B1 adjective /ˈsæt.ɪs.fæk.tər.i/

Satisfactory

удовлетворительный

Meaning

acceptable; meeting requirements; adequate

Example

The test results were satisfactory.

Результаты испытаний были удовлетворительными.

B1 adjective /sɪnˈsɪər/

Sincere

искренний; подлинный; без притворства

Meaning

honest and genuine in expressing feelings; free from pretense or deceit

Example

She gave me a sincere apology for her mistake.

Она извинилась искренне за свою ошибку.

B1 noun /ˈseɪ.vɪŋz/

savings

сбережения

Meaning

Money that is saved, especially in a bank or official scheme for future use.

Example

Many people invest their savings in real estate.

Многие люди инвестируют свои сбережения в недвижимость.

B1 adjective /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

significant

значительный

Meaning

Sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention; noteworthy.

Example

Social media has a significant impact on relationships.

Социальные сети оказывают значительное влияние на отношения.

B1 verb /spred/

spread

распространять

Meaning

to extend over a larger area; to distribute; to apply

Example

The news spread quickly through the town.

Новости быстро распространились по городу.

B1 verb /stiːl/

steal

красть

Meaning

to take something without permission; to rob

Example

It's wrong to steal from others.

Неправильно воровать у других.

B1 noun /ˈsʌməri/

summary

резюме

Meaning

A brief statement of the main points of something.

Example

She wrote a summary of the book for her class.

Она написала резюме книги для своего класса.

B1 noun ˈsɪs.təmz

systems

системы

Meaning

A set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole.

Example

Effective systems improve productivity.

Эффективные системы улучшают продуктивность.

B1 noun /ˈstʌmək eɪk/

stomach ache

боль в животе

Meaning

Pain in the stomach or abdominal area

Example

I have a stomach ache after eating too much.

У меня болит живот после того, как я переел.

B1 noun/adjective /ˈsmoʊ.kɪŋ/

smoking

курение

Meaning

The act of inhaling and exhaling the smoke of tobacco or other substances; wearing a tuxedo (adjective, formal context).

Example

Smoking is prohibited inside the building.

Курение запрещено внутри здания.

B1 noun /ʃrɪmp/

Shrimp

креветка

Meaning

a small marine crustacean with a slender body and long legs

Example

We ordered grilled shrimp with garlic butter for dinner.

Мы заказали жареных креветок с чесночным маслом на ужин.

B1 adjective /strɪkt/

Strict

строгий; требующий точного соблюдения правил

Meaning

demanding exact conformity to rules; severe; rigorous

Example

The teacher is very strict about homework deadlines.

Учитель очень строгий относительно сроков сдачи домашних заданий.

B1 adjective /ˈsoʊ kɔːld/

so-called

так называемый

Meaning

referred to as or known by a particular name or title, often misleadingly

Example

The so-called expert couldn't answer the question.

Так называемый эксперт не смог ответить на вопрос.

B1 adjective /ˈspaɪ.si/

Spicy

острый

Meaning

having a strong, hot flavor from spices; containing spices

Example

This curry is too spicy for me to eat.

Это карри слишком острое для меня.

B1 noun /ʃɑːrk/

Shark

акула

Meaning

a large marine fish with sharp teeth and a cartilaginous skeleton

Example

The shark is a powerful predator of the ocean.

Акула — мощный хищник океана.

B1 noun /ʃeɪm/

Shame

стыд

Meaning

a painful feeling of humiliation or distress; something regrettable

Example

He felt deep shame for his dishonest behavior at work.

Он почувствовал глубокий стыд за свое нечестное поведение на работе.

B1 noun /ˈsmoʊkər/

smoker

курильщик

Meaning

A person who smokes tobacco or other substances

Example

He is a heavy smoker and tries to quit every year.

Он заядлый курильщик и пытается бросить каждый год.

B1 verb /sərˈvaɪv/

survive

выжить

Meaning

To continue to live or exist after a difficult event or situation.

Example

He managed to survive the storm.

Он смог выжить во время шторма.

B1 verb /swɪtʃ/

switch

переключить

Meaning

to change from one thing to another; to exchange or replace

Example

I switched from coffee to tea.

Я переключился с кофе на чай.

B1 noun /ˈslɪpər/

Slipper

тапочка

Meaning

light, comfortable shoe without a back, worn indoors

Example

She put on her slippers before walking around the house.

Она надела тапочки перед тем, как прогуляться по дому.

B1 noun /ˈsteɪt.mənt/

Statement

заявление

Meaning

a definite or clear expression of something in speech or writing; an official account of facts

Example

The CEO issued a statement about the company's future plans.

Генеральный директор сделал заявление о будущих планах компании.

B1 noun /ˈsɪɡ.nəl/

Signal

сигнал

Meaning

a gesture, action, or sound that conveys information or instruction

Example

The traffic signal turned red, so we stopped.

Светофор стал красным, поэтому мы остановились.

B1 noun /ˈspiːʃiːz/

Species

вид; род

Meaning

a group of living organisms that can reproduce with each other; a type or kind

Example

The Amazon rainforest is home to thousands of animal species.

Амазонский дождевой лес является домом для тысяч видов животных.

B1 verb /ˈsɪzər/

scissor

резать ножницами

Meaning

to cut with or as if with scissors

Example

The tailor scissored the fabric neatly.

Портной аккуратно нарезал ткань.

B1 noun /ˈspɪn.ɪtʃ/

Spinach

шпинат

Meaning

a vegetable with large dark green leaves that are eaten cooked or uncooked

Example

Fresh spinach is very nutritious.

Свежий шпинат очень питателен.

B1 adverb /spəˈsɪfɪkli/

specifically

специально

Meaning

in a clear and exact way

Example

He was specifically asked to handle the finances.

Его специально попросили заняться финансами.

B1 verb /stretʃ/

stretch

растягивать

Meaning

to extend or expand; to make or become longer or wider

Example

Athletes stretch their muscles before exercising.

Атлеты растягивают свои мышцы перед тренировкой.

B1 verb /stɛə/

stare

пристально смотреть

Meaning

to look at something with a fixed gaze

Example

She stared at the painting for hours.

Она пристально смотрела на картину часами.

B1 noun /ˈstætʃuː/

Statue

трехмерное произведение искусства, обычно из камня, металла или дерева

Meaning

a three-dimensional work of art, typically made of stone, metal, or wood

Example

The statue of liberty is a famous landmark in New York.

Статуя Свободы - знаменитая достопримечательность в Нью-Йорке.

B1 noun /ˈsɛkrəteri/

secretary

секретарь

Meaning

a person employed to handle correspondence and manage routine tasks for an individual or organization

Example

The secretary scheduled the meeting for tomorrow.

Секретарь запланировал встречу на завтра.

B1 noun /swiːt pəˈteɪtoʊ/

Sweet potato

сладкий картофель

Meaning

A root vegetable with sweet flesh, typically orange or purple in color

Example

Roasted sweet potato makes a healthy and delicious side dish.

Жареный сладкий картофель - это полезное и вкусное блюдо.

B1 noun, verb /ˈseɪ.lɪŋ/

sailing

парусный спорт

Meaning

The act of traveling in a boat or ship using sails; the sport or activity of navigating a boat with sails.

Example

We went sailing on the lake during the summer.

Мы летом ходили на озере под парусами.

B1 adjective /ˈsensəbəl/

Sensible

разумный; практичный; благоразумный

Meaning

having or showing good sense; practical and reasonable

Example

It would be sensible to take an umbrella because it might rain.

Будет разумно взять зонт, так как может пойти дождь.

B1 noun /sleɪv/

slave

раб

Meaning

a person who is the legal property of another and is forced to work for them

Example

The abolitionist movement fought for the rights of slaves.

Аборигенистское движение боролось за права рабов.

B1 noun /sɒk/

sock

носки

Meaning

a piece of clothing worn on the foot and lower part of the leg.

Example

He put on a pair of clean socks before leaving the house.

Он надел пару чистых носок перед тем, как выйти из дома.

B1 verb/adjective /sɪˈkjʊər/

secure

обезопасить

Meaning

to make safe or protect; to fix something firmly in place

Example

Please secure the door before you leave.

Пожалуйста, закрепите дверь, прежде чем уйдете.

B1 noun, verb /skiːm/

scheme

план / заговор

Meaning

a plan or arrangement, especially one that is secret or dishonest

Example

They devised a scheme to cheat investors.

Они разработали схему, чтобы обмануть инвесторов.

B1 noun /seɪnt/

Saint

человек, признанный святым или добродетельным; очень добрый или терпеливый человек

Meaning

person recognized as holy or virtuous; very kind or patient person

Example

Mother Teresa was declared a saint by the Catholic Church.

Мать Тереза была канонизирована католической церковью.

B1 noun /səˈpɔːtər/

supporter

сторонник

Meaning

a person who supports someone or something

Example

She is a strong supporter of the local animal shelter.

Она является сильным сторонником местного приюта для животных.

B1 noun /ˈʃæd.oʊ/

Shadow

тень

Meaning

a dark area where light is blocked by something; a person's silhouette

Example

The tree cast a long shadow across the garden in the evening.

Дерево отбрасывало длинную тень через сад вечером.

B1 noun /ˈsiː.hɔːrs/

Sea-horse

морской конёк

Meaning

a small marine fish with segmented bony armor, an upright posture, and a curled prehensile tail

Example

The seahorse gracefully floated among the coral reefs.

Морской конёк грациозно плавал среди коралловых рифов.

B1 noun /ˈswɛtʃɜːrt/

sweatshirt

свитшот

Meaning

A casual, long-sleeved pullover garment, typically made of cotton or fleece, worn for warmth or comfort.

Example

He wore a grey sweatshirt while jogging in the park.

Он носил серый свэтшёрт во время пробежки в парке.

B1 noun /sʌm/

sum

сумма

Meaning

the total amount resulting from the addition of two or more numbers or items

Example

The sum of 8 and 12 is 20.

Сумма 8 и 12 равна 20.

B1 noun /ˈsɛtʌp/

setup

настройка

Meaning

an arrangement of things or the way in which something is organized or prepared

Example

The setup of the event took hours to complete.

Настройка мероприятия заняла несколько часов.

B1 noun /soʊl/

Soul

душа

Meaning

the spiritual or immaterial essence of a human being or animal; a person's emotional or intellectual nature

Example

She poured her heart and soul into her artwork.

Она вложила своё сердце и душу в своё произведение искусства.

B1 noun, verb /strɪŋ/

string

шнур

Meaning

a thin piece of cord or thread; to tie or fasten with a string

Example

She tied the package with a string.

Она завязала пакет шнурком.

B1 noun /slaɪd/

Slide

горка

Meaning

a smooth surface for sliding down; a piece of playground equipment

Example

The children enjoyed playing on the slide at the park.

Дети наслаждались игрой на горке в парке.

B1 verb /siːl/

seal

печатать, закрывать

Meaning

to close or secure something tightly or officially confirm something

Example

He sealed the envelope before sending the letter.

Он запечатал конверт перед отправкой письма.

B1 adjective /spəˈsɪfɪk/

specific

конкретный

Meaning

Clearly defined or identified; particular; exact.

Example

Make a specific plan to beat procrastination.

Составьте конкретный план, чтобы победить прокрастинацию.

B1 verb /sɪˈlekt/

select

выбирать

Meaning

to choose from a number of alternatives; to pick out

Example

Please select your favorite color.

Пожалуйста, выберите ваш любимый цвет.

B1 noun /ʃel/

Shell

оболочка

Meaning

hard outer covering of an animal; explosive projectile for a gun

Example

The artillery fired a shell at the enemy position.

Армия выстрелила снаряд в позицию противника.

B1 verb /ʃuːt/

shoot

стрелять / фотографировать

Meaning

to fire a bullet or arrow from a weapon; to take a photograph or film

Example

He learned how to shoot a bow and arrow.

Он научился стрелять из лука и стрел.

B1 noun /ˈspɛndɪŋ/

spending

расходы

Meaning

the act of paying money for goods or services

Example

Her spending on clothes was higher than expected.

Её траты на одежду были выше, чем ожидалось.

B1 adjective /ˈsɪniər/

senior

старший

Meaning

having a higher rank or status; older or more experienced

Example

He is the senior manager in the department.

Он старший менеджер в отделе.

B1 adjective /slaɪt/

Slight

незначительный; лёгкий; тонкий; едва заметный

Meaning

small in degree; not severe or intense; slim; thin

Example

There was a slight delay in the train schedule.

В расписании поезда было небольшое опоздание.

B1 noun /ˈʃel.tər/

Shelter

убежище

Meaning

a place giving temporary protection from bad weather or danger

Example

The hikers found shelter in a cave during the heavy rain.

Путники нашли убежище в пещере во время сильного дождя.

B1 adverb /ˈsekəndli/

secondly

во-вторых

Meaning

Used to introduce the second point in a list of arguments or ideas.

Example

Firstly, we need funding; secondly, we need a strong team.

Во-первых, нам нужно финансирование; во-вторых, нам нужна сильная команда.

B1 noun /ˈʃoʊldər/

Shoulder

плечо

Meaning

the part of the body between the neck and the arm

Example

He carried the bag over his shoulder.

Он носил сумку на плече.

B1 adjective /ˈsuːtəbl/

suitable

подходящий

Meaning

appropriate or right for a particular person, purpose, or situation

Example

This dress is suitable for the wedding.

Это платье подходит для свадьбы.

B1 adjective /ˌstreɪt ˈfɔːr.wərd/

Straight forward

честный и прямой; не сложный; легко понять

Meaning

honest and open; not complicated; easy to understand

Example

His explanation was very straightforward and easy to follow.

Его объяснение было очень простым и легким для восприятия.

B1 noun /slaɪs/

Slice

кусок; ломтик

Meaning

a thin, flat piece cut from something larger

Example

Would you like a slice of pizza?

Вы хотите кусок пиццы?

B1 noun ˈseɪ.vɪŋ

saving

сбережение

Meaning

The practice of keeping and accumulating money for future use rather than spending it immediately.

Example

Regular saving habits ensure financial security.

Регулярные привычки сбережений обеспечивают финансовую безопасность.

B1 noun /ˈsteɪtəs/

status

статус

Meaning

the social or professional position or condition of someone or something

Example

His social status improved after the promotion.

Его социальный статус улучшился после повышения.

B1 verb /splɪt/

split

делить

Meaning

to divide or separate into parts or groups

Example

He split the log in two with an axe.

Он разрубил бревно на два с помощью топора.

B1 noun ˈstæn.dədz

standards

стандарты

Meaning

A level of quality or attainment; a required or agreed level of quality or attainment.

Example

High standards inspire competitors.

Высокие стандарты вдохновляют соперников.

B1 verb, adjective /spɛnt/

spent

потраченный, исчерпанный

Meaning

Past tense and past participle of 'spend'; also used as an adjective meaning exhausted or used up.

Example

She spent all her energy preparing for the exam.

Она потратила всю свою энергию на подготовку к экзамену.

B1 noun ˈsaɪləns

silence

тишина

Meaning

Complete absence of sound; quietness.

Example

Silence filled the air near the graves.

Тишина заполнила воздух рядом с могилами.

B1 adverb /ˈsædli/

sadly

грустно

Meaning

in a sorrowful or unhappy manner

Example

She sadly waved goodbye as the train departed.

Она грустно помахала рукой, когда поезд отправлялся.

B1 adjective /ˈsɛpəreɪtɪd/

separated

разделенный

Meaning

divided or disconnected from something else; not together

Example

They have been living in separated houses since the divorce.

С момента развода они живут в отдельных домах.

B1 noun /ˈspɪr.ɪt/

Spirit

дух; душа; энтузиазм; смелость

Meaning

the non-physical part of a person; enthusiasm or courage; the essential character of something

Example

The team showed great spirit despite losing the match.

Команда показала большой дух, несмотря на проигрыш.

B1 noun /ˈsʌb.mə.riːn/

Sub-marine

подводная лодка

Meaning

a warship with a streamlined hull designed to operate completely submerged in the sea

Example

The submarine dived deep into the ocean to avoid detection.

Субмарина нырнула глубоко в океан, чтобы избежать обнаружения.

B1 noun /ˈsæm.pəl/

Sample

образец

Meaning

a small part taken as an example of the whole; a specimen

Example

The doctor took a blood sample for testing.

Доктор взял образец крови для анализа.

B1 noun, verb /spoʊk/

spoke

спицы / сказал

Meaning

As a noun, a bar connecting the center of a wheel to its rim; as the past tense of 'speak'.

Example

The bicycle's spoke was bent after the accident.

Спица велосипеда была согнута после аварии.

B1 noun /steɪk/

steak

стейк

Meaning

a thick slice of meat, typically beef, cooked by grilling or frying

Example

He ordered a grilled steak with vegetables.

Он заказал стейк на гриле с овощами.

B1 noun /ˈsʌb.weɪ/

Subway

метро

Meaning

an underground railway system; an underground passage for pedestrians

Example

I take the subway to work every morning because it's faster than driving.

Я езжу на метро на работу каждое утро, потому что это быстрее, чем ехать на машине.

B1 adjective /skɪld/

Skilled

умелый

Meaning

having or showing the knowledge, ability, or training to perform certain activities or work well

Example

He is a skilled carpenter who can build beautiful furniture.

Он опытный плотник, который может строить красивые мебель.

B1 noun ˈsɛʃənz

sessions

сессии, собрания, период

Meaning

A meeting of an official body, especially a court of law, to conduct its business; a period devoted to a particular activity.

Example

The sessions lasted for three hours.

Сессии длились три часа.

B1 verb /skriːm/

scream

кричать

Meaning

to make a loud, high-pitched sound, usually because of fear, pain, or excitement

Example

She screamed when she saw the spider.

Она закричала, когда увидела паука.

B1 noun /sɔːrs/

Source

источник

Meaning

a place, person, or thing from which something originates; the origin of information

Example

The river's source is high in the mountains.

Исток реки находится высоко в горах.

B1 verb səˈpɔːrtɪŋ

supporting

поддерживать

Meaning

Giving assistance to; helping to bear the weight of something.

Example

Supporting education initiatives helps reduce child labour.

Поддержка образовательных инициатив помогает сократить детский труд.

B1 adjective ˈʃɔːrt.tɜːrm

short-term

краткосрочный

Meaning

Occurring over or involving a relatively short period of time.

Example

Investing in stocks can yield short-term profits.

Инвестиции в акции могут приносить краткосрочную прибыль.

B1 noun /ʃɔːr/

Shore

берег; побережье; пляж

Meaning

the land along the edge of a sea, lake, or other body of water

Example

We walked along the shore collecting seashells.

Мы шли вдоль берега, собирая ракушки.

B1 noun səˈplaɪ

supply

поставка. снабжение.

Meaning

A stock or amount of something supplied or available for use.

Example

Supply chains ensure resource availability.

Цепочки поставок обеспечивают доступность ресурсов.

B1 verb /skɪp/

skip

пропустить

Meaning

to omit or pass over something; to move lightly or quickly

Example

He decided to skip breakfast and go straight to work.

Он решил пропустить завтрак и прямо поехать на работу.

B1 noun /ˈsʌb.ɜːb/

Suburb

пригород

Meaning

a residential area outside the central part of a city; an outlying district of a city

Example

They moved to a quiet suburb to raise their children away from city noise.

Они переехали в тихий пригород, чтобы растить своих детей вдали от городского шума.

B1 noun/verb /skeɪl/

scale

масштаб / увеличение размера

Meaning

A system of ordered marks used for measurement; also means to climb or to adjust in size.

Example

The company plans to scale its operations globally.

Компания планирует расширить свои операции на глобальном уровне.

B1 noun ˈseʃən

session

сессия

Meaning

A meeting of an official body, especially a legislature, council, or court of law, to conduct its business.

Example

The session was held on February 25.

Сессия состоялась 25 февраля.

B1 verb /ˈstɒpɪŋ/

stopping

остановка

Meaning

Coming to a halt or pause.

Example

The ship is stopping at the Falkland Islands.

Корабль останавливается на Фолклендских островах.

B1 adjective /ˈskɪlfʊl/

Skilful

умелый; опытный; мастер

Meaning

having or showing skill; expert and accomplished

Example

The skilful surgeon performed the operation with great precision.

Умелый хирург выполнил операцию с большой точностью.

B1 noun səˈluː.ʃənz

solutions

решения

Meaning

A means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation.

Example

Biotechnology provides solutions to environmental challenges.

Биотехнология предоставляет решения для экологических проблем.

B1 noun, verb /stɒk/

stock

запас

Meaning

a supply of goods kept for sale or use; to keep or fill with goods

Example

The shop stocks a wide variety of products.

Магазин имеет широкий ассортимент продуктов.

B1 noun /ˈsæm.ən/

salmon

лосось

Meaning

A large fish with pink flesh, often eaten as food.

Example

They served grilled salmon for dinner.

Они подали жареного лосося на ужин.

B1 adjective /ˈsʌm.wʌt/

Somewhat

немного; немного; умеренно

Meaning

to some extent; rather; moderately

Example

The movie was somewhat interesting but not great.

Фильм был немного интересным, но не великим.

B1 noun /ˈspæroʊ/

Sparrow

воробей

Meaning

small brown and grey bird commonly found in cities and towns

Example

The sparrow chirped cheerfully from the tree branch.

Воробей весело чирикал с ветки дерева.

B1 noun /stoʊv/

Stove

плита

Meaning

a kitchen appliance used for cooking food by applying heat

Example

She cooked dinner on the gas stove.

Она готовила ужин на газовой плите.

B1 adjective ˈsteɪbl

stable

стабильный

Meaning

Not likely to change or fail; firmly established.

Example

Strong nuclear force keeps the nucleus stable.

Сильная ядерная сила удерживает ядро стабильным.

B1 noun /ˈsʌn.flaʊər/

Sun flower

подсолнух

Meaning

a large yellow flower that turns to face the sun

Example

The sunflower field looked amazing in the bright sunlight.

Поле подсолнечников выглядело потрясающе на ярком солнце.

B1 verb /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/

satisfy

удовлетворить

Meaning

to fulfill the desires, expectations, or needs of someone; to make content

Example

The delicious meal satisfied our hunger completely.

Вкусная еда полностью удовлетворила наш голод.

B1 noun /ˌsaʊθˈiːst/

southeast

юго-восток

Meaning

the direction that is between south and east; a region in that direction

Example

The city is located in the southeast of the country.

Город находится на юго-востоке страны.

B1 noun /ˌsæt.ɪsˈfæk.ʃən/

Satisfaction

удовлетворение

Meaning

fulfillment of one's wishes, expectations, or needs

Example

She felt great satisfaction after completing the project.

Она почувствовала большое удовлетворение после завершения проекта.

B1 noun /ˈsɛt ʌp/

set-up

установка

Meaning

The arrangement or organization of something; a planned structure or scheme

Example

The company presented a new set-up for the office layout.

Компания представила новый сет-ап для расположения офиса.

B1 noun, verb /ʃeɪd/

shade

тень

Meaning

a sheltered or darker area where direct light is blocked; to block light from something

Example

We sat under the tree for some shade.

Мы сидели под деревом и нашли немного тени.

B1 noun /sɔɪl/

soil

почва

Meaning

The upper layer of earth in which plants grow.

Example

The soil in this area is reddish.

Почва в этой области красноватая.

B1 adverb /səkˈsɛsfəli/

successfully

успешно

Meaning

in a way that achieves a desired result

Example

She passed the exam successfully after weeks of studying.

Она успешно сдала экзамен после недель учёбы.

B1 noun /sɛks/

sex

пол

Meaning

the biological distinction between male and female; sexual activity

Example

He was asked about his sex at the doctor's office.

Его спросили о его поле в кабинете врача.

B1 verb /seɪl/

sail

плавать с парусами

Meaning

to travel on water in a boat or ship using sails or by wind power

Example

They sailed across the Atlantic Ocean last summer.

Они переплыли Атлантический океан прошлым летом.

B1 adjective /ʃɛrd/

shared

общий

Meaning

used, done, or experienced by two or more people together

Example

They live in a shared apartment near the university.

Они живут в общей квартире рядом с университетом.

B1 adverb /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/

significantly

значительно

Meaning

in a way that is large or important enough to have an effect

Example

The economy has significantly improved over the last decade.

Экономика значительно улучшилась за последние десять лет.

B1 noun /ˈsɜr.fɪs/

Surface

поверхность; верхний слой

Meaning

the outside part or uppermost layer of something

Example

The submarine emerged to the surface of the ocean.

Подводная лодка всплыла на поверхность океана.

Meaning

To bring down (one's foot) heavily on the ground; to imprint a mark or seal.

Example

She stamped her foot in frustration.

B1 noun sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti

security

безопасность

Meaning

The state of being free from danger, threat, or loss.

Example

Food security is essential for human survival.

Пищевая безопасность необходима для выживания человека.

B1 noun /stæf/

staff

персонал

Meaning

a group of employees working together in an organization

Example

The staff at the hospital are very helpful.

Персонал в больнице очень полезен.

B1 noun ˈstrʌk.tʃər

structure

структура

Meaning

The arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex.

Example

The structure is designed for safety and functionality.

Структура разработана для обеспечения безопасности и функциональности.

B1 noun ˈstrʌɡ.əl

struggle

борьба

Meaning

A forceful or violent effort to get free of restraint or resist attack; a determined effort under difficult circumstances.

Example

The struggle for independence united the nation.

Борьба за независимость объединила нацию.

B1 noun /ʃɒk/

shock

шок

Meaning

a sudden upsetting or surprising event or experience

Example

The news of his sudden departure was a shock to everyone.

Новость о его внезапном уходе стала шоком для всех.

B1 verb /spɔɪl/

spoil

испортить

Meaning

to damage or ruin something

Example

The rain spoiled the outdoor event.

Дождь испортил мероприятие на открытом воздухе.