mə.nəl/

abdominal

Meaning
relating to the abdomen (the part of the body between the chest and pelvis)
Example
He complained of severe abdominal pain.
C1 adjective /ˈæv.ɪd/

avid

Meaning
having an eager desire or enthusiasm for something
Example
She is an avid reader of mystery novels.
C1 adjective ˈɑː.dʒu.əs

arduous

Meaning
Involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring.
Example
The trek through the mountains was an arduous journey.
C1 noun /əˈlʌmnəs/

alumnus

Meaning
a former student or graduate of a school, college, or university
Example
He is an alumnus of Harvard University.
C1 noun, verb /ˈɔːtɒpsi/

autopsy

Meaning
a post-mortem examination to discover the cause of death or the extent of disease
Example
The autopsy revealed that the victim had died from poisoning.
C1 adjective /ˌeɪˈmɔːrəl/

amoral

Meaning
Lacking a moral sense; unconcerned with rightness or wrongness of something.
Example
The character in the novel was portrayed as completely amoral.
C1 noun /əˈfɪn.ɪ.ti/

affinity

Meaning
A natural liking for or attraction to a person, thing, idea, etc.
Example
She has an affinity for classical music.
C1 noun /əˈkʌmplɪs/

accomplice

Meaning
a person who helps another commit a crime
Example
The thief was arrested along with his accomplice.
C1 noun /ˈæptɪˌtjuːd/

aptitude

Meaning
a natural ability or talent to do something well
Example
She has a strong aptitude for learning new languages.
C1 verb /əˈlɒt/

allot

Meaning
to give or assign something, often a share or portion, to someone
Example
Each student was allotted ten minutes to present.
C1 noun /ˌænɛkˈseɪʃən/

annexation

Meaning
the act of adding or taking control of territory or property, especially by a state
Example
The annexation of the region led to international condemnation.
C1 verb /əbˈdʌkt/

abduct

Meaning
to take someone away illegally by force or deception
Example
The criminal tried to abduct the child in broad daylight.
C1 noun /əˈstrɑː.lə.dʒər/

Astrologer

Meaning
a person who studies astrology and makes predictions based on the positions of stars and planets
Example
The astrologer predicted good fortune in her future.
C1 noun /əˈpærəl/

apparel

Meaning
Clothing, especially formal or special clothes.
Example
The store specializes in wedding apparel.
C1 adjective /ɔːˈtʌmnəl/

autumnal

Meaning
relating to or characteristic of autumn; occurring in autumn
Example
The autumnal colors of red and gold filled the forest.
C1 adjective /əˈbɪzməl/

abysmal

Meaning
extremely bad or appalling
Example
The team's performance was abysmal.
C1 adjective /ˌæprɪˈhɛnsɪv/

apprehensive

Meaning
feeling anxious or fearful that something bad will happen
Example
He was apprehensive about starting a new job in a foreign country.
C1 noun /ˈɑːrdər/

ardor

Meaning
Great enthusiasm or passion.
Example
She spoke with ardor about her new project.
C1 adjective /əˈbreɪsɪv/

abrasive

Meaning
harsh, rough, or capable of wearing down by rubbing
Example
His abrasive tone made everyone uncomfortable.
C1 noun /ˈæntənɪm/

antonym

Meaning
A word opposite in meaning to another.
Example
‘Hot’ is the antonym of ‘cold’.
C1 noun/verb /ˈætrəfi/

atrophy

Meaning
a decrease in size or wasting away of a body part, tissue, or ability due to lack of use
Example
Without regular exercise, muscles may atrophy over time.
C1 noun /ˈæftərˌθɔːt/

afterthought

Meaning
Something added or considered later than originally planned.
Example
The gift seemed like an afterthought rather than a genuine gesture.
C1 verb /əˈtɛst/

attest

Meaning
To provide or serve as clear evidence of; to confirm or certify the truth of something.
Example
The witness attested to the accuracy of the report.
C1 verb /əˈpreɪz/

appraise

Meaning
to evaluate the value, quality, or importance of something
Example
The jeweler appraised the diamond before buying it.
C1 adjective /ˈɔːbərn/

auburn

Meaning
reddish-brown in color, especially used to describe hair
Example
She has long auburn hair that shines in the sunlight.
C1 noun /əˈrɪs.tə.kræt/

Aristocrat

Meaning
a member of the aristocracy; a person of noble rank or birth
Example
The aristocrat lived in a magnificent castle.
C1 noun /əˈkʌmpənɪmənt/

accompaniment

Meaning
Something that goes together with or complements another thing, often music or food.
Example
The dish was served with a spicy sauce as an accompaniment.
C1 adjective /ˈæʃən/

ashen

Meaning
Very pale in appearance, often due to shock, fear, or illness.
Example
His face turned ashen when he heard the terrible news.
C1 adjective /ˌæntiˈsleɪvəri/

antislavery

Meaning
Opposed to the practice or system of slavery.
Example
The antislavery movement gained momentum in the 19th century.
C1 adjective /ˈædʒ.aɪl/

agile

Meaning
able to move quickly and easily; quick and adaptable in thinking or action
Example
The startup team was agile in responding to market changes.
C1 verb /əˈbɔːrt/

abort

Meaning
to stop a process or action before it is completed; to end a pregnancy deliberately
Example
The pilot decided to abort the mission due to bad weather.
C1 noun /əˌtɜːni ˈdʒɛnərəl/

attorney-general

Meaning
The chief legal officer of a state or country.
Example
The attorney-general announced new reforms to strengthen justice.
C1 verb /eɪl/

ail

Meaning
to be ill or suffer from a physical or mental problem; to trouble or afflict
Example
She has been ailing since last winter.
C1 noun /ˌæɡ.rəˈveɪ.ʃən/

aggravation

Meaning
The act of making a situation worse or the state of being worsened.
Example
The delay caused great aggravation for the passengers.