inflammation
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B2 noun ˌɪn.fləˈmeɪ.ʃən

inflammation

炎症
Meaning
A localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful.
Example
Chronic inflammation can lead to severe diseases.
慢性炎症は重篤な疾患を引き起こす可能性があります。
C1 verb /ɪˈmɔːrtəlaɪz/

immortalize

不朽の
Meaning
to preserve the memory of someone or something forever
Example
The statue was built to immortalize the hero’s sacrifice.
その像は、英雄の犠牲を永遠にするために建てられました。
C2 verb /ˌɪnkəˈpæsɪteɪt/

incapacitate

無力化する
Meaning
to deprive someone or something of the ability or strength to function
Example
The severe injury incapacitated the player for the rest of the season.
その重傷はプレーヤーをシーズンの残りの期間無力化させた。
B2 noun /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/

infinity

無限
Meaning
A concept describing something without any limit or end.
Example
The universe seems to stretch into infinity.
宇宙は無限に広がっているように見える。
C2 verb /ɪˈnjʊər/

inure

慣れる
Meaning
To become accustomed to something, especially something unpleasant.
Example
Soldiers quickly became inured to the harsh conditions.
兵士たちはすぐに過酷な状況に慣れました。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɔːˈspɪʃəs/

Inauspicious

不吉
Meaning
unlucky; showing signs that future success is unlikely; unfavorable
Example
The dark clouds seemed inauspicious for the wedding.
暗い雲は結婚式にとって不吉に思えた。
C2 adjective /ɪˈnɪmɪkəl/

inimical

敵対的 / 不利な
Meaning
tending to obstruct or harm; unfriendly or hostile
Example
The policy was inimical to the country's economic growth.
その政策は国の経済成長に不利だった。
B2 verb ɪmˈpoʊz

imposes

課す
Meaning
To establish or apply by authority; to force something unwelcome or unfamiliar to be accepted or put in place.
Example
Pollution imposes harmful effects on the environment.
汚染は環境に有害な影響を課します。
B2 verb /ɪnˈtɜːrprət/

interpret

Meaning
to explain the meaning of something; to translate orally
Example
She had to interpret the speech for the foreign guests.
C2 noun /ɪnˈvɛktɪv/

invective

侮辱的な言葉
Meaning
Insulting, abusive, or highly critical language.
Example
The politician’s speech was filled with invective against his opponents.
その政治家の演説は、対立候補に対する侮辱的な言葉で満ちていた。
C1 verb /ˈaɪdəlaɪz/

idolize

偶像視する
Meaning
To admire or worship someone excessively.
Example
Fans often idolize celebrities for their talent and lifestyle.
ファンはしばしばその才能とライフスタイルのために有名人を偶像視します。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɛrənt/

inherent

固有の
Meaning
Existing in something as a natural, permanent, or essential quality.
Example
There are inherent risks in extreme sports.
エクストリームスポーツには固有のリスクが存在する。
B2 adjective /ˌɪd.iˈɒt.ɪk/

Idiotic

愚か
Meaning
extremely stupid; foolish; senseless
Example
His idiotic behavior embarrassed everyone at the meeting.
彼の愚かな行動は会議でみんなを困らせた。
B1 noun /ɪmˈprɛʃən/

impression

印象, 概念
Meaning
an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone
Example
The book gave me a good first impression.
その本は私に良い最初の印象を与えました。
B2 adjective /ˈɪrɪteɪtɪd/

irritated

いらいらした
Meaning
feeling annoyed or impatient; having inflamed or sore physical condition
Example
She felt irritated by the constant noise outside her window.
窓の外の絶え間ない騒音に彼女はいらいらした。
C2 adjective /ɪmˌpɜːrˈsweɪdəbl/

impersuadable

説得できない
Meaning
not able to be convinced or persuaded
Example
She remained impersuadable despite all our arguments.
彼女はすべての議論にもかかわらず説得できなかった。
B2 adjective /ɪnˈklaɪnd/

inclined

傾向がある
Meaning
having a tendency or disposition toward something
Example
He is inclined to help those in need.
彼は困っている人々を助ける傾向がある。
C1 adjective /ˈɪnfəməs/

infamous

悪名高い
Meaning
well known for some bad quality or deed
Example
The dictator was infamous for his cruelty.
その独裁者はその残虐さで悪名高かった。
B2 noun ˈɪnəveɪtɪv tuːlz

innovative tools

革新的なツール
Meaning
Creative devices or advanced technologies that introduce new methods or approaches to accomplish tasks.
Example
Teachers use innovative tools to enhance classroom learning.
教師は教室での学習を向上させるために革新的なツールを使用します。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/

indignant

憤慨した
Meaning
Feeling or showing anger at something considered unfair or unjust.
Example
She was indignant when accused of cheating.
彼女は不正行為を非難されたとき、憤慨していた。
C2 verb /ˈɪmprɛɡneɪt/

impregnate

妊娠させる / 飽和させる
Meaning
To make pregnant; to fill or saturate with something.
Example
The scientist used a method to impregnate the material with resin.
科学者は樹脂で素材をインプレグネイトする方法を使用しました。
C2 noun /ˌɪnvəˈlɪdɪti/

invalidity

無効性
Meaning
the state of being invalid, legally void, or lacking force or validity
Example
The court ruled that the contract suffered from invalidity.
裁判所はその契約に無効性があると判断した。
B2 adjective ˌɪn.təˈræk.tɪv

interactive

インタラクティブ
Meaning
Allowing a two-way flow of information between it and a user, responding to the user's input.
Example
Interactive learning keeps students engaged in lessons.
インタラクティブな学習は、学生が授業に参加し続けるのを助けます。
B2 adjective /ɪnˈkeɪpəbəl/

incapable

無能力な
Meaning
lacking the ability, skill, or capacity to do something
Example
He is incapable of understanding complex instructions.
彼は複雑な指示を理解できない。
B2 adjective /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl/

institutional

制度的
Meaning
Relating to an organization or established practice.
Example
The government made several institutional reforms in education.
政府は教育においていくつかの制度的改革を実施しました。
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmɪnət/

indiscriminate

無差別
Meaning
Done without careful judgment; random or haphazard.
Example
The indiscriminate use of pesticides harms the environment.
農薬の無差別な使用は環境に害を与えます。
C2 adjective /ɪˈmɒdərət/

immoderate

過度な
Meaning
excessive; beyond reasonable limits
Example
He has an immoderate love for sweets.
彼はお菓子に対して過度の愛情を持っています。
B2 noun /ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃən/

immigration

移民
Meaning
the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country
Example
Immigration policies vary from country to country.
移民政策は国によって異なります。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈprɛsəbl/

incompressible

圧縮不可能
Meaning
Not able to be pressed or squeezed into a smaller space.
Example
Liquids are generally considered incompressible.
液体は通常、圧縮不可能と見なされます。
C1 adverb /ɪnˈvɜːrs.li/

Inversely

逆に; 反対に
Meaning
in a way that is opposite or contrary; in reverse order or manner
Example
The price of goods is inversely related to their availability in the market.
商品の価格は市場での入手可能性に逆に関連しています。
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɛn.ɪ.tənt/

impenitent

後悔しない
Meaning
Not feeling regret or shame about one's actions.
Example
The criminal remained impenitent after the trial.
犯人は裁判後も後悔しないままでした。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtræk.tə.bəl/

intractable

管理不能
Meaning
Difficult or impossible to manage, control, or solve.
Example
The conflict has become an intractable problem.
その対立は管理不能な問題になった。
C1 adjective /ˈɪɡ.ni.əs/

igneous

火成
Meaning
Formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Example
Granite is an igneous rock commonly used in construction.
花崗岩は建設に一般的に使用される火成岩です。
B1 noun /ɪnˈʃʊərəns/

insurance

保険
Meaning
An arrangement by which a company provides compensation for loss, damage, or illness in return for a premium.
Example
He bought health insurance to cover medical expenses.
彼は医療費をカバーするために健康保険に加入しました。
C2 noun /ˈɪndɪkənt/

indicant

指標
Meaning
Something that indicates or points to a fact or condition.
Example
High fever is often an indicant of infection.
高熱はしばしば感染の指標となります。
C1 noun /ˈɪn.tə.mə.si/

Intimacy

親密さ; 親しみ
Meaning
close familiarity or friendship; closeness; a private cozy atmosphere
Example
The couple valued the emotional intimacy they shared more than material possessions.
そのカップルは物質的な所有物よりも、共有した感情的な親密さを大切にしていました。
B2 adjective /aɪˈrɒnɪkəl/

ironical

皮肉な
Meaning
expressing irony; having the nature of irony
Example
Her ironical tone made everyone uncomfortable.
彼女の皮肉な口調は、皆を不快にさせました。
C2 noun /ˌɪnˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/

incapability

無能力
Meaning
lack of ability or power to do something; inability or incompetence
Example
His incapability to manage the team led to serious problems.
チームを管理する彼の無能力は深刻な問題を引き起こした。
C1 noun /ˌɪndɪˈdʒɛstʃən/

indigestion

Meaning
Discomfort or pain in the stomach associated with difficulty in digesting food.
Example
He avoided spicy food because it often gave him indigestion.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpiːtʃ/

impeach

Meaning
To charge a public official with misconduct while in office.
Example
The parliament voted to impeach the president.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdiːsənt/

indecent

不品な
Meaning
not conforming to accepted standards of behavior or morality; improper or offensive
Example
He was warned for making an indecent remark during the meeting.
彼は不品な発言で注意された。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtənt/

incompetent

Meaning
Lacking the necessary ability or skills to do something successfully.
Example
He was fired because he was incompetent at his job.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈstrɪkəbl/

inextricable

分けられない
Meaning
Impossible to separate or escape from.
Example
The two friends shared an inextricable bond.
二人の友達は分けられない絆を共有していた。
C1 noun /aɪˈdiː.ə.lɪ.zəm/

Idealism

理想主義
Meaning
the pursuit of high principles and noble goals; unrealistic pursuit of perfection
Example
His youthful idealism motivated him to join various social justice movements.
彼の若い理想主義は、彼を様々な社会正義運動に参加させる原動力となった。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːʃən/

insertion

挿入
Meaning
the action of inserting something into something else
Example
The insertion of the new data was completed successfully.
新しいデータの挿入は成功裏に完了しました。
C1 adjective ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪk

intrinsic

内在的, 本質的, 自然な
Meaning
Belonging naturally; essential. Existing as a natural or basic part of something.
Example
Creativity is an intrinsic quality of a great artist.
創造性は偉大なアーティストの内在的な資質です。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməbəl/

Inflammable

可燃; 発火性
Meaning
easily set on fire; flammable; combustible
Example
The inflammable material caught fire quickly.
その可燃性材料はすぐに火をつけました。
B1 verb /ɪnˈvɛs.tɪ.ɡeɪt/

investigate

調査する
Meaning
to carry out a systematic inquiry to discover facts or information
Example
The police will investigate the incident thoroughly.
警察は事件を徹底的に調査するでしょう。
C2 noun /ˈɪrɪtənsi/

irritancy

苛立ち
Meaning
the quality or state of causing irritation; legal or formal invalidation
Example
The constant noise became an irritancy to the neighbors.
絶え間ない騒音は隣人にとって苛立ちの原因となりました。
B2 adverb /ɪmˈpɔːtəntli/

importantly

重要な方法で
Meaning
in a way that is of great significance or value
Example
Importantly, the report highlights the need for immediate action.
重要な方法で、報告書は即時の行動の必要性を強調しました。
B2 noun /ɪnˈkwaɪəri/ or /ˈɪnkwəri/

inquiry

調査 / 問い合わせ
Meaning
An act of asking for information; an investigation into something.
Example
The committee launched an inquiry into the financial irregularities.
委員会は財務の不正行為に関する調査を開始しました。
C1 noun /ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/

indictment

起訴状
Meaning
a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime
Example
The indictment accused the company of multiple violations.
起訴状は、会社に対する複数の違反を告発しました。
C2 adjective /ɪmˈplækəbl/

implacable

容赦しない
Meaning
unable to be appeased, calmed, or pacified
Example
The soldiers faced an implacable enemy who refused to surrender.
兵士たちは降伏を拒否した容赦しない敵に直面した。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌstriəs/

industrious

勤勉な
Meaning
Hardworking and diligent in one's duties.
Example
She is an industrious student who always completes her assignments on time.
彼女は常に期限通りに課題を終わらせる勤勉な学生です。
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɛdɪmənt/

impediments

障害
Meaning
A hindrance or obstruction in doing something; things that prevent progress or achievement.
Example
Economic impediments often hinder social development.
経済的な障害はしばしば社会的発展を妨げる。
C2 noun /ˌɪnkænˈteɪʃən/

incantation

呪文
Meaning
a series of words used as a magic spell or charm
Example
The wizard chanted an incantation to summon the spirits.
魔法使いは霊を呼び出すために呪文を唱えました。
C2 adjective /ɪˈrɛfrəɡəbəl/

irrefragable

反論できない
Meaning
Impossible to refute, deny, or break
Example
The lawyer presented irrefragable evidence that proved his client’s innocence.
弁護士は彼のクライアントの無実を証明する反論できない証拠を提示しました。
C2 noun /ˈɪŋkjʊbəs/

incubus

悪夢のような重荷
Meaning
An oppressive or nightmarish burden; in folklore, an evil spirit that lies upon sleeping people.
Example
Debt became an incubus that weighed heavily on the family.
借金は家族に重くのしかかる悪夢のような存在となった。
C1 adjective /ɪˈmuː.və.bəl/

immovable

動かせない
Meaning
Not able to be moved; fixed in position.
Example
Immovable barriers prevent change.
動かせない障害物が変化を妨げる。
B2 adjective /ɪˈlɪt.ər.ət/

Illiterate

識字障害者; 読み書きができない; 無知
Meaning
unable to read or write; lacking education
Example
The program aims to help illiterate adults learn to read and write.
このプログラムは、識字率の低い成人が読み書きを学ぶ手助けをすることを目的としています。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəbl/

inexplicable

説明できない
Meaning
Impossible to explain or understand.
Example
The sudden disappearance of the file was inexplicable.
ファイルの突然の消失は説明できなかった。
B2 noun /ɪmˈpeɪʃəns/

impatience

忍耐力不足
Meaning
The state of being quickly irritated or unable to wait calmly.
Example
His impatience grew as the meeting dragged on.
会議が長引くにつれて、彼の忍耐力不足が増しました。
C1 adjective /ɪˈniː.bri.eɪ.tɪd/

inebriated

酔っ払った
Meaning
under the influence of alcohol; drunk
Example
He stumbled into the room completely inebriated.
彼は完全に酔っ払って部屋に入ってきた。
A2 noun /ˈɪlnəs/

illness

病気
Meaning
A condition of being unwell or suffering from a disease.
Example
She missed school due to a serious illness.
彼女は深刻な病気のため学校を休んだ。
C2 noun /ɪkˈsɔːr.ə/

Ixora

イクソラ
Meaning
a tropical flowering shrub with clusters of small bright red, orange, or yellow flowers
Example
The bright red ixora bushes lined the pathway to the tropical garden.
明るい赤いイクソラの低木が熱帯庭園への小道を囲んでいました。
C2 noun /ˌɪn.təˈvɛn.ʃə.nɪ.zəm/

interventionism

介入主義
Meaning
Government policy of active involvement in economic affairs.
Example
The central bank's interventionism helped stabilize inflation.
中央銀行の介入主義はインフレの安定に役立った。
B1 noun /ˌɪntərˈækʃən/

interaction

相互作用
Meaning
The process of people or things acting upon or influencing each other.
Example
The teacher encouraged more interaction between students.
教師は生徒間のさらなるインタラクションを促進しました。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnsərˈmaʊntəbl/

insurmountable

克服不可能
Meaning
Too great to be overcome.
Example
The explorers faced insurmountable odds in the desert.
探検者たちは砂漠で克服不可能な障害に直面した。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛl/

impel

Meaning
to drive, force, or urge someone to do something
Example
Her curiosity impelled her to open the mysterious box.
B2 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Indication

指示; 合図
Meaning
a sign or piece of information that indicates something; a suggestion or hint
Example
The dark clouds were a clear indication that a storm was approaching the area.
暗い雲は嵐がその地域に近づいていることを示す明確な指示でした。
B2 verb /ɪnˈtriːɡ/

intrigue

魅了する
Meaning
to arouse curiosity or interest; to make someone fascinated
Example
The mystery novel will intrigue any reader.
ミステリー小説はすべての読者を魅了するでしょう。
C2 noun /ˈaɪdlər/

idler

怠け者
Meaning
A person who avoids work or spends time lazily.
Example
He was known as an idler who wasted his days.
彼は自分の時間を無駄にするアイドラーとして知られていました。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɛk.wɪ.tə.bəl/

inequitable

不公平な
Meaning
Not fair or just; lacking in fairness or equality.
Example
The distribution of resources was inequitable among the workers.
リソースの分配は労働者の間で不平等でした。
C1 noun ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs trəˈdɪʃənz

Indigenous Traditions

先住民の伝統
Meaning
Cultural practices, beliefs, and customs that have been passed down through generations among native peoples.
Example
Indigenous traditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts are unique.
チッタゴン丘陵地帯の先住民の伝統はユニークです。
B1 noun /ˈɪn.flu.əns/

Influence

影響; 力
Meaning
the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something
Example
The teacher's positive influence helped the student overcome his learning difficulties.
教師の積極的な影響が生徒の学習の問題を克服する手助けをしました。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvɛtərət/

inveterate

常習的な
Meaning
having a long-established habit, activity, or interest that is unlikely to change
Example
He is an inveterate reader who spends hours in the library every day.
彼は毎日数時間を図書館で過ごす常習的な読者です。
C1 adjective /aɪˈdɪlɪk/

idyllic

田園詩のように美しい
Meaning
Like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque.
Example
They enjoyed an idyllic vacation by the sea.
彼らは海辺で田園詩のような休暇を楽しみました。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkoʊˈɜːrsəbl̩/

incoercible

強制できない
Meaning
Not capable of being forced, compelled, or restrained.
Example
Her incoercible spirit inspired others to fight for justice.
彼女の強制できない精神は他の人々に正義のために戦うようにインスパイアした。
C2 noun /ɪˈnænɪti/

inanity

馬鹿げたこと, 空虚
Meaning
a nonsensical remark or action; silliness; emptiness
Example
The speech was full of inanities that bored the audience.
スピーチは聴衆を退屈させる馬鹿げたことだらけだった。
C1 noun ɪnˌɛv.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

inevitability

避けられない運命
Meaning
The quality of being certain to happen and impossible to avoid or prevent.
Example
The inevitability of change is a part of life.
変化の避けられないことは人生の一部です。
C2 adjective /ˌɪn.trəˈsɛl.jʊ.lər/

intracellular

細胞内
Meaning
Located or occurring within a cell.
Example
The drug works by targeting intracellular bacteria.
薬は細胞内の細菌をターゲットにして作用します。
B2 verb /ˈɪnəveɪt/

innovate

革新
Meaning
To introduce new methods, ideas, or products.
Example
The company must innovate to stay ahead of its competitors.
その企業は競争相手を追い越すために革新を続けなければならない。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvɪdiəs/

invidious

妬ましい
Meaning
likely to arouse resentment, envy, or anger in others
Example
The manager's invidious remarks created tension among the employees.
マネージャーの妬ましいコメントは、従業員の間に緊張を生み出しました。
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.səˌbɑːr/

isobar

等圧線
Meaning
A line on a weather map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure.
Example
The meteorologist explained how isobars indicate wind speed and direction.
気象学者は、等圧線が風速と風向きを示す方法を説明しました。
B2 noun /ˌɪntərˈsɛkʃən/

intersection

交差点
Meaning
a point where two or more things intersect, especially a road or path
Example
The intersection of Main Street and 5th Avenue is always busy.
メインストリートと5番街の交差点はいつも混んでいます。
C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

行き詰まり
Meaning
A situation where no progress is possible.
Example
The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.
交渉は行き詰まり、合意が遅れた。
C1 verb /ɪmˈploʊd/

implode

内爆
Meaning
To collapse or burst inward violently.
Example
The old building imploded during the demolition.
古い建物は解体中に内向きに崩壊しました。
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈprəʊtʃəbl̩/

irreproachable

非の打ち所がない
Meaning
Beyond criticism; faultless.
Example
The judge was known for his irreproachable integrity.
その裁判官は非の打ち所がない誠実さで知られていた。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɒl.ər.ə.bəl/

Intolerable

耐えられない
Meaning
unable to be endured; extremely unpleasant or painful
Example
The noise from the construction site was intolerable.
工事現場の騒音は耐えられないほどひどかった。
C1 verb /ɪnˈtruːd/

intrude

干渉する
Meaning
To enter a place or situation where one is not wanted or not invited.
Example
He felt embarrassed to intrude on their private conversation.
彼は彼らのプライベートな会話に干渉して恥ずかしく思った。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɛksərəbl/

inexorable

避けられない
Meaning
Impossible to stop or prevent; relentless.
Example
The inexorable rise of technology is changing every aspect of life.
テクノロジーの避けられない上昇は、生活のすべての側面を変えています。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməˌtɔːri/

inflammatory

幸せ
Meaning
causing inflammation in the body; arousing anger, hostility, or strong emotion
Example
His inflammatory speech triggered protests across the city.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せそうな表情を隠せなかった。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrviəs/

impervious

透過しない
Meaning
Not allowing fluid to pass through; unable to be affected by something.
Example
The jacket is impervious to rain.
ジャケットは雨に透過しません。
B2 verb /ɪnˈfɜːr/

infer

Meaning
to conclude or deduce something from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements
Example
From his silence, I inferred that he was not happy with the decision.
C1 noun /ˌɪntərˌɒpərəˈbɪləti/

interoperability

相互運用性
Meaning
The ability of computer systems or software to exchange and make use of information.
Example
The interoperability of different software systems ensures seamless workflow.
異なるソフトウェアシステムの相互運用性は、シームレスな作業の流れを確保します。
A2 noun /ɪmˈpɔːtəns/

importance

重要性
Meaning
The quality or state of being important; consequence or significance.
Example
The importance of time management cannot be overstated.
タイムマネジメントの重要性は過大評価できません。
A2 adjective /ˈɪntrəstɪd/

interested

興味がある
Meaning
Showing curiosity or concern about something.
Example
She is very interested in learning new languages.
彼女は新しい言語を学ぶことにとても興味がある。
B2 adjective aɪˈkɒnɪk

iconic

象徴的な
Meaning
Very famous or popular, especially being considered to represent particular opinions or a particular time.
Example
The line "It was the best of times..." is iconic.
"それは最良の時代だった…"というセリフは象徴的です。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈkɑːdʒɪtənt/

incogitant

無思慮な
Meaning
Lacking thought; inconsiderate or thoughtless.
Example
It was incogitant of him to make such a rude comment.
彼がそんな失礼なコメントをするのは無思慮なことでした。
C1 adjective /ˌɪməˈtɪəriəl/

immaterial

無関係
Meaning
Not important or relevant; lacking physical substance.
Example
The judge ruled that the argument was immaterial to the case.
裁判官はその議論が事件に関係ないと判断しました。
C2 noun /ɪnˈsaɪzər/

incisor

切歯
Meaning
a narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth, adapted for cutting
Example
The dentist noted that his upper left incisor was chipped.
歯科医は彼の上の左側の切歯が欠けていることに気づきました。
C2 adjective ˌɪn.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs

inefficacious

効果がない
Meaning
Not producing any or the desired effect; ineffective.
Example
The treatment was inefficacious in curing the disease.
その治療法は病気の治癒に効果がありませんでした。
B2 noun /ˈɪntərvəl/

interval

インターバル
Meaning
a period of time between two events or points; a pause or break in activity
Example
There was a short interval between the two performances.
二つの公演の間には短いインターバルがありました。
C2 verb /ɪnˈtɜːrpəˌleɪt/

interpolate

挿入する
Meaning
To insert something, often words, into a text or conversation; to estimate values between known data points.
Example
The editor interpolated a missing paragraph into the manuscript.
編集者は原稿に欠落した段落を挿入した。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈdɛkərəs/

indecorous

不作法
Meaning
Not in keeping with good taste and propriety; improper.
Example
His indecorous behavior shocked the audience.
彼の不作法な振る舞いは観客を驚かせた。
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɔːrtʃənət/

importunate

しつこい
Meaning
Persistent to the point of annoyance or intrusion
Example
The importunate salesman kept calling despite repeated refusals.
しつこい販売員は、繰り返し拒否されても電話をかけ続けました。
C1 verb /ɪnˈklaɪn/

incline

傾く
Meaning
to feel willing or favorably disposed toward something; to bend or tilt
Example
She is inclined to agree with the proposal.
彼女は提案に賛成する傾向があります。
C1 noun ˌɪn.toʊˈneɪ.ʃən

intonation

イントネーション
Meaning
The rise and fall of tone in speech and pronunciation.
Example
Proper intonation enhances the clarity of a speech.
適切なイントネーションはスピーチの明確さを高めます。
C1 adjective; noun /ɪˈmɔːrtl/

immortal

不死の
Meaning
living forever; never dying; lasting forever in fame or memory
Example
Legends often describe heroes as immortal beings who never die.
伝説では英雄は不死の存在だとされる。
B2 noun /ˈɪn.vɔɪs/

Invoice

請求書
Meaning
a list of goods sent or services provided, with a statement of the sum due for these
Example
The company sent an invoice for the office supplies delivered last week.
会社は先週配送されたオフィス用品の請求書を送付しました。
C2 adjective /ˌɪnˌɑːpərˈtuːn/

inopportune

タイミングが悪い瞬間
Meaning
Happening at a bad or inconvenient time.
Example
His call came at the most inopportune moment.
彼の電話は最もタイミングが悪い瞬間にかかってきた。
C2 noun /ɪmˈpruː.dəns/

Imprudence

無分別; 不注意; 軽率
Meaning
the quality of being imprudent; lack of care for consequences; recklessness
Example
His financial imprudence led to bankruptcy within just two years.
彼の財務の無分別は、わずか2年で破産を招いた。
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈmiːdiəbl̩/

irremediable

修復不可能
Meaning
Impossible to cure, repair, or remedy.
Example
The damage to the ancient manuscript was irremediable.
古代の写本への損傷は修復不可能でした。
C1 noun /ˈɪntərˌpleɪ/

interplay

相互作用
Meaning
The way in which two or more things have an effect on each other.
Example
The interplay between culture and technology shapes modern life.
文化と技術の相互作用が現代生活を形作っています。
C1 verb /ɪnˈtɒksɪkeɪt/

intoxicate

幸せ
Meaning
to make someone lose control of their faculties or behavior due to alcohol or drugs
Example
The strong drink quickly intoxicated him.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができなかった。
C1 adjective /ɪˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

Illogical

非論理的
Meaning
not reasonable or sensible; lacking logic
Example
It would be illogical to go swimming in such cold weather.
こんなに寒い天気で泳ぐのは非論理的です。
A1 preposition /ɪn ˈfrʌnt əv/

in front of

〜の前に
Meaning
positioned before or ahead of something; facing or located at the forward side of a person or object
Example
She stood in front of the building.
彼女は建物の前に立っていた。
A2 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈdʌk.ʃən/

introduction

紹介
Meaning
the action of introducing something or someone; an opening or beginning part
Example
The professor gave a brief introduction before starting the lecture.
教授は講義を始める前に簡単なイントロダクションをしました。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌldʒənt/

indulgent

寛容な
Meaning
Having a tendency to be overly generous or lenient with someone.
Example
The indulgent mother allowed her child to stay up late.
寛容な母は子供を遅くまで起きていることを許しました。
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɜːrtɪnəns/

impertinence

無礼
Meaning
lack of respect; rudeness
Example
The teacher was shocked by the student's impertinence.
教師は生徒の無礼さに驚いた。
C2 adjective /ɪmˈprɛɡnəbl̩/

impregnable

攻略不可能
Meaning
Unable to be captured, broken into, or defeated.
Example
The fortress was considered impregnable by the enemy.
その要塞は敵によって攻略不可能と見なされていました。