B2 verb /prəˈvoʊk/

provoke

挑発する

Meaning

To cause someone to become angry or to cause a reaction.

Example

His words provoked a heated argument.

彼の言葉は激しい議論を引き起こした。

B2 noun/verb /preɪ/

prey

Meaning

an animal hunted by another for food; to hunt and feed on

Example

Lions prey on zebras in the wild.

B2 noun /ˈpetəl/

Petal

花弁

Meaning

One of the colored segments of a flower that forms the corolla

Example

Each petal of the daisy was white with a yellow center.

デイジーの各花弁は白で、中央は黄色でした。

B2 adjective /prəˈɡrɛsɪv/

progressive

進歩的

Meaning

favoring or implementing new and modern ideas or policies; moving forward or improving

Example

She holds progressive views on social justice and equality.

彼女は社会的正義と平等に関して進歩的な見解を持っています。

B2 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.fəl/

pitiful

悲惨な, 哀れな, とても小さい

Meaning

deserving or arousing pity; very small or inadequate

Example

The team's performance was pitiful compared to last year.

チームのパフォーマンスは昨年に比べて悲惨でした。

B2 noun /ˈpiː.lər/

Peeler

皮むき器

Meaning

a kitchen tool used to remove the outer skin or peel from fruits and vegetables

Example

Use a peeler to remove the potato skin.

ポテトの皮をむくために皮むき器を使用してください。

B2 noun /ˈprɒbləm ˈsɒlvɪŋ/

problem-solving

問題解決

Meaning

The process of finding solutions to difficult or complex issues.

Example

Problem-solving skills are key to leadership.

問題解決能力はリーダーシップに不可欠です。

B2 noun /ˈpɔːrɪdʒ/

porridge

Meaning

A soft food made by boiling oats or other grains in milk or water.

Example

She had a bowl of porridge for breakfast.

B2 noun /ˌprɒb.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Probability

確率

Meaning

the likelihood that something will happen; a mathematical measure of how likely something is to occur

Example

There is a high probability of rain tomorrow.

明日は高い確率で雨が降るでしょう。

B2 noun /prəˈtɛstər/

protester

抗議者

Meaning

a person who takes part in a protest or demonstration

Example

The protester spoke passionately about the cause.

抗議者はその原因について情熱的に話しました。

B2 adjective /pəˈθet.ɪk/

Pathetic

哀れな; 惨めな

Meaning

arousing pity; extremely poor or inadequate

Example

His pathetic attempt to apologize made things worse.

彼の悲惨な謝罪の試みは事態をさらに悪化させた。

B2 verb /ˈprɒsɪkjuːt/

prosecute

起訴する

Meaning

to institute legal proceedings against someone

Example

The lawyer decided to prosecute the case after gathering sufficient evidence.

弁護士は十分な証拠を集めた後、訴訟を起こすことを決めました。

B2 adjective /pəˈrɛntəl/

parental

親に関連する

Meaning

relating to a parent or parents; characteristic of a mother or father

Example

Parental guidance is important for a child's development.

子供の成長には親のガイダンスが重要です。

B2 adjective /pɪˈkjuː.li.ər/

Peculiar

奇妙な; 異常な; 珍しい

Meaning

strange or odd; unusual; belonging exclusively to

Example

She has a peculiar way of speaking.

彼女は奇妙な話し方をしています。

B2 verb /ˈpɛrɪʃ/

perish

死ぬ

Meaning

To die, especially in a sudden or violent way.

Example

Many soldiers perished in the war.

多くの兵士は戦争で死んだ。

B2 noun /ˌpʌɪ.əˈnɪr/

Pioneer

新しい領域を探索または定住する最初の人；新しいアイデアや方法を開発する人

Meaning

a person who is among the first to explore or settle a new area; someone who develops new ideas or methods

Example

She was a pioneer in the field of computer science.

彼女はコンピュータサイエンスの分野で先駆者でした。

B2 verb /pæt/

pat

Meaning

to touch someone or something gently, often to show affection or approval

Example

She gently patted the dog on its head.

B2 adjective /prɪˈdɪktəbəl/

predictable

予測可能

Meaning

able to be predicted or foreseen

Example

His reactions were predictable based on his past behavior.

彼の反応は過去の行動に基づいて予測可能でした。

B2 adjective /fəˈnɒmɪnəl/

phenomenal

非凡

Meaning

extraordinary, remarkable, or exceptional in a way that is very impressive

Example

The team achieved phenomenal success in the tournament.

チームはトーナメントで非凡な成功を収めました。

B2 noun /pʌls/

Pulse

豆類

Meaning

edible seeds of leguminous plants such as lentils, beans, and peas

Example

Pulses are an excellent source of protein for vegetarians.

豆類はベジタリアンにとって優れたタンパク源です。

B2 noun /ˈplæn.tɪn/

Plantain

プランテンバナナ

Meaning

a large green banana-like fruit that is usually cooked before eating

Example

Plantain can be fried, boiled, or baked and is a staple food in many tropical countries.

プランテンバナナは揚げたり、茹でたり、焼いたりでき、多くの熱帯地域では主食です。

B2 noun /prɒkˈsɪmɪti/

proximity

接近

Meaning

Nearness in space, time, or relationship.

Example

The proximity of the school to her house made it convenient.

学校が彼女の家の近くにあるため、それは便利でした。

B2 noun /saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/

psychologist

心理学者

Meaning

a person who studies mental processes and behavior

Example

The psychologist helped him cope with his anxiety.

心理学者は彼が不安に対処するのを助けました。

B2 adjective /prəˈdʌk.tɪv/

Productive

生産的な

Meaning

efficient; yielding good results; fruitful

Example

Working from home has made me more productive than ever before.

自宅勤務は私をこれまで以上に生産的にしました。

B2 verb /ˈpenɪtreɪt/

penetrate

貫通する

Meaning

to go into or through something; to understand something deeply

Example

The bullet penetrated the wall.

弾丸は壁を貫通した。

B2 adverb /pəˈlɪtɪkəli/

politically

政治的に

Meaning

in a way that relates to politics or government

Example

The country is politically divided between two major parties.

その国は二つの主要な政党の間で政治的に分裂しています。

B2 noun /ˈpredʒ.ə.dɪs/

Prejudice

偏見

Meaning

preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience

Example

We must fight against prejudice and discrimination in our society.

私たちは私たちの社会で偏見と差別に立ち向かわなければならない。

B2 adjective /poʊˈɛt.ɪk/

poetic

詩的な

Meaning

having qualities of poetry; expressive, beautiful, or imaginative

Example

Her speech had a poetic rhythm that captivated the audience.

彼女のスピーチには、観客を魅了する詩的なリズムがあった。

B2 verb /pʌmp/

pump

ポンプする

Meaning

to force liquid or gas to move in a particular direction using a device

Example

They pumped water from the well into the tank.

彼らは井戸からタンクに水をポンプしました。

B2 adjective /ˈpaʊərləs/

powerless

無力

Meaning

without ability, influence, or strength

Example

She felt powerless against the unfair system.

彼女は不公平なシステムに対して無力だと感じていた。

B2 noun prɪˈsɪʒ.ən

precision

精度

Meaning

The quality of being exact and accurate.

Example

High precision instruments are used in surgery.

手術には高精度の機器が使用されます。

B2 adverb /prɪˈdɒmɪnəntli/

predominantly

主に

Meaning

mainly; for the most part

Example

The population in the city is predominantly young.

その都市の人口は主に若いです。

B2 noun /plænˈteɪʃən/

plantation

プランテーション

Meaning

a large area of land where crops are grown, often for commercial purposes

Example

The sugarcane plantation stretched for miles across the valley.

サトウキビのプランテーションは谷を越えて数マイルも広がっていました。

B2 noun /fɪˈlɒs.ə.fi/

philosophy

哲学

Meaning

the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence

Example

Her philosophy emphasizes kindness and empathy.

彼女の哲学は親切さと共感を強調しています。

B2 adjective /prəˈspɛktɪv/

prospective

将来性のある

Meaning

likely or expected to happen in the future; potential

Example

The company is meeting with prospective clients next week.

その会社は来週、将来性のあるクライアントと会う予定です。

B2 noun /ˈpɪs.təl/

Pistol

ピストル

Meaning

a small gun that can be held and fired with one hand

Example

The officer drew his pistol from the holster.

警官はホルスターからピストルを抜きました。

B2 adjective /ˈprɪv.ə.lɪdʒd/

Privileged

恵まれた

Meaning

having special advantages; favored; elite

Example

She comes from a privileged background with many opportunities.

彼女は機会に恵まれた背景を持っている。

B2 adjective /ˈprɒfɪtəbl/

profitable

利益を生む

Meaning

yielding profit or financial gain

Example

The company has become highly profitable after the new strategy was implemented.

新しい戦略が実行された後、会社は非常に利益を上げました。

B2 noun /ˈpɑː.tɪ.klz/

particles

粒子

Meaning

Minute portions of matter.

Example

PM2.5 particles harm respiratory health.

PM2.5粒子は呼吸器系の健康に害を与えます。

B2 noun ˌprez.əˈveɪ.ʃən

preservation

保存

Meaning

The action of maintaining something in its original or existing state; protection from harm or damage.

Example

Proper preservation extends the lifespan of machinery.

適切な保存は機械の寿命を延ばします。

B2 adjective /ˈprɛdʒədɪst/

prejudiced

偏見のある

Meaning

having or showing a dislike or bias against a person or group without proper reason

Example

He was prejudiced against people from other regions.

彼は他の地域の人々に対して偏見を持っていた。

B2 noun /ˈpɔːt.fəʊ.li.əʊ/

portfolio

作業のコレクション、サンプル、または作業リスト

Meaning

A collection of work or samples demonstrating skills and expertise.

Example

His portfolio showcased his diverse range of skills.

彼のポートフォリオは彼の多様なスキルの範囲を示していました。

B2 noun /ˈpen neɪm/

Pen-name

ペンネーム

Meaning

a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name; a pseudonym

Example

Mark Twain was the pen-name of Samuel Clemens.

マーク・トウェインはサミュエル・クレメンズのペンネームでした。

B2 verb /prɪˈzɜːv/

preserve

保存する

Meaning

to keep something in its original state; to protect from harm or decay

Example

We must preserve our natural environment.

私たちは自然環境を保存しなければなりません。

B2 noun /fɪˈlɒsəfə/

philosopher

哲学者

Meaning

a person engaged in the study of philosophy or in serious thinking about fundamental questions

Example

Socrates was a famous philosopher of ancient Greece.

ソクラテスは古代ギリシャの有名な哲学者でした。

B2 noun /prɪˈtens/

Pretence

偽り

Meaning

an attempt to make something that is not the case appear true

Example

He made no pretence of being interested in the conversation.

彼は会話に興味があるふりをしなかった。

B2 adjective /ˈpær.ə.lel/

Parallel

平行

Meaning

side by side and having the same distance continuously between them; similar or corresponding

Example

The two roads run parallel to each other for several miles.

二つの道路は数マイルにわたって平行に走っています。

B2 adverb /ˈprez.ənt.li/

Presently

現在; すぐに; しばらくして

Meaning

at the present time; soon; in a little while

Example

The doctor will see you presently.

医者はすぐにあなたを診ます。

B2 noun /saɪˈkaɪətrɪst/

psychiatrist

精神科医

Meaning

a medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness

Example

The psychiatrist prescribed medication for the patient’s anxiety.

精神科医は患者の不安に対して薬を処方しました。

B2 adjective /ˈpoʊ.lər/

polar

極地の、極に関連する

Meaning

relating to the North or South Pole; opposite in nature or character

Example

Penguins live in polar regions of the Earth.

ペンギンは地球の極地に住んでいます。

B2 noun /ˈpælət/

palette

パレット

Meaning

a thin board or surface on which an artist sets and mixes colors; also a range of colors used in art or design

Example

The artist mixed vibrant shades on her palette before starting the painting.

アーティストは絵を描き始める前にパレットで鮮やかな色合いを混ぜました。

B2 noun /pəˈnɪn.sjə.lə/

Peninsula

半島

Meaning

a piece of land that is almost completely surrounded by water but connected to the mainland

Example

The Korean Peninsula is located in East Asia.

朝鮮半島は東アジアに位置しています。

B2 adjective /ˈprɪm.ɪ.tɪv/

Primitive

原始的; 基本的; 粗野; 未発達; 単純

Meaning

ancient; basic; crude; undeveloped; simple

Example

The tribe still uses primitive tools for hunting and farming.

部族は狩猟と農業のために未開の道具を使用し続けています。

B2 noun /ˈpriː.tɛns/ or /prɪˈtɛns/

pretense

仮面, 偽装

Meaning

A false appearance or claim; an act of pretending.

Example

His kindness was only a pretense to gain trust.

彼の優しさは信頼を得るための単なる仮面だった。

B2 noun /ˈpɜr.mə.nəns/

Permanence

永続性

Meaning

the state or quality of lasting or remaining unchanged indefinitely; enduring nature

Example

The permanence of the stone monument impressed all visitors.

石の記念碑の永久性はすべての訪問者に印象を与えました。

B2 adjective /prəˈpoʊzd/

proposed

提案された

Meaning

suggested or put forward for consideration or discussion

Example

The proposed changes will improve the system.

提案された変更はシステムを改善します。

B2 noun /ˈpɜː.tʃəs.ɪŋ ˈpaʊ.ɚ/

purchasing power

購買力

Meaning

The amount of goods and services that can be purchased with a unit of currency.

Example

Due to inflation, people's purchasing power has decreased.

インフレのため、人々の購買力は低下しました。

B2 noun /pledʒ/

Pledge

誓約; 約束; 保証;

Meaning

a solemn promise or undertaking; something given as security for a loan; a commitment or guarantee

Example

He made a pledge to donate money to charity.

彼はチャリティーにお金を寄付する誓約をした。

B2 noun ˈpeɪtriəˌtɪzəm

patriotism

愛国心

Meaning

The quality of being patriotic; devotion to and vigorous support for one's country.

Example

Victory Day reflects the patriotism of the entire nation.

勝利の日は国全体の愛国心を反映しています。

B2 adjective /ˈpeɪ.ə.bəl/

Payable

支払期限

Meaning

required to be paid; owed as a debt

Example

The amount is payable within thirty days of the invoice date.

金額は請求書の日付から30日以内に支払期限となります。

B2 adjective /ˈpæsɪv/

passive

受動的; (文法) 受動態

Meaning

not actively responding or participating; in grammar, denoting the voice in which the subject undergoes the action

Example

Instead of taking charge, he remained passive during the meeting.

会議では責任を取る代わりに、彼は受動的なままでした。

B2 adjective /ˌpriːməˈtjʊər/

premature

早すぎる

Meaning

Happening or done before the usual or proper time.

Example

His decision to quit the job was premature.

彼の仕事を辞める決断は早すぎた。

B2 noun /ˈpɪk.səl/

pixel

デジタル画像またはディスプレイの最小単位

Meaning

the smallest unit of a digital image or display

Example

The image is blurry because some pixels are missing.

画像がぼやけているのは、いくつかのピクセルが欠けているからです。

B2 noun /ˈpɒlən/

pollen

花粉

Meaning

fine powder produced by flowers, used in fertilization

Example

Bees collect pollen from flowers to make honey.

ミツバチは花から花粉を集めて蜂蜜を作ります。

B2 noun /ˈproʊtəkɔːl/

protocol

プロトコル

Meaning

an official procedure or system of rules

Example

The security team followed strict protocol during the event.

セキュリティチームはイベント中に厳格なプロトコルに従いました。

B2 adjective /ˈpæʃənət/

passionate

情熱的な

Meaning

showing or caused by strong feelings or a strong belief

Example

He is passionate about environmental conservation.

彼は環境保護に情熱を注いでいます。

B2 noun /ˈpref.ər.əns/

Preference

優先

Meaning

a greater liking for one alternative over another or others

Example

She has a preference for classical music over pop music.

彼女はポップ音楽よりもクラシック音楽を好む。

B2 noun /ˌpiːdiəˈtrɪʃən/

pediatrician

小児科医

Meaning

a doctor who specializes in the medical care of children

Example

The pediatrician examined the child carefully.

小児科医は子供を慎重に診察しました。

B2 adjective /ˌpeɪ.triˈɑː.tɪk/

Patriotic

愛国的な

Meaning

showing love for one's country

Example

The patriotic citizens celebrated Independence Day with great enthusiasm.

愛国的な市民たちは独立記念日を大きな熱意で祝いました。

B2 verb /pɪəs/

pierce

貫通する

Meaning

to make a hole through something; to penetrate with a sharp object

Example

The arrow will pierce through the target.

矢はターゲットを貫通します。

B2 adverb /ˈpɑrʃəli/

Partially

部分的に; 完全ではない;

Meaning

to some extent; not completely; incompletely

Example

The building was only partially destroyed in the fire.

その建物は火事で部分的に破壊されました。

B2 verb /pəˈzɛs/

possess

持つ / 所有する

Meaning

To have or own something; to hold a quality or characteristic.

Example

She possesses great talent in music.

彼女は音楽において素晴らしい才能を持っています。

B2 adjective /prɪˈzentəbl/

Presentable

見栄えが良い; 公の場に適した

Meaning

neat and suitable for being seen in public; acceptable in appearance

Example

Make sure you look presentable for the job interview.

面接のために見た目をきちんと整えてください。

B2 noun /feɪz/

Phase

段階; 変化や発展の過程での特定の期間または段階

Meaning

a distinct period or stage in a process of change or development

Example

The project is now in its final phase.

プロジェクトは現在最終段階にあります。

B2 noun /pəˈzeʃ.ən/

Possession

所有権; 財産; 支配

Meaning

something that belongs to someone; the state of having or owning something

Example

The house has been in their family's possession for generations.

その家は何世代にもわたって彼らの家族の所有物です。

B2 noun /ˈprɛmɪs/

premise

前提 / 建物

Meaning

a statement or idea on which reasoning or an argument is based; also a building or property

Example

His argument was based on a false premise.

彼の議論は誤った前提に基づいていました。

B2 adjective /ˈplen.tɪ.fəl/

Plentiful

豊富な; 大量の

Meaning

abundant; existing in large quantity

Example

The harvest was plentiful this year due to good weather.

今年は良い天気のおかげで収穫が豊富でした。

B2 noun /pænˈdɛmɪk/

pandemic

パンデミック

Meaning

An outbreak of a disease that occurs on a global scale.

Example

The COVID-19 pandemic changed the world dramatically.

COVID-19パンデミックは世界を劇的に変えました。

B2 adjective /ˈprɛf(ə)rəb(ə)l/

preferable

好ましい

Meaning

more desirable or suitable; better than something else

Example

It is preferable to take the train rather than drive in heavy traffic.

渋滞時には車を運転するより、電車を利用する方が好ましい。

B2 noun /ˈpriːmiəm/

premium

プレミアム

Meaning

an amount of money paid regularly for an insurance policy; something of superior quality or value

Example

You need to pay your insurance premium every year.

あなたは毎年保険料を支払う必要があります。

B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪnənt/

prominent

顕著な

Meaning

Important, famous, or easily noticeable.

Example

He is a prominent leader in the community.

彼はコミュニティの中で著名なリーダーです。

B2 noun /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/

physicist

物理学者

Meaning

a scientist who studies or specializes in physics

Example

The physicist explained the theory of relativity to the students.

物理学者は学生たちに相対性理論を説明しました。

B2 noun /ˈpaɪpˌlaɪn/

pipeline

パイプライン

Meaning

a long tube through which liquids or gases are transported

Example

The company is building a new pipeline to transport natural gas.

その会社は天然ガスを輸送するための新しいパイプラインを建設しています。

B2 adjective /ˈpɛti/

petty

些細な

Meaning

Of little importance or trivial; also describes a person overly concerned with small or unimportant matters.

Example

She often gets upset over the most petty things.

彼女はしばしば些細なことに腹を立てる。

B2 noun /ˌprɒp.əˈɡæn.də/

Propaganda

プロパガンダ; 噂

Meaning

information spread to promote a particular political cause or point of view

Example

The government used propaganda to influence public opinion during the war.

政府は戦争中に世論に影響を与えるためにプロパガンダを使用した。

B2 noun /ˈpɑː.tər/

Potter

陶芸家

Meaning

a person who makes pottery

Example

The potter shaped clay on the spinning wheel.

陶芸家は回転するろくろの上で粘土を形作った。

B2 adjective /ˈpɔɪn.tɪd/

Pointed

鋭い; 直接的で明確な

Meaning

having a sharp end; direct and unambiguous

Example

She made a pointed remark about his behavior.

彼女は彼の行動について鋭いコメントをしました。

B2 adjective /ˈprɛsɪŋ/

pressing

緊急

Meaning

Requiring immediate attention or urgent action.

Example

The manager had to deal with several pressing issues at once.

マネージャーは同時にいくつかの緊急の問題に対処しなければならなかった。

B2 noun /ˈpæʃ.ən/

Passion

情熱

Meaning

strong enthusiasm or excitement for something; intense emotion or feeling

Example

Her passion for music led her to become a professional singer.

音楽への情熱が彼女をプロの歌手に導いた。

B2 adjective /ˌprɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl/

presidential

大統領に関連する

Meaning

relating to a president or presidency

Example

The presidential election is scheduled for next month.

大統領選挙は来月に予定されています。

B2 verb /pəˈtroʊl/

patrol

パトロールする

Meaning

to move around an area to watch or guard it

Example

The police patrol the streets at night to ensure safety.

警察は夜に街をパトロールして安全を確保しています。

B2 noun /fəˈnɒmɪnən/

phenomenon

現象

Meaning

an observable event, fact, or occurrence, often unusual or remarkable

Example

The Northern Lights are a natural phenomenon.

オーロラは自然現象です。

B2 noun /pərˈspek.tɪv/

Perspective

視点

Meaning

a particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view; the art of representing three-dimensional objects

Example

From his perspective, the decision was completely wrong.

彼の視点では、その決定は完全に間違っていた。

B2 adjective /ˈprɒb.ə.bəl/

Probable

可能性がある

Meaning

likely to happen; expected; plausible

Example

It is probable that it will rain tomorrow according to the weather forecast.

天気予報によると、明日は雨が降る可能性が高いです。

B2 noun /ˈpʌŋk.tʃər/

Puncture

パンク

Meaning

a small hole in a tire that causes air to escape

Example

I had to fix a puncture in my bicycle tire this morning.

今朝、自転車のタイヤのパンクを修理しなければなりませんでした。

B2 noun/verb /ˈpriːfɪks/

prefix

接頭辞; 前に何かを追加する

Meaning

a word, letter, or number placed before another; as a verb, to add something in front of something else

Example

Developers often prefix variables with an underscore.

開発者はしばしば変数にアンダースコアをプレフィックスとして追加します。

B2 adjective ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv

proactive

積極的

Meaning

Taking action by causing change and not only reacting to change when it happens.

Example

Proactive strategies are needed to combat scarcity.

不足に対処するために積極的な戦略が必要です。

B2 noun /proʊˈbeɪʃən/

probation

試用期間

Meaning

a period of testing or supervision, especially for offenders or new employees

Example

He was placed on probation for six months.

彼は6か月の試用期間を与えられました。

B2 noun /ˈpæn.ɪk/

Panic

パニック

Meaning

sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety; a state of widespread fear and anxiety

Example

The fire alarm caused panic among the students.

火災警報が学生たちの間にパニックを引き起こしました。

B2 noun ˈpɛs.tɪ.saɪdz

pesticides

農薬

Meaning

Substances used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals.

Example

Excessive pesticides use can harm the environment.

過剰な農薬の使用は環境に害を及ぼす可能性があります。

B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/

promising

有望な

Meaning

showing signs of future success or potential

Example

She is a promising young scientist with great ideas.

彼女は素晴らしいアイデアを持つ、有望な若い科学者です。

B2 noun /ˈpɒm.ɪˌɡræn.ɪt/

Pomegranate

Meaning

a round fruit with thick red skin containing many small red seeds with juice

Example

The pomegranate seeds were sweet and refreshing.

B2 verb prəˈlɒŋ

prolong

延長する

Meaning

To extend the duration of something; to make something last longer.

Example

A healthy diet helps prolong life expectancy.

健康的な食事は寿命を延ばすのに役立ちます。

B2 noun /ˈpɪl.ɡrɪm/

Pilgrim

巡礼者; 旅行者

Meaning

a person who journeys to a sacred place for religious reasons; a traveler

Example

The pilgrim walked for days to reach the holy shrine.

巡礼者は聖なる神殿に到達するために何日も歩きました。

B2 noun /prɪˈskrɪpʃən/

prescription

処方箋

Meaning

A written order from a doctor for the preparation and administration of a medicine; also, a recommendation or authoritative rule.

Example

The doctor gave her a prescription for antibiotics.

医者は彼女に抗生物質の処方箋を出しました。

B2 adjective /ˈpen.dɪŋ/

Pending

保留中; 未決定; 進行中

Meaning

awaiting; not yet decided or settled; in the process of being completed

Example

The application is still pending approval.

申請はまだ承認待ちです。

B2 noun /ˈpɒp.i/

Poppy

ケシの花

Meaning

a bright red flower with black seeds, often used as a symbol of remembrance

Example

The red poppy bloomed beautifully in the garden.

赤いケシの花が庭で美しく咲きました。

B2 noun /pʌbˈlɪs.ɪ.ti/

Publicity

宣伝

Meaning

public attention or notice given to someone or something; advertising or promotion

Example

The movie received a lot of publicity before its release.

その映画は公開前に多くの宣伝を受けました。

B2 verb /plaʊ/

plough

耕す

Meaning

to break up and turn over soil using a plough; to move through something with difficulty

Example

The farmer ploughs the field every spring.

農家は毎年春に畑を耕します。

B2 adjective prɪˈlɪm.ɪ.nər.i

preliminary

予備的な

Meaning

Denoting an action or event preceding or done in preparation for something fuller or more important.

Example

Preliminary steps are crucial before the main project.

主要なプロジェクトの前に、予備的なステップは非常に重要です。

B2 noun /pætʃ/

Patch

パッチ

Meaning

a small piece of material used to mend a hole; a small area of something different

Example

She sewed a patch over the hole in her jeans.

彼女はジーンズの穴にパッチを縫い付けました。

B2 noun /ˈprɛfəs/

preface

序文

Meaning

an introduction to a book, speech, or other written work

Example

The author explained his motivation in the preface.

著者は序文で自分の動機を説明しました。

B2 adjective ˈpeɪn.ləs

painless

痛みなし

Meaning

Not causing pain; involving little effort or stress.

Example

Modern methods ensure painless treatment.

現代の方法は痛みのない治療を保証します。

B2 noun /ˈpæd.i/

Paddy

未加工の米; 稲田

Meaning

rice in its natural state before processing; a field where rice is grown

Example

The farmers worked hard in the paddy fields during harvest season.

農家は収穫の季節に稲田で懸命に働きました。

B2 noun /prɪˈdɪk.ʃən/

Prediction

予測

Meaning

a statement about what will happen in the future; a forecast

Example

The weather prediction says it will rain tomorrow.

天気予報は明日雨が降ると言っています。

B2 noun /ˈpæs.taɪm/

Pastime

余暇

Meaning

an activity done regularly for enjoyment; a hobby or recreational activity

Example

Reading books is her favorite pastime during weekends.

読書は週末の彼女のお気に入りの余暇活動です。

B2 noun /pʌntʃ/

Punch

パンチ

Meaning

a tool used for making holes or indentations in materials

Example

The carpenter used a punch to make holes in the leather.

大工は革に穴を開けるためにパンチを使用しました。

B2 noun ˌpʌŋkˈtʃʊəlɪti

punctuality

時間厳守

Meaning

The quality of being on time; the habit of arriving or doing things at the agreed or proper time.

Example

Punctuality is a valued trait in professional settings.

時間厳守はプロフェッショナルな環境で重要な特性です。

B2 adjective /plʌmp/

plump

ふくよかまたは丸い

Meaning

having a full, rounded shape; pleasantly fat

Example

The cat was plump and well-fed.

その猫はふくよかでよく食べていました。

B2 noun /ˈprɛzɪdənsi/

presidency

大統領職

Meaning

the office or position of being a president

Example

He was elected to the presidency in 2020.

彼は2020年に大統領職に選ばれました。

B2 noun fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nə

phenomena

現象

Meaning

Facts or situations that are observed to exist or happen, especially ones whose cause or explanation is in question.

Example

Phenomena like floods disrupt agricultural systems.

洪水のような現象は農業システムに影響を与える。