B2 verb /prəˈhɪbɪt/

prohibit

禁止する

Meaning

to forbid something by law, rule, or other authority

Example

The law prohibits smoking in public places.

法律は公共の場所での喫煙を禁止しています。

B2 adjective /ˈpɔɪn.tɪd/

Pointed

鋭い; 直接的で明確な

Meaning

having a sharp end; direct and unambiguous

Example

She made a pointed remark about his behavior.

彼女は彼の行動について鋭いコメントをしました。

B2 noun /ˈpæm.flət/

pamphlet

パンフレット

Meaning

a small booklet or brochure containing information or arguments about a subject

Example

The health department distributed a pamphlet about nutrition.

健康部門は栄養に関するパンフレットを配布しました。

B2 noun fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nə

phenomena

現象

Meaning

Facts or situations that are observed to exist or happen, especially ones whose cause or explanation is in question.

Example

Phenomena like floods disrupt agricultural systems.

洪水のような現象は農業システムに影響を与える。

B2 noun /pænˈdɛmɪk/

pandemic

パンデミック

Meaning

An outbreak of a disease that occurs on a global scale.

Example

The COVID-19 pandemic changed the world dramatically.

COVID-19パンデミックは世界を劇的に変えました。

B2 adjective /prəˈnaʊnst/

pronounced

顕著な

Meaning

very noticeable or strongly marked

Example

There is a pronounced difference between the two styles.

二つのスタイルの間には顕著な違いがあります。

B2 noun /pɪtʃ/

pitch

音程、投げ

Meaning

the quality of a sound; the level or degree of intensity; a throw or toss

Example

The singer's pitch was perfect during the performance.

歌手の音程はパフォーマンス中完璧でした。

B2 verb prəˈlɒŋ

prolong

延長する

Meaning

To extend the duration of something; to make something last longer.

Example

A healthy diet helps prolong life expectancy.

健康的な食事は寿命を延ばすのに役立ちます。

B2 adjective /ˈpaʊərləs/

powerless

無力

Meaning

without ability, influence, or strength

Example

She felt powerless against the unfair system.

彼女は不公平なシステムに対して無力だと感じていた。

B2 adjective /ˈpæʃənət/

passionate

情熱的な

Meaning

showing or caused by strong feelings or a strong belief

Example

He is passionate about environmental conservation.

彼は環境保護に情熱を注いでいます。

B2 noun /ˈpref.ər.əns/

Preference

優先

Meaning

a greater liking for one alternative over another or others

Example

She has a preference for classical music over pop music.

彼女はポップ音楽よりもクラシック音楽を好む。

B2 noun /prɪˈskrɪpʃən/

prescription

処方箋

Meaning

A written order from a doctor for the preparation and administration of a medicine; also, a recommendation or authoritative rule.

Example

The doctor gave her a prescription for antibiotics.

医者は彼女に抗生物質の処方箋を出しました。

B2 noun /ˌprɒp.əˈɡæn.də/

Propaganda

プロパガンダ; 噂

Meaning

information spread to promote a particular political cause or point of view

Example

The government used propaganda to influence public opinion during the war.

政府は戦争中に世論に影響を与えるためにプロパガンダを使用した。

B2 noun /ˈprɒs.pekts/

prospects

見通し

Meaning

The possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring.

Example

The prospects for growth look promising.

成長の見通しは有望に見えます。

B2 noun /ˈpɪs.təl/

Pistol

ピストル

Meaning

a small gun that can be held and fired with one hand

Example

The officer drew his pistol from the holster.

警官はホルスターからピストルを抜きました。

B2 noun /ˈpæn.ɪk/

Panic

パニック

Meaning

sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety; a state of widespread fear and anxiety

Example

The fire alarm caused panic among the students.

火災警報が学生たちの間にパニックを引き起こしました。

B2 adverb /ˈpɑrʃəli/

Partially

部分的に; 完全ではない;

Meaning

to some extent; not completely; incompletely

Example

The building was only partially destroyed in the fire.

その建物は火事で部分的に破壊されました。

B2 adjective /ˈprɑːspərəs/

Prosperous

繁栄している; 成功している;

Meaning

successful in material terms; flourishing financially

Example

The company became very prosperous after launching their new product.

その企業は新製品を発売した後、非常に繁栄しました。

B2 adjective /pəˈθet.ɪk/

Pathetic

哀れな; 惨めな

Meaning

arousing pity; extremely poor or inadequate

Example

His pathetic attempt to apologize made things worse.

彼の悲惨な謝罪の試みは事態をさらに悪化させた。

B2 noun pɑrˈtɪʃən

partition

分割

Meaning

The action of dividing or being divided into parts; separation.

Example

Partition caused unrest.

分割が騒動を引き起こした。

B2 noun /ˌprɒsɪˈkjuːʃən/

prosecution

起訴

Meaning

The act of bringing a criminal charge against someone and pursuing legal action in court.

Example

The prosecution presented strong evidence against the defendant.

起訴側は被告人に対して強力な証拠を提出しました。

B2 noun /ˈpeə.rən.tɪŋ/

parenting

育児

Meaning

The care and training a child receives while growing up, involving the development of their mental, physical, and social aspects.

Example

Effective parenting helps children develop confidence and independence.

効果的な育児は、子供たちが自信と独立心を育むのを助けます。

B2 noun /ˈproʊtəkɔːl/

protocol

プロトコル

Meaning

an official procedure or system of rules

Example

The security team followed strict protocol during the event.

セキュリティチームはイベント中に厳格なプロトコルに従いました。

B2 adverb /pəˈtɛnʃəli/

potentially

潜在的に

Meaning

with the possibility of becoming something in the future

Example

This project is potentially a huge success.

このプロジェクトはポテンシャリー大きな成功になるかもしれません。

B2 adverb /prɪˈdɒmɪnəntli/

predominantly

主に

Meaning

mainly; for the most part

Example

The population in the city is predominantly young.

その都市の人口は主に若いです。

B2 noun /ˈpriːmiəm/

premium

プレミアム

Meaning

an amount of money paid regularly for an insurance policy; something of superior quality or value

Example

You need to pay your insurance premium every year.

あなたは毎年保険料を支払う必要があります。

B2 noun prəˈdʒɛk.ʃən

projection

声の投影

Meaning

The strength and range of voice when speaking.

Example

Proper projection ensures that every listener hears clearly.

適切なプロジェクションは、すべての聴衆が明確に聞こえることを保証します。

B2 noun /ˈpredʒ.ə.dɪs/

Prejudice

偏見

Meaning

preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience

Example

We must fight against prejudice and discrimination in our society.

私たちは私たちの社会で偏見と差別に立ち向かわなければならない。

B2 noun ˈpærəˌlɛlz

parallels

類似点

Meaning

Similarities or comparisons between two different things or situations

Example

There are parallels between Japan's aging issues and Bangladesh's situation.

日本の高齢化問題とバングラデシュの状況にはパラレルが存在します。

B2 adjective /prəˈfɪʃ.ənt/

proficient

熟練した

Meaning

Competent or skilled in doing or using something; having great knowledge or experience.

Example

She is highly proficient in multiple languages.

彼女は多言語に非常に熟練しています。

B2 adjective /ˈpreɪz.wɜː.ði/

Praiseworthy

賞賛に値する

Meaning

deserving praise; commendable; admirable

Example

Her charitable work is truly praiseworthy.

彼女の慈善活動は本当に賞賛に値します。

B2 noun /pliː/

Plea

請願; 要求; 弁明

Meaning

an urgent and emotional request; a defendant's formal response to a criminal charge; an excuse or justification

Example

She made a plea for help during the emergency.

緊急時に彼女は助けを求める請願をした。

B2 noun /ˈpɑːtnəʃɪp/

partnership

パートナーシップ

Meaning

the state of being a partner or a group of partners

Example

Our partnership has helped both companies grow.

私たちのパートナーシップは、両社の成長に役立ちました。

B2 adjective /pəˈsɪs.tənt/

persistent

持続的

Meaning

continuing to exist or endure over a prolonged period

Example

Despite many setbacks, her persistent efforts led to success.

多くの障害にもかかわらず、彼女の持続的な努力は成功をもたらした。

B2 adjective /prəˈtɛktɪv/

protective

保護的な

Meaning

giving or capable of giving protection; shielding from harm or danger

Example

She wore a protective helmet while riding her bike.

彼女は自転車に乗るときに保護的なヘルメットをかぶっていました。

B2 noun /ˈpɪm.pəl/

Pimple

ニキビ

Meaning

a small, inflamed elevation of the skin; a spot on the skin, especially on the face

Example

She was embarrassed about the pimple on her forehead.

彼女は額のニキビに気まずさを感じていた。

B2 noun ˌprɒd.ʌkˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

productivity

生産性

Meaning

The effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input.

Example

Improved irrigation boosts productivity.

改善された灌漑は生産性を向上させる。

B2 adjective /ˈpleɪfəl/

playful

遊び好きな, 活発な

Meaning

full of fun and high spirits; lively

Example

The puppy was very playful, running around the garden.

子犬はとても遊び好きで、庭を走り回っていました。

B2 verb /pruːn/

prune

剪定する

Meaning

to cut off unwanted parts of a plant or tree to help it grow better

Example

Gardeners prune the trees in spring to encourage growth.

庭師は春に木を剪定して成長を促進します。

B2 noun

Patriot

愛国者

B2 noun /ˈprɛmɪs/

premise

前提 / 建物

Meaning

a statement or idea on which reasoning or an argument is based; also a building or property

Example

His argument was based on a false premise.

彼の議論は誤った前提に基づいていました。

B2 noun /ˌproʊɪˈbɪʃən/

prohibition

禁止

Meaning

The act of forbidding something by law or authority.

Example

The government announced the prohibition of smoking in public places.

政府は公共の場での喫煙禁止を発表した。

B2 noun /prəˈsiːdɪŋ/

proceeding

手続き

Meaning

a course of action; often used for a legal process or event

Example

The court proceedings lasted for several hours.

裁判所の手続きは数時間続きました。

B2 verb /prɪˈzjuːm/

presume

仮定する

Meaning

To suppose something is true without proof; to take for granted.

Example

I presume she has already left for the meeting.

私は彼女がすでに会議に出かけたと思います。

B2 noun /ˈprɪv.ə.lɪdʒ/

Privilege

特権

Meaning

a special right or advantage that only one person or group has

Example

It's a privilege to work with such talented people.

才能ある人々と一緒に働けることは特権です。

B2 noun /ˈpæd.ɪŋ/

padding

クッション / 詰め物

Meaning

soft material added for comfort, protection, or to fill space

Example

The chair had extra padding for comfort.

椅子には快適さのために余分なパディングがありました。

B2 adjective /ˈpɛti/

petty

些細な

Meaning

Of little importance or trivial; also describes a person overly concerned with small or unimportant matters.

Example

She often gets upset over the most petty things.

彼女はしばしば些細なことに腹を立てる。

B2 adjective /ˈpæn.ɪ.ki/

Panicky

パニック状態の; 不安と恐怖を示す

Meaning

feeling or showing panic; anxious and fearful

Example

The crowd became panicky when the fire alarm sounded.

火災警報が鳴ると群衆はパニックになった。

B2 verb /pəˈreɪd/

parade

パレードする, 公開する

Meaning

to march in a procession; to display publicly; to show off

Example

The soldiers paraded through the streets on Independence Day.

独立記念日に兵士たちが通りでパレードした。

B2 noun /ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃən/

proposition

提案, 計画

Meaning

A statement, idea, or plan put forward for consideration or discussion.

Example

The company made a business proposition to the investors.

会社は投資家にビジネスの提案をしました。

B2 noun /ˈpʌŋk.tʃər/

Puncture

パンク

Meaning

a small hole in a tire that causes air to escape

Example

I had to fix a puncture in my bicycle tire this morning.

今朝、自転車のタイヤのパンクを修理しなければなりませんでした。

B2 adjective /ˌpeɪ.triˈɑː.tɪk/

Patriotic

愛国的な

Meaning

showing love for one's country

Example

The patriotic citizens celebrated Independence Day with great enthusiasm.

愛国的な市民たちは独立記念日を大きな熱意で祝いました。

B2 adjective /proʊn/

Prone

傾向がある

Meaning

having a tendency to; inclined; lying face down

Example

He is prone to making mistakes when he's tired.

彼は疲れているときにミスをする傾向があります。

B2 noun pɪər ˈɪnfluəns

peer influence

仲間の影響

Meaning

The effect that members of a peer group have on each other, especially in terms of behavior, attitudes, and decision-making.

Example

Peer influence can shape juvenile behavior significantly.

仲間の影響は、若者の行動に大きな影響を与えることがあります。

B2 noun /ˈpɪlər/

pillar

柱

Meaning

a strong vertical support or mainstay of a structure or system

Example

The ancient temple was supported by massive stone pillars.

古代の寺院は巨大な石の柱によって支えられていました。

B2 noun/verb /preɪ/

prey

Meaning

an animal hunted by another for food; to hunt and feed on

Example

Lions prey on zebras in the wild.

B2 adjective /ˈprɪm.ɪ.tɪv/

Primitive

原始的; 基本的; 粗野; 未発達; 単純

Meaning

ancient; basic; crude; undeveloped; simple

Example

The tribe still uses primitive tools for hunting and farming.

部族は狩猟と農業のために未開の道具を使用し続けています。

B2 adjective /ˈprɛf(ə)rəb(ə)l/

preferable

好ましい

Meaning

more desirable or suitable; better than something else

Example

It is preferable to take the train rather than drive in heavy traffic.

渋滞時には車を運転するより、電車を利用する方が好ましい。

B2 noun /ˈpjʊə.rɪ.ti/

Purity

純粋さ; 清潔さ; 汚染からの自由

Meaning

the state of being pure; cleanness or freedom from contamination

Example

The purity of the mountain water was remarkable.

山の水の純粋さは注目に値しました。

B2 noun /fɪˈlɒsəfə/

philosopher

哲学者

Meaning

a person engaged in the study of philosophy or in serious thinking about fundamental questions

Example

Socrates was a famous philosopher of ancient Greece.

ソクラテスは古代ギリシャの有名な哲学者でした。

B2 adjective /pəˈluː.tɪd/

polluted

汚染された

Meaning

Contaminated with harmful or poisonous substances.

Example

Polluted air causes severe health problems.

汚染された空気は深刻な健康問題を引き起こします。

B2 noun prəˈvɪʒ.ənz

provisions

規定

Meaning

A condition or requirement in a legal document; clauses or stipulations.

Example

Provisions must align with public aspirations.

規定は公衆の期待と一致しなければならない。

B2 noun /ˈprɒbləm ˈsɒlvɪŋ/

problem-solving

問題解決

Meaning

The process of finding solutions to difficult or complex issues.

Example

Problem-solving skills are key to leadership.

問題解決能力はリーダーシップに不可欠です。

B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/

promising

有望な

Meaning

showing signs of future success or potential

Example

She is a promising young scientist with great ideas.

彼女は素晴らしいアイデアを持つ、有望な若い科学者です。

B2 verb /prəˈkleɪm/

proclaim

宣言する

Meaning

to announce something publicly or officially, especially something important

Example

The president proclaimed a national day of mourning.

大統領は国民の日を宣言した。

B2 verb /ˈpiːtər/

peter

次第に弱まる

Meaning

to diminish gradually and come to an end; to fade or dwindle away

Example

The excitement of the event began to peter out after a few hours.

イベントの興奮は数時間後に次第に収束し始めた。

B2 noun /pʌŋk/

punk

パンク

Meaning

a type of popular music, or the culture associated with it, characterized by loud, fast rhythms and rebellious attitudes

Example

He’s always been into punk music and fashion.

彼はいつもパンク音楽とファッションに興味を持っている。

B2 noun /ˈprəʊsesə/

processor

プロセッサ

Meaning

a machine or device that processes something, especially a computer's central processing unit (CPU)

Example

The new laptop has a faster processor.

新しいノートパソコンにはより高速なプロセッサがあります。

B2 noun pərˈsɛpʃən

perception

知覚、理解

Meaning

The ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses

Example

Our perception of the situation was shaped by our prior experiences.

私たちの状況に対する知覚は、私たちの過去の経験によって形作られました。

B2 noun /ˈprɛsɪdənt/

precedent

前例

Meaning

An earlier event or decision that serves as a guide or example for future similar situations.

Example

The judge’s ruling set a new precedent for similar cases.

裁判官の判決は、同様の事件のための新たな前例を設定した。

B2 verb /plʌndʒ/

plunge

素早く飛び込む; 急激に落ちる

Meaning

to jump or dive quickly; to fall sharply

Example

She plunged into the swimming pool.

彼女はプールに飛び込んだ。

B2 noun /ˈplæn.tɪn/

Plantain

プランテンバナナ

Meaning

a large green banana-like fruit that is usually cooked before eating

Example

Plantain can be fried, boiled, or baked and is a staple food in many tropical countries.

プランテンバナナは揚げたり、茹でたり、焼いたりでき、多くの熱帯地域では主食です。

B2 noun /prɔːn/

Prawn

エビ

Meaning

a large marine crustacean similar to shrimp but typically bigger

Example

The chef prepared delicious prawn curry with coconut milk.

シェフはココナッツミルクでおいしいエビカレーを作りました。

B2 verb /prəˈvoʊk/

provoke

挑発する

Meaning

To cause someone to become angry or to cause a reaction.

Example

His words provoked a heated argument.

彼の言葉は激しい議論を引き起こした。

B2 noun /pʌbˈlɪs.ɪ.ti/

Publicity

宣伝

Meaning

public attention or notice given to someone or something; advertising or promotion

Example

The movie received a lot of publicity before its release.

その映画は公開前に多くの宣伝を受けました。

B2 noun /pəˈsjuːt/

pursuit

追求, 探求

Meaning

the act of chasing or trying to achieve something

Example

He dedicated his life to the pursuit of happiness.

彼は幸福を追い求めることに人生を捧げた。

B2 verb /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

polish

磨く

Meaning

to make smooth and shiny by rubbing; to improve or refine

Example

She needs to polish her shoes before the interview.

面接前に靴を磨かなければならない。

B2 noun /plænˈteɪʃən/

plantation

プランテーション

Meaning

a large area of land where crops are grown, often for commercial purposes

Example

The sugarcane plantation stretched for miles across the valley.

サトウキビのプランテーションは谷を越えて数マイルも広がっていました。

B2 noun /prəˈtɛstər/

protester

抗議者

Meaning

a person who takes part in a protest or demonstration

Example

The protester spoke passionately about the cause.

抗議者はその原因について情熱的に話しました。

B2 adjective /ˈpəʊstwɔːr/

postwar

戦後

Meaning

occurring or existing after a war

Example

The postwar period saw significant economic growth.

戦後の時期には、顕著な経済成長が見られました。

B2 verb (phrasal) /ˈpæs ˌɔːf/

pass-off

Meaning

to present something or someone falsely as something else; to pretend or deceive

Example

He tried to pass off the fake watch as a luxury brand.

B2 noun /pʌls/

Pulse

豆類

Meaning

edible seeds of leguminous plants such as lentils, beans, and peas

Example

Pulses are an excellent source of protein for vegetarians.

豆類はベジタリアンにとって優れたタンパク源です。

B2 noun prəˈtæɡənɪst

protagonist

主人公

Meaning

The leading character or one of the major characters in a drama, movie, novel, or other fictional text.

Example

Charles Darnay is one of the protagonists of the story.

チャールズ・ダーネイは物語の主要な登場人物の一人です。

B2 noun /ˈpɒlən/

pollen

花粉

Meaning

fine powder produced by flowers, used in fertilization

Example

Bees collect pollen from flowers to make honey.

ミツバチは花から花粉を集めて蜂蜜を作ります。

B2 noun /ˈpɛzənt/

peasant

農民

Meaning

a poor farmer or agricultural laborer who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation

Example

The peasant worked hard in the fields from dawn to dusk.

その農民は夜明けから日暮れまで畑で一生懸命働いていました。

B2 noun /fɪˈzɪʃən/

physician

医師

Meaning

a person qualified to practice medicine; a doctor

Example

The physician prescribed some medicine to treat the condition.

医師はその状態を治療するために薬を処方しました。

B2 adjective /ˈpɔɪ.zən.əs/

Poisonous

有毒; 毒性; 致命的

Meaning

containing poison; toxic; deadly

Example

The snake is highly poisonous and dangerous.

そのヘビは非常に有毒で危険です。

B2 noun /ˈprɒvɪns/

province

省

Meaning

a principal administrative division of certain countries or empires.

Example

The province is known for its rich cultural heritage and stunning landscapes.

その省は豊かな文化遺産と素晴らしい自然景観で知られています。

B2 noun /ˈpæs.taɪm/

Pastime

余暇

Meaning

an activity done regularly for enjoyment; a hobby or recreational activity

Example

Reading books is her favorite pastime during weekends.

読書は週末の彼女のお気に入りの余暇活動です。

B2 noun ˌprez.əˈveɪ.ʃən

preservation

保存

Meaning

The action of maintaining something in its original or existing state; protection from harm or damage.

Example

Proper preservation extends the lifespan of machinery.

適切な保存は機械の寿命を延ばします。

B2 noun, verb, adjective /ˈpeɪtənt/ or /ˈpætənt/

patent

特許

Meaning

a government license granting exclusive rights to an inventor; also to obtain such rights

Example

He patented his new invention to protect it from being copied.

彼は自分の新しい発明をコピーから守るために特許を取った。

B2 adjective /ˈpæsɪv/

passive

受動的; (文法) 受動態

Meaning

not actively responding or participating; in grammar, denoting the voice in which the subject undergoes the action

Example

Instead of taking charge, he remained passive during the meeting.

会議では責任を取る代わりに、彼は受動的なままでした。

B2 noun /prəˈseʃ.ən/

Procession

行列; パレード;

Meaning

a group of people or vehicles moving forward in an organized way, especially as part of a ceremony

Example

The wedding procession walked slowly to the church.

結婚式の行列はゆっくりと教会に向かって歩きました。

B2 verb /prɪˈveɪl/

prevail

勝つ

Meaning

To prove more powerful or superior; to be widespread or common.

Example

Justice will always prevail over injustice.

正義は常に不正に勝る。

B2 noun /ˈprɛfəs/

preface

序文

Meaning

an introduction to a book, speech, or other written work

Example

The author explained his motivation in the preface.

著者は序文で自分の動機を説明しました。

B2 noun /ˈpleɪˌɔːf/

playoff

チャンピオン決定戦

Meaning

a series of games played to determine a champion among top teams

Example

The team qualified for the playoffs after a strong season.

チームは強いシーズン後にプレーオフに進出しました。

B2 noun /ˈprɛdətər/

predator

捕食者

Meaning

An animal that hunts and kills other animals for food.

Example

Lions are powerful predators in the savannah.

ライオンはサバンナで強力な捕食者です。

B2 adjective /ˈpen.dɪŋ/

Pending

保留中; 未決定; 進行中

Meaning

awaiting; not yet decided or settled; in the process of being completed

Example

The application is still pending approval.

申請はまだ承認待ちです。

B2 verb /poʊk/

poke

突く

Meaning

to push or prod with a finger or pointed object

Example

Don't poke me with your finger.

指で突っつかないで。

B2 noun /ˈpær.ə.dɒks/

paradox

逆説

Meaning

A seemingly contradictory statement or situation that may be true; an apparent inconsistency.

Example

The paradox of freedom is that it requires rules.

自由の逆説は、それに規則が必要であるということです。

B2 adjective /ˈpraɪ.ər/

Prior

事前の

Meaning

existing or coming before in time; previous; earlier

Example

You need prior approval before making any changes to the system.

システムに変更を加える前には、事前の承認が必要です。

B2 adjective /ˈpɒlɪʃt/

polished

洗練された、精巧で優雅

Meaning

refined, sophisticated, and elegant in appearance or behavior

Example

She gave a polished performance at the recital.

彼女はリサイタルで洗練されたパフォーマンスを披露しました。

B2 noun /pæd/

pad

パッド

Meaning

a small cushion or block of soft material; also a set of sheets of paper fastened together

Example

He wrote her phone number on a yellow pad.

彼は黄色いパッドに彼女の電話番号を書いた。

B2 noun /ˌpiːdiəˈtrɪʃən/

pediatrician

小児科医

Meaning

a doctor who specializes in the medical care of children

Example

The pediatrician examined the child carefully.

小児科医は子供を慎重に診察しました。

B2 noun /prəˈpɔːʃən/

proportion

Meaning

a part, share, or number considered in comparative relation to a whole

Example

The proportion of students passing the exam was high.

B2 noun /pɔːrtʃ/

porch

ポーチ

Meaning

a covered area at the entrance of a building, often with a roof and open sides

Example

We sat on the porch and enjoyed the evening breeze.

私たちはポーチに座って、夕方の風を楽しみました。

B2 noun /ˈpeɪtrən/

patron

後援者

Meaning

a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, or cause

Example

The library is supported by generous patrons.

図書館は寛大な後援者によって支えられています。

B2 noun /ˈpɑːrtɪkəl/

particle

粒子

Meaning

a very small piece or amount of something

Example

Dust particles floated in the air near the window.

窓の近くの空気中にほこりの粒子が浮かんでいました。

B2 noun /ˈpesɪˌmɪzəm/

pessimism

ペシミズム

Meaning

A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe the worst will happen.

Example

Her constant pessimism made it hard to stay optimistic.

彼女の絶え間ないペシミズムは、楽観的でいるのを難しくしていた。

B2 noun pəˈspek.tɪvz

perspectives

視点

Meaning

A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.

Example

New perspectives enhance understanding.

新しい視点が理解を深めます。

B2 adjective /ˈprɛsɪŋ/

pressing

緊急

Meaning

Requiring immediate attention or urgent action.

Example

The manager had to deal with several pressing issues at once.

マネージャーは同時にいくつかの緊急の問題に対処しなければならなかった。

B2 adjective /ˌprɒb.ləˈmæt.ɪk/

Problematic

問題のある; 問題を引き起こす

Meaning

causing problems; troublesome; difficult to deal with

Example

The new policy changes are problematic and need to be reviewed.

新しい政策変更は問題があり、再評価する必要があります。

B2 adjective /prəˈdʌk.tɪv/

Productive

生産的な

Meaning

efficient; yielding good results; fruitful

Example

Working from home has made me more productive than ever before.

自宅勤務は私をこれまで以上に生産的にしました。

B2 noun /ˈprɛʃər ˈkʊkər/

Pressure cooker

圧力鍋

Meaning

a sealed cooking pot that uses steam pressure to cook food faster

Example

Using a pressure cooker reduces cooking time by more than half.

圧力鍋を使うと、調理時間が半分以上短縮されます。

B2 noun /ˈpælət/

palette

パレット

Meaning

a thin board or surface on which an artist sets and mixes colors; also a range of colors used in art or design

Example

The artist mixed vibrant shades on her palette before starting the painting.

アーティストは絵を描き始める前にパレットで鮮やかな色合いを混ぜました。

B2 noun /pəˈtɪʃən/

petition

請願書

Meaning

a formal written request, typically signed by many people, appealing to authority about a cause

Example

They signed a petition to improve road safety in the area.

彼らはその地域の道路安全を改善するために請願書に署名しました。

B2 noun /ˈpɒp.i/

Poppy

ケシの花

Meaning

a bright red flower with black seeds, often used as a symbol of remembrance

Example

The red poppy bloomed beautifully in the garden.

赤いケシの花が庭で美しく咲きました。

B2 adjective /prɪˈdɒmɪnənt/

predominant

優勢な

Meaning

Having superior strength, influence, or authority; most common or noticeable.

Example

The predominant color in the painting is blue.

絵画の中で優勢な色は青です。

B2 noun /ˈpen neɪm/

Pen-name

ペンネーム

Meaning

a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name; a pseudonym

Example

Mark Twain was the pen-name of Samuel Clemens.

マーク・トウェインはサミュエル・クレメンズのペンネームでした。

B2 adjective ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv

proactive

積極的

Meaning

Taking action by causing change and not only reacting to change when it happens.

Example

Proactive strategies are needed to combat scarcity.

不足に対処するために積極的な戦略が必要です。

B2 verb /ˈpenɪtreɪt/

penetrate

貫通する

Meaning

to go into or through something; to understand something deeply

Example

The bullet penetrated the wall.

弾丸は壁を貫通した。