Sweetlime
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C1 noun /swiːt.laɪm/

Sweetlime

スイートライム
Meaning
a citrus fruit that is sweeter and less acidic than regular lime
Example
The sweetlime juice was refreshing on a hot day.
スイートライムジュースは暑い日にさわやかでした。
C1 noun /səˈsteɪnəbl ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/

sustainable agriculture

持続可能な農業
Meaning
Farming practices that meet current food needs while preserving environmental resources and maintaining the ability to produce food for future generations through ecologically sound methods.
Example
Sustainable agriculture practices protect the environment while ensuring food security.
持続可能な農業の実践は、環境を保護しながら食料安全保障を確保します。
C1 noun /ˌsɛlf əˌfɜːˈmeɪʃən/

self-affirmation

自己肯定
Meaning
The practice of affirming one's own worthiness and value as an individual.
Example
Daily self-affirmation can boost your confidence.
日々の自己肯定は自信を高めることができます。
C1 adjective /ˈstɛlər/

stellar

素晴らしい
Meaning
Relating to stars; outstanding or excellent.
Example
She gave a stellar performance in the play.
彼女は劇中で素晴らしいパフォーマンスを披露しました。
C1 noun /ˈspɛktər/

specter

幽霊
Meaning
A ghost or spirit; something that causes fear or dread.
Example
The specter of war still haunts the region.
戦争の幽霊は今でもその地域をおびやかしています。
C1 adjective /ˈʃɪp.ʃeɪp/

Shipshape

きちんと整頓された; よく整理された; 良好な状態
Meaning
neat and tidy; in good order; well-organized
Example
Everything was shipshape before the inspection.
検査の前にすべてが完璧でした。
C1 noun ˈsɒv.rɪn.ti

sovereignty

主権
Meaning
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; supreme power or authority.
Example
Sovereignty is essential for a nation's identity.
主権は国家のアイデンティティにとって不可欠です。
C1 noun /sɛkt/

sect

宗派
Meaning
a subgroup of a larger religious or political group, often with differing beliefs
Example
The group split into different sects due to doctrinal differences.
グループは教義の違いにより、異なる宗派に分かれました。
C1 adjective /ˈspʌndʒi/

Spongy

スポンジ状
Meaning
soft and full of holes like a sponge; porous
Example
The cake had a light and spongy texture.
ケーキは軽くてスポンジ状の質感がありました。
C1 noun /ˈʃrɪŋkɪdʒ/

shrinkage

収縮
Meaning
The process of becoming smaller in size, amount, or value.
Example
The company reported a shrinkage in profits this quarter.
その会社は今四半期の利益の収縮を報告しました。
C1 noun /ˈsteɪl.meɪt/

stalemate

行き詰まり
Meaning
A situation in which no progress can be made or no party can win.
Example
Negotiations ended in a stalemate.
交渉は行き詰まりました。
C1 noun səˈsteɪnəbəl ˈpræktɪsɪz

sustainable practices

持続可能な実践
Meaning
Methods and activities that can be maintained over time without depleting natural resources or harming the environment.
Example
Sustainable practices are vital for environmental preservation.
持続可能な実践は環境保護にとって重要です。
C1 adjective /sɑːrˈdɒnɪk/

sardonic

幸福
Meaning
Grimly mocking or cynical.
Example
She gave him a sardonic smile after hearing his excuse.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸福を隠すことができませんでした。
C1 verb /səbˈsɪst/

subsist

生き延びる
Meaning
To maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level.
Example
Many villagers still subsist on fishing and farming.
多くの村人は今でも漁業と農業で生計を立てています。
C1 noun /ˈskæf.əld/

Scaffold

足場
Meaning
a temporary structure used by workers to stand on when building or repairing something high; a platform for execution
Example
The workers erected a scaffold to paint the building's exterior.
作業員たちは建物の外壁を塗装するために足場を設置しました。
C1 adjective /ˈskwɒlɪd/

squalid

非常に汚い
Meaning
extremely dirty and unpleasant, often due to poverty or neglect
Example
He lived in a squalid room with broken furniture.
彼は壊れた家具のある汚い部屋に住んでいた。
C1 noun /ˈskeɪp.ɡəʊt/

Scapegoat

スケープゴート
Meaning
a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others
Example
He became the scapegoat for the team's poor performance.
彼はチームの悪いパフォーマンスのスケープゴートとなった。
C1 verb /ˈstriːmlaɪnɪŋ/

streamlining

簡素化
Meaning
The process of making an organization or system more efficient by simplifying or eliminating unnecessary steps
Example
Streamlining processes can significantly reduce operational costs.
プロセスの簡素化は、運用コストを大幅に削減することができます。
C1 verb/noun /skɒtʃ/

scotch

終わらせる / スコッチウイスキー
Meaning
to put an end to something; also a type of whisky
Example
The report scotched the rumors of a merger.
報告書は合併の噂を終わらせました。
C1 adjective /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdəl/

Suicidal

自殺的
Meaning
relating to or having thoughts of killing oneself; extremely dangerous or harmful
Example
The reckless driving was suicidal behavior.
無謀な運転は自殺的な行動でした。
C1 verb /skɒf/

scoff

嘲笑する
Meaning
to speak about something in a mocking or dismissive way
Example
He scoffed at the idea of moving abroad.
彼は海外に引っ越すというアイデアを嘲笑しました。
C1 adjective /ˈstɒdʒi/

stodgy

退屈な、時代遅れな
Meaning
Dull, uninspired, or old-fashioned; also heavy and hard to digest when referring to food.
Example
The lecture was so stodgy that many students struggled to stay awake.
その講義はあまりにも退屈で、多くの学生が目を覚ますのに苦労しました。
C1 verb /swɜːrv/

swerve

急に方向を変える
Meaning
to change direction suddenly, especially to avoid hitting something
Example
The car swerved to avoid the dog.
車は犬を避けるために急に方向を変えた。
C1 adjective /ˌsɛlf əbˈzɔːrbd/

self-absorbed

自己中心的
Meaning
Excessively preoccupied with oneself and one’s own thoughts, feelings, or interests.
Example
He was too self-absorbed to notice his friend's distress.
彼は友達の苦しみに気づかないほど自己中心的だった。
C1 noun/verb /skɜːrdʒ/

scourge

Meaning
A source of great pain or punishment; to whip or inflict suffering on someone.
Example
Disease and poverty remain a scourge in many regions.
C1 adverb /suːˈpɜːb.li/

Superbly

素晴らしく
Meaning
in an excellent or outstanding manner
Example
She performed superbly in the dance competition.
彼女はダンスコンテストで素晴らしくパフォーマンスをしました。
C1 verb /splaɪs/

splice

接続する
Meaning
to join two pieces of rope, film, or other material by weaving or attaching them together
Example
The technician spliced the two wires to restore the connection.
技術者は2本のワイヤーを接続して接続を回復しました。
C1 adjective /səbˈdʒɛktɪv/

subjective

主観的
Meaning
based on personal feelings, tastes, or opinions rather than facts
Example
Beauty is often considered a subjective concept.
美しさはしばしば主観的な概念と見なされます。
C1 adjective /səbˈsɪd.i.ər.i/

Subsidiary

子会社の; 二次的な; 子会社に関連する
Meaning
less important than the main thing; secondary; of or relating to a subsidiary company
Example
The subsidiary company handles all overseas operations.
子会社はすべての海外業務を管理しています。
C1 verb /ˈstaɪfəld/

stifled

抑える
Meaning
to suppress, hold back, or prevent something from happening
Example
He stifled a laugh during the serious meeting.
彼は真面目な会議中に笑いを抑えた。
C1 /ʃrɛd/

shred

引き裂く
Meaning
to tear or cut something into small pieces
Example
She shredded the old documents before throwing them away.
彼女は古い書類を捨てる前にシュレッドした。
C1 verb /ˈʃrɪvəl/

shrivel

しわになる
Meaning
To become dry, wrinkled, and smaller due to lack of moisture.
Example
The flowers shriveled under the hot sun.
花は暑い太陽の下でしわになった。
C1 adjective /səˈdɪs.tɪk/

sadistic

サディスティック
Meaning
Deriving pleasure from inflicting pain or suffering on others.
Example
The villain had a sadistic smile while hurting his enemies.
悪党は敵に痛みを与えている間、サディスティックな笑顔を浮かべていた。
C1 noun /ˌsɪmbɪˈəʊsɪs/

symbiosis

共生関係
Meaning
A mutually beneficial relationship between different people or groups.
Example
The symbiosis between the two companies led to mutual growth.
二つの会社間の共生関係は相互成長につながった。
C1 verb /ˈstæmər/

stammer

どもる
Meaning
To speak with sudden involuntary pauses and a tendency to repeat the initial letters of words.
Example
The nervous student began to stammer during his speech.
緊張した学生はスピーチ中にどもり始めた。
C1 adjective /ˈspaɪn.ləs/

Spineless

勇気がない; 意志が弱い; 臆病
Meaning
lacking courage or determination; weak-willed
Example
He was too spineless to stand up for his beliefs.
彼は自分の信念を貫くには、あまりにも臆病すぎた。
C1 verb /ˈstɪntɪŋ/

stinting

けちけちと与える
Meaning
to supply sparingly or with restrictions
Example
He never stinting his efforts to help the poor.
彼は貧しい人々を助けるために決して手を抜きません。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛn.sər.i/

sensory

感覚的
Meaning
Related to the five human senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell).
Example
Sensory feedback enhances the VR experience.
感覚的フィードバックはVR体験を強化します。
C1 verb /ʃɪə/

shear

刈る
Meaning
to cut the wool off a sheep or to cut something with sharp tools like scissors or shears
Example
The farmer will shear the sheep in the spring.
農夫は春に羊の毛を刈ります。
C1 verb /strʌt/

strut

堂々と歩く
Meaning
to walk with a stiff, proud, and confident gait, often to show off
Example
He strutted across the stage after winning the award.
彼は賞を受賞後、誇らしげにステージを歩いた。
C1 adjective /ˈstrɛnjuəs/

strenuous

厳しい
Meaning
Requiring or using great effort and energy.
Example
Climbing the mountain was a strenuous task.
山登りは厳しい仕事だった。
C1 adjective /ˈsted.fæst/

Steadfast

不動の; 固い; 揺るがない
Meaning
firm in belief, determination, or adherence; unwavering
Example
She remained steadfast in her commitment to helping the poor.
彼女は貧しい人々を助けるという自分の誓いに不動であり続けました。
C1 noun /ˌsɛrənˈdɪpɪti/

serendipity

幸運な偶然
Meaning
The occurrence of events by chance in a happy or beneficial way.
Example
Finding that old photo album was pure serendipity.
その古い写真アルバムを見つけたのはまさに幸運な偶然だった。
C1 adjective /swɑːv/

suave

魅力的で洗練された
Meaning
charming, confident, and elegant, often in a smooth or polished way
Example
He was a suave gentleman who impressed everyone at the party.
彼はパーティーで全員に感銘を与えた洗練された紳士だった。
C1 adjective /sɪˈnɒnɪməs/

synonymous

同義語
Meaning
having the same or nearly the same meaning; closely associated with something
Example
For many people, her name is synonymous with generosity.
多くの人にとって、彼女の名前は寛大さの同義語です。
C1 noun /stɪˈlɛtoʊ/

stiletto

細いヒールの靴 / ダガー
Meaning
A small, thin, high-heeled shoe or a dagger with a slender blade.
Example
She wore elegant stiletto heels to the party.
彼女はパーティーにエレガントなスティレットヒールを履いて行きました。
C1 noun /straɪf/

strife

争い、闘争
Meaning
angry or violent conflict; struggle or discord
Example
The region has been torn apart by political strife.
その地域は政治的な争いで引き裂かれました。
C1 noun /ˈsɑːɡə/

saga

長い物語
Meaning
A long story of heroic achievement, or a long, complex series of events.
Example
The company's rise and fall became a corporate saga.
会社の興隆と衰退は企業のサガとなった。
C1 noun /ˈskep.tɪ.sɪ.zəm/

skepticism

懐疑主義, 疑念
Meaning
A skeptical attitude; doubt as to the truth of something.
Example
His skepticism about new technology often makes him resistant to change.
新しい技術に対する彼の懐疑主義は、彼を変化に対して抵抗力を持たせる。
C1 adjective /ˈsaɪt.ləs/

Sightless

盲目; 視力なし
Meaning
unable to see; blind; lacking vision
Example
The sightless man navigated the street with his guide dog.
盲目の男性はガイド犬と一緒に通りを歩きました。
C1 adjective /steɪd/

staid

堅実、尊敬される
Meaning
Serious, respectable, and unadventurous.
Example
He came from a staid family background.
彼は堅実な家庭から来た。
C1 noun /ˈspɔɪlˌspɔːrt/

spoilsport

スポイルスポート
Meaning
A person who ruins other people's enjoyment or fun.
Example
Don't be a spoilsport and let us enjoy the party.
スポイルスポートにならないで、パーティーを楽しませてください。
C1 noun səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

sophistication

高度な複雑さまたは洗練
Meaning
High level of complexity or refinement.
Example
The sophistication of modern AI technology is remarkable.
現代のAI技術の洗練さは驚くべきものです。
C1 adjective /ˈsiː.di/

Seedy

種でいっぱい; 汚くて評判が悪い; 廃れた
Meaning
squalid and disreputable; shabby and run-down; full of seeds
Example
They avoided walking through the seedy part of town at night.
彼らは夜に汚くて評判が悪い街の部分を歩くのを避けていた。
C1 noun /sloʊθ/

Sloth

怠惰; 仕事や努力をすることに対する reluctance
Meaning
laziness; reluctance to work or make an effort
Example
His sloth prevented him from achieving his goals.
彼の怠惰は、目標達成を妨げました。
C1 noun /ˈskɛptɪk/

skeptic

懐疑論者
Meaning
A person who doubts or questions accepted beliefs or claims.
Example
The scientist was a skeptic of theories without solid evidence.
その科学者は確固たる証拠のない理論に懐疑的でした。
C1 noun ˈsɒl.vən.si

solvency

負債を超える資産の所有; 借金を返済する能力
Meaning
The possession of assets in excess of liabilities; ability to pay debts.
Example
The company's solvency improved after restructuring.
会社のソルベンシーは再編成後に改善されました。
C1 adjective /ˈstɪltɪd/

stilted

不自然な、堅苦しい
Meaning
Speech or writing that is stiff, unnatural, or overly formal.
Example
His speech sounded stilted and rehearsed.
彼のスピーチは不自然で練習されたように聞こえた。
C1 adjective /sɪˈmɛtrɪkəl/

symmetrical

対称的
Meaning
having parts on either side that match or are the same in shape, size, or arrangement
Example
The artist designed a symmetrical pattern on the floor.
アーティストは床に対称的なパターンをデザインしました。
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪk/

satiric

皮肉な
Meaning
Relating to or using satire.
Example
The novel takes a satiric view of urban life.
その小説は都市生活を皮肉な視点で描いています。
C1 adjective /ˈskɛtʃi/

sketchy

不完全
Meaning
not thorough or detailed; suspicious or unsafe
Example
The details of the project were still sketchy.
プロジェクトの詳細はまだ不完全でした。
C1 adjective /ˈskrʌmpʃəs/

scrumptious

美味しい
Meaning
extremely tasty or delicious
Example
She baked a scrumptious chocolate cake for the party.
彼女はパーティーのために美味しいチョコレートケーキを焼きました。
C1 verb /ˈsmʌðər/

smother

窒息させる / 覆う
Meaning
to kill someone by covering their nose and mouth to prevent breathing; to cover something completely; to overwhelm with excessive attention or affection
Example
She smothered the fire with a blanket.
彼女は毛布で火を覆った。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌl.ki/

Sulky

不機嫌で無口; 気分屋
Meaning
bad-tempered and sullen; moody
Example
The child became sulky when he couldn't get his favorite toy.
その子供はお気に入りのおもちゃが手に入らなかったとき、不機嫌になった。
C1 adjective /ˈspraɪtli/

sprightly

活発な
Meaning
full of energy and life; lively
Example
The sprightly old man danced with joy at the wedding.
活発な老紳士は結婚式で喜びながら踊った。
C1 verb /spɔːn/

spawn

生み出す
Meaning
to produce or generate, often in large numbers
Example
The video game has spawned many sequels.
そのビデオゲームは多くの続編を生み出しました。
C1 adjective /ˌsɛlf ˈraɪtʃəs/

self-righteous

自己満足
Meaning
Having or showing an attitude of moral superiority; believing one’s own beliefs are the only right ones.
Example
His self-righteous comments made everyone uncomfortable.
彼の自己満足的なコメントは、みんなを不快にさせました。
C1 noun /ˈʃɜːrbət/

sherbet

シャーベット
Meaning
a sweet flavored drink or a frozen dessert made from sweetened fruit juice
Example
On hot days, she enjoys a glass of lemon sherbet.
暑い日には、彼女はレモンシャーベットを一杯楽しんでいます。
C1 noun ˌsɛlf.rɪˈstreɪnt

self-restraint

自己抑制
Meaning
The practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something, typically an impulse or desire.
Example
Practicing self-restraint helps in avoiding impulsive decisions.
自己抑制を実践することで、衝動的な決定を避けるのに役立ちます。
C1 verb /ˈsʌkɪŋ/

sucking

吸う
Meaning
Drawing in a liquid, air, or other substance through the mouth or a tube by creating a vacuum; also used figuratively for something unpleasant or ineffective
Example
The baby is sucking on a pacifier.
赤ちゃんが乳首を吸っています。
C1 verb /ˈstaɪmi/

stymie

妨げる
Meaning
to prevent or hinder the progress of something
Example
The new regulations could stymie small businesses.
新しい規制は小規模なビジネスに障害をもたらす可能性があります。
C1 noun /ˈskeɪ.biːz/

Scabies

疥癬
Meaning
a contagious skin disease caused by mites that causes intense itching
Example
The doctor diagnosed him with scabies after examining the rash.
医師は発疹を調べた後、彼に疥癬と診断した。
C1 verb /ˈsɛvər/

sever

切る、関係を断つ
Meaning
to cut off or separate, especially by cutting; to end a connection or relationship
Example
He had to sever ties with the company after the dispute.
彼は争いの後、会社との関係を断たなければならなかった。
C1 noun/verb /sleɪt/

slate

スレート / 予定する
Meaning
a fine-grained rock used for roofing or writing; to schedule or designate for a task
Example
The meeting is slated for next Monday.
ミーティングは次の月曜日に予定されています。
C1 noun /saɪð/

scythe

鎌
Meaning
A tool with a long curved blade used for cutting grass or grain.
Example
The farmer sharpened his scythe before harvesting the wheat.
農民は小麦を収穫する前に彼の鎌を研いだ。
C1 adjective /ˈsɒnɪk/

sonic

音速の
Meaning
Relating to or involving sound waves or speed of sound.
Example
The jet created a loud boom when it broke the sonic barrier.
ジェット機は音速の壁を越えたとき、大きな爆発音を作り出しました。
C1 verb /smɛlt/

smelt

溶かす
Meaning
to extract metal from its ore by heating and melting
Example
The workers smelt iron from its ore in the factory.
作業員は工場で鉱石から鉄を溶かして取り出します。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nəl/

seminal

幸福
Meaning
Strongly influencing later developments; highly original and influential.
Example
His seminal book changed the course of modern philosophy.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸福を隠せませんでした。
C1 adjective ˈsɛd(ə)ntəri

sedentary

座りっぱなしの
Meaning
Characterized by much sitting and little physical activity.
Example
A sedentary lifestyle can lead to numerous health problems.
座りっぱなしの生活は、多くの健康問題を引き起こす可能性がある。
C1 noun /ˈsɑːri/

Saree

サリー
Meaning
a garment consisting of a length of cotton or silk elaborately draped around the body, traditionally worn by women from South Asia
Example
She looked elegant in her red silk saree at the festival.
彼女は祭りで赤い絹のサリーを着てとてもエレガントに見えました。
C1 verb /snɪp/

snip

切る
Meaning
to cut something quickly with scissors or a sharp tool
Example
She snipped the loose thread from her dress.
彼女はドレスの緩んだ糸を切りました。
C1 verb /ˈskaʊər/

scour

磨く / 徹底的に探す
Meaning
to clean or brighten the surface of something by scrubbing; to search thoroughly
Example
She scoured the kitchen until it shone.
彼女はキッチンを磨いて、ピカピカにしました。
C1 verb /skrɔːl/

scrawl

急いで乱雑に書く
Meaning
to write or draw something quickly and carelessly, making it hard to read
Example
He scrawled his signature at the bottom of the page.
彼はページの下部に署名をスクロールした。
C1 verb /skʌf/

scuff

擦り傷
Meaning
to mark or scratch the surface of something by rubbing
Example
He scuffed his shoes on the pavement.
彼は歩道で靴を擦り傷をつけた。
C1 adjective /ˈseɪ.li.ənt/

salient

重要な、顕著な、または目立つ
Meaning
Most important, prominent, or noticeable
Example
The report highlighted the salient points of the discussion.
レポートは議論の重要な点を強調しました。
C1 adjective /sɛkˈtɛəriən/

sectarian

宗派的
Meaning
relating to or characterized by the differences between sects, often leading to conflict
Example
The region has been troubled by sectarian violence for decades.
この地域は数十年にわたり宗派的な暴力に悩まされてきました。
C1 adjective /ˌsɛm.iˈæn.ju.əl/

semiannual

半年ごと
Meaning
Occurring twice a year; every six months.
Example
The company holds a semiannual meeting with all employees.
会社は6ヶ月ごとに全社員との会議を開きます。
C1 noun /ˈsɜːr.vɪ.tuːd/

Servitude

奴隷状態
Meaning
the state of being a slave or completely subject to someone more powerful
Example
Many people fought to escape the servitude imposed by the colonial system.
多くの人々が、植民地制度によって課せられた隷属から逃れようと戦った。
C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌtræk/

sidetrack

気を散らす
Meaning
To distract from the main subject or activity.
Example
She was sidetracked by an unexpected phone call.
彼女は予期しない電話で気を取られた。
C1 verb /ˈsɪmjʊˌleɪt/

simulate

シミュレート
Meaning
to imitate the appearance, character, or behavior of something; to pretend or reproduce conditions artificially
Example
The pilot had to simulate an emergency landing during training.
パイロットは訓練中に緊急着陸をシミュレートしなければならなかった。
C1 adjective /səbˈvɜːrsɪv/

subversive

破壊的
Meaning
seeking or intended to undermine or overthrow an established system or authority
Example
The group was banned for its subversive activities.
そのグループは破壊的な活動のために禁止された。
C1 adjective /sɪˈkluːdɪd/

secluded

人里離れた
Meaning
Placed apart from other people or things; private and quiet.
Example
They spent their vacation in a secluded beach house.
彼らは人里離れたビーチハウスで休暇を過ごしました。
C1 noun ˈsɛlf pəˈzɪʃən

self-possession

自己抑制
Meaning
The quality of being calm and confident and in control of one's emotions; composure.
Example
His self-possession during the crisis was remarkable.
彼の危機的な状況での自己抑制は素晴らしかった。
C1 verb /slɪŋ/

sling

投げる、掛ける
Meaning
to throw or hang something roughly or carelessly
Example
He slung his bag over his shoulder before leaving.
彼は出発前に肩にバッグをかけた。
C1 verb /skwiːl/

squeal

叫ぶ
Meaning
to make a high-pitched cry; to inform on someone
Example
The children squealed with delight when they saw the surprise.
子供たちはサプライズを見て喜んで叫びました。
C1 noun /ˈskælpəl/

scalpel

メス
Meaning
A small and extremely sharp bladed instrument used for surgery and dissection.
Example
The surgeon carefully used a scalpel to make the first incision.
外科医は慎重にメスを使って最初の切開を行いました。
C1 verb /sɪˈdjuːs/

seduce

Meaning
to attract someone into doing something, especially something they might not normally do
Example
The advertisement was designed to seduce customers into buying luxury products.
C1 adjective /ˈstoʊɪk/

stoic

冷静な, 無感情な
Meaning
Showing little or no emotion, even in difficult situations.
Example
She remained stoic during the crisis, never showing fear or panic.
彼女は危機の間、冷静で恐怖やパニックを示さなかった。
C1 adjective /ˈstraɪ.dənt/

strident

耳障りな, うるさい
Meaning
loud and harsh; presenting a point of view in a forceful way
Example
His strident voice made the debate uncomfortable.
彼の耳障りな声は議論を不快にした。
C1 noun /səˈnɑːtə/

sonata

音楽作品 (ソナタ)
Meaning
A musical composition for one or more instruments, typically in several movements.
Example
She performed a beautiful Beethoven sonata on the piano.
彼女はピアノで美しいベートーヴェンのソナタを演奏しました。
C1 noun /səˈbraɪəti/

sobriety

節制
Meaning
the state of being sober; self-restraint and seriousness
Example
He has maintained his sobriety for five years.
彼は5年間その節制を保っています。
C1 noun /ˈsɒnɪt/

sonnet

ソネット
Meaning
A poem of 14 lines using formal rhyme schemes, often about love.
Example
Shakespeare wrote many famous sonnets about love and beauty.
シェイクスピアは愛と美について多くの有名なソネットを書きました。
C1 verb ˈsɪŋ.krə.naɪz

synchronize

同期させる
Meaning
To coordinate in time; to cause to occur or operate at the same time or rate.
Example
The dancers need to synchronize their movements.
ダンサーは彼らの動きを同期させる必要があります。
C1 verb /səˈlɪdəˌfaɪ/

solidify

強化する
Meaning
To make something firm, strong, or more certain.
Example
The company solidified its position in the market.
その会社は市場での位置を固めました。
C1 verb /ˈsætʃəˌreɪt/

saturate

Meaning
to fill completely with something until no more can be absorbed
Example
The heavy rain saturated the ground within minutes.
C1 noun /səˈlɪn.ə.t̬i/

salinity

塩分, 塩濃度
Meaning
The salt content of soil or water, typically measured as a concentration.
Example
The salinity of the ocean varies depending on depth and location.
海洋の塩分は深さと場所によって異なります。
C1 verb /ˈstrætɪfaɪ/

stratify

階層化する
Meaning
to arrange or divide into layers, classes, or categories
Example
The researchers plan to stratify the data based on age groups.
研究者たちは年齢層に基づいてデータを階層化する予定です。
C1 noun /sɔɪl ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/

soil management

土壌管理
Meaning
The application of operations, practices, and treatments to protect soil and enhance its performance.
Example
Proper soil management improves long-term agricultural productivity.
適切な土壌管理は、長期的な農業生産性を向上させます。
C1 noun/verb /ˈsuː.tʃər/

suture

縫合
Meaning
A stitch or row of stitches holding together the edges of a wound or surgical incision.
Example
The doctor used a suture to close the wound.
医者は傷を閉じるために縫合糸を使いました。
C1 noun /ˈstjuːpər/

stupor

昏迷
Meaning
a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility
Example
He remained in a stupor after hearing the shocking news.
彼は衝撃的なニュースを聞いた後、昏迷状態に陥った。
C1 adjective /ˌsuː.pəˈsɒn.ɪk/

Supersonic

音速より速い; 音速を超える速度に関連する
Meaning
faster than the speed of sound; relating to speeds greater than the speed of sound
Example
The supersonic jet broke the sound barrier.
超音速ジェットは音の壁を破った。
C1 noun স্ক্রোলিং অ্যাডিকশন

scrolling addiction

スクロール依存症
Meaning
A compulsive need to continuously scroll through content on digital devices, particularly smartphones and social media platforms.
Example
Scrolling addiction is a growing concern among smartphone users.
スクロール依存症はスマートフォンユーザーの間で増加している懸念事項です。
C1 adjective /ˈsliːzi/

sleazy

不道徳な、汚い、または低品質な
Meaning
morally low, dirty, or cheap in quality
Example
He avoided the sleazy nightclub downtown.
彼はダウンタウンのスリージーなナイトクラブを避けた。
C1 noun /ˈsʌnˌdaʊn/

sundown

日没
Meaning
the time in the evening when the sun goes below the horizon
Example
We planned to reach the village before sundown.
私たちは日没前に村に到着する予定でした。
C1 verb /ʃraʊd/

shroud

覆う
Meaning
to cover or hide; to wrap in cloth
Example
The mountain peak was shrouded in mist.
山頂は霧に包まれていました。
C1 adjective /sɪmˈplɪstɪk/

simplistic

過度に単純化された
Meaning
treating complex issues as if they were much simpler than they really are
Example
His explanation was too simplistic and ignored key details.
彼の説明は過度に単純化されており、重要な詳細を無視していました。
C1 noun, verb /ˈskʌf.əl/

scuffle

乱闘
Meaning
a short, confused fight or struggle; to engage in such a fight
Example
Two players scuffled on the field after the foul.
ファウルの後、二人の選手がフィールドで殴り合った。
C1 verb ˈsɪn.θə.saɪ.zɪŋ

synthesizing

合成する, 組み合わせる, 論理的に提示する
Meaning
Combine (a number of things) into a coherent whole.
Example
He excels in synthesizing ideas from different sources.
彼は異なるソースからアイデアを合成するのが得意です。
C1 verb /ˈskʌr.i/

scurry

速く走る
Meaning
To move quickly with short, hurried steps.
Example
The mice scurried across the kitchen floor when the lights turned on.
ライトがついたとき、ネズミたちはキッチンの床を速く走った。
C1 adjective /ˈswɛltərɪŋ/

sweltering

うだるような暑さ
Meaning
uncomfortably hot
Example
The sweltering heat made it hard to work.
うだるような暑さで仕事が難しくなった。
C1 verb /spɜːrn/

spurn

軽蔑して拒絶する
Meaning
To reject something or someone with disdain or contempt.
Example
She spurned his offer of help.
彼女は軽蔑の気持ちで彼の助けの申し出を拒絶した。