C2 adjective /ˈspaɪnəs/

spinous

棘のある

Meaning

Having spines or thorn-like projections

Example

The spinous cactus was difficult to handle without gloves.

その棘のあるサボテンは手袋なしでは取り扱いにくかった。

C2 adjective /ˌsuːprəˈmʌndeɪn/

supramundane

超俗的

Meaning

beyond the physical or ordinary world; transcendent

Example

The monk spoke of supramundane peace beyond material life.

僧侶は物質的な生活を超えた超俗的な平和について話しました。

C1 adjective /spəˈrædɪk/

sporadic

散発的

Meaning

Occurring irregularly or in scattered instances rather than continuously.

Example

The region experienced sporadic rain showers throughout the week.

その地域は1週間にわたって散発的な雨が降りました。

B1 noun /stiːl/

steel

スチール

Meaning

a strong, hard metal made of iron and carbon

Example

The building was made from steel to ensure its durability.

その建物は耐久性を確保するためにスチールで作られました。

B1 verb /spaɪ/

spy

スパイする

Meaning

to secretly collect information about a person, group, or country

Example

He was caught spying on his neighbor through the window.

彼は窓越しに隣人をスパイしているところを捕まえられた。

C1 adjective /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdəl/

Suicidal

自殺的

Meaning

relating to or having thoughts of killing oneself; extremely dangerous or harmful

Example

The reckless driving was suicidal behavior.

無謀な運転は自殺的な行動でした。

B2 verb /səˈluːt/

salute

敬礼

Meaning

to greet with respect; to honor

Example

The soldiers saluted their commanding officer.

兵士たちは指揮官に敬礼した。

C1 verb /səbˈsɪst/

subsist

生き延びる

Meaning

To maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level.

Example

Many villagers still subsist on fishing and farming.

多くの村人は今でも漁業と農業で生計を立てています。

C2 noun /ˈsweɪʒən/

suasion

説得

Meaning

the act of persuading or influencing someone

Example

The leader used gentle suasion to win support for the plan.

リーダーは計画への支援を得るために穏やかな説得を使用しました。

C1 noun /ˈsuːtər/

suitor

求婚者

Meaning

a man who pursues a relationship with a woman, often with the intent to marry

Example

She had many suitors vying for her attention.

彼女には彼女の注意を争う求婚者がたくさんいた。

B1 noun /stoʊv/

Stove

ストーブ

Meaning

a kitchen appliance used for cooking food by applying heat

Example

She cooked dinner on the gas stove.

彼女はガスストーブで夕食を作った。

C1 noun /ˈskaɪ.lɑːrk/

Sky-Lark

ヒバリ

Meaning

a small brown bird known for singing while flying high in the sky

Example

The skylark sang beautifully as it soared above the meadow.

ヒバリは草地の上を飛びながら美しく歌った。

B1 noun /ˌsaʊθˈiːst/

southeast

南東

Meaning

the direction that is between south and east; a region in that direction

Example

The city is located in the southeast of the country.

その都市は国の南東に位置しています。

C1 noun /ˈstætʃuːt/

statute

法律

Meaning

A written law passed by a legislative body.

Example

The new statute protects workers' rights.

新しい法律は労働者の権利を保護します。

C2 adjective /ˌsuː.pɚˈsɪl.i.əs/

supercilious

傲慢な

Meaning

Behaving or looking as though one thinks one is superior to others; arrogant and disdainful.

Example

She gave him a supercilious smile as if he was beneath her.

彼女は彼に傲慢な笑顔を見せた、まるで彼が彼女より下のように。

C1 noun ˈsɪn.tæks

syntax

構文

Meaning

The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.

Example

Programming languages follow strict syntax rules.

プログラミング言語は厳格な構文ルールに従います。

A2 adjective /ˈsəʊʃəl/

social

社会的

Meaning

relating to society or its organization

Example

She has a very social personality and enjoys meeting new people.

彼女は非常に社交的な性格で、新しい人々に会うのが好きです。

C1 adjective ˌsəʊsɪəʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl

sociopolitical

社会政治的

Meaning

Combining social and political factors.

Example

Sociopolitical factors often influence public policy decisions.

社会政治的要因はしばしば公共政策決定に影響を与えます。

C2 noun /ˈseɪpiəns/

sapience

知恵

Meaning

Wisdom or intelligence.

Example

Her sapience in solving problems earned her the respect of her colleagues.

問題解決における彼女の知恵は、同僚たちの尊敬を集めました。

C1 noun /ˈstændˌstɪl/

standstill

停滞

Meaning

a situation in which all movement or activity stops

Example

The traffic came to a standstill after the accident.

事故後、交通は停滞しました。

B2 adjective /ˈʃeɪm.fəl/

Shameful

恥ずかしい; 不名誉な; 恥ずかしい

Meaning

causing shame; disgraceful; embarrassing

Example

His shameful behavior embarrassed the entire family.

彼の恥ずかしい行動は家族全員を困惑させました。

B1 noun /ˈʃel.tər/

Shelter

避難所

Meaning

a place giving temporary protection from bad weather or danger

Example

The hikers found shelter in a cave during the heavy rain.

ハイカーたちは大雨の間、洞窟の中に避難所を見つけた。

B2 noun /siːdʒ/

Sieze

包囲

Meaning

a military operation to capture a place by surrounding it and cutting off supplies

Example

The siege of the castle lasted for three months.

城塞の包囲は三ヶ月続いた。

C2 adjective /səˈleɪʃəs/

salacious

わいせつな

Meaning

Having or conveying undue or inappropriate sexual interest.

Example

The tabloid published a salacious story about the celebrity.

タブロイドはそのセレブに関するわいせつな話を公開した。

B2 noun ˈsʌbˌaɪtəlz

subtitles

字幕

Meaning

Captions displayed at the bottom of a movie or television screen that translate or transcribe the dialogue or narrative.

Example

Use subtitles for better understanding.

より良い理解のために字幕を使用してください。

A2 adjective /ˈsɪmələr/

Similar

似ている; 共通の特徴がある

Meaning

alike; having characteristics in common

Example

The two sisters have similar interests in music.

二人の姉妹は音楽に関して似たような興味を持っています。

C1 adjective /ˈskwiːmɪʃ/

squeamish

簡単に気分が悪くなったり、吐き気を催したり、嫌悪感を抱いたりする

Meaning

easily made to feel sick, faint, or disgusted

Example

She felt squeamish at the sight of blood.

彼女は血を見て気分が悪くなった。

C1 adjective /steɪd/

staid

堅実、尊敬される

Meaning

Serious, respectable, and unadventurous.

Example

He came from a staid family background.

彼は堅実な家庭から来た。

B2 adjective /slæk/

slack

緩い

Meaning

not tight, firm, or busy; lacking tension or activity

Example

Business is slack during the rainy season.

雨季の間、ビジネスは鈍くなる。

C2 noun /ˌsɪɡnɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

signification

意味

Meaning

the meaning or sense conveyed by a word, action, or symbol

Example

The signification of the gesture was misunderstood.

そのジェスチャーの意味は誤解されていました。

C2 noun /spɪˈlʌŋkər/

spelunker

洞窟探検家

Meaning

A person who explores caves as a hobby.

Example

The spelunker carried ropes and lights into the dark cave.

洞窟探検家は暗い洞窟にロープとライトを持って行きました。

C2 adjective /sʌbˈdʒeɪsənt/

subjacent

下層の

Meaning

lying immediately beneath; underlying

Example

The geological survey revealed subjacent layers of rock.

地質調査は下層の岩層を明らかにした。

C1 adjective /ˈsɛnʃuəs/

sensuous

官能的

Meaning

Relating to or affecting the senses rather than the intellect; pleasing to the senses.

Example

The garden was filled with sensuous colors and fragrances.

庭は官能的な色と香りで満たされていた。

C1 verb /skwiːl/

squeal

叫ぶ

Meaning

to make a high-pitched cry; to inform on someone

Example

The children squealed with delight when they saw the surprise.

子供たちはサプライズを見て喜んで叫びました。

B2 noun /speɪd/

Spade

シャベル

Meaning

a tool with a flat blade for digging; a playing card suit

Example

The gardener used a spade to dig holes for planting flowers.

庭師は花を植えるために穴を掘るためにシャベルを使いました。

C1 noun ˈsɛlf pəˈzɪʃən

self-possession

自己抑制

Meaning

The quality of being calm and confident and in control of one's emotions; composure.

Example

His self-possession during the crisis was remarkable.

彼の危機的な状況での自己抑制は素晴らしかった。

B1 verb /ʃɪft/

shift

シフトする

Meaning

To move or change from one place, position, or situation to another.

Example

She had to shift her focus to the new project.

彼女は新しいプロジェクトに焦点を移さなければならなかった。

C2 verb /seɪt/

sate

満たす

Meaning

To satisfy fully or to excess.

Example

The huge meal sated their hunger after the long journey.

長い旅の後、巨大な食事が彼らの空腹を満たした。

B2 noun /ˈsɪnθɪsɪs/

synthesis

統合, 組み合わせ

Meaning

The combination of ideas to form a theory or system.

Example

The synthesis of ideas from multiple perspectives led to innovation.

複数の視点からのアイデアの統合が革新をもたらしました。

C2 adverb /ˌsʌb ˈroʊzə/

sub rosa

秘密裏に

Meaning

secretly, in confidence, or in private

Example

The deal was made sub rosa to avoid public scrutiny.

取引はサブローザで行われ、公衆の監視を避けるためでした。

B2 adjective /ˈsiː.z ə n.əl/

Seasonal

季節的

Meaning

relating to or occurring in a particular season; changing according to the seasons

Example

Many businesses hire seasonal workers during the holidays.

多くの企業は休暇中に季節労働者を雇います。

B1 noun ˈsɪs.təmz

systems

システム

Meaning

A set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole.

Example

Effective systems improve productivity.

効果的なシステムは生産性を向上させます。

B2 adjective strəˈtiː.dʒɪk

strategic

戦略的

Meaning

Relating to the identification of long-term or overall aims and interests and the means of achieving them.

Example

Strategic policies enhance competitiveness.

戦略的な政策は競争力を高めます。

A2 noun /ˈsɪl.vər/

Silver

銀

Meaning

a shiny white precious metal used for making jewelry and ornaments

Example

The silver ring sparkled in the sunlight.

銀の指輪は日光で輝いていました。

B2 verb /skwiːz/

squeeze

絞る

Meaning

to press something firmly, especially from all sides in order to extract or compress it

Example

She squeezed the toothpaste to get the last bit.

彼女は歯磨き粉のチューブを絞って、最後の一滴を出しました。

B2 adjective ˌsɪm.əlˈteɪ.ni.əs

simultaneous

同時

Meaning

Occurring, operating, or done at the same time.

Example

Simultaneous crop failures affect global food supply.

同時の作物の失敗は、世界的な食料供給に影響を与えます。

C1 noun /ˈskruːpəl/

scruple

良心の呵責

Meaning

A moral or ethical consideration that restrains actions.

Example

He had no scruples about lying to get ahead.

彼は前進するために嘘をつくことに対して良心の呵責を感じていなかった。

C2 adjective /ˈsfɪŋks laɪk/

sphinx-like

神秘的な

Meaning

Mysterious, enigmatic, or difficult to interpret

Example

Her sphinx-like smile made it hard to guess what she was thinking.

彼女のスフィンクスのような微笑みは、彼女が何を考えているのかを予測するのを難しくさせた。

C2 noun /ˈslæt.ən/

slattern

だらしない女性

Meaning

a woman who is untidy or slovenly in appearance or habits

Example

The house looked as if a slattern lived there.

その家は、だらしない女性が住んでいるように見えた。

C2 noun /ˈsɪmpəltən/

simpleton

おバカさん

Meaning

a foolish or gullible person

Example

They treated him like a simpleton who could not understand anything complex.

彼らは彼を、何も複雑なことが理解できないおバカさんのように扱いました。

C1 adjective ˈsɒvrɪn

sovereign

主権の, 最高の

Meaning

Possessing supreme or ultimate power; independent.

Example

The sovereign government has control over its currency.

主権政府は自国の通貨を管理している。

C1 noun, adjective /ˈsɒlvənt/

solvent

溶剤, 債務を支払う能力

Meaning

a liquid that dissolves other substances; also means able to pay debts

Example

Acetone is a common solvent used in laboratories.

アセトンは実験室でよく使われる溶剤です。

B2 adjective /sɪˈlek.tɪv/

Selective

選択的

Meaning

relating to or involving careful selection; choosy about what to accept

Example

The university has a selective admission process for new students.

大学には新入生のための選択的な入学プロセスがあります。

B2 adjective /spɒnˈteɪniəs/

Spontaneous

自発的な

Meaning

done without planning; natural and unforced

Example

Their spontaneous dance in the rain was beautiful.

雨の中で彼らの自発的なダンスは美しかった。

C1 noun /ˈsiːskeɪp/

seascape

海の景色

Meaning

A view or painting of the sea.

Example

The artist painted a beautiful seascape at sunset.

アーティストは夕日で美しい海の景色を描きました。

B2 noun/verb /ˈsæd.əl/

saddle

馬の鞍; 誰かに責任を負わせる

Meaning

A seat fastened on the back of a horse for riding; to burden someone with a responsibility.

Example

He saddled the horse before going for a ride.

彼は乗馬の前に馬にサドルをつけた。

A2 abbreviation (noun/pronoun) /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

sth.

何か

Meaning

abbreviation for 'something'

Example

Can you give me sth. to write with?

書くために何かをくれますか？

B2 noun /skʌl/

Skull

頭蓋骨

Meaning

the bony framework of the head that protects the brain

Example

The doctor examined the skull X-ray carefully.

医者は慎重に頭蓋骨のX線写真を調べました。

A1 verb /stɑːrt/

start

開始する

Meaning

to begin something; to commence; to initiate

Example

Let's start the meeting now.

今すぐ会議を開始しましょう。

C1 noun /ʃraɪn/

Shrine

聖地; 神殿; 祈りの場

Meaning

a holy or sacred place dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor, hero, or saint

Example

Pilgrims visit the shrine to pray for good health.

巡礼者たちは健康を祈るために神殿を訪れます。

C1 adjective /ˈstoʊɪk/

stoic

冷静な, 無感情な

Meaning

Showing little or no emotion, even in difficult situations.

Example

She remained stoic during the crisis, never showing fear or panic.

彼女は危機の間、冷静で恐怖やパニックを示さなかった。

C2 noun /ˈstrɪndʒənsi/

stringency

厳格さ

Meaning

the quality of being strict, precise, or severe

Example

The stringency of the new rules surprised everyone.

新しい規則の厳格さはみんなを驚かせました。

B2 adjective ˈstrʌktʃərd

structured

構造化

Meaning

Having a clear organization or framework; systematically arranged.

Example

A structured execution plan is crucial for success.

構造化された実行計画は成功にとって重要です。

B2 verb /straɪd/

stride

長い決定的な歩幅で歩く；進展する

Meaning

to walk with long, decisive steps; to make progress

Example

She strode confidently across the stage.

彼女は自信を持ってステージを歩いた。

B2 adjective /ˈsoʊlər/

solar

太陽の

Meaning

Relating to or determined by the sun

Example

The house is powered by solar energy.

この家は太陽エネルギーで動いています。

C1 verb /snɪp/

snip

切る

Meaning

to cut something quickly with scissors or a sharp tool

Example

She snipped the loose thread from her dress.

彼女はドレスの緩んだ糸を切りました。

Meaning

To wrap or cover closely or completely.

Example

She swathed the baby in a soft blanket.

B2 adverb /səbˈstænʃəli/

substantially

大幅に

Meaning

to a great extent or degree

Example

The new policy has substantially improved working conditions.

新しい政策は労働条件を大幅に改善しました。

C1 noun /səˈprɛʃən/

suppression

抑制

Meaning

the act of forcibly stopping something or holding back feelings or actions

Example

The suppression of free speech led to protests.

言論の自由の抑制は抗議を引き起こした。

B2 adjective /stɜːrn/

Stern

厳格な; 厳しい

Meaning

serious and demanding exact conformity to rules; strict and severe

Example

The teacher gave the students a stern warning about cheating.

教師は学生に対してカンニングについて厳しい警告を与えました。

C2 noun /ˈswɑːvɪti/

suavity

優雅さと魅力

Meaning

smoothness and charm in manner

Example

His suavity made him popular in social gatherings.

彼の優雅さと魅力は社交の場で彼を人気者にした。

C1 adjective /smʌɡ/

smug

自惚れた

Meaning

having or showing an excessive pride in oneself or one's achievements

Example

He wore a smug smile after winning the debate.

彼は議論に勝った後、自惚れた笑顔を見せた。

A2 adjective /skaɪ bluː/

Sky-blue

空色

Meaning

a bright blue color like that of a clear sky

Example

Her sky-blue eyes sparkled in the sunlight.

彼女の空色の目が太陽の光で輝いていた。

B2 noun /ˈsɛntəmənt/

Sentiment

感情

Meaning

a feeling or opinion, especially one based on emotion; tender feelings of affection

Example

Public sentiment was strongly against the new policy.

世論は新しい政策に強く反対していた。

C1 noun /ˌsɛlf ɪnˈdʌldʒəns/

self-indulgence

自己 indulgence

Meaning

The act of allowing oneself to enjoy pleasures or desires excessively.

Example

His weekend of self-indulgence included eating sweets and watching movies nonstop.

彼の自己満足の週末は、甘いものを食べて映画を見続けることが含まれていました。

C1 adjective /suːˈpɜːrlətɪv/

superlative

最上級

Meaning

Of the highest quality or degree; expressing the extreme form of an adjective or adverb.

Example

Her performance was superlative, earning her a standing ovation.

彼女のパフォーマンスは最上級で、スタンディングオベーションを受けました。

C1 adjective səˈblaɪm

sublime

崇高, 壮大, 卓越

Meaning

Of such excellence, grandeur, or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe.

Example

The sublime beauty of the mountain landscape took my breath away.

山の風景の崇高な美しさは私の息を奪いました。

B1 noun /ˌsæt.ɪsˈfæk.ʃən/

Satisfaction

満足

Meaning

fulfillment of one's wishes, expectations, or needs

Example

She felt great satisfaction after completing the project.

プロジェクトを完成させた後、彼女は大きな満足感を感じました。

C1 adjective /ˈʃeɪp.ləs/

Shapeless

形のない

Meaning

having no definite or well-defined shape or form

Example

The fog created a shapeless mass in the distance.

霧は遠くに形のない塊を作り出しました。

B2 verb /ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/

struggling

格闘する

Meaning

Making forceful or violent efforts to get free of restraint or constriction; having difficulty achieving something.

Example

Many regions are struggling with economic recovery.

多くの地域が経済回復に苦しんでいます。

B2 adjective/noun /staʊt/

stout

丈夫 / ぶ厚い

Meaning

Strong, thick, or heavily built; also a kind of dark beer

Example

The stout man lifted the heavy box with ease.

その丈夫な男性は重い箱を簡単に持ち上げました。

A2 adjective /ʃɑːrp/

Sharp

鋭い; 強烈な; 突然で強い; 理解が速い

Meaning

having a cutting edge or point; sudden and intense; quick to understand

Example

The knife has a very sharp blade.

ナイフは非常に鋭い刃を持っています。

A2 noun /siːt/

seat

席

Meaning

a place to sit, especially a chair or other place for sitting

Example

I reserved a seat for you at the concert.

コンサートであなたのために席を予約しました。

C1 noun /ˈsɜːrəɡət/

surrogate

代理人

Meaning

A substitute, especially a person deputizing for another in a specific role or office.

Example

The surrogate mother gave birth to the child after carrying it for nine months.

代理母は九か月間子どもを妊娠してから子どもを出産した。

A2 adverb /ˈslaɪtli/

slightly

少し

Meaning

to a small degree or extent

Example

The temperature has slightly increased today.

今日、温度は少し上昇しました。

B2 verb /stɜːr/

stir

かき混ぜる

Meaning

to mix or move something in a circular motion, especially in liquid

Example

She stirred the soup to make sure it didn't burn.

彼女はスープをかき混ぜて、焦げないようにした。

B1 noun /ˈsʌn.flaʊər/

Sun flower

ひまわり

Meaning

a large yellow flower that turns to face the sun

Example

The sunflower field looked amazing in the bright sunlight.

ひまわり畑は明るい日差しの中で素晴らしく見えました。

C1 adjective /ˈsɪn.tɪ.leɪ.tɪŋ/

scintillating

きらめく

Meaning

brilliantly clever, exciting, or sparkling

Example

Her scintillating conversation kept everyone entertained.

彼女のきらめく会話は皆を楽しませた。

B1 adjective /səˈpəʊzd/

supposed

仮定された

Meaning

generally believed or assumed, but not necessarily true

Example

This is the supposed solution to the problem.

これは問題の仮定された解決策です。

C2 noun /sfɪˈrɒmɪtər/

spherometer

球面測定器

Meaning

An instrument used for measuring the curvature of spherical surfaces.

Example

The scientist used a spherometer to measure the lens curvature.

科学者はレンズの曲率を測定するためにスフェロメーターを使用しました。

B2 noun /stɪŋk/

Stink

悪臭; 臭い

Meaning

a strong unpleasant smell; bad odor

Example

The garbage created a terrible stink in the kitchen.

ゴミは台所でひどい悪臭を引き起こしました。

B2 adjective /ˈslɪp.ər.i/

Slippery

滑りやすい

Meaning

smooth and difficult to hold; causing sliding or slipping

Example

The wet floor was very slippery after cleaning.

清掃後、濡れた床はとても滑りやすかった。

C2 noun /ˈsteɪtkraft/

statecraft

国政術

Meaning

The art of governing and managing state affairs effectively.

Example

The leader was praised for his exceptional statecraft in handling international relations.

リーダーは国際関係を扱う際の卓越した国政術に対して称賛されました。

A2 adverb /ˈsloʊli/

slowly

ゆっくり

Meaning

in a slow manner

Example

She walked slowly to the door.

彼女はゆっくりとドアに向かって歩いた。

C2 noun /spjuːm/

spume

泡

Meaning

Froth or foam, especially found on waves or liquids.

Example

The waves crashed against the rocks, leaving spume in the air.

波が岩にぶつかり、空気中に泡を残した。

B2 noun /ˈspesɪmən/

Specimen

標本; 試料; サンプル

Meaning

an individual example of something; a sample collected for scientific study or testing

Example

The scientist collected a blood specimen for analysis.

科学者は分析のために血液の標本を集めました。

B1 noun /soʊl/

Soul

魂

Meaning

the spiritual or immaterial essence of a human being or animal; a person's emotional or intellectual nature

Example

She poured her heart and soul into her artwork.

彼女は芸術作品に心と魂を込めました。

C1 adjective /ˈsiː.di/

Seedy

種でいっぱい; 汚くて評判が悪い; 廃れた

Meaning

squalid and disreputable; shabby and run-down; full of seeds

Example

They avoided walking through the seedy part of town at night.

彼らは夜に汚くて評判が悪い街の部分を歩くのを避けていた。

A2 noun/verb /ˈsiːzən/

season

季節 / 味付け

Meaning

One of the four periods of the year characterized by specific weather conditions; also, to add flavor to food.

Example

Spring is my favorite season of the year.

春は私のお気に入りのシーズンです。

B2 noun ˈʃɔːtkʌmɪŋz

shortcomings

欠点

Meaning

A fault or failure to meet a certain standard; deficiencies.

Example

Institutional shortcomings affect student behavior negatively.

制度的な欠点は学生の行動に悪影響を与える。

B2 noun /ˈsnoʊ.fɔːl/

Snowfall

雪降り

Meaning

the process of snow falling from the sky; the amount of snow that falls

Example

The heavy snowfall blocked all the roads yesterday.

昨日の大雪で全ての道路が閉鎖されました。

C2 noun /sɪˈdɪʃ.ən/

Sedition

反乱罪

Meaning

conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against authority; treason

Example

The activist was charged with sedition for his inflammatory speeches.

活動家はその扇動的な演説のために反乱罪で起訴された。

A2 noun /ˈʃaʊər/

shower

Meaning

a brief fall of rain or snow or a device for taking a bath or washing oneself

Example

After the workout, I took a quick shower to refresh myself.