stratosphere
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C1 noun ˈstræt.ə.sfɪər

stratosphere

成層圏
Meaning
The layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 50 km above the earth's surface.
Example
The stratosphere provides a unique environment.
成層圏は特別な環境を提供します。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌltri/

sultry

蒸し暑く湿った、魅力的な
Meaning
Uncomfortably hot and humid; also describes someone attractive in a passionate or sensual way.
Example
The sultry weather made it hard to focus on work.
蒸し暑い天気は仕事に集中するのを難しくしました。
C1 noun /səˈlaɪ.və/

Saliva

唾液
Meaning
the watery liquid secreted into the mouth by glands
Example
The dentist asked her to rinse the saliva from her mouth.
歯科医は彼女に口の中の唾液をすすぐように言った。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌlən/

sullen

むっつりした
Meaning
bad-tempered and gloomy; silently resentful
Example
She gave him a sullen look and walked away.
彼女はむっつりした表情を見せて、立ち去った。
C1 noun ˈsɪnədʒi

synergy

相乗効果, 協力
Meaning
The interaction or cooperation of two or more organizations, substances, or other agents to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects.
Example
The synergy between the two companies led to a successful partnership.
二つの会社間の相乗効果により、成功したパートナーシップが生まれました。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌl.ki/

Sulky

不機嫌で無口; 気分屋
Meaning
bad-tempered and sullen; moody
Example
The child became sulky when he couldn't get his favorite toy.
その子供はお気に入りのおもちゃが手に入らなかったとき、不機嫌になった。
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrvaɪl/ or /ˈsɜːrvəl/

servile

卑屈な
Meaning
having or showing an excessive willingness to serve or please others
Example
His servile attitude annoyed his colleagues.
彼の卑屈な態度は同僚を困らせていました。
C1 adverb /ˈsɜːrtʃɪŋli/

searchingly

探求的に
Meaning
In a way that seems to look for hidden meanings or truth.
Example
She looked at him searchingly, hoping for an honest answer.
彼女は正直な答えを望んで、探し求めるように彼を見つめた。
C1 noun /səˈlɪn.ə.t̬i/

salinity

塩分, 塩濃度
Meaning
The salt content of soil or water, typically measured as a concentration.
Example
The salinity of the ocean varies depending on depth and location.
海洋の塩分は深さと場所によって異なります。
C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌtræk/

sidetrack

気を散らす
Meaning
To distract from the main subject or activity.
Example
She was sidetracked by an unexpected phone call.
彼女は予期しない電話で気を取られた。
C1 adjective /səˈdʒɛstɪv/

suggestive

示唆的
Meaning
tending to suggest ideas or images; sometimes implies something sexual or provocative
Example
The painting was highly suggestive and sparked much debate.
その絵画は非常に示唆的で、たくさんの議論を引き起こしました。
C1 noun /ˈstɛnsəl/

stencil

型抜き
Meaning
A thin sheet of material with a design cut out, used to produce the design on the surface below by applying paint or ink through the cut-out holes.
Example
The artist used a stencil to paint identical stars on the wall.
アーティストは壁に同じ星を描くために型抜きを使用しました。
C1 noun /ʃraɪn/

Shrine

聖地; 神殿; 祈りの場
Meaning
a holy or sacred place dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor, hero, or saint
Example
Pilgrims visit the shrine to pray for good health.
巡礼者たちは健康を祈るために神殿を訪れます。
C1 noun ˌsɪs.təˈmæt.ɪk ˈstræt.ə.dʒi

systematic strategy

体系的戦略
Meaning
A methodical and organized plan or approach to achieve specific objectives.
Example
A systematic strategy was employed to achieve objectives.
目標を達成するために体系的戦略が採用されました。
C1 verb /səˈkʌm/

succumb

Meaning
To give in to pressure, temptation, or illness; to yield or fail to resist.
Example
He finally succumbed to his illness after a long struggle.
C1 adjective /ˌsɛm.iˈæn.ju.əl/

semiannual

半年ごと
Meaning
Occurring twice a year; every six months.
Example
The company holds a semiannual meeting with all employees.
会社は6ヶ月ごとに全社員との会議を開きます。
C1 noun /ˈsɜːrəɡət/

surrogate

代理人
Meaning
A substitute, especially a person deputizing for another in a specific role or office.
Example
The surrogate mother gave birth to the child after carrying it for nine months.
代理母は九か月間子どもを妊娠してから子どもを出産した。
C1 noun /ˈskɛptɪk/

skeptic

懐疑論者
Meaning
A person who doubts or questions accepted beliefs or claims.
Example
The scientist was a skeptic of theories without solid evidence.
その科学者は確固たる証拠のない理論に懐疑的でした。
C1 noun /ˈsɔːl.tɪd fɪʃ/

Salted fish

塩漬けの魚
Meaning
fish preserved with salt; dried and salted fish for storage
Example
Salted fish is a traditional way to preserve seafood.
塩漬けの魚はシーフードを保存する伝統的な方法です。
C1 noun /sɪr/

seer

予言者
Meaning
A person who is supposed to be able to see what will happen in the future; a prophet.
Example
The seer predicted a great change in the kingdom.
予言者は王国の大きな変化を予測しました。
C1 noun sælˈveɪʃən

salvation

救済
Meaning
Deliverance from sin and its consequences, believed by Christians to be brought about by faith in Christ.
Example
The story revolves around the theme of salvation.
物語は救いのテーマを中心に展開します。
C1 noun /ˈstaɪpend/

Stipend

奨学金
Meaning
a fixed regular sum paid as a salary or allowance
Example
The research student receives a monthly stipend for living expenses.
研究学生は生活費のために毎月奨学金を受け取ります。
C1 verb, noun /spraʊt/

sprout

発芽する
Meaning
to begin to grow; to produce new leaves or shoots
Example
The seeds began to sprout after a few days of rain.
種は数日間の雨の後に発芽し始めました。
C1 verb /ˈswɛltər/

swelter

強烈な暑さで苦しむ
Meaning
to suffer from intense heat
Example
We began to swelter in the midday sun.
私たちは真昼の太陽の下で汗だくになり始めました。
C1 adjective /səkˈsɪŋkt/

succinct

簡潔
Meaning
Briefly and clearly expressed; characterized by clear, precise expression in few words.
Example
His speech was succinct and impactful.
彼のスピーチは簡潔で印象的でした。
C1 noun/verb /skɜːrdʒ/

scourge

Meaning
A source of great pain or punishment; to whip or inflict suffering on someone.
Example
Disease and poverty remain a scourge in many regions.
C1 adjective /ˌsæŋktɪˈmoʊniəs/

sanctimonious

偽善的な敬虔
Meaning
Making a show of being morally superior to others; hypocritically pious.
Example
He gave a sanctimonious speech about honesty while he himself was corrupt.
彼は自分が腐敗していたにもかかわらず、正直について偽善的なスピーチをしました。
C1 adjective /ˈstɛlər/

stellar

素晴らしい
Meaning
Relating to stars; outstanding or excellent.
Example
She gave a stellar performance in the play.
彼女は劇中で素晴らしいパフォーマンスを披露しました。
C1 noun /stɪˈlɛtoʊ/

stiletto

細いヒールの靴 / ダガー
Meaning
A small, thin, high-heeled shoe or a dagger with a slender blade.
Example
She wore elegant stiletto heels to the party.
彼女はパーティーにエレガントなスティレットヒールを履いて行きました。
C1 adjective /ˈsleɪ.vɪʃ/

slavish

奴隷のような
Meaning
showing no originality; completely imitative or overly submissive
Example
His slavish devotion to tradition prevented any innovation.
彼の伝統への奴隷のような献身が革新を阻んだ。
C1 verb ˈsɪŋ.krə.naɪz

synchronize

同期させる
Meaning
To coordinate in time; to cause to occur or operate at the same time or rate.
Example
The dancers need to synchronize their movements.
ダンサーは彼らの動きを同期させる必要があります。
C1 verb /səˈlɪdəˌfaɪ/

solidify

強化する
Meaning
To make something firm, strong, or more certain.
Example
The company solidified its position in the market.
その会社は市場での位置を固めました。
C1 adjective ˌsəʊsɪəʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl

sociopolitical

社会政治的
Meaning
Combining social and political factors.
Example
Sociopolitical factors often influence public policy decisions.
社会政治的要因はしばしば公共政策決定に影響を与えます。
C1 verb /səbˈdjuː/

subdue

Meaning
To bring under control, especially by force; to overcome or quiet.
Example
The army was able to subdue the rebellion quickly.
C1 verb /sɪˈkluːd/

seclude

隔離する
Meaning
To keep someone away from other people; to isolate.
Example
The monk chose to seclude himself in the mountains.
修道士は山で自分を孤立させることを選びました。
C1 noun /ˈsɑːɡə/

saga

長い物語
Meaning
A long story of heroic achievement, or a long, complex series of events.
Example
The company's rise and fall became a corporate saga.
会社の興隆と衰退は企業のサガとなった。
C1 noun /səˈsteɪnəbl ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/

sustainable agriculture

持続可能な農業
Meaning
Farming practices that meet current food needs while preserving environmental resources and maintaining the ability to produce food for future generations through ecologically sound methods.
Example
Sustainable agriculture practices protect the environment while ensuring food security.
持続可能な農業の実践は、環境を保護しながら食料安全保障を確保します。
C1 adjective /ˈsɪm.jʊ.leɪ.tɪd/

simulated

シミュレートされた
Meaning
Artificially created to look real but not actually real.
Example
The pilot trained in a simulated flight environment.
パイロットはシミュレートされた飛行環境で訓練しました。
C1 adjective /ˈsiː.naɪl/

senile

老化による弱さ
Meaning
Showing the weaknesses of old age, especially mental decline.
Example
The old man became senile and forgot familiar faces.
老人はセンイルになり、親しい顔を忘れてしまった。
C1 adjective /ˈsɔːsi/

saucy

生意気な
Meaning
Boldly rude, cheeky, or playfully disrespectful.
Example
The child gave a saucy reply to his teacher.
その子は先生に生意気な返事をした。
C1 noun /skwɔːl/

squall

突風
Meaning
a sudden violent gust of wind, often accompanied by rain, snow, or sleet
Example
A sudden squall caught the sailors off guard.
突然の突風が船員たちを驚かせた。
C1 adjective /ˈstrɛnjuəs/

strenuous

厳しい
Meaning
Requiring or using great effort and energy.
Example
Climbing the mountain was a strenuous task.
山登りは厳しい仕事だった。
C1 noun /ˈspaɪər/

spire

尖塔
Meaning
a tall, pointed structure on top of a building, especially a church
Example
The church spire could be seen from miles away.
教会の尖塔は遠くから見ることができました。
C1 adjective /snaɪd/

snide

皮肉な
Meaning
mocking or insulting in an indirect way
Example
He couldn’t resist making a snide comment about her dress.
彼は彼女のドレスについて皮肉なコメントをするのをやめられなかった。
C1 noun /speɪt/

spate

波
Meaning
a large number of things occurring in quick succession
Example
There has been a spate of robberies in the city.
市内で盗難が立て続けに発生しています。
C1 adjective /ˈskænti/

Scanty

小さいサイズまたは量; 不十分; ほとんど十分
Meaning
small in size or amount; insufficient; barely adequate
Example
The refugee camp had scanty food supplies.
難民キャンプにはわずかな食料供給がありました。
C1 adjective /ˌsuː.pəˈsɒn.ɪk/

Supersonic

音速より速い; 音速を超える速度に関連する
Meaning
faster than the speed of sound; relating to speeds greater than the speed of sound
Example
The supersonic jet broke the sound barrier.
超音速ジェットは音の壁を破った。
C1 verb /skʌlpt/

sculpt

幸せ
Meaning
to create or shape something by carving or molding
Example
The artist sculpted a beautiful statue from marble.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠せなかった。
C1 noun /ˈswiːt.miːt/

Sweetmeat

お菓子
Meaning
a small piece of confectionery or candy; a sweet delicacy
Example
The children enjoyed the traditional sweetmeats during the festival.
子供たちは祭りの間に伝統的なスイートミートを楽しみました。
C1 adjective /ˌsækrɪˈfɪʃəl/

sacrificial

犠牲的な
Meaning
Relating to or involving sacrifice.
Example
The lamb was used as a sacrificial offering in the ritual.
その羊は儀式で犠牲的な捧げ物として使われました。
C1 verb /səˈplænt/

supplant

取って代わる
Meaning
To take the place of something or someone, often by force or strategy.
Example
Digital platforms have supplanted traditional newspapers.
デジタルプラットフォームは伝統的な新聞を取って代わった。
C1 verb /ˈskʌr.i/

scurry

速く走る
Meaning
To move quickly with short, hurried steps.
Example
The mice scurried across the kitchen floor when the lights turned on.
ライトがついたとき、ネズミたちはキッチンの床を速く走った。
C1 noun /ˈsɛdətɪv/

sedative

鎮静剤
Meaning
A substance that calms the nerves or induces sleep.
Example
The doctor prescribed a sedative to help the patient sleep.
医者は患者が眠れるように鎮静剤を処方しました。
C1 noun /stɛlθ/

stealth

隠密、静かに動く
Meaning
The act of moving, doing, or achieving something quietly and secretly.
Example
The cat moved with stealth towards its prey.
猫は静かに獲物に向かって動いた。
C1 noun /ˌsɛlf ɪnˈdʌldʒəns/

self-indulgence

自己 indulgence
Meaning
The act of allowing oneself to enjoy pleasures or desires excessively.
Example
His weekend of self-indulgence included eating sweets and watching movies nonstop.
彼の自己満足の週末は、甘いものを食べて映画を見続けることが含まれていました。
C1 adjective /sɪər/

Sear

枯れた; 焼けた; 乾燥した
Meaning
withered; dried up; burned or scorched
Example
The sear leaves fell from the trees in autumn.
秋に枯れた葉が木から落ちました。
C1 noun /ˌsɛlf əˌfɜːˈmeɪʃən/

self-affirmation

自己肯定
Meaning
The practice of affirming one's own worthiness and value as an individual.
Example
Daily self-affirmation can boost your confidence.
日々の自己肯定は自信を高めることができます。
C1 adjective /skænt/

Scant

わずかな
Meaning
barely sufficient; inadequate; small in amount
Example
There was scant evidence to support his claim.
彼の主張を支持する証拠はほとんどなかった。
C1 noun, verb /slɜːr/

slur

侮辱 / 侮辱的な言葉
Meaning
An insulting remark or suggestion; or to speak indistinctly.
Example
He made a slur against her character.
彼は彼女のキャラクターについて侮辱的な発言をした。
C1 noun /ˈsɛpərətɪst/

separatist

分離主義者
Meaning
A person who supports the separation of a group from a larger body, often for political or cultural independence.
Example
The separatist group demanded independence from the central government.
分離主義者グループは中央政府からの独立を要求した。
C1 noun /ˈspɛkjʊˌleɪtər/

speculator

投機家
Meaning
A person who forms theories without evidence, or invests in assets hoping for profit.
Example
The real estate speculator bought land hoping its value would rise.
不動産投機家は、土地の価値が上がることを期待して土地を購入しました。
C1 noun /ˈʃrɪŋkɪdʒ/

shrinkage

収縮
Meaning
The process of becoming smaller in size, amount, or value.
Example
The company reported a shrinkage in profits this quarter.
その会社は今四半期の利益の収縮を報告しました。
C1 adjective /ˌsɛrənˈdɪpɪtəs/

serendipitous

偶然の幸運
Meaning
Occurring or discovered by chance in a happy or beneficial way.
Example
Their meeting at the café was purely serendipitous.
カフェでの彼らの出会いは完全に偶然の幸運でした。
C1 adjective /ˈspɛktrəl/

spectral

幽霊のような
Meaning
Relating to a ghost or specter; ghostly. Also relating to a spectrum.
Example
The old mansion had a spectral atmosphere at night.
古い館には夜、幽霊のような雰囲気が漂っていた。
C1 verb/noun /skɒtʃ/

scotch

終わらせる / スコッチウイスキー
Meaning
to put an end to something; also a type of whisky
Example
The report scotched the rumors of a merger.
報告書は合併の噂を終わらせました。
C1 noun ˈsʌfrɪdʒ

suffrage

選挙権
Meaning
The right to vote in political elections; the principle of political representation.
Example
Universal suffrage was a key demand.
普遍的な選挙権は重要な要求でした。
C1 verb /səbˈmɜːrdʒ/

submerge

沈める
Meaning
to put under water or cover with liquid
Example
The floodwaters threatened to submerge the village.
洪水の水が村を沈めると脅かしていました。
C1 noun, verb /ˈskʌf.əl/

scuffle

乱闘
Meaning
a short, confused fight or struggle; to engage in such a fight
Example
Two players scuffled on the field after the foul.
ファウルの後、二人の選手がフィールドで殴り合った。
C1 noun, adjective, verb /ʃæm/

sham

偽り
Meaning
something that is not what it appears to be; a false or fake thing; to pretend
Example
The deal turned out to be a sham.
その取引は偽りであることが判明しました。
C1 adjective /ˈseɪ.vər.i/

savory

風味のある（塩辛いまたは辛い）
Meaning
Having a pleasant salty or spicy taste; morally acceptable.
Example
The restaurant serves a variety of savory dishes.
そのレストランはさまざまな風味のある料理を提供しています。
C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌstɛp/

sidestep

回避する
Meaning
To avoid something by stepping aside; to evade a problem or question indirectly.
Example
The politician tried to sidestep the difficult question.
政治家はその難しい質問を避けようとした。
C1 verb /ˈskævɪndʒ/

scavenge

ゴミの中から探す
Meaning
to search through waste or discarded material to find useful items
Example
The children scavenged for food in the garbage dump.
子供たちはゴミ捨て場で食べ物を探していました。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌbstəntɪv/

substantive

重要
Meaning
Having a firm basis in reality; important, meaningful, or considerable.
Example
The company made substantive changes to its policy.
会社はその方針に重要な変更を加えました。
C1 verb /ˈskaʊər/

scour

磨く / 徹底的に探す
Meaning
to clean or brighten the surface of something by scrubbing; to search thoroughly
Example
She scoured the kitchen until it shone.
彼女はキッチンを磨いて、ピカピカにしました。
C1 noun ˌsɛlf.rɪˈstreɪnt

self-restraint

自己抑制
Meaning
The practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something, typically an impulse or desire.
Example
Practicing self-restraint helps in avoiding impulsive decisions.
自己抑制を実践することで、衝動的な決定を避けるのに役立ちます。
C1 adjective /ˈsæŋɡwɪn/

sanguine

楽観的
Meaning
Optimistic or positive, especially in a difficult situation.
Example
Despite the challenges, she remained sanguine about the future.
困難にもかかわらず、彼女は未来に対して楽観的な姿勢を保ち続けた。
C1 noun /səˈprɑːnoʊ/

soprano

女性または子供の最も高い歌声
Meaning
the highest female or boy’s singing voice
Example
She sang beautifully in the soprano range during the concert.
彼女はコンサートでソプラノの範囲で美しく歌いました。
C1 adjective /səbˈsɜːviənt/

subservient

Meaning
prepared to obey others unquestioningly; less important than something else
Example
She was too subservient to challenge his decision.
C1 /splɪnt/

splint

添木
Meaning
A rigid device used to support and immobilize a broken or injured body part.
Example
The doctor applied a splint to stabilize the patient's broken arm.
医者は患者の折れた腕を安定させるために添木を使いました。
C1 noun /ˈskeɪp.ɡəʊt/

Scapegoat

スケープゴート
Meaning
a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others
Example
He became the scapegoat for the team's poor performance.
彼はチームの悪いパフォーマンスのスケープゴートとなった。
C1 noun ˈsɒv.rɪn.ti

sovereignty

主権
Meaning
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; supreme power or authority.
Example
Sovereignty is essential for a nation's identity.
主権は国家のアイデンティティにとって不可欠です。
C1 adjective /ˈskeɪ.li/

Scaly

鱗状の
Meaning
covered with scales; having a rough surface like scales
Example
The fish has scaly skin.
その魚はうろこ状の皮膚を持っています。
C1 adjective /səˈsɛp.tə.bəl/

susceptible

特定の物事によって影響を受けやすい、または損傷を受けやすい
Meaning
Likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.
Example
Children are more susceptible to infections.
子供は感染症にかかりやすいです。
C1 verb /siːp/

seep

しみ出す
Meaning
to flow or leak slowly through small openings or pores
Example
Water began to seep through the cracks in the wall.
水が壁のひび割れからしみ出し始めました。
C1 noun /ˈskævɪndʒər/

scavenger

死肉食者 / ゴミ収集者
Meaning
an animal or person that feeds on dead or discarded material
Example
Vultures are natural scavengers that clean up the environment.
ハゲワシは自然のスカベンジャーで、環境をきれいにします。
C1 noun /ˈsæŋk.ʃən/

Sanction

制裁
Meaning
official permission or approval; a penalty for disobeying a rule
Example
The government imposed economic sanctions on the country.
政府はその国に対して経済制裁を科した。
C1 adjective /ʃruːd/

Shrewd

賢い; 鋭い; 分別のある
Meaning
having or showing sharp powers of judgment; astute
Example
The shrewd businessman made a profitable deal in the competitive market.
その賢いビジネスマンは、競争の激しい市場で利益を上げる取引をしました。
C1 noun /ˈslændər/

Slander

中傷
Meaning
the action of making false spoken statements damaging to someone's reputation
Example
The politician sued the newspaper for slander.
政治家は中傷で新聞を訴えた。
C1 noun ˌsʌb.sɪ.dɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

subsidization

助成金
Meaning
Financial assistance provided by government to make certain goods or services more affordable.
Example
Subsidization of agriculture helps farmers maintain crop production.
農業の助成金は、農家が作物の生産を維持するのに役立ちます。
C1 noun /ˈsɪndɪkət/

syndicate

シンジケート
Meaning
A group of individuals or organizations combined to promote a common interest or carry out a business venture.
Example
A syndicate of investors bought the struggling company.
投資家のシンジケートが困難な会社を買収しました。
C1 noun /sɔːd fɪʃ/

Sword fish

メカジキ
Meaning
A large marine fish with an elongated bill resembling a sword
Example
The swordfish can swim at speeds up to 60 mph.
メカジキは時速60マイルで泳ぐことができます。
C1 verb /ˈsɪnɚdʒaɪzd/

synergized

シナジー効果が得られるようにする, 力を合わせる, 協力する
Meaning
Combine in such a way that the total effect is greater than the sum of the individual effects.
Example
The teams were synergized to maximize productivity.
チームは生産性を最大化するために協力しました。
C1 noun, verb /səˈpiːnə/

subpoena

召喚状
Meaning
a legal document ordering someone to attend court; to summon someone with such a document
Example
The witness received a subpoena to appear in court next week.
証人は来週法廷に出廷するための召喚状を受け取った。
C1 noun /ʃruː/

shrew

怒りっぽい女性 / 小さなネズミのような動物
Meaning
a small mouse-like animal; also a woman with a bad temper
Example
The play describes a strong-willed woman as a shrew.
この劇は強い意志を持った女性を怒りっぽい女性として描いています。
C1 verb /ˈsʌkɪŋ/

sucking

吸う
Meaning
Drawing in a liquid, air, or other substance through the mouth or a tube by creating a vacuum; also used figuratively for something unpleasant or ineffective
Example
The baby is sucking on a pacifier.
赤ちゃんが乳首を吸っています。
C1 noun səbˈsɪs.təns

subsistence

生計
Meaning
The action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself at a minimum level.
Example
Many farmers depend on subsistence agriculture.
多くの農民は自給農業に依存しています。
C1 verb /sɪˈdjuːs/

seduce

Meaning
to attract someone into doing something, especially something they might not normally do
Example
The advertisement was designed to seduce customers into buying luxury products.
C1 adjective /səˈriːn/

serene

静かで平和な
Meaning
Calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
Example
The lake had a serene and peaceful atmosphere.
湖は静かで平和な雰囲気を持っていました。
C1 noun /ˈskæf.əld/

Scaffold

足場
Meaning
a temporary structure used by workers to stand on when building or repairing something high; a platform for execution
Example
The workers erected a scaffold to paint the building's exterior.
作業員たちは建物の外壁を塗装するために足場を設置しました。
C1 adjective /ˈspɛərɪŋ/

sparing

控えめ / 節約
Meaning
Using or giving only a little of something; economical.
Example
She is sparing in her use of words.
彼女は言葉を使うのを控えめにしています。
C1 noun /ˈsəʊdiəm/

sodium

ナトリウム
Meaning
a soft, silver-white chemical element that is highly reactive and found in salt.
Example
Sodium is an essential element for maintaining fluid balance in the body.
ナトリウムは体内の液体バランスを維持するために不可欠な元素です。
C1 verb /swɜːrv/

swerve

急に方向を変える
Meaning
to change direction suddenly, especially to avoid hitting something
Example
The car swerved to avoid the dog.
車は犬を避けるために急に方向を変えた。
C1 noun /ˈstændˌstɪl/

standstill

停滞
Meaning
a situation in which all movement or activity stops
Example
The traffic came to a standstill after the accident.
事故後、交通は停滞しました。
C1 noun səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl tekˈnɒl.ə.dʒi

sustainable technology

持続可能な技術
Meaning
Technology designed to meet present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs.
Example
Sustainable technology ensures a cleaner future.
持続可能な技術は、よりクリーンな未来を保証します。
C1 adjective /ˈsaɪt.ləs/

Sightless

盲目; 視力なし
Meaning
unable to see; blind; lacking vision
Example
The sightless man navigated the street with his guide dog.
盲目の男性はガイド犬と一緒に通りを歩きました。
C1 verb /ˈsɪmjʊˌleɪt/

simulate

シミュレート
Meaning
to imitate the appearance, character, or behavior of something; to pretend or reproduce conditions artificially
Example
The pilot had to simulate an emergency landing during training.
パイロットは訓練中に緊急着陸をシミュレートしなければならなかった。
C1 adjective /ˌsʌb.təˈreɪ.ni.ən/

subterranean

地下
Meaning
Existing, occurring, or done under the earth's surface.
Example
Subterranean water sources help sustain agriculture.
地下の水源は農業の維持に役立ちます。
C1 noun ˈsɪmbəlɪzəm

symbolism

象徴主義
Meaning
The use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.
Example
The use of symbolism in the novel is masterful.
小説でのシンボリズムの使い方は見事です。
C1 noun /ˈseɪ.tən/

Satan

サタン
Meaning
the chief evil spirit; the Devil in Christian and Islamic belief
Example
According to religious texts, Satan tempts people to sin.
宗教的な文献によると、サタンは人々を罪に導く。
C1 noun /sɪˈnɒpsɪs/

synopsis

概要
Meaning
a brief summary of the main points of a text, film, or research
Example
The publisher asked the author to submit a one-page synopsis of the novel.
出版社は著者に小説の1ページ分の概要を提出するよう依頼しました。
C1 noun /ˈstæl.i.ən/

stallion

繁殖用の牡馬
Meaning
An adult male horse that is not castrated, often used for breeding.
Example
The farm owns a powerful stallion for breeding purposes.
その農場は繁殖用の強力なスタリオンを所有しています。
C1 verb /ˈskwɒbəl/

squabble

些細なことで口論する
Meaning
To argue noisily over something small or unimportant.
Example
The children squabbled over the last piece of cake.
子供たちはケーキの最後の一切れを巡って争っていました。
C1 verb /ˈskʌt.əl/

scuttle

幸せ
Meaning
To run hurriedly with short, quick steps; or to deliberately sink a ship.
Example
The children scuttled back to their seats when the teacher entered.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せませんでした。
C1 verb /ˈʃækəl/

shackle

足かせ
Meaning
to chain or restrain; to restrict someone’s actions or freedom
Example
Outdated regulations shackle small businesses and slow innovation.
古い規制は小規模なビジネスを足かせし、革新を遅らせます。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌpl/

supple

柔軟な
Meaning
Easily bending or moving without breaking; flexible and adaptable.
Example
The gymnast’s body was remarkably supple.
その体操選手の体は驚くほど柔軟だった。
C1 noun ˌskeɪ.ləˈbɪl.ə.ti

scalability

拡張性
Meaning
The capacity to be changed in size or scale; the ability of a system to handle a growing amount of work.
Example
The new software offers high scalability for large enterprises.
新しいソフトウェアは大企業向けに高い拡張性を提供します。
C1 verb /strʌt/

strut

堂々と歩く
Meaning
to walk with a stiff, proud, and confident gait, often to show off
Example
He strutted across the stage after winning the award.
彼は賞を受賞後、誇らしげにステージを歩いた。
C1 adjective /ˈstrɪndʒənt/

stringent

厳格
Meaning
strict, precise, and exacting
Example
The government imposed stringent measures during the crisis.
政府は危機の間に厳しい措置を課しました。
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrli/

surly

不機嫌な
Meaning
bad-tempered and unfriendly
Example
The waiter gave us a surly look when we asked for more water.
水をもっと頼んだとき、ウェイターは不機嫌な顔をしました。
C1 adjective /ˈspel.baʊnd/

Spellbound

夢中; 魅了された
Meaning
completely fascinated and unable to move or think about anything else; enchanted
Example
The children sat spellbound as the magician performed his tricks.
子供たちは魔法使いが技を披露するのを夢中で見ていました。
C1 verb /ˈsɛvər/

sever

切る、関係を断つ
Meaning
to cut off or separate, especially by cutting; to end a connection or relationship
Example
He had to sever ties with the company after the dispute.
彼は争いの後、会社との関係を断たなければならなかった。