Vocabulary Cards
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B2 noun
constitution
憲法
Meaning
A body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state is governed.
Example
Constitutional reforms ensure equity.
B2 adjective
constitutional
憲法に関する
Meaning
Relating to an established set of principles governing a state; in accordance with a political constitution.
Example
Constitutional reforms ensure fairness in the system.
B2 verb
constrain
制限する
Meaning
to limit or restrict someone or something; to force or compel
Example
The new regulations constrain businesses from polluting the environment.
C1 adjective
constrained
制約された、無理に作られた
Meaning
appearing forced, unnatural, or restricted
Example
He gave a constrained smile during the awkward meeting.
B2 noun
constraint
制約
Meaning
a limitation or restriction
Example
Time is the biggest constraint in completing the project.
C1 verb
constrict
絞る
Meaning
to make narrower or tighter; to shrink or compress
Example
The snake constricted its prey before swallowing.
C2 verb
constringe
収縮する
Meaning
to cause to shrink or contract; to constrict
Example
The medicine helped constringe the swollen tissues.
B2 verb
construct
建設する
Meaning
to build or form something by putting parts together
Example
They plan to construct a new bridge over the river.
B1 noun
construction
建設
Meaning
The building of something, typically a large structure.
Example
Construction dust significantly contributes to pollution.
C1 verb
construe
解釈する
Meaning
to interpret or understand the meaning of something in a particular way
Example
His words could be construed as a threat.
C1 noun
consul
領事 / 大使
Meaning
an official appointed by a government to live in a foreign city and protect its citizens and interests there
Example
The consul assisted travelers who lost their passports.
C1 noun
consulate
領事館
Meaning
the building or office where a consul works
Example
He went to the consulate to renew his visa.
B1 verb
consult
相談する
Meaning
To seek advice or information from someone with expertise.
Example
You should consult a doctor before starting the treatment.
B1 noun
consultant
コンサルタント
Meaning
A professional who provides expert advice in a particular area.
Example
The company hired a consultant to improve its marketing strategy.
B2 noun
consultation
相談
Meaning
The action of consulting or discussing; a meeting with an expert or professional to seek advice.
Example
Consultation was essential.
B1 verb
consume
食べる, 飲む, 消費する
Meaning
to eat or drink; to use up; to destroy completely
Example
We consume a lot of water during summer.
B1 noun
consumer
消費者
Meaning
A person who buys and uses goods and services.
Example
The company focuses on understanding consumer needs.
C1 noun
consumerism
消費主義
Meaning
The tendency to increase consumption of goods and the importance given to consuming products.
Example
Modern consumerism leads to increased demand for luxury goods.
B1 verb
consumes
消費する
Meaning
Use up (a resource); eat, drink, or ingest (food or drink).
Example
An individual consumes around 20 kg of plastic annually.
C1 adjective/verb
consummate
大きな技術で何かを完成させるまたは完璧にする
Meaning
To complete or perfect something with great skill
Example
He is a consummate artist with years of experience.
B2 noun
Consumption
消費
Meaning
The using up of a resource or the amount of a product consumed by consumers.
Example
High energy consumption leads to increased electricity bills.
C2 adjective
consumptive
消費的な
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by consumption; historically used to describe someone suffering from tuberculosis.
Example
The doctor advised against consumptive habits.
A2 noun/verb
contact
接触
Meaning
Communication or connection with someone.
Example
You should contact your doctor if symptoms persist.
C1 noun
contagion
感染
Meaning
The communication of disease from one person to another by close contact; also the spread of harmful ideas or behaviors.
Example
Fear spread like a contagion through the crowd.