Vocabulary Cards
911 cards available.
C1 noun
Ratification
承認
Meaning
the action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement
Example
The treaty required ratification by both countries' parliaments.
C1 verb
ratify
批准する
Meaning
to approve or confirm something officially, usually by law or formal consent
Example
The government ratified the trade agreement.
B2 noun
rating
評価
Meaning
an evaluation or assessment, usually numerical
Example
The movie received a high rating from critics.
B2 noun
ratio
比率
Meaning
a relationship between two numbers showing how many times the first number contains the second
Example
The ratio of boys to girls in the class is 2:1.
C2 noun
ratiocination
推論
Meaning
the process of reasoning or logical thinking
Example
His ratiocination impressed the judges during the debate.
C1 noun
ration
配給
Meaning
a fixed amount of something, especially food, officially allowed to each person
Example
During the war, each family received a weekly ration of rice.
B2 adjective
Rational
合理的な; 論理的な; 理にかなった
Meaning
based on reason and logic; sensible and practical
Example
She made a rational decision based on the available facts.
C1 noun
rationale
根本的な理由
Meaning
the underlying reason or explanation for something
Example
The rationale behind his decision was clearly explained.
C2 noun
rationalism
合理主義
Meaning
a belief or theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than religious belief or emotion
Example
Rationalism emphasizes logic and reasoning over faith.
C1 noun
rationalization
合理化
Meaning
The practice of finding reasons for behavior or actions that are not the real reasons.
Example
His rationalization of the mistake was not convincing.
C1 verb
rationalize
合理化する
Meaning
to attempt to explain or justify behavior or decisions with logical reasons, even if they are not true or appropriate
Example
She tried to rationalize her lateness by blaming the traffic.
C1 verb
rationlize
合理化する
Meaning
to justify or explain something with logical reasons, even if not appropriate or true
Example
He tried to rationlize his mistake by blaming the system.
B2 noun, verb
rattle
ガタガタ鳴る；ガラガラ
Meaning
to make a rapid series of short, sharp sounds; a device or object that makes such a sound
Example
The loose window began to rattle in the strong wind.
C1 adjective
raucous
騒々しい, うるさい
Meaning
loud, harsh, and unpleasant sound or behavior
Example
The crowd became raucous after the team scored.
C1 verb
ravage
荒廃させる
Meaning
to cause severe and extensive damage or destruction
Example
The hurricane ravaged the coastal villages.
C1 verb
rave
絶賛する
Meaning
to speak or write about something with great enthusiasm or admiration
Example
Critics rave about the new movie.
C2 verb
ravel
絡まる / 解く
Meaning
to tangle or complicate; to untangle or unravel depending on context
Example
She began to ravel the loose threads of the sweater.
C1 noun
Raven
ワタリガラス
Meaning
a large, black bird with a thick bill and harsh croaking voice
Example
The raven perched on the old oak tree and cawed loudly.
C2 adjective
ravening
非常に空腹で貪欲
Meaning
Extremely hungry and greedy; voracious.
Example
The ravening wolves circled the camp.
C1 adjective
ravenous
猛烈にお腹がすいている
Meaning
Extremely hungry; famished.
Example
After the long hike, she was ravenous and ate quickly.
C1 noun
ravine
渓谷
Meaning
A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
Example
The river carved a deep ravine through the mountains.
C2 verb
ravish
魅了する
Meaning
To fill with intense delight; to captivate or enchant.
Example
The beauty of the sunset ravished the travelers.
B1 adjective
Raw
生の; 処理されていない; 自然な状態で; 未熟な
Meaning
uncooked; not processed; in natural state; inexperienced
Example
The chef prefers to use raw vegetables in his salads.
B1 noun
raw materials
原材料
Meaning
The basic material from which a product is made.
Example
The factory imports raw materials for production.