standstill
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C1 noun /ˈstændˌstɪl/

standstill

停滞
Meaning
a situation in which all movement or activity stops
Example
The traffic came to a standstill after the accident.
事故後、交通は停滞しました。
C1 adjective /ˈstɛr.aɪl/

sterile

無菌
Meaning
Free from bacteria or other living microorganisms; incapable of producing offspring.
Example
The surgeon worked in a sterile environment to avoid infection.
外科医は感染を防ぐために無菌環境で働いた。
C1 adjective /sɔɪld/

soiled

汚れた
Meaning
dirty or stained; not clean
Example
His clothes were soiled after playing in the mud.
泥遊びをした後、彼の服は汚れていた。
C1 noun /səˈsteɪnəbl ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/

sustainable agriculture

持続可能な農業
Meaning
Farming practices that meet current food needs while preserving environmental resources and maintaining the ability to produce food for future generations through ecologically sound methods.
Example
Sustainable agriculture practices protect the environment while ensuring food security.
持続可能な農業の実践は、環境を保護しながら食料安全保障を確保します。
C1 verb/noun /ˈsɒldər/

solder

はんだ付け
Meaning
To join metal parts together by melting and putting a filler metal into the joint
Example
He soldered the broken wires back together.
彼は壊れた配線を再びはんだ付けしました。
C1 adjective /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdəl/

Suicidal

自殺的
Meaning
relating to or having thoughts of killing oneself; extremely dangerous or harmful
Example
The reckless driving was suicidal behavior.
無謀な運転は自殺的な行動でした。
C1 noun /skraɪb/

scribe

書記
Meaning
a person who writes documents, especially in ancient times; a professional copyist
Example
In ancient Egypt, scribes recorded important events.
古代エジプトでは、スクライブは重要な出来事を記録しました。
C1 adjective /ˈsliːzi/

sleazy

不道徳な、汚い、または低品質な
Meaning
morally low, dirty, or cheap in quality
Example
He avoided the sleazy nightclub downtown.
彼はダウンタウンのスリージーなナイトクラブを避けた。
C1 adverb /ˈsɜːrtʃɪŋli/

searchingly

探求的に
Meaning
In a way that seems to look for hidden meanings or truth.
Example
She looked at him searchingly, hoping for an honest answer.
彼女は正直な答えを望んで、探し求めるように彼を見つめた。
C1 verb /sʌlk/

sulk

むくれる
Meaning
to be silent and bad-tempered because you are angry or disappointed
Example
She sulked in her room after the argument.
議論の後、彼女は自分の部屋でむくれていた。
C1 verb /sɪˈsiːd/

secede

脱退する
Meaning
To formally withdraw from a political or organizational union.
Example
Several states threatened to secede from the union.
いくつかの州は連邦から脱退すると脅迫した。
C1 verb /ˈskʌr.i/

scurry

速く走る
Meaning
To move quickly with short, hurried steps.
Example
The mice scurried across the kitchen floor when the lights turned on.
ライトがついたとき、ネズミたちはキッチンの床を速く走った。
C1 verb /sɪˈkriːt/

secrete

分泌する
Meaning
to produce and release a substance from a cell, gland, or organ
Example
The pancreas secretes insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.
膵臓は血糖値を調整するためにインスリンを分泌します。
C1 verb /ʃʌn/

Shun

避ける
Meaning
to deliberately avoid or stay away from someone or something
Example
He shuns public attention and prefers privacy.
彼は公の注目を避け、プライバシーを好む。
C1 verb /səˈlɪdəˌfaɪ/

solidify

強化する
Meaning
To make something firm, strong, or more certain.
Example
The company solidified its position in the market.
その会社は市場での位置を固めました。
C1 verb /ˈsmoʊldər/

smolder

ゆっくり燃える
Meaning
to burn slowly with smoke but no flame; to show suppressed anger or emotion
Example
The fire smoldered for hours before it went out.
火は何時間もゆっくり燃えた後に消えました。
C1 adjective /ˈʃeɪp.ləs/

Shapeless

形のない
Meaning
having no definite or well-defined shape or form
Example
The fog created a shapeless mass in the distance.
霧は遠くに形のない塊を作り出しました。
C1 adjective /ˈspaɪn.ləs/

Spineless

勇気がない; 意志が弱い; 臆病
Meaning
lacking courage or determination; weak-willed
Example
He was too spineless to stand up for his beliefs.
彼は自分の信念を貫くには、あまりにも臆病すぎた。
C1 noun /ˈstaɪpend/

Stipend

奨学金
Meaning
a fixed regular sum paid as a salary or allowance
Example
The research student receives a monthly stipend for living expenses.
研究学生は生活費のために毎月奨学金を受け取ります。
C1 noun ˈsɪmbəlɪzəm

symbolism

象徴主義
Meaning
The use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.
Example
The use of symbolism in the novel is masterful.
小説でのシンボリズムの使い方は見事です。
C1 verb /ˈskævɪndʒ/

scavenge

ゴミの中から探す
Meaning
to search through waste or discarded material to find useful items
Example
The children scavenged for food in the garbage dump.
子供たちはゴミ捨て場で食べ物を探していました。
C1 noun ˈsɒv.rɪn.ti

sovereignty

主権
Meaning
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; supreme power or authority.
Example
Sovereignty is essential for a nation's identity.
主権は国家のアイデンティティにとって不可欠です。
C1 adjective /ˈstrætɪfaɪd/

stratified

Meaning
arranged or classified in layers or strata
Example
Society in the past was highly stratified based on class and wealth.
C1 verb ˈsɪn.θə.saɪ.zɪŋ

synthesizing

合成する, 組み合わせる, 論理的に提示する
Meaning
Combine (a number of things) into a coherent whole.
Example
He excels in synthesizing ideas from different sources.
彼は異なるソースからアイデアを合成するのが得意です。
C1 verb/noun /stuːp/

stoop

幸福
Meaning
To bend one's body forward and downward; also a small porch or staircase at the entrance of a house
Example
He had to stoop to pick up the coin.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸福を隠すことができませんでした。
C1 adjective /ˈskrʌmpʃəs/

scrumptious

美味しい
Meaning
extremely tasty or delicious
Example
She baked a scrumptious chocolate cake for the party.
彼女はパーティーのために美味しいチョコレートケーキを焼きました。
C1 adjective /ˈsnɒbɪʃ/

snobbish

高慢
Meaning
having or showing the attitude of people who think they are better than others
Example
She seemed snobbish because she avoided talking to the waiters.
彼女はウェイターと話すのを避けたので、高慢に見えました。
C1 adjective /ˈsɪnjuəs/

sinuous

曲がりくねった
Meaning
Having many curves, bends, or turns; winding.
Example
The hikers followed a sinuous path through the forest.
ハイカーたちは森を通る曲がりくねった道を進んだ。
C1 adjective /səˈsɛp.tə.bəl/

susceptible

特定の物事によって影響を受けやすい、または損傷を受けやすい
Meaning
Likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.
Example
Children are more susceptible to infections.
子供は感染症にかかりやすいです。
C1 noun /slæɡ/

slag

鉱滓
Meaning
Stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting process.
Example
The factory dumped the slag near the river.
工場は川の近くに鉱滓を捨てました。
C1 adjective /ˈspʌndʒi/

Spongy

スポンジ状
Meaning
soft and full of holes like a sponge; porous
Example
The cake had a light and spongy texture.
ケーキは軽くてスポンジ状の質感がありました。
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrpənˌtiːn/

serpentine

蛇行の
Meaning
Having the shape, movement, or qualities of a serpent; winding or twisting.
Example
The road took a serpentine path through the mountains.
その道は山を通り、蛇行する道を取った。
C1 noun ˌsætʃəˈreɪʃən

saturation

飽和
Meaning
The state of being saturated; the degree or extent to which something is dissolved or absorbed
Example
The saturation of the market with similar products reduced sales.
市場に同様の商品が溢れすぎて、販売が減少しました。
C1 adjective /ˈstɛriəˌtaɪpt/

stereotyped

固定観念的な
Meaning
Conforming to a fixed or oversimplified idea of what someone or something is like.
Example
His stereotyped jokes failed to impress the audience.
彼の固定観念的なジョークは観客を感動させられなかった。
C1 adjective /ˈswɛltərɪŋ/

sweltering

うだるような暑さ
Meaning
uncomfortably hot
Example
The sweltering heat made it hard to work.
うだるような暑さで仕事が難しくなった。
C1 adjective /ˈstʌm.pi/

Stumpy

短くて太い
Meaning
short and thick; having a short, thick appearance
Example
The stumpy little dog wagged its tail enthusiastically.
その短くて太い小さな犬は、興奮して尾を振っていました。
C1 verb /ˈsʌkɪŋ/

sucking

吸う
Meaning
Drawing in a liquid, air, or other substance through the mouth or a tube by creating a vacuum; also used figuratively for something unpleasant or ineffective
Example
The baby is sucking on a pacifier.
赤ちゃんが乳首を吸っています。
C1 verb/noun /skɒtʃ/

scotch

終わらせる / スコッチウイスキー
Meaning
to put an end to something; also a type of whisky
Example
The report scotched the rumors of a merger.
報告書は合併の噂を終わらせました。
C1 noun stɔːrm ɪnˌtensɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

storm intensification

嵐の強化
Meaning
The process by which storms become stronger and more severe in intensity.
Example
Storm intensification is linked to climate change.
嵐の強化は気候変動に関連しています。
C1 adjective /ˈseɪ.vər.i/

savory

風味のある（塩辛いまたは辛い）
Meaning
Having a pleasant salty or spicy taste; morally acceptable.
Example
The restaurant serves a variety of savory dishes.
そのレストランはさまざまな風味のある料理を提供しています。
C1 noun /skwɔːl/

squall

突風
Meaning
a sudden violent gust of wind, often accompanied by rain, snow, or sleet
Example
A sudden squall caught the sailors off guard.
突然の突風が船員たちを驚かせた。
C1 noun /ˌsɛlf ɪnˈdʌldʒəns/

self-indulgence

自己 indulgence
Meaning
The act of allowing oneself to enjoy pleasures or desires excessively.
Example
His weekend of self-indulgence included eating sweets and watching movies nonstop.
彼の自己満足の週末は、甘いものを食べて映画を見続けることが含まれていました。
C1 /splɪnt/

splint

添木
Meaning
A rigid device used to support and immobilize a broken or injured body part.
Example
The doctor applied a splint to stabilize the patient's broken arm.
医者は患者の折れた腕を安定させるために添木を使いました。
C1 adjective /ˈskrɔːni/

scrawny

痩せ細った
Meaning
very thin and bony, often looking unhealthy
Example
The scrawny boy could barely lift the heavy bag.
その痩せ細った少年は重いバッグをほとんど持ち上げることができなかった。
C1 noun /ˈstɪm.jʊ.laɪ/

stimuli

刺激
Meaning
Things that create reactions or provide motivation.
Example
Bright light and loud sounds are common stimuli for alertness.
明るい光と大きな音は、警戒のための一般的な刺激です。
C1 noun /ʃeɪl/

shale

頁岩
Meaning
a fine-grained sedimentary rock that can be split into thin layers
Example
The region is rich in shale and natural gas deposits.
その地域は頁岩と天然ガスの埋蔵量が豊富です。
C1 adjective /sɪər/

Sear

枯れた; 焼けた; 乾燥した
Meaning
withered; dried up; burned or scorched
Example
The sear leaves fell from the trees in autumn.
秋に枯れた葉が木から落ちました。
C1 verb /səbˈmɜːrdʒ/

submerge

沈める
Meaning
to put under water or cover with liquid
Example
The floodwaters threatened to submerge the village.
洪水の水が村を沈めると脅かしていました。
C1 noun /sɪˈtɑːr/

Sitar

シタール
Meaning
a traditional Indian stringed musical instrument with a long neck and resonating body
Example
The sitar creates beautiful ragas in Indian classical music.
シタールはインディアン・クラシック音楽の中で美しいラガを作り出します。
C1 noun /stɑːr fruːts/

Star Fruits

スターフルーツ
Meaning
yellow tropical fruits that form a star shape when sliced crosswise; tangy and crisp taste
Example
When you slice star fruits, they look like beautiful yellow stars on your plate.
スターフルーツを切ると、プレートの上に美しい黄色い星のように見えます。
C1 adjective /ˈsæk.rəˌsæŋkt/

sacrosanct

神聖不可侵
Meaning
Regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with; sacred.
Example
Freedom of speech is considered sacrosanct in democratic societies.
言論の自由は民主主義社会では神聖不可侵と見なされています。
C1 noun ˈsɛlfləsnɪs

selflessness

利他主義
Meaning
The quality of being concerned more with the needs of others than with one's own.
Example
Selflessness is a key value for community building.
利他主義はコミュニティ構築の重要な価値です。
C1 adjective /ˈskræpi/

scrappy

戦闘的 / 散らかった
Meaning
Determined and willing to fight or argue; also messy or disorganized.
Example
Despite being small, he was a scrappy fighter.
小さくても、彼は戦闘的な戦士でした。
C1 adjective /sɛkˈtɛəriən/

sectarian

宗派的
Meaning
relating to or characterized by the differences between sects, often leading to conflict
Example
The region has been troubled by sectarian violence for decades.
この地域は数十年にわたり宗派的な暴力に悩まされてきました。
C1 noun /ˈsʌn.stroʊk/

Sunstroke

熱中症
Meaning
a serious condition caused by overheating from prolonged exposure to high temperatures
Example
The worker suffered from sunstroke after working outside all day.
その労働者は一日中外で働いた後、日射病にかかりました。
C1 verb /spɔːn/

spawn

生み出す
Meaning
to produce or generate, often in large numbers
Example
The video game has spawned many sequels.
そのビデオゲームは多くの続編を生み出しました。
C1 adjective /ˈsɒnɪk/

sonic

音速の
Meaning
Relating to or involving sound waves or speed of sound.
Example
The jet created a loud boom when it broke the sonic barrier.
ジェット機は音速の壁を越えたとき、大きな爆発音を作り出しました。
C1 verb /səˈlɪsɪt/

solicit

お願いする
Meaning
to ask for or try to obtain something from someone
Example
The charity is soliciting donations for flood victims.
チャリティは洪水の被害者のために寄付を募っています。
C1 noun /sʌˈmeɪʃən/

summation

合計, 要約
Meaning
The process of adding things together; a summary of points.
Example
The lawyer gave a powerful summation of the case.
弁護士は事件の強力な要約を行った。
C1 verb /ˈstɪp.jʊ.leɪt/

stipulate

規定する
Meaning
to demand or specify a condition in an agreement or contract
Example
The contract stipulates that payment must be made within 30 days.
契約書には、支払いは30日以内に行われるべきであると明記されています。
C1 noun /ˈsæŋk.ʃən/

Sanction

制裁
Meaning
official permission or approval; a penalty for disobeying a rule
Example
The government imposed economic sanctions on the country.
政府はその国に対して経済制裁を科した。
C1 adjective /sɪˈkluːdɪd/

secluded

人里離れた
Meaning
Placed apart from other people or things; private and quiet.
Example
They spent their vacation in a secluded beach house.
彼らは人里離れたビーチハウスで休暇を過ごしました。
C1 adjective /ˈsek.j ə.l ər/

Secular

世俗的
Meaning
not connected with religious or spiritual matters; worldly
Example
The country maintains a secular government that separates religion from politics.
その国は宗教と政治を分離する世俗的な政府を維持している。
C1 verb /ʃraʊd/

shroud

覆う
Meaning
to cover or hide; to wrap in cloth
Example
The mountain peak was shrouded in mist.
山頂は霧に包まれていました。
C1 adjective /ˈskænti/

Scanty

小さいサイズまたは量; 不十分; ほとんど十分
Meaning
small in size or amount; insufficient; barely adequate
Example
The refugee camp had scanty food supplies.
難民キャンプにはわずかな食料供給がありました。
C1 verb /ˈsɪnɚdʒaɪzd/

synergized

シナジー効果が得られるようにする, 力を合わせる, 協力する
Meaning
Combine in such a way that the total effect is greater than the sum of the individual effects.
Example
The teams were synergized to maximize productivity.
チームは生産性を最大化するために協力しました。
C1 verb /swɜːrv/

swerve

急に方向を変える
Meaning
to change direction suddenly, especially to avoid hitting something
Example
The car swerved to avoid the dog.
車は犬を避けるために急に方向を変えた。
C1 noun, verb /səˈpiːnə/

subpoena

召喚状
Meaning
a legal document ordering someone to attend court; to summon someone with such a document
Example
The witness received a subpoena to appear in court next week.
証人は来週法廷に出廷するための召喚状を受け取った。
C1 noun /sɪˈkluːʒən/

seclusion

隠遁
Meaning
The state of being private, away from other people.
Example
She spent the weekend in complete seclusion in her cabin.
彼女はキャビンで完全に隠遁した週末を過ごしました。
C1 noun /sɪlk klɔːθ/

Silk cloth

シルクの布
Meaning
fabric made from natural fibers produced by silkworms
Example
The bride wore a beautiful dress made of silk cloth.
花嫁はシルクの布で作られた美しいドレスを着ていました。
C1 noun /səbˈvɜːrʒən/

subversion

転覆
Meaning
the act of trying to destroy or undermine an established system or authority
Example
The government accused the rebels of planning subversion.
政府は反乱者が転覆を計画していると非難した。
C1 noun /straɪf/

strife

争い、闘争
Meaning
angry or violent conflict; struggle or discord
Example
The region has been torn apart by political strife.
その地域は政治的な争いで引き裂かれました。
C1 noun /ˈseɪɑːns/

seance

霊的なセッション
Meaning
A meeting where people attempt to communicate with the spirits of the dead.
Example
They held a seance to contact their late grandmother.
彼らは亡くなった祖母と連絡を取るために霊的なセッションを開いた。
C1 noun /strəˈtiː.dʒɪk ˈɪn.saɪts/

strategic insights

戦略的洞察
Meaning
Deep understanding and wisdom gained through careful analysis for planning purposes.
Example
Strategic insights guide policymaking.
戦略的洞察は政策立案を導く。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛnʃənt/

sentient

感覚的
Meaning
Able to perceive or feel things.
Example
Humans are sentient beings capable of reasoning.
人間は推論する能力を持った感覚的存在です。
C1 noun /ˈstɛnsəl/

stencil

型抜き
Meaning
A thin sheet of material with a design cut out, used to produce the design on the surface below by applying paint or ink through the cut-out holes.
Example
The artist used a stencil to paint identical stars on the wall.
アーティストは壁に同じ星を描くために型抜きを使用しました。
C1 noun /ˈsɪlk.wɜːrm/

Silk-worm

かいこ
Meaning
the caterpillar of a moth that produces silk fibers used to make silk fabric
Example
Silkworms feed on mulberry leaves to produce silk.
カイコは桑の葉を食べて、絹を生産します。
C1 verb /ʃʌnt/

shunt

切り替える
Meaning
to move or turn aside; to push or divert from one track to another
Example
The train was shunted onto a different track.
列車は別の線路に切り替えられました。
C1 noun /ˈskaʊndrəl/

scoundrel

悪党
Meaning
a dishonest or unscrupulous person; a villain
Example
That scoundrel cheated the old man out of his savings.
その悪党は老人から貯金を騙し取った。
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪk/

satiric

皮肉な
Meaning
Relating to or using satire.
Example
The novel takes a satiric view of urban life.
その小説は都市生活を皮肉な視点で描いています。
C1 noun /ˈsɪmətri/

symmetry

対称
Meaning
the quality of having balanced proportions or identical parts facing each other
Example
The building’s symmetry impressed the visitors.
建物の対称性は訪問者に感銘を与えました。
C1 verb /ʃɜːrk/

shirk

避ける
Meaning
to avoid or neglect a duty or responsibility
Example
He always tries to shirk his responsibilities at work.
彼は仕事で責任を避けようといつも試みます。
C1 verb /slɪŋk/

slink

忍び寄る
Meaning
to move quietly and secretly, often to avoid being noticed
Example
The cat slunk into the room without making a sound.
その猫は音を立てずに部屋に忍び込んだ。
C1 adjective /ˈspɛktrəl/

spectral

幽霊のような
Meaning
Relating to a ghost or specter; ghostly. Also relating to a spectrum.
Example
The old mansion had a spectral atmosphere at night.
古い館には夜、幽霊のような雰囲気が漂っていた。
C1 noun /ˈseɪ.tən/

Satan

サタン
Meaning
the chief evil spirit; the Devil in Christian and Islamic belief
Example
According to religious texts, Satan tempts people to sin.
宗教的な文献によると、サタンは人々を罪に導く。
C1 noun /ˈsed.ɪ.mənt/

Sediment

堆積物
Meaning
matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid; particles deposited by water or wind
Example
The river carried sediment downstream during the flood.
川は洪水の間に堆積物を下流へ運んだ。
C1 noun /ˌsæbəˈtɜːr/

saboteur

破壊工作員
Meaning
A person who engages in sabotage.
Example
The saboteur was arrested before he could plant the bomb.
破壊工作員は爆弾を設置する前に逮捕されました。
C1 adjective /səbˈmɪs.ɪv/

Submissive

従順; 服従的; 謙虚な
Meaning
ready to obey others; yielding to authority; humble and compliant
Example
She became submissive after years of harsh treatment.
厳しい扱いの後、彼女は従順になった。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌbstəntɪv/

substantive

重要
Meaning
Having a firm basis in reality; important, meaningful, or considerable.
Example
The company made substantive changes to its policy.
会社はその方針に重要な変更を加えました。
C1 noun səbˈsɪs.təns

subsistence

生計
Meaning
The action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself at a minimum level.
Example
Many farmers depend on subsistence agriculture.
多くの農民は自給農業に依存しています。
C1 verb /snɪər/

sneer

冷笑する
Meaning
to smile or speak in a mocking or contemptuous way
Example
She sneered at his attempt to sing.
彼女は彼の歌おうとしたことを嘲笑した。
C1 noun /səbˈdʒɛkʃən/

subjection

服従
Meaning
the act of bringing someone or something under control or domination
Example
The people suffered under the subjection of a cruel ruler.
人々は残虐な支配者の下で苦しんでいた。
C1 noun/verb /skɜːrdʒ/

scourge

Meaning
A source of great pain or punishment; to whip or inflict suffering on someone.
Example
Disease and poverty remain a scourge in many regions.
C1 verb /skwɪnt/

squint

目を細める
Meaning
to look with partly closed eyes
Example
She squinted at the bright sunlight.
彼女は明るい日差しで目を細めた。
C1 adjective /ˌsɛrənˈdɪpɪtəs/

serendipitous

偶然の幸運
Meaning
Occurring or discovered by chance in a happy or beneficial way.
Example
Their meeting at the café was purely serendipitous.
カフェでの彼らの出会いは完全に偶然の幸運でした。
C1 noun /ˈskep.tɪ.sɪ.zəm/

skepticism

懐疑主義, 疑念
Meaning
A skeptical attitude; doubt as to the truth of something.
Example
His skepticism about new technology often makes him resistant to change.
新しい技術に対する彼の懐疑主義は、彼を変化に対して抵抗力を持たせる。
C1 adjective /səˈriːn/

serene

静かで平和な
Meaning
Calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
Example
The lake had a serene and peaceful atmosphere.
湖は静かで平和な雰囲気を持っていました。
C1 verb sɪˈkwɛstər

sequester

隔離する, 隠す
Meaning
To isolate or hide away.
Example
The carbon captured by trees can be sequestered for years.
木々によって捕えられた炭素は、何年も隔離されることがあります。
C1 noun səˈsteɪnəbəl ˈpræktɪsɪz

sustainable practices

持続可能な実践
Meaning
Methods and activities that can be maintained over time without depleting natural resources or harming the environment.
Example
Sustainable practices are vital for environmental preservation.
持続可能な実践は環境保護にとって重要です。
C1 noun /səˈvænə/

savanna

サバンナ（散在する木々がある草原）
Meaning
a grassy plain with scattered trees, typical of tropical and subtropical regions
Example
Giraffes browsed on acacia trees across the wide savanna.
キリンは広いサバンナでアカシアの木の葉を食べていました。
C1 verb /skwiːl/

squeal

叫ぶ
Meaning
to make a high-pitched cry; to inform on someone
Example
The children squealed with delight when they saw the surprise.
子供たちはサプライズを見て喜んで叫びました。
C1 adjective /ˈspraɪtli/

sprightly

活発な
Meaning
full of energy and life; lively
Example
The sprightly old man danced with joy at the wedding.
活発な老紳士は結婚式で喜びながら踊った。
C1 noun /sɔɪl ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/

soil management

土壌管理
Meaning
The application of operations, practices, and treatments to protect soil and enhance its performance.
Example
Proper soil management improves long-term agricultural productivity.
適切な土壌管理は、長期的な農業生産性を向上させます。
C1 noun /ˈstɪmjʊlənt/

stimulant

興奮剤
Meaning
A substance that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body.
Example
Coffee is a common stimulant that helps people stay awake.
コーヒーは一般的な興奮剤で、人々が目を覚ますのを助けます
C1 noun /ˈsɪməli/

simile

直喩
Meaning
A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another using 'like' or 'as'.
Example
She used a simile to describe her eyes as bright as stars.
彼女は自分の目を星のように明るいと表現するために直喩を使いました。
C1 noun, verb /ˈskʌf.əl/

scuffle

乱闘
Meaning
a short, confused fight or struggle; to engage in such a fight
Example
Two players scuffled on the field after the foul.
ファウルの後、二人の選手がフィールドで殴り合った。
C1 verb /səˈkʌm/

succumb

Meaning
To give in to pressure, temptation, or illness; to yield or fail to resist.
Example
He finally succumbed to his illness after a long struggle.
C1 noun /ˈsuːtər/

suitor

求婚者
Meaning
a man who pursues a relationship with a woman, often with the intent to marry
Example
She had many suitors vying for her attention.
彼女には彼女の注意を争う求婚者がたくさんいた。
C1 adjective /ˈsted.fæst/

Steadfast

不動の; 固い; 揺るがない
Meaning
firm in belief, determination, or adherence; unwavering
Example
She remained steadfast in her commitment to helping the poor.
彼女は貧しい人々を助けるという自分の誓いに不動であり続けました。
C1 noun /səbˈmɪtəl/

submittal

提出
Meaning
the act of submitting something, especially a document for consideration or approval
Example
The contractor sent the submittal to the client for approval.
請負業者は承認のために提出物を顧客に送信しました。
C1 noun /ˈsɛdətɪv/

sedative

鎮静剤
Meaning
A substance that calms the nerves or induces sleep.
Example
The doctor prescribed a sedative to help the patient sleep.
医者は患者が眠れるように鎮静剤を処方しました。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌltri/

sultry

蒸し暑く湿った、魅力的な
Meaning
Uncomfortably hot and humid; also describes someone attractive in a passionate or sensual way.
Example
The sultry weather made it hard to focus on work.
蒸し暑い天気は仕事に集中するのを難しくしました。
C1 noun/verb /snɛər/

snare

罠
Meaning
a trap for catching animals; to catch or trap
Example
The hunter set a snare to catch rabbits.
ハンターはウサギを捕まえるために罠を仕掛けました。
C1 verb /skɒf/

scoff

嘲笑する
Meaning
to speak about something in a mocking or dismissive way
Example
He scoffed at the idea of moving abroad.
彼は海外に引っ越すというアイデアを嘲笑しました。
C1 adjective /ˌsɛlf ˈraɪtʃəs/

self-righteous

自己満足
Meaning
Having or showing an attitude of moral superiority; believing one’s own beliefs are the only right ones.
Example
His self-righteous comments made everyone uncomfortable.
彼の自己満足的なコメントは、みんなを不快にさせました。
C1 adjective /ˈspɪndli/

spindly

細くて弱い
Meaning
Long, thin, and weak-looking
Example
The spindly tree bent under the weight of the snow.
細い木が雪の重みで曲がった。
C1 noun /sɪˈnɪləti/

senility

老衰
Meaning
The state of being old and showing the weaknesses of age, especially mental decline.
Example
His forgetfulness was attributed to senility.
彼の忘れっぽさは老衰によるものとされました。
C1 adjective /səkˈsɪŋkt/

succinct

簡潔
Meaning
Briefly and clearly expressed; characterized by clear, precise expression in few words.
Example
His speech was succinct and impactful.
彼のスピーチは簡潔で印象的でした。
C1 adjective /swɑːv/

suave

魅力的で洗練された
Meaning
charming, confident, and elegant, often in a smooth or polished way
Example
He was a suave gentleman who impressed everyone at the party.
彼はパーティーで全員に感銘を与えた洗練された紳士だった。
C1 noun ˌsʌb.sɪ.dɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

subsidization

助成金
Meaning
Financial assistance provided by government to make certain goods or services more affordable.
Example
Subsidization of agriculture helps farmers maintain crop production.
農業の助成金は、農家が作物の生産を維持するのに役立ちます。
C1 verb /ˈstaɪfəld/

stifled

抑える
Meaning
to suppress, hold back, or prevent something from happening
Example
He stifled a laugh during the serious meeting.
彼は真面目な会議中に笑いを抑えた。