C1 noun səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

sophistication

高度な複雑さまたは洗練

Meaning

High level of complexity or refinement.

Example

The sophistication of modern AI technology is remarkable.

現代のAI技術の洗練さは驚くべきものです。

C1 adjective /sər'pæs.ɪŋ/

Surpassing

卓越; 優れた; 非常に優れた

Meaning

exceeding; going beyond; outstanding

Example

Her surpassing beauty made everyone stop and stare.

彼女の卓越した美しさは、誰もが立ち止まり、見入ってしまった。

C1 adjective /ˈstɪndʒi/

stingy

けち

Meaning

unwilling to spend or give; miserly

Example

He is too stingy to buy a gift for his friend.

彼は友達へのプレゼントを買うにはあまりにけちだ。

C1 adjective /ˈstɔːlwərt/

stalwart

忠実, 頑強

Meaning

Loyal, reliable, and hardworking; strongly built or sturdy.

Example

She has always been a stalwart supporter of the community.

彼女は常にコミュニティの忠実な支持者でした。

C1 verb /ˈstæɡ.neɪt/

stagnate

停滞する

Meaning

to stop developing, progressing, or moving

Example

Without innovation, the business will stagnate.

革新がなければ、ビジネスは停滞する。

C1 adjective /ˈʃɪp.ʃeɪp/

Shipshape

きちんと整頓された; よく整理された; 良好な状態

Meaning

neat and tidy; in good order; well-organized

Example

Everything was shipshape before the inspection.

検査の前にすべてが完璧でした。

C1 adjective /ˈsæv.i/

savvy

賢い, 熟練した

Meaning

Having practical knowledge and the ability to make good judgments.

Example

She is a tech-savvy entrepreneur.

彼女はテクノロジーに詳しい起業家です。

C1 adjective /sɪər/

Sear

枯れた; 焼けた; 乾燥した

Meaning

withered; dried up; burned or scorched

Example

The sear leaves fell from the trees in autumn.

秋に枯れた葉が木から落ちました。

C1 noun /ˈsɒlstɪs/

solstice

至点

Meaning

the two times in the year when the sun is at its greatest distance from the equator (summer and winter solstice)

Example

People celebrate the summer solstice with festivals and rituals.

人々は夏至を祝うために祭りや儀式を行います。

C1 adjective /səbˈmɪs.ɪv/

Submissive

従順; 服従的; 謙虚な

Meaning

ready to obey others; yielding to authority; humble and compliant

Example

She became submissive after years of harsh treatment.

厳しい扱いの後、彼女は従順になった。

C1 adjective /ˈseɪ.li.ənt/

salient

重要な、顕著な、または目立つ

Meaning

Most important, prominent, or noticeable

Example

The report highlighted the salient points of the discussion.

レポートは議論の重要な点を強調しました。

C1 adjective /səˈdʒɛstɪv/

suggestive

示唆的

Meaning

tending to suggest ideas or images; sometimes implies something sexual or provocative

Example

The painting was highly suggestive and sparked much debate.

その絵画は非常に示唆的で、たくさんの議論を引き起こしました。

C1 verb /səˈlɪsɪt/

solicit

お願いする

Meaning

to ask for or try to obtain something from someone

Example

The charity is soliciting donations for flood victims.

チャリティは洪水の被害者のために寄付を募っています。

C1 noun /ˌsæbəˈtɜːr/

saboteur

破壊工作員

Meaning

A person who engages in sabotage.

Example

The saboteur was arrested before he could plant the bomb.

破壊工作員は爆弾を設置する前に逮捕されました。

C1 adjective /ˈstɛr.aɪl/

sterile

無菌

Meaning

Free from bacteria or other living microorganisms; incapable of producing offspring.

Example

The surgeon worked in a sterile environment to avoid infection.

外科医は感染を防ぐために無菌環境で働いた。

C1 verb/noun /skaʊl/

scowl

しかめっ面をする

Meaning

To frown in an angry or bad-tempered way.

Example

She scowled when she heard the unfair remark.

彼女は不公平なコメントを聞いてしかめっ面をした。

C1 adjective /səbˈsɪd.i.ər.i/

Subsidiary

子会社の; 二次的な; 子会社に関連する

Meaning

less important than the main thing; secondary; of or relating to a subsidiary company

Example

The subsidiary company handles all overseas operations.

子会社はすべての海外業務を管理しています。

C1 noun /ˈsteɪtəs kwoʊ/

status quo

現状

Meaning

The existing state of affairs, especially regarding social or political issues.

Example

The government decided to maintain the status quo until further review.

政府はさらなるレビューまで現状を維持することを決定しました。

C1 verb /ˈswɛltər/

swelter

強烈な暑さで苦しむ

Meaning

to suffer from intense heat

Example

We began to swelter in the midday sun.

私たちは真昼の太陽の下で汗だくになり始めました。

C1 verb /snɪp/

snip

切る

Meaning

to cut something quickly with scissors or a sharp tool

Example

She snipped the loose thread from her dress.

彼女はドレスの緩んだ糸を切りました。

C1 adjective ˈsɛd(ə)ntəri

sedentary

座りっぱなしの

Meaning

Characterized by much sitting and little physical activity.

Example

A sedentary lifestyle can lead to numerous health problems.

座りっぱなしの生活は、多くの健康問題を引き起こす可能性がある。

C1 adjective /ˈsteɪtli/

stately

威厳と壮大

Meaning

Having a dignified, majestic, and impressive appearance or manner.

Example

The stately mansion stood at the end of the long driveway.

その威厳ある邸宅は長いドライブウェイの終わりに立っていました。

C1 noun /ˈskeɪ.biːz/

Scabies

疥癬

Meaning

a contagious skin disease caused by mites that causes intense itching

Example

The doctor diagnosed him with scabies after examining the rash.

医師は発疹を調べた後、彼に疥癬と診断した。

C1 verb ˈsɪn.ɚ.dʒaɪz

synergize

効率を高めるために協力する。

Meaning

combine in such a way as to enhance effectiveness.

Example

The departments must synergize to improve efficiency.

部門は効率を向上させるためにシナージズしなければならない。

C1 noun /ˈspɛkjʊˌleɪtər/

speculator

投機家

Meaning

A person who forms theories without evidence, or invests in assets hoping for profit.

Example

The real estate speculator bought land hoping its value would rise.

不動産投機家は、土地の価値が上がることを期待して土地を購入しました。

C1 verb /ˈsɛvər/

sever

切る、関係を断つ

Meaning

to cut off or separate, especially by cutting; to end a connection or relationship

Example

He had to sever ties with the company after the dispute.

彼は争いの後、会社との関係を断たなければならなかった。

C1 verb /sərˈmaɪz/

surmise

推測する

Meaning

to suppose something is true without having evidence

Example

She surmised that he was not coming to the meeting.

彼女は彼が会議に来ないだろうと推測した。

C1 noun /ˌsɛlf ɪnˈdʌldʒəns/

self-indulgence

自己 indulgence

Meaning

The act of allowing oneself to enjoy pleasures or desires excessively.

Example

His weekend of self-indulgence included eating sweets and watching movies nonstop.

彼の自己満足の週末は、甘いものを食べて映画を見続けることが含まれていました。

C1 verb /skʌlpt/

sculpt

幸せ

Meaning

to create or shape something by carving or molding

Example

The artist sculpted a beautiful statue from marble.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠せなかった。

C1 noun ˈsʌfrɪdʒ

suffrage

選挙権

Meaning

The right to vote in political elections; the principle of political representation.

Example

Universal suffrage was a key demand.

普遍的な選挙権は重要な要求でした。

C1 adjective /ˈskwiːmɪʃ/

squeamish

簡単に気分が悪くなったり、吐き気を催したり、嫌悪感を抱いたりする

Meaning

easily made to feel sick, faint, or disgusted

Example

She felt squeamish at the sight of blood.

彼女は血を見て気分が悪くなった。

C1 noun /ˌsæl.ɪ.naɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

salinization

塩分増加

Meaning

The process of increasing salt content in soil.

Example

Excessive irrigation can cause salinization of farmland.

過剰な灌漑は農地の塩分増加を引き起こす可能性があります。

C1 adjective /ˈsiː.naɪl/

senile

老化による弱さ

Meaning

Showing the weaknesses of old age, especially mental decline.

Example

The old man became senile and forgot familiar faces.

老人はセンイルになり、親しい顔を忘れてしまった。

C1 noun /ˈsɜːrəɡət/

surrogate

代理人

Meaning

A substitute, especially a person deputizing for another in a specific role or office.

Example

The surrogate mother gave birth to the child after carrying it for nine months.

代理母は九か月間子どもを妊娠してから子どもを出産した。

C1 noun /ˌsʌb.stɪˈtjuː.ʃən/

substitution

交換

Meaning

the action of replacing someone or something with another

Example

The substitution of the old system with the new one was difficult.

古いシステムを新しいシステムに置き換えることは難しかった。

C1 noun stɔːrm ɪnˌtensɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

storm intensification

嵐の強化

Meaning

The process by which storms become stronger and more severe in intensity.

Example

Storm intensification is linked to climate change.

嵐の強化は気候変動に関連しています。

C1 verb /ˈstriːmlaɪnɪŋ/

streamlining

簡素化

Meaning

The process of making an organization or system more efficient by simplifying or eliminating unnecessary steps

Example

Streamlining processes can significantly reduce operational costs.

プロセスの簡素化は、運用コストを大幅に削減することができます。

C1 adjective /ˈstrɛnjuəs/

strenuous

厳しい

Meaning

Requiring or using great effort and energy.

Example

Climbing the mountain was a strenuous task.

山登りは厳しい仕事だった。

C1 noun /ˈsuːtər/

suitor

求婚者

Meaning

a man who pursues a relationship with a woman, often with the intent to marry

Example

She had many suitors vying for her attention.

彼女には彼女の注意を争う求婚者がたくさんいた。

C1 verb /ˈsɪnɚdʒaɪzd/

synergized

シナジー効果が得られるようにする, 力を合わせる, 協力する

Meaning

Combine in such a way that the total effect is greater than the sum of the individual effects.

Example

The teams were synergized to maximize productivity.

チームは生産性を最大化するために協力しました。

C1 noun/verb /ˈsuː.tʃər/

suture

縫合

Meaning

A stitch or row of stitches holding together the edges of a wound or surgical incision.

Example

The doctor used a suture to close the wound.

医者は傷を閉じるために縫合糸を使いました。

C1 noun /sɪlk klɔːθ/

Silk cloth

シルクの布

Meaning

fabric made from natural fibers produced by silkworms

Example

The bride wore a beautiful dress made of silk cloth.

花嫁はシルクの布で作られた美しいドレスを着ていました。

C1 verb /smɪr/

smear

塗る / 中傷する

Meaning

to spread or apply a substance messily; to damage someone's reputation with false or unfair words

Example

The child smeared paint across the wall.

子供が壁にペンキを塗った。

C1 verb /ˌsuːpərˈsiːd/

supersede

置き換える

Meaning

To replace or take the place of something because it is more modern or effective.

Example

This new law will supersede the old regulations.

この新しい法律は古い規則を置き換えます。

C1 adjective /ˈskrʌfi/

Scruffy

乱雑または不潔な外見; 汚れたしぼんだ

Meaning

untidy or unkempt in appearance; shabby and worn

Example

The scruffy old dog wandered through the streets looking for food.

そのみすぼらしい老犬は、食べ物を探して通りをさまよっていました。

C1 noun /səˈbætɪkəl/

sabbatical

学習や旅行のための休暇

Meaning

A period of paid leave granted to a teacher or worker for study or travel, traditionally every seventh year.

Example

She took a sabbatical to research her new book.

彼女は新しい本を研究するためにサバティカルを取った。

C1 noun /səˈprɑːnoʊ/

soprano

女性または子供の最も高い歌声

Meaning

the highest female or boy’s singing voice

Example

She sang beautifully in the soprano range during the concert.

彼女はコンサートでソプラノの範囲で美しく歌いました。

C1 noun /ˈstɒpɪdʒ/

stoppage

停止; 中断

Meaning

The act of stopping or ceasing; a halt in operation or activity

Example

The sudden stoppage of the train caused delays for all passengers.

電車の突然の停止で、すべての乗客に遅れが生じた。

C1 noun /səˈbraɪəti/

sobriety

節制

Meaning

the state of being sober; self-restraint and seriousness

Example

He has maintained his sobriety for five years.

彼は5年間その節制を保っています。

C1 noun/verb /sleɪt/

slate

スレート / 予定する

Meaning

a fine-grained rock used for roofing or writing; to schedule or designate for a task

Example

The meeting is slated for next Monday.

ミーティングは次の月曜日に予定されています。

C1 verb /ʃɪə/

shear

刈る

Meaning

to cut the wool off a sheep or to cut something with sharp tools like scissors or shears

Example

The farmer will shear the sheep in the spring.

農夫は春に羊の毛を刈ります。

C1 noun /ˈsʌnˌdaʊn/

sundown

日没

Meaning

the time in the evening when the sun goes below the horizon

Example

We planned to reach the village before sundown.

私たちは日没前に村に到着する予定でした。

C1 adjective ˈskruː.pjʊ.ləs

scrupulous

慎重

Meaning

Diligent, thorough, and extremely attentive to details; having moral integrity; acting in strict regard for what is considered right or proper.

Example

He is known for being scrupulous in his work.

彼は仕事において慎重であることで知られています。

C1 noun /ˌsəʊʃəˈbɪləti/

sociability

社交性

Meaning

The quality or state of being sociable; friendliness.

Example

Her sociability made her popular in the office.

彼女の社交性はオフィスで人気を集めました。

C1 noun /ˈstaɪpend/

Stipend

奨学金

Meaning

a fixed regular sum paid as a salary or allowance

Example

The research student receives a monthly stipend for living expenses.

研究学生は生活費のために毎月奨学金を受け取ります。

C1 verb /ˈʃækəl/

shackle

足かせ

Meaning

to chain or restrain; to restrict someone’s actions or freedom

Example

Outdated regulations shackle small businesses and slow innovation.

古い規制は小規模なビジネスを足かせし、革新を遅らせます。

C1 noun səˌsɛp.təˈbɪl.ə.ti

susceptibility

感受性

Meaning

The quality of being likely to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing; vulnerability.

Example

High susceptibility to infections requires extra care.

感染症に対する高い感受性は追加のケアを必要とします。

C1 adjective /ˈskeɪ.li/

Scaly

鱗状の

Meaning

covered with scales; having a rough surface like scales

Example

The fish has scaly skin.

その魚はうろこ状の皮膚を持っています。

C1 noun /ˈsɛmbləns/

Semblance

外見; 偽りの形

Meaning

the outward appearance or apparent form of something, especially when the reality is different

Example

There was only a semblance of order in the chaotic office.

混沌としたオフィスには、秩序の外見だけがあった

C1 verb /splaɪs/

splice

接続する

Meaning

to join two pieces of rope, film, or other material by weaving or attaching them together

Example

The technician spliced the two wires to restore the connection.

技術者は2本のワイヤーを接続して接続を回復しました。

C1 noun /sɪv/

sieve

ふるい

Meaning

a utensil with a mesh or perforated bottom, used for straining or sifting

Example

She used a sieve to strain the pasta.

彼女はパスタをこすためにふるいを使いました。

C1 noun səbˈsɪs.təns

subsistence

生計

Meaning

The action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself at a minimum level.

Example

Many farmers depend on subsistence agriculture.

多くの農民は自給農業に依存しています。

C1 adjective ˌsʌbˈlɪm.ɪ.nəl

subliminal

意識の閾値以下で存在または作用し、無意識に心に影響を与える

Meaning

Existing or operating below the threshold of consciousness; perceived by or affecting someone's mind without their being aware of it.

Example

Advertisements often have subliminal messages.

広告にはしばしばサブリミナルメッセージが含まれています。

C1 verb /struː/

strew

まき散らす

Meaning

to scatter or spread things untidily over a surface or area

Example

Clothes were strewn across the floor.

服が床に散らばっていた。

C1 noun ˈstræt.ə.sfɪər

stratosphere

成層圏

Meaning

The layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 50 km above the earth's surface.

Example

The stratosphere provides a unique environment.

成層圏は特別な環境を提供します。

C1 verb /səbˈstænʃieɪt/

substantiate

立証する

Meaning

To provide evidence to support or prove the truth of something.

Example

The lawyer worked to substantiate the claims with solid evidence.

弁護士は確かな証拠でその主張を立証しようとしました。

C1 noun /ʃoʊl/

shoal

魚の群れ

Meaning

a large group of fish swimming together; a shallow place in water

Example

We saw a shoal of fish near the coast.

私たちは海岸近くで魚の群れを見ました。

C1 adjective /ˈskænti/

Scanty

小さいサイズまたは量; 不十分; ほとんど十分

Meaning

small in size or amount; insufficient; barely adequate

Example

The refugee camp had scanty food supplies.

難民キャンプにはわずかな食料供給がありました。

C1 noun səˈsteɪnəbəl ænd kəˈlæbərətɪv əˈproʊtʃ

sustainable and collaborative approach

持続可能で協力的なアプローチ

Meaning

A method of working together that can be maintained over time without depleting resources or causing harm.

Example

A sustainable and collaborative approach is crucial for solving environmental problems.

環境問題を解決するためには、持続可能で協力的なアプローチが不可欠です。

C1 verb /ˈsɪn.θə.saɪz/

synthesize

合成する

Meaning

To combine a number of things into a coherent whole.

Example

Scientists synthesize new compounds for medical research.

科学者たちは医学研究のために新しい化合物を合成しています。

C1 noun /səˈrɛn.ɪ.ti/

serenity

静けさ

Meaning

The state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.

Example

Meditation helps in achieving inner serenity.

瞑想は内面的な静けさを達成するのに役立ちます。

C1 verb /ˈstrætɪfaɪ/

stratify

階層化する

Meaning

to arrange or divide into layers, classes, or categories

Example

The researchers plan to stratify the data based on age groups.

研究者たちは年齢層に基づいてデータを階層化する予定です。

C1 adjective /ˈsæŋɡwɪn/

sanguine

楽観的

Meaning

Optimistic or positive, especially in a difficult situation.

Example

Despite the challenges, she remained sanguine about the future.

困難にもかかわらず、彼女は未来に対して楽観的な姿勢を保ち続けた。

C1 adjective /səˈriːn/

serene

静かで平和な

Meaning

Calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.

Example

The lake had a serene and peaceful atmosphere.

湖は静かで平和な雰囲気を持っていました。

C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌtræk/

sidetrack

気を散らす

Meaning

To distract from the main subject or activity.

Example

She was sidetracked by an unexpected phone call.

彼女は予期しない電話で気を取られた。

C1 noun /skraɪb/

scribe

書記

Meaning

a person who writes documents, especially in ancient times; a professional copyist

Example

In ancient Egypt, scribes recorded important events.

古代エジプトでは、スクライブは重要な出来事を記録しました。

C1 noun /ˌsɛnsɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən/

sensitization

感作化

Meaning

The process of becoming sensitive to a substance, situation, or influence.

Example

The doctor warned about the sensitization caused by repeated exposure to chemicals.

医者は化学物質への繰り返しの暴露によって引き起こされる感作化について警告しました。

C1 noun /ˈsɛpərətɪst/

separatist

分離主義者

Meaning

A person who supports the separation of a group from a larger body, often for political or cultural independence.

Example

The separatist group demanded independence from the central government.

分離主義者グループは中央政府からの独立を要求した。

C1 adjective /ˈsɛnʃuəl/

sensual

官能的

Meaning

Relating to or involving gratification of the senses and physical pleasure.

Example

The painting had a sensual quality that captivated viewers.

その絵は視覚的な魅力があり、観客を魅了しました。

C1 noun /ˌspɒn.təˈneɪ.ɪ.ti/

spontaneity

自発性

Meaning

The quality of being spontaneous; natural and unplanned behavior.

Example

His spontaneity makes him a great conversationalist.

彼の自発性は彼を素晴らしい会話者にします。

C1 noun /sɔːd fɪʃ/

Sword fish

メカジキ

Meaning

A large marine fish with an elongated bill resembling a sword

Example

The swordfish can swim at speeds up to 60 mph.

メカジキは時速60マイルで泳ぐことができます。

C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrli/

surly

不機嫌な

Meaning

bad-tempered and unfriendly

Example

The waiter gave us a surly look when we asked for more water.

水をもっと頼んだとき、ウェイターは不機嫌な顔をしました。

C1 noun /ˈsed.ɪ.mənt/

Sediment

堆積物

Meaning

matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid; particles deposited by water or wind

Example

The river carried sediment downstream during the flood.

川は洪水の間に堆積物を下流へ運んだ。

C1 noun /səˈprɛʃən/

suppression

抑制

Meaning

the act of forcibly stopping something or holding back feelings or actions

Example

The suppression of free speech led to protests.

言論の自由の抑制は抗議を引き起こした。

C1 verb, noun /spraʊt/

sprout

発芽する

Meaning

to begin to grow; to produce new leaves or shoots

Example

The seeds began to sprout after a few days of rain.

種は数日間の雨の後に発芽し始めました。

C1 noun /ˈstjuːpər/

stupor

昏迷

Meaning

a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility

Example

He remained in a stupor after hearing the shocking news.

彼は衝撃的なニュースを聞いた後、昏迷状態に陥った。

C1 noun /stɛntʃ/

stench

悪臭

Meaning

A very strong and unpleasant smell.

Example

The stench of garbage filled the alley.

ゴミの臭いが路地を満たした。

C1 noun /ˈstaɪləs/

stylus

スタイラス

Meaning

a small tool used for writing, drawing, or touching screens

Example

She used a stylus to draw on her tablet.

彼女はタブレットで絵を描くためにスタイラスを使用しました。

C1 noun /ˈstɪmjʊlənt/

stimulant

興奮剤

Meaning

A substance that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body.

Example

Coffee is a common stimulant that helps people stay awake.

コーヒーは一般的な興奮剤で、人々が目を覚ますのを助けます

C1 noun /səbˈdʒɛkʃən/

subjection

服従

Meaning

the act of bringing someone or something under control or domination

Example

The people suffered under the subjection of a cruel ruler.

人々は残虐な支配者の下で苦しんでいた。

C1 noun /ˈstæl.i.ən/

stallion

繁殖用の牡馬

Meaning

An adult male horse that is not castrated, often used for breeding.

Example

The farm owns a powerful stallion for breeding purposes.

その農場は繁殖用の強力なスタリオンを所有しています。

C1 adjective /ˈspɪndli/

spindly

細くて弱い

Meaning

Long, thin, and weak-looking

Example

The spindly tree bent under the weight of the snow.

細い木が雪の重みで曲がった。

C1 adjective /ˈspɛktrəl/

spectral

幽霊のような

Meaning

Relating to a ghost or specter; ghostly. Also relating to a spectrum.

Example

The old mansion had a spectral atmosphere at night.

古い館には夜、幽霊のような雰囲気が漂っていた。

C1 noun /ˈskæf.əld/

Scaffold

足場

Meaning

a temporary structure used by workers to stand on when building or repairing something high; a platform for execution

Example

The workers erected a scaffold to paint the building's exterior.

作業員たちは建物の外壁を塗装するために足場を設置しました。

C1 noun /sɪr/

seer

予言者

Meaning

A person who is supposed to be able to see what will happen in the future; a prophet.

Example

The seer predicted a great change in the kingdom.

予言者は王国の大きな変化を予測しました。

C1 adjective /ˌsækrəˈlɪdʒəs/

sacrilegious

冒涜的

Meaning

Showing disrespect or irreverence toward something sacred.

Example

The painting was criticized as being sacrilegious.

その絵画は冒涜的だと批判されました。

C1 adjective /ˈʃeɪm.ləs/

Shameless

恥知らず

Meaning

having no shame; bold and rude; impudent

Example

The shameless politician refused to apologize for his mistakes.

恥知らずな政治家は自分の過ちを謝罪することを拒んだ。

C1 noun /speɪt/

spate

波

Meaning

a large number of things occurring in quick succession

Example

There has been a spate of robberies in the city.

市内で盗難が立て続けに発生しています。

C1 verb /ˈʃrɪvəl/

shrivel

しわになる

Meaning

To become dry, wrinkled, and smaller due to lack of moisture.

Example

The flowers shriveled under the hot sun.

花は暑い太陽の下でしわになった。

C1 verb /ˈskaʊər/

scour

磨く / 徹底的に探す

Meaning

to clean or brighten the surface of something by scrubbing; to search thoroughly

Example

She scoured the kitchen until it shone.

彼女はキッチンを磨いて、ピカピカにしました。

C1 noun /ˈstɪklər/

stickler

規則にうるさい人

Meaning

a person who insists on a certain quality or standard of behavior

Example

He is a stickler for punctuality and never tolerates delays.

彼は時間にうるさく、遅れを許しません。

C1 noun /ˈskruːpəl/

scruple

良心の呵責

Meaning

A moral or ethical consideration that restrains actions.

Example

He had no scruples about lying to get ahead.

彼は前進するために嘘をつくことに対して良心の呵責を感じていなかった。

C1 adjective /ˈskræpi/

scrappy

戦闘的 / 散らかった

Meaning

Determined and willing to fight or argue; also messy or disorganized.

Example

Despite being small, he was a scrappy fighter.

小さくても、彼は戦闘的な戦士でした。

C1 adjective /səkˈsɪŋkt/

succinct

簡潔

Meaning

Briefly and clearly expressed; characterized by clear, precise expression in few words.

Example

His speech was succinct and impactful.

彼のスピーチは簡潔で印象的でした。

C1 adjective /swɑːv/

suave

魅力的で洗練された

Meaning

charming, confident, and elegant, often in a smooth or polished way

Example

He was a suave gentleman who impressed everyone at the party.

彼はパーティーで全員に感銘を与えた洗練された紳士だった。

C1 noun /ˈskwɒlər/

squalor

貧困

Meaning

the state of being extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially due to poverty or neglect

Example

They lived in squalor without basic facilities.

彼らは基本的な施設なしで貧困に住んでいました。

C1 noun səˈsteɪnəbəl ˈpræktɪsɪz

sustainable practices

持続可能な実践

Meaning

Methods and activities that can be maintained over time without depleting natural resources or harming the environment.

Example

Sustainable practices are vital for environmental preservation.

持続可能な実践は環境保護にとって重要です。

C1 noun səˈfɪʃənsi

sufficiency

十分性

Meaning

The condition of being adequate or enough; adequacy.

Example

The sufficiency of food supply is critical for survival.

食料供給の十分性は生存にとって重要です。

C1 adjective/verb /ˈsiːzənd/

seasoned

経験豊富な / 味付けされた

Meaning

Experienced in a particular activity; also, flavored with spices.

Example

She is a seasoned teacher with over 20 years of experience.

彼女は20年以上の経験を持つベテランの教師です。

C1 noun /stɛlθ/

stealth

隠密、静かに動く

Meaning

The act of moving, doing, or achieving something quietly and secretly.

Example

The cat moved with stealth towards its prey.

猫は静かに獲物に向かって動いた。

C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪk/

satiric

皮肉な

Meaning

Relating to or using satire.

Example

The novel takes a satiric view of urban life.

その小説は都市生活を皮肉な視点で描いています。

C1 adjective /ˈsɛptɪk/

septic

感染した

Meaning

Infected with harmful bacteria; relating to or causing infection.

Example

The doctor treated the patient's septic wound immediately.

医者は患者のセプティックな傷をすぐに治療しました。

C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrvaɪl/ or /ˈsɜːrvəl/

servile

卑屈な

Meaning

having or showing an excessive willingness to serve or please others

Example

His servile attitude annoyed his colleagues.

彼の卑屈な態度は同僚を困らせていました。

滑らかで光沢のある

Meaning

smooth, shiny, and stylish

Example

She drove a sleek black sports car.

彼女は光沢のある黒いスポーツカーを運転していました。