C1 verb /prɪˈdɒmɪneɪt/

predominate

支配する

Meaning

To be the strongest, most common, or most influential element.

Example

Traditional values still predominate in the community.

伝統的な価値観はコミュニティ内で依然として支配的です。

C2 adjective /pəˈlædʒ.ɪk/

pelagic

外洋に関連する

Meaning

Relating to the open sea or ocean water column, away from the shore.

Example

Pelagic fish like tuna are found far from the coast.

ツナのような外洋性の魚は海岸から遠くで見つかります。

B2 noun prəˈɡreʃ.ən

progression

進展

Meaning

The process of developing or moving gradually towards a more advanced state.

Example

Progression in technology drives innovation.

技術の進展はイノベーションを促進する。

A2 noun /pɒt/

Pot

鍋

Meaning

a deep round container used for cooking food

Example

She put the vegetables in a large pot to make soup.

彼女はスープを作るために大きな鍋に野菜を入れました。

C2 adjective /prɪˈpɒndərənt/

preponderant

優勢な

Meaning

Having superior weight, force, influence, or importance.

Example

The preponderant influence of the media shapes public opinion.

メディアの優勢な影響は、公共の意見を形成します。

B2 noun prɒsˈpɛr.ɪ.ti

prosperity

繁栄

Meaning

The state of being prosperous; success or wealth.

Example

The country achieved great prosperity during the last decade.

その国は過去十年間で大きな繁栄を達成しました。

C1 noun proʊˈæktɪv ˈseɪvɪŋ

proactive saving

積極的貯蓄

Meaning

Actively planning and setting aside money in advance to prepare for future financial needs

Example

Proactive saving ensures financial stability in old age.

プロアクティブセービングは老後の財政的安定を確保します。

C2 noun /ˌpæliˈeɪʃən/

palliation

緩和

Meaning

relief of symptoms without curing the underlying disease or problem

Example

Palliation is often the focus of care for terminally ill patients.

緩和ケアは終末期の患者の治療において重要な焦点となります。

B1 noun /prəʊ/

pro

プロフェッショナル

Meaning

a professional, especially in sports; or a person who is in favor of something

Example

He plays tennis like a pro.

彼はプロのようにテニスをプレーします。

C2 adjective /ˈpɔːrtli/

portly

ぽっちゃり

Meaning

Having a stout or somewhat fat body, often implying dignity or authority.

Example

The portly man entered the room with confidence.

ぽっちゃりな男性は自信を持って部屋に入った。

B1 noun /ˈpælɪs/

palace

宮殿

Meaning

a large and impressive building that is the official home of a king, queen, or other ruler

Example

The royal family lives in a magnificent palace.

王室は素晴らしい宮殿に住んでいます。

C2 noun /ˌpliːnɪpəˈtɛnʃəri/

plenipotentiary

全権大使

Meaning

a person invested with full power to act on behalf of another, especially in diplomacy

Example

The ambassador was a plenipotentiary sent to negotiate the treaty.

大使は条約交渉のために派遣されたプレニポテンシャリーでした。

C2 adjective /ˌfoʊtoʊɪˈlɛktrɪk/

photoelectric

フォトエレクトリック

Meaning

relating to the emission of electrons or other free carriers when light shines on a material

Example

The photoelectric effect is fundamental in solar panels.

光電効果は太陽光パネルにおいて基本的です。

C2 adjective /ˈprɒvɪdənt/

provident

先見の明のある

Meaning

making or indicative of timely preparation for the future

Example

She was provident in saving money for her children’s education.

彼女は子供たちの教育のためにお金を節約する先見の明のある人だった。

C1 noun /ˈpraɪ.mər/ (US), /ˈprɪm.ər/ (UK)

primer

入門書, 下塗り

Meaning

A basic introductory book or a substance used to prepare a surface for painting.

Example

He read a primer on programming before starting his course.

彼はコースを始める前にプログラミングの入門書を読みました。

B2 verb /pərˈsɪst/

persist

Meaning

to continue firmly in an action or opinion despite difficulty or opposition

Example

She decided to persist in her efforts to learn French.

B1 noun /praɪˈɔːr.ə.ti/

Priority

優先順位

Meaning

something that is more important than other things and needs attention first

Example

Health should be our top priority.

健康は私たちの最優先事項であるべきだ。

C1 verb /præns/

prance

誇らしげに歩く

Meaning

To move with high, springy steps, often to show off or attract attention.

Example

The horse pranced around the field gracefully.

その馬は誇らしげにフィールドを歩いていました。

B2 noun /ˈpær.ə.dɒks/

paradox

逆説

Meaning

A seemingly contradictory statement or situation that may be true; an apparent inconsistency.

Example

The paradox of freedom is that it requires rules.

自由の逆説は、それに規則が必要であるということです。

A2 adjective /prəˈfɛʃənl/

professional

プロフェッショナル

Meaning

relating to a job that requires special training or education

Example

She is a professional dancer who performs internationally.

彼女は国際的に活躍するプロフェッショナルダンサーです。

C1 noun /pɛnˈtæθlɒn/

pentathlon

ペンタスロン

Meaning

An athletic contest featuring five different events.

Example

She trained hard to compete in the modern pentathlon.

彼女は現代五種競技に出場するために一生懸命訓練した。

C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

pertinent

putrescent

腐敗した

Meaning

undergoing the process of decay; rotting

Example

The putrescent odor made everyone leave the room.

腐敗した臭いでみんな部屋を出て行った。

B1 noun /ˈpɔːtrət/

portrait

ポートレート

Meaning

a painting, drawing, photograph, or engraving of a person, especially one showing the face

Example

The artist painted a beautiful portrait of his wife.

アーティストは妻の美しいポートレートを描きました。

B1 adverb /ˈpræk.tɪ.kəl.i/

Practically

実質的に; ほぼ; ほぼ

Meaning

in a practical manner; almost; nearly

Example

The project is practically finished.

そのプロジェクトはほぼ終わりました。

A2 noun /ˈprɪn.ses/

princess

王女

Meaning

a female royal family member, especially the daughter of a king or queen; a woman regarded as noble, cherished, or elegant

Example

The princess waved to the crowd from the palace balcony.

王女は宮殿のバルコニーから群衆に手を振った。

C2 adjective /ˈprɑːflɪɡət/

profligate

浪費家

Meaning

recklessly extravagant or wasteful in resources

Example

The king was known for his profligate lifestyle.

その王は贅沢なライフスタイルで知られていました。

B1 noun /freɪz/

phrase

フレーズ

Meaning

a small group of words standing together as a conceptual unit

Example

He gave a memorable phrase at the conference.

彼は会議で記憶に残るフレーズを言った。

A2 noun; adverb /pərˈsɛnt/

percent

パーセント

Meaning

a proportion out of one hundred; by each hundred

Example

Sales increased by ten percent this year.

今年の売上は10パーセント増えました。

B1 adverb /ˈprɒpərli/

properly

適切に

Meaning

in the correct or suitable manner

Example

He performed the task properly to avoid mistakes.

彼は間違いを避けるために仕事を正しく行いました。

C1 noun /fɪˈlæn.θrə.pɪst/

philanthropist

慈善家

Meaning

a person who seeks to promote the welfare of others, especially by donating money to good causes

Example

The philanthropist donated millions to build schools in rural areas.

その慈善家は農村地域に学校を建てるために数百万ドルを寄付しました。

B2 verb /ˈpiːtər/

peter

次第に弱まる

Meaning

to diminish gradually and come to an end; to fade or dwindle away

Example

The excitement of the event began to peter out after a few hours.

イベントの興奮は数時間後に次第に収束し始めた。

C2 noun /ˌfɑːsfəˈrɛsəns/

phosphorescence

フォスフォレッセンス

Meaning

the property of emitting light without noticeable heat

Example

The deep-sea creatures displayed a beautiful phosphorescence.

深海の生物は美しいフォスフォレッセンスを示しました。

B2 adjective /ˌpriːməˈtjʊər/

premature

早すぎる

Meaning

Happening or done before the usual or proper time.

Example

His decision to quit the job was premature.

彼の仕事を辞める決断は早すぎた。

C2 noun /ˈfoʊ.nə.ɡræm/

phonogram

音声記号

Meaning

a written symbol representing a speech sound

Example

The teacher showed how each phonogram represents a particular sound.

教師は、各フォノグラムが特定の音を表す方法を示しました。

C1 noun prɪˈzɜː.və.tɪvz

preservatives

保存料

Meaning

A substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood, or other materials against decay.

Example

Many processed foods contain harmful preservatives.

多くの加工食品には有害な保存料が含まれています。

B1 noun /pɑːrˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/

participation

参加

Meaning

the action of taking part in something

Example

Her participation in the competition was commendable.

彼女の競技会への参加は称賛に値しました。

C1 adjective /pɑːrtʃt/

parched

極度に喉が渇いた

Meaning

extremely dry, especially because of heat or thirst

Example

After walking in the desert, he was parched with thirst.

砂漠を歩いた後、彼は極度に喉が渇いていた。

A1 noun /pɑːrt/

part

部分

Meaning

a piece or segment of something

Example

She gave me a part of her chocolate.

彼女は私にチョコレートの一部をくれました。

C2 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡæmɪst/

polygamist

重婚者

Meaning

a person who has more than one spouse at the same time

Example

The polygamist had three wives living in different houses.

ポリガミストは三人の妻が別々の家に住んでいる。

A2 noun /ˈpʊd.ɪŋ/

Pudding

プリン

Meaning

a sweet dessert typically made by boiling or steaming

Example

My grandmother makes delicious chocolate pudding for dessert.

祖母はデザートとして美味しいチョコレートプリンを作ります。

B2 noun /ˈpref.ər.əns/

Preference

優先

Meaning

a greater liking for one alternative over another or others

Example

She has a preference for classical music over pop music.

彼女はポップ音楽よりもクラシック音楽を好む。

B2 noun /ˈpɔːrɪdʒ/

porridge

Meaning

A soft food made by boiling oats or other grains in milk or water.

Example

She had a bowl of porridge for breakfast.

C1 verb /pərˈsɑːnɪfaɪ/

personify

幸福

Meaning

To represent or embody a quality, idea, or concept in human form.

Example

She personifies kindness and generosity.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せなかった。

C2 noun /ˌsuːdəʊəˈpɒsəl/

pseudapostle

偽使徒

Meaning

a false or pretended apostle

Example

The preacher was condemned as a pseudapostle.

その説教師は偽使徒として非難されました。

B1 noun /ˈpʊl.oʊ.vər/

Pullover

セーター

Meaning

a knitted garment worn on the upper body, typically pulled on over the head

Example

She wore a warm pullover during the cold winter evening.

彼女は寒い冬の夕方に温かいセーターを着ていた。

C1 adjective /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊzd/

predisposed

傾向

Meaning

Likely or inclined to be affected by something in advance.

Example

She is predisposed to trust people easily.

彼女は人々を簡単に信頼する傾向があります。

B1 verb /pərˈmɪt/

permit

許可する

Meaning

to allow or give permission; to make possible

Example

The teacher permits students to use calculators during the exam.

先生は試験中に学生に計算機の使用を許可しています。

C1 noun /pəˈsweɪsɪvnes/

persuasiveness

説得力

Meaning

The quality of being good at persuading someone to do or believe something.

Example

Her persuasiveness convinced the team to follow her suggestions.

彼女の説得力は、チームに彼女の提案に従わせました。

A2 verb /pɒp/

pop

弾ける

Meaning

to make a short, sharp sound, or to burst or break with such a sound

Example

The balloon popped when I accidentally pricked it with a pin.

風船は、私が間違ってピンで刺したときに破裂しました。

A1 noun /ˈpɑːpə/

papa

お父さん

Meaning

an informal or affectionate term for one’s father

Example

Papa is picking me up from school today.

パパは今日学校に迎えに来る。

B2 noun /ˈpæθweɪ/

pathway

小道

Meaning

a route or course along which something travels or progresses

Example

The narrow pathway led to the hidden garden.

狭い小道が隠れた庭へと続いていた。

C2 noun /ˌpɛdəˈɡɒdʒɪks/

pedagogics

教育学

Meaning

the science or art of teaching

Example

He studied pedagogics to become a better teacher.

彼はより良い教師になるために教育学を学びました。

B1 noun pɔːrt

Port

港

Meaning

A town or city with a harbor where ships load or unload.

Example

Ports improve maritime trade.

港は海上貿易を改善します。

B2 noun pəˈspek.tɪvz

perspectives

視点

Meaning

A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.

Example

New perspectives enhance understanding.

新しい視点が理解を深めます。

A1 noun ˈpɛrənts

Parents

親

Meaning

One's father and mother.

Example

The family tree starts with the child's parents.

家系図は子供の親から始まります。

C1 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.ləs/

pitiless

無慈悲

Meaning

showing no pity or compassion; cruel

Example

The pitiless ruler ignored the suffering of his people.

無慈悲な支配者は自分の民の苦しみを無視した。

A2 adjective ˈpɒzətɪv

positive

ポジティブ

Meaning

Having an electric charge opposite to that of an electron.

Example

Protons have a positive charge.

陽子は正の電荷を持っています。

B1 noun prəˈtek.ʃən

protection

保護

Meaning

The action of protecting someone or something, or the state of being protected.

Example

The movement focused on the protection of rights.

運動は権利の保護に集中しました。

C1 noun /ˈpleɪn.tɪf/

Plaintiff

原告

Meaning

a person who brings a case against another in a court of law; the person who initiates a lawsuit

Example

The plaintiff filed a lawsuit against the company.

原告は会社に対して訴訟を起こした。

C1 noun /ˈpɪl.fər.ɪdʒ/

Pilferage

窃盗

Meaning

the theft of small amounts or items, especially from one's workplace

Example

The company installed cameras to prevent pilferage.

会社は窃盗を防ぐために監視カメラを設置した。

C2 adjective /ˈpɛnɪtrəbl/

penetrable

通過可能な

Meaning

Capable of being passed through or entered.

Example

The thin wall was easily penetrable.

薄い壁は簡単に通過可能でした。

C1 verb /piːv/

peeve

苛立たせる

Meaning

To annoy or irritate someone.

Example

His constant interruptions really peeve me.

彼の絶え間ない干渉は本当に私を苛立たせます。

A2 noun /pleɪt/

Plate

プレート

Meaning

a flat, typically round dish used for serving or eating food

Example

Please put the rice on your plate.

ご飯をあなたのプレートに乗せてください。

B2 noun /prɒp/

prop

小道具

Meaning

an object used on stage by actors during a performance; something that supports or holds up

Example

The actor forgot his prop on stage.

俳優はステージで小道具を忘れた。

B2 noun /pʌls/

Pulse

豆類

Meaning

edible seeds of leguminous plants such as lentils, beans, and peas

Example

Pulses are an excellent source of protein for vegetarians.

豆類はベジタリアンにとって優れたタンパク源です。

C1 noun, verb /ˌprɒməˈneɪd/

promenade

散歩

Meaning

A leisurely walk or stroll, especially in a public place for pleasure or display.

Example

They went for a promenade along the seaside.

彼らは海辺をプロムナードしていました。

A1 noun /ˈpeɪ.pər/

paper

紙, ドキュメント, 研究論文

Meaning

A material manufactured in thin sheets from the pulp of wood or other fibrous substances, used for writing or printing on.

Example

The student submitted his research paper on artificial intelligence.

学生は人工知能に関する研究論文を提出しました。

C2 noun /prɒɡˌnɒstɪˈkeɪʃən/

prognostication

予言

Meaning

The act of foretelling or predicting future events.

Example

The astrologer's prognostication fascinated the audience.

占星術師の予言は聴衆を魅了した。

B1 noun ˈpɒl.ə.si

policy

方針

Meaning

A course or principle of action adopted or proposed by a government, party, business, or individual; a contract of insurance.

Example

Effective policies drive national development.

効果的な方針は国の発展を促進します。

B2 adjective /prəˈfaʊnd/

profound

深遠

Meaning

Very great or intense; having deep insight or understanding.

Example

The speech had a profound impact on the audience.

そのスピーチは聴衆に深い影響を与えました。

C2 verb /ˈpɜːrdʒər/

perjure

偽証する

Meaning

To knowingly tell a lie in a court of law after swearing to tell the truth.

Example

He was accused of trying to perjure himself during the trial.

彼は裁判中に偽証しようとしたとして告発されました。

B2 adjective /pɪˈkjuː.li.ər/

Peculiar

奇妙な; 異常な; 珍しい

Meaning

strange or odd; unusual; belonging exclusively to

Example

She has a peculiar way of speaking.

彼女は奇妙な話し方をしています。

B2 noun /pəˈsjuːt/

pursuit

追求, 探求

Meaning

the act of chasing or trying to achieve something

Example

He dedicated his life to the pursuit of happiness.

彼は幸福を追い求めることに人生を捧げた。

C2 noun /ˈpraɪəri/

priory

修道院

Meaning

a small monastery or convent governed by a prior or prioress

Example

The old priory was converted into a museum.

古い修道院は博物館に改装されました。

C2 adjective /ˌpɑːrsɪˈmoʊniəs/

parsimonious

けち

Meaning

unwilling to spend money or use resources; stingy

Example

The company was too parsimonious to invest in better equipment.

その会社は良い設備に投資するにはあまりにもけちだった。

C1 noun prəˈpɛn.sə.ti

propensity

傾向または自然な傾向

Meaning

An inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.

Example

He has a propensity for taking risks in business.

彼はビジネスでリスクを取る傾向がある。

C1 noun /ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv ˈliː.də.ʃɪp/

proactive leadership

プロアクティブリーダーシップ

Meaning

Leadership that takes initiative and anticipates problems before they occur, rather than reacting to events.

Example

Proactive leadership ensures timely decisions.

プロアクティブリーダーシップは適時の意思決定を保証します。

C1 adjective /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

physiological

身体の機能と活動に関連する

Meaning

Relating to bodily functions and activities.

Example

Exercise improves physiological functions of the body.

運動は身体の生理的機能を改善します。

B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/

promising

有望な

Meaning

showing signs of future success or potential

Example

She is a promising young scientist with great ideas.

彼女は素晴らしいアイデアを持つ、有望な若い科学者です。

C2 adjective /ˌpɜːrtɪˈneɪʃəs/

pertinacious

頑固な

Meaning

holding firmly to an opinion, purpose, or course of action; stubbornly persistent

Example

The pertinacious lawyer refused to give up the case.

頑固な弁護士は事件を諦めることを拒否しました。

C2 noun /ˈplɛnɪtjuːd/

plenitude

充実

Meaning

the condition of being full or abundant; a great quantity

Example

The garden was a plenitude of flowers in spring.

春に庭は花の充実でした。

C2 noun /poʊˈzɜːr/

poseur

Meaning

A person who pretends to be something they are not, often to impress others.

Example

Many considered him a poseur because he exaggerated his accomplishments.

B1 verb /pɑːrtɪsɪˈpeɪtɪŋ/

participating

参加する

Meaning

Taking part in an activity or event.

Example

He is participating in the Antarctic expedition.

彼は南極遠征に参加しています。

C1 adjective /ˌpriːˈmɛdɪˌteɪtɪd/

premeditated

計画的

Meaning

planned in advance; done deliberately

Example

The crime was clearly premeditated.

その犯罪は明らかに計画的だった。

C1 adjective /praɪˈmiːvəl/

primeval

原始的

Meaning

Relating to the earliest ages in history; ancient and primitive.

Example

The explorers ventured into the primeval forest untouched by humans.

探検者たちは、人間によって手つかずの原始的な森に踏み込んだ。

B2 noun ˌprɒd.ʌkˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

productivity

生産性

Meaning

The effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input.

Example

Improved irrigation boosts productivity.

改善された灌漑は生産性を向上させる。

B2 verb /pɔːˈtreɪ/

portray

描く

Meaning

to describe or represent something or someone in a work of art or literature

Example

The novel portrays a vivid picture of life in the countryside.

その小説は田舎での生活の生き生きとした絵を描いています。

C1 noun /pɜːrl drɒp/

Pearl drop

パールの滴

Meaning

a single pearl used as jewelry, often in earrings or pendants

Example

The elegant pearl drop earrings complemented her outfit perfectly.

そのエレガントなパールの滴のイヤリングは、彼女の服装に完璧にマッチしていました。

B2 adjective /ˌpɑːrləˈmɛntri/

parliamentary

議会の

Meaning

relating to a parliament or its members; relating to a system of government with parliamentary authority

Example

The country follows a parliamentary form of government.

その国は議会制の政府を採用している。

B1 noun ˈplænɪŋ

planning

計画

Meaning

The process of making plans for something; the control of urban development by a local government authority.

Example

Effective planning ensures better waste management.

効果的な計画は、より良い廃棄物管理を保証します。

B2 adjective /pəˈrɛntəl/

parental

親に関連する

Meaning

relating to a parent or parents; characteristic of a mother or father

Example

Parental guidance is important for a child's development.

子供の成長には親のガイダンスが重要です。

C1 adjective /ˈpɔːltri/

paltry

取るに足りない, 些細な

Meaning

small or meager; lacking in value or importance

Example

They offered him a paltry sum for his work.

彼らは彼の仕事に対して取るに足りない金額を提案した。

A1 noun /ˈprɒb.ləm/

Problem

問題

Meaning

a situation that causes difficulties and needs to be dealt with or solved

Example

We need to solve this problem quickly.

この問題を早く解決しなければなりません。

B1 noun /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

pronunciation

発音

Meaning

the way a word or language is spoken; the act or result of pronouncing words

Example

Her pronunciation of French words has improved significantly.

彼女のフランス語の単語の発音は大きく向上した。

B2 noun /ˈproʊtəˌtaɪp/

prototype

プロトタイプ

Meaning

The first model or version of something, used as a sample for testing or improvement.

Example

The company built a prototype of the new smartphone before mass production.

会社は大量生産の前に新しいスマートフォンのプロトタイプを作成しました。

B2 verb /poʊk/

poke

突く

Meaning

to push or prod with a finger or pointed object

Example

Don't poke me with your finger.

指で突っつかないで。

C1 noun /pɪˌdɛs.tri.ə.naɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

pedestrianization

歩行者専用化

Meaning

Making areas pedestrian-friendly, closing any area to vehicle traffic and making it open only for pedestrians.

Example

The pedestrianization of city centers reduces pollution.

市中心部の歩行者専用化は、汚染を減らす。

B1 noun /ˈpeɪstri/

pastry

ペストリー

Meaning

a baked food product made from flour, fat, and water, often sweet or savory

Example

I bought a box of fresh pastries for breakfast.

私は朝食のために新鮮なペストリーの箱を買いました。

C1 adjective /ˈperɪɡrɪn/

Peregrine

移動する; 渡り鳥; 旅行する

Meaning

wandering; traveling; migratory

Example

The peregrine falcon is known for its incredible speed.

ハヤブサはその驚異的な速度で知られています。

C1 noun /ˌpiːdiˈætrɪks/

pediatrics

小児科

Meaning

the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of children

Example

She decided to specialize in pediatrics after medical school.

彼女は医科大学を卒業後、小児科を専門にすることに決めました。

B1 noun /prɪnt/

Print

印刷; マーク; 足跡;

Meaning

words, letters, or pictures produced on paper using a machine; a mark made by pressing something onto a surface

Example

The book is available in both digital and print versions.

その本はデジタル版と印刷版の両方で利用可能です。

B1 noun /ˈpraɪ.və.si/

Privacy

プライバシー

Meaning

the state of being alone and not watched or disturbed by other people; the right to keep your personal information secret

Example

Everyone has the right to privacy.

誰でもプライバシーを持つ権利があります。

C1 noun ˌpriː.dɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən

predisposition

素因

Meaning

A natural tendency or inclination toward a particular behavior or condition.

Example

Genetic factors can influence a person's predisposition to diseases.

遺伝的要因は、病気に対する人の素因に影響を与える可能性があります。

A1 noun /praɪs/

price

価格

Meaning

the amount of money expected, required, or given for something

Example

The price of the car has increased recently.

車の価格は最近上がりました。

B2 noun, verb /ˈplɑːstər/

plaster

プラスター, 修理する

Meaning

a soft mixture applied to walls or used to cover wounds; or to cover or coat with plaster

Example

The workers plastered the walls to make them smooth.

作業員たちは壁を滑らかにするためにプラスターを塗った。

B1 noun /ˈpeɪvmənt/

pavement

歩道

Meaning

a hard paved surface such as a road or sidewalk; the act or result of paving

Example

She walked along the pavement to reach the bus stop.

彼女はバス停まで歩道を歩いた。

A2 adverb /pəˈhæps/

Perhaps

おそらく; もしかしたら

Meaning

possibly; maybe; used to express uncertainty or make a suggestion

Example

Perhaps we should call before visiting to make sure they're home.

おそらく、私たちは訪問する前に電話をかけて、彼らが家にいることを確認するべきです。

C2 verb /proʊˈskraɪb/

proscribe

禁止する

Meaning

to forbid something by law or authority

Example

The new law will proscribe the use of harmful chemicals in farming.

新しい法律は農業で有害な化学物質の使用を禁止します。

A2 noun /ˈprɛzɪdənt/

president

大統領

Meaning

the elected head of a republican state

Example

The president addressed the nation last night.

大統領は昨晩、国民に向けて演説を行いました。

B2 adjective /ˈpɑːr.ʃəl/

Partial

部分的; 偏見のある;

Meaning

incomplete; showing bias or prejudice

Example

The judge gave a partial decision in favor of the defendant.

裁判官は被告人に有利な部分的な決定を下した。

B2 adjective /ˈpen.dɪŋ/

Pending

保留中; 未決定; 進行中

Meaning

awaiting; not yet decided or settled; in the process of being completed

Example

The application is still pending approval.

申請はまだ承認待ちです。

C1 noun /ˈpærɪti/

parity

平等

Meaning

the state or condition of being equal, especially in status or pay

Example

The campaign aims to achieve pay parity between men and women.

キャンペーンは男性と女性の間で給与の平等を達成することを目指しています。

C1 noun /pəˈnæʃ/

panache

独自のスタイル

Meaning

Flamboyant confidence of style or manner; distinctive and stylish elegance.

Example

He delivered his speech with great panache.

彼は素晴らしいスタイルでスピーチを行った。

C2 verb /ˌpriːɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/

preengage

事前契約

Meaning

To contract or engage beforehand; to arrange in advance.

Example

The workers were preengaged before the project officially started.

プロジェクトが公式に開始される前に、作業員はすでに前もって契約されていました。

A2 noun /ˈpleɪər/

player

選手

Meaning

a person who participates in a game or sport

Example

The player scored the winning goal.

選手は決勝ゴールを決めました。

C1 adjective /ˈpiːkənt/

piquant

辛い

Meaning

having a pleasantly sharp or spicy taste; interestingly provocative

Example

The chef added a piquant sauce to the dish to enhance its flavor.

シェフは料理に辛いソースを加えて、味を引き立てました。

A1 verb /pʊt/

put

置く

Meaning

to place something in a particular position; to move to a location

Example

Please put the book on the table.

本をテーブルに置いてください。

B1 verb /pɑːrˈtɪsɪpeɪt/

participate

参加する

Meaning

to take part in or become involved in an activity

Example

Students are encouraged to participate in extracurricular activities.

学生は課外活動に参加するよう奨励されています。

C1 noun /ˈpriːˌkɜrsər/

precursor

前兆

Meaning

Something or someone that comes before another and indicates the approach of something else.

Example

The steam engine was a precursor to modern trains.

蒸気機関車は現代の列車の前兆でした。

C2 verb /prɪˈværɪkeɪt/

prevaricate

Meaning

to avoid telling the truth by not giving a direct answer

Example

The politician began to prevaricate when asked about the scandal.