C1 adjective /ɪˈnɔːɡjərəl/

Inaugural

開幕

Meaning

marking the beginning of something; first; opening

Example

The president delivered his inaugural speech.

大統領は彼の開幕スピーチを行いました。

C1 noun /ˈɪnkjʊˌbeɪtər/

incubator

インキュベーター

Meaning

a device or environment that provides suitable conditions for eggs, cells, or infants to develop

Example

The premature baby was placed in an incubator for care.

未熟児はケアのためにインキュベーターに入れられました。

C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/

incompatibility

非互換性

Meaning

the state of being unable to exist or work together harmoniously; lack of compatibility

Example

The project failed because of incompatibility between the two software systems.

2つのソフトウェアシステムの非互換性のため、そのプロジェクトは失敗した。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

impertinent

無礼な

Meaning

rude and showing a lack of respect

Example

It was impertinent of him to question the manager's decision.

マネージャーの決定に疑問を呈するのは無礼でした。

C1 noun ˌɪnfrəˈstrʌktʃərəl dɪˈveləpmənt

infrastructural development

インフラ整備

Meaning

The process of building and improving the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.

Example

Infrastructural development is necessary for efficient recycling.

インフラストラクチャー開発は効率的なリサイクルに必要です。

C1 verb /ɪnˈskraɪb/

inscribe

刻む

Meaning

to write or carve words or symbols on a surface

Example

They inscribed her name on the trophy.

彼らはトロフィーに彼女の名前を刻みました。

C1 verb ɪˈnɪʃɪeɪtɪd

initiated

開始された

Meaning

Caused a process or action to begin; started something.

Example

The project was initiated to enhance marine biodiversity.

プロジェクトは海洋生物多様性を向上させるために開始されました。

C1 verb /ɪmˈpiːtʃ/

impeach

Meaning

To charge a public official with misconduct while in office.

Example

The parliament voted to impeach the president.

C1 noun /ɪnˈsɒm.ni.ə/

Insomnia

不眠症

Meaning

habitual sleeplessness; inability to sleep; the condition of being unable to sleep

Example

Her chronic insomnia made it difficult for her to concentrate during work hours.

彼女の慢性的な不眠症は、仕事中に集中するのを難しくさせた。

C1 adjective ˌɪn.tə.dʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃən.əl

intergenerational

世代間、異なる世代間で発生する

Meaning

Existing or occurring between different generations of a family.

Example

Intergenerational wisdom ensures cultural continuity.

インタージェネレーショナルな知恵は文化的継続性を確保する。

C1 verb /ˌɪn.trəˈspekt/

introspect

内省する

Meaning

To examine one's own thoughts, feelings, or mental state.

Example

He often introspects before making important decisions.

彼は重要な決定を下す前にしばしば自己分析をします。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɑːrʃəl/

Impartial

公正; 中立的

Meaning

treating all sides fairly; unbiased; neutral

Example

A good judge must remain impartial throughout the trial.

優れた裁判官は裁判中に公正を保たなければなりません。

C1 adjective /ɪˈmækjələt/

immaculate

完璧

Meaning

perfectly clean, neat, or free from flaws

Example

Her room was immaculate, with everything in its place.

彼女の部屋は完璧で、すべてが所定の位置にありました。

C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈmɪt.ənt

intermittent

断続的

Meaning

Happening irregularly, not continuously.

Example

The rain was intermittent throughout the day.

雨は一日中断続的でした。

C1 verb /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪt/

instigate

扇動する

Meaning

To bring about or initiate an action, often something negative.

Example

He was accused of instigating the riot.

彼は暴動を扇動したとして告発された。

C1 verb /ɪnˈkɜːr/

incur

負う

Meaning

To bring upon oneself something undesirable, usually as a result of actions.

Example

He incurred a fine for parking in the wrong place.

彼は間違った場所に駐車して罰金を科せられた。

C1 adjective /ɪˈmjuː.tə.bəl/

immutable

不変の

Meaning

Unchangeable, permanent, or fixed

Example

The laws of physics are considered immutable.

物理法則は不変と見なされます。

C1 adjective /ˌɪn.ɪˈfɛk.tʃu.əl/

ineffectual

効果がない

Meaning

Not producing any or the desired effect; lacking the ability or qualities to achieve a purpose.

Example

The manager’s ineffectual leadership caused the team to lose motivation.

マネージャーの効果がないリーダーシップは、チームがモチベーションを失う原因となった。

C1 verb /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/

inhibit

抑制する

Meaning

to prevent or restrain someone or something from acting freely; to hinder

Example

Fear can inhibit personal growth.

恐怖は個人の成長を抑制する可能性があります。

C1 noun /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

insignificance

重要でないこと

Meaning

The quality of being unimportant or trivial.

Example

He felt a sense of insignificance in the vast universe.

彼は広大な宇宙で重要でないことを感じました。

C1 verb /ɪnˈfleɪt/

inflate

膨らませる；水増しする

Meaning

to fill with air or gas so it expands; to increase excessively or artificially

Example

The mechanic inflated the tire to the correct pressure.

整備士はタイヤを適切な空気圧まで膨らませた。

C1 noun /ɪnˈdem.nə.ti/

Indemnity

補償

Meaning

security or protection against a loss or other financial burden; compensation for damage or loss

Example

The insurance company provided full indemnity for the damages caused by the flood.

保険会社は洪水による損害に対して完全な補償を提供しました。

C1 adjective /ˌɪməˈtɪəriəl/

immaterial

無関係

Meaning

Not important or relevant; lacking physical substance.

Example

The judge ruled that the argument was immaterial to the case.

裁判官はその議論が事件に関係ないと判断しました。

C1 noun /ɪnˈhɛrɪtər/

inheritor

相続人

Meaning

a person who receives money, property, or a title when someone dies

Example

She became the inheritor of her family's estate.

彼女は家族の財産の相続人となった。

C1 adverb /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli/

incidentally

ちなみに

Meaning

by the way; used to introduce a remark not directly related to the main subject

Example

Incidentally, did you know that she studied in Paris?

ちなみに、彼女がパリで勉強していたことを知っていましたか？

C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈstel.ər

interstellar

星間の、インターステラ、宇宙の

Meaning

Occurring or situated between stars.

Example

Scientists study interstellar travel possibilities.

科学者たちはインターステラ旅行の可能性を研究しています。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

inhibited

抑制された

Meaning

Unable to act in a relaxed and natural way, especially due to self-consciousness or restraint.

Example

He was too inhibited to express his true feelings.

彼は自分の本当の感情を表現するにはあまりにも抑制されていた。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɛntɪv/

inventive

創造的

Meaning

Having the ability to create or design new things or to think originally.

Example

The inventor was known for his inventive solutions to everyday problems.

発明家は日常の問題に対する創造的な解決策で知られていた。

C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːtnəs/

incompleteness

不完全さ

Meaning

the state of not being complete or whole; lack of necessary parts or fullness

Example

The incompleteness of the report caused delays in the project.

レポートの不完全さがプロジェクトの遅れを引き起こした。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɛndɪŋ/

impending

差し迫った

Meaning

about to happen soon, usually something unpleasant or threatening

Example

The villagers were worried about the impending flood.

村人たちは差し迫った洪水を心配していた。

C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛvərənt/

irreverent

不敬な

Meaning

showing a lack of respect for people or things that are usually respected

Example

The comedian’s irreverent jokes offended some of the audience.

コメディアンの不敬なジョークは、観客の一部を不快にさせた。

C1 noun ɪnˌɛv.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

inevitability

避けられない運命

Meaning

The quality of being certain to happen and impossible to avoid or prevent.

Example

The inevitability of change is a part of life.

変化の避けられないことは人生の一部です。

C1 verb /ɪˈnɔːɡjʊreɪt/

inaugurate

Meaning

To formally begin or introduce something, especially with a ceremony.

Example

The mayor will inaugurate the new bridge tomorrow.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɪnsəbl/

invincible

無敵

Meaning

too powerful to be defeated or overcome

Example

The team seemed invincible after winning ten matches in a row.

そのチームは10試合連続で勝利した後、無敵に見えた。

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈstrʌktəbl/

indestructible

壊れない

Meaning

Impossible to destroy or break.

Example

The superhero's shield was said to be indestructible.

スーパーヒーローの盾は壊れないと言われていました。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

inexcusable

許しがたい

Meaning

Too bad to be justified or overlooked; unforgivable.

Example

His rude behavior was inexcusable.

彼の無礼な行動は許しがたいものでした。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɜːs/

Inverse

逆の; 反対の

Meaning

opposite in order, nature, or effect; reversed

Example

There is an inverse relationship between price and demand.

価格と需要の間に逆の関係があります。

C1 noun /ˈɪntərˌluːd/

interlude

間奏

Meaning

A short period of time that comes between two events; an interval.

Example

There was a brief musical interlude between the two acts of the play.

演劇の二つの幕の間に短い音楽の間奏がありました。

C1 noun ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si

inefficiency

非効率

Meaning

The state or quality of not achieving maximum productivity; failure to make the best use of time or resources.

Example

Government inefficiency leads to slow project completion.

政府の非効率性がプロジェクトの完了を遅らせる。

C1 noun /ˌɪm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/

Imposition

課税; 負担; 不公平な要求

Meaning

the action or process of imposing something or of being imposed; an unfair burden or demand

Example

The imposition of new taxes without consultation angered the citizens greatly.

相談なしに新しい税金が課され、市民は非常に怒りました。

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv/

Indecisive

優柔不断な

Meaning

unable to make decisions quickly; hesitant; wavering

Example

She was indecisive about which university to attend.

彼女はどの大学に入学すべきか決めかねていた。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtrɛpɪd/

intrepid

勇敢な

Meaning

fearless and adventurous, often used humorously

Example

The intrepid traveler explored the jungle alone.

その勇敢な旅行者は一人でジャングルを探検した。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɪstənt/

insistent

執拗な

Meaning

demanding something firmly and refusing to accept no

Example

The child was insistent on getting a new toy.

その子供は新しいおもちゃを手に入れることに執拗だった。

C1 noun (plural) /ˈɪndɪˌsiːz/

indices

インデックス

Meaning

plural form of index; statistical measures or reference points used for comparison

Example

Stock market indices fell sharply after the announcement.

発表後、株式市場のインデックスは急落しました。

C1 verb /ɪˈmɔːrtəlaɪz/

immortalize

不朽の

Meaning

to preserve the memory of someone or something forever

Example

The statue was built to immortalize the hero’s sacrifice.

その像は、英雄の犠牲を永遠にするために建てられました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməˌtɔːri/

inflammatory

幸せ

Meaning

causing inflammation in the body; arousing anger, hostility, or strong emotion

Example

His inflammatory speech triggered protests across the city.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せそうな表情を隠せなかった。

C1 verb /ˈaɪdəlaɪz/

idolize

偶像視する

Meaning

To admire or worship someone excessively.

Example

Fans often idolize celebrities for their talent and lifestyle.

ファンはしばしばその才能とライフスタイルのために有名人を偶像視します。

C1 verb /ɪnˈvɜːrt/

invert

逆さにする

Meaning

To turn something upside down or in the opposite position, order, or direction.

Example

He inverted the glass to let the water drain out.

彼は水が流れ出るようにグラスを逆さまにしました。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəl/

incidental

付随的

Meaning

happening as a minor part or in connection with something else

Example

Incidental expenses like snacks and tips were included in the bill.

スナックやチップのような付随的な費用は請求書に含まれていました。

C1 noun ˈɪn.fər.əns

inference

推論

Meaning

A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning; logical deduction.

Example

Scientists make inferences based on experimental data.

科学者たちは実験データに基づいて推論を行います。

C1 verb /ɪnˈdaɪt/

indict

起訴する

Meaning

to formally accuse someone of committing a serious crime

Example

The grand jury decided to indict the politician for corruption.

大陪審団は腐敗のために政治家を起訴することを決定した。

C1 verb /ɪmˈploʊd/

implode

内爆

Meaning

To collapse or burst inward violently.

Example

The old building imploded during the demolition.

古い建物は解体中に内向きに崩壊しました。

C1 noun /ɪnˈɛk.wɪ.ti/

inequity

不平等

Meaning

Lack of fairness or justice; unequal distribution or treatment.

Example

Social inequity continues to be a global issue.

社会的不平等は依然としてグローバルな問題です。

C1 adverb /ˈɪnwərdli/

inwardly

内面的に

Meaning

In the mind or spirit; not outwardly visible.

Example

She smiled outwardly but inwardly she was worried.

彼女は外見では微笑んだが、内心では心配していた。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈprɒbəbl/

improbable

あり得ない

Meaning

Not likely to be true or to happen.

Example

It seems improbable that he will arrive on time.

彼が時間通りに到着するのはあり得ないようだ。

C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛl/

impel

Meaning

to drive, force, or urge someone to do something

Example

Her curiosity impelled her to open the mysterious box.

C1 noun /ˌɪn.səˌbɔːr.dɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

insubordination

反抗

Meaning

Defiance of authority; refusal to obey orders.

Example

The soldier was punished for insubordination during the mission.

その兵士はミッション中の反抗で罰せられました。

C1 verb /ˌɪntəˈsɛkt/

intersect

交差する

Meaning

to cross or pass through each other

Example

The two roads intersect at the city center.

二つの道路は市内中心で交差する。

C1 verb /ɪɡˈnaɪt/

ignite

点火する

Meaning

To catch fire or cause to catch fire; to start or arouse.

Example

The sparks ignited the dry leaves in seconds.

火花が数秒で乾燥した葉に火をつけた。

C1 adjective ˈɪn.tər.ɪm

interim

暫定的

Meaning

In or for the intervening period; provisional or temporary.

Example

Interim governments manage transitional phases.

暫定政府は移行段階を管理します。

C1 adjective /ˌɪntərˈtwaɪnd/

intertwined

幸福

Meaning

closely connected or twisted together

Example

Their lives became deeply intertwined after the accident.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せませんでした。

C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səˈbɔːr.dɪ.nət/

insubordinate

命令不服従

Meaning

Defiant of authority; disobedient to orders.

Example

The insubordinate employee refused to follow the manager's instructions.

命令不服従の従業員は、マネージャーの指示に従うことを拒否した。

C1 noun /ɪnˈsek.tɪ.saɪd/

Insecticide

殺虫剤

Meaning

a substance used for killing insects; a chemical pesticide that targets insects

Example

The farmer sprayed insecticide on his crops to protect them from harmful bugs.

農夫は作物を有害な虫から守るために殺虫剤を噴霧しました。

C1 verb /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/

improvise

Meaning

To create or perform something spontaneously without preparation.

Example

The actor had to improvise his lines when he forgot the script.

C1 noun /ˌɪməˈtjʊərəti/

immaturity

未熟さ

Meaning

the state of not being fully developed emotionally, mentally, or physically; lack of maturity

Example

His immaturity made it difficult for him to handle responsibility.

彼の未熟さは責任を果たすことを難しくした。

C1 adjective /ɪˈneɪn/

inane

無意味な, 馬鹿な

Meaning

lacking sense, meaning, or significance; silly or pointless

Example

The movie was criticized for its inane dialogue.

その映画は無意味なセリフで批判された。

C1 noun /ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃən/

inclination

傾向

Meaning

A natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way.

Example

She has an inclination towards helping others.

彼女は他の人を助ける傾向があります。

C1 noun /ɪnˈtɛstɪn/

intestine

腸

Meaning

The part of the digestive system where food is digested and absorbed, extending from the stomach to the anus.

Example

The doctor explained how nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine.

医者は、小腸で栄養素がどのように吸収されるかを説明しました。

C1 verb /ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/

intimidate

Meaning

To frighten or overawe someone, especially to make them do what one wants.

Example

The bully tried to intimidate the smaller kids.

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrviəs/

impervious

透過しない

Meaning

Not allowing fluid to pass through; unable to be affected by something.

Example

The jacket is impervious to rain.

ジャケットは雨に透過しません。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnhɒˈspɪtəbl/

inhospitable

住みにくい

Meaning

Harsh and difficult to live in; unfriendly or unwelcoming to guests.

Example

The desert is an inhospitable environment for most plants.

砂漠はほとんどの植物にとって住みにくい環境です。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməbəl/

Inflammable

可燃; 発火性

Meaning

easily set on fire; flammable; combustible

Example

The inflammable material caught fire quickly.

その可燃性材料はすぐに火をつけました。

C1 adjective ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪk

intrinsic

内在的, 本質的, 自然な

Meaning

Belonging naturally; essential. Existing as a natural or basic part of something.

Example

Creativity is an intrinsic quality of a great artist.

創造性は偉大なアーティストの内在的な資質です。

C1 adjective ɪnɪɡˈzɔːstɪbəl

inexhaustible

尽きることのない

Meaning

Unable to be used up or worn out; limitless.

Example

His inexhaustible energy allowed him to work tirelessly on his projects.

彼の尽きることのないエネルギーは、彼がプロジェクトに休むことなく取り組むことを可能にしました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈfæləbl̩/

infallible

間違いない

Meaning

incapable of making mistakes or being wrong

Example

Her judgment seemed infallible in matters of finance.

彼女の判断は財務問題において間違いないように見えた。

C1 verb /ˈɪnsjuleɪt/

insulate

Meaning

To protect something by covering it, especially to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from escaping or entering.

Example

The house was insulated to reduce heating costs.

C1 noun /ˌɪnfɪˈdɛləti/

infidelity

不倫

Meaning

the act of being unfaithful to a spouse or partner

Example

Their marriage ended due to his infidelity.

彼らの結婚は彼の不倫が原因で終わった。

C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛfjʊtəbəl/

Irrefutable

反論できない

Meaning

impossible to deny or disprove; undeniable

Example

The evidence against him was irrefutable.

彼に対する証拠は否定できないものでした。

C1 noun /ˌɪməˈrælɪti/

immorality

不道徳

Meaning

the quality of being immoral; behavior that violates accepted moral standards

Example

The community condemned the immorality of the corrupt officials.

地域社会は腐敗した役人の不道徳を非難した。

C1 adjective ˌɪn.krəˈmen.təl

incremental

増分的

Meaning

Relating to or denoting an increase or addition, especially one of a series on a fixed scale; proceeding in small stages.

Example

Incremental changes ensure sustainability.

増分的な変化は持続可能性を確保します。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɪdiəs/

insidious

陰険な

Meaning

Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way but with harmful effects.

Example

The insidious spread of misinformation can damage trust.

誤った情報の陰険な広がりは信頼を傷つける可能性がある。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtənt/

incompetent

Meaning

Lacking the necessary ability or skills to do something successfully.

Example

He was fired because he was incompetent at his job.

C1 adjective ɪnˈdel.ə.bəl

indelible

消えない

Meaning

Making marks that cannot be removed; impossible to forget or remove.

Example

Her speech left an indelible mark on the audience.

彼女のスピーチは聴衆に消えない印象を残しました。

C1 noun /ˌɪnkwɪˈzɪʃən/

inquisition

尋問

Meaning

A prolonged and intense questioning or investigation, often harsh in nature.

Example

The journalist faced an inquisition from the panel about his sources.

ジャーナリストは、自分の情報源に関するパネルからの厳しい尋問に直面した。

C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

行き詰まり

Meaning

A situation where no progress is possible.

Example

The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.

交渉は行き詰まり、合意が遅れた。

C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səbˈstæn.ʃəl/

insubstantial

不十分な

Meaning

Lacking strength, substance, or solidity.

Example

The evidence provided was insubstantial and unconvincing.

提供された証拠は不十分で説得力がなかった。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/

instructive

教育的

Meaning

useful and informative; providing knowledge or instruction

Example

The lecture was highly instructive and engaging.

その講義は非常に教育的で魅力的でした。

C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːʃən/

insertion

挿入

Meaning

the action of inserting something into something else

Example

The insertion of the new data was completed successfully.

新しいデータの挿入は成功裏に完了しました。

C1 noun /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

indignation

憤慨

Meaning

Strong displeasure or anger caused by something unjust, offensive, or insulting.

Example

Public indignation grew after the unfair verdict.

不公平な判決の後で、公衆の憤慨が高まった。

C1 adjective /ˌɪntəˈrɑːɡətɪv/

interrogative

疑問の

Meaning

Relating to or conveying a question; in grammar, used to form questions.

Example

She raised an interrogative eyebrow when she heard the news.

彼女はそのニュースを聞いて疑問のまなざしを向けました。

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈfɛnsəbl̩/

indefensible

弁護できない

Meaning

not able to be protected or justified

Example

The minister’s remarks were considered indefensible by the public.

大臣の発言は公衆によって弁護できないとみなされました。

C1 adjective /ˈɪnsjələr/

insular

狭い心の、島に関連する

Meaning

Narrow-minded, isolated, or relating to an island.

Example

The community was criticized for its insular attitudes toward outsiders.

そのコミュニティは外部の人々に対する狭量な態度で批判されました。

C1 noun /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪtər/

instigator

扇動者

Meaning

A person who brings about or initiates something, usually something bad.

Example

The police identified him as the instigator of the violence.

警察は彼を暴力の扇動者として特定しました。

C1 adjective /ɪˈnænɪmət/

inanimate

無生物

Meaning

not alive, especially not in the manner of animals and humans; lifeless

Example

The museum was full of inanimate objects from ancient times.

博物館には古代の無生物がいっぱいだった。

C1 verb /ɪnˈkɑːrsəreɪt/

incarcerate

投獄する

Meaning

to imprison or confine someone

Example

The authorities incarcerated the criminal after the trial.

当局は裁判後に犯罪者を投獄しました。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpjʊər/

Impure

不純

Meaning

contaminated; not clean; mixed with foreign substances

Example

The impure water caused health problems in the village.

不純な水は村で健康問題を引き起こしました。

C1 noun /ɪnˈfjuːʒən/

infusion

注入

Meaning

the act of introducing something into another; a drink made by steeping leaves or herbs in liquid

Example

She prepared a calming infusion of chamomile tea.

彼女はカモミールティーの落ち着く注入を準備しました。

C1 noun /ɪnˌkɑːsəˈreɪʃən/

incarceration

投獄

Meaning

the state of being imprisoned or confined

Example

The criminal faced years of incarceration for his crimes.

犯人はその犯罪のために長年の投獄を受けた。

C1 verb /ɪmˈpɑːrt/

impart

伝える

Meaning

to make information known; to bestow or communicate

Example

The teacher imparted valuable knowledge to her students.

教師は生徒に貴重な知識を授けました。

C1 noun /ˈɪrɪtənt/

irritant

刺激物

Meaning

something that causes irritation or discomfort

Example

Dust is a common irritant for people with allergies.

ほこりはアレルギーを持つ人々にとって一般的な刺激物です。

C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜːrnoʊ/

inferno

火災

Meaning

a large, intense fire that is dangerously out of control

Example

The building turned into an inferno within minutes.

その建物は数分で火災に変わった。

C1 noun /ˈɪnˌmeɪt/

inmate

囚人

Meaning

a person confined to an institution such as a prison or hospital

Example

The prison has over a thousand inmates.

刑務所には千人以上の囚人がいます。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsɪdərət/

inconsiderate

思いやりがない

Meaning

Thoughtless; showing a lack of concern for others.

Example

It was inconsiderate of him to play loud music late at night.

夜遅くに大きな音で音楽を流すことは、思いやりがない行動でした。

C1 noun ˌɪrɪˈvɜːrsəbl ˈdæmɪdʒ

irreversible damage

取り返しのつかない損害

Meaning

Harm or injury that cannot be undone or repaired.

Example

Climate change causes irreversible damage to ecosystems.

気候変動は生態系に取り返しのつかない損害を与えます。

C1 noun /ˈɪnlɛt/

inlet

入り江

Meaning

A small arm of the sea, a lake, or a river; an opening or passage for entry.

Example

The boat entered a narrow inlet along the coast.

船は海岸沿いの狭い入り江に入った。

C1 adjective ɪˈluː.sər.i

illusory

幻の

Meaning

Based on illusion; not real although seeming to be.

Example

His sense of security was entirely illusory.

彼の安全感は完全に幻のものだった。

C1 noun /ɪnˈdɪf.ər.əns/

Indifference

無関心; 無関心さ; アパシー

Meaning

lack of interest, concern, or sympathy; the state of not caring about something

Example

His indifference to his studies resulted in poor grades throughout the semester.

彼の学業に対する無関心さが、学期中ずっと悪い成績をもたらした。

C1 noun ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs trəˈdɪʃənz

Indigenous Traditions

先住民の伝統

Meaning

Cultural practices, beliefs, and customs that have been passed down through generations among native peoples.

Example

Indigenous traditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts are unique.

チッタゴン丘陵地帯の先住民の伝統はユニークです。

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskriːt/

indiscreet

軽率

Meaning

Not careful in what one says or does, likely to reveal secrets or offend.

Example

It was indiscreet of him to mention the plan in public.

公衆の面前で計画について言及するのは軽率だった。

C1 adverb /ɪnˈvɜːrs.li/

Inversely

逆に; 反対に

Meaning

in a way that is opposite or contrary; in reverse order or manner

Example

The price of goods is inversely related to their availability in the market.

商品の価格は市場での入手可能性に逆に関連しています。

C1 verb /ɪnˈsɪnjueɪt/

insinuate

Meaning

To suggest or hint something indirectly and often unpleasantly.

Example

He insinuated that she had lied about her qualifications.

C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛrɪl/

imperil

危険にさらす

Meaning

To put in danger or at risk.

Example

Reckless driving can imperil the lives of others.

無謀な運転は他人の命を危険にさらす可能性があります。

C1 verb /ɪnˈvælɪdeɪt/

invalidate

無効にする

Meaning

To make something not valid or legally acceptable.

Example

The new evidence may invalidate the previous ruling.

新しい証拠が前の判決を無効にするかもしれません。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnsərˈmaʊntəbl/

insurmountable

克服不可能

Meaning

Too great to be overcome.

Example

The explorers faced insurmountable odds in the desert.

探検者たちは砂漠で克服不可能な障害に直面した。

C1 noun /ˈaɪsətəʊp/

isotope

同位体

Meaning

Atoms of the same element with equal number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Example

Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope used in dating fossils.

炭素-14は化石の年代を測定するために使用される放射性同位体です。

C1 verb /ɪmˈbɛd/

imbed

埋め込む

Meaning

To fix firmly or deeply in a surrounding mass.

Example

The journalist imbedded himself with the troops to report firsthand.

ジャーナリストは部隊に埋め込まれて、最前線から報告を行った。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnkəʊˈhɪərənt/

incoherent

一貫性のない

Meaning

Not clear or easy to understand; lacking logical connection.

Example

His explanation was so incoherent that nobody could follow it.

彼の説明はあまりにも一貫性がなく、誰もそれを追うことができませんでした。

C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtənt/

inadvertent

意図しない, 不注意な

Meaning

Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning; unintentional.

Example

Her inadvertent mistake caused a delay in the project.

彼女の不注意なミスがプロジェクトの遅延を引き起こしました。

C1 adjective ɪn ˈfleɪ.ʃə.ner.i

inflationary

インフレ的

Meaning

Characterized by or tending to cause monetary inflation; relating to rising prices.

Example

The government took measures to control inflationary pressures.

政府はインフレ圧力を制御するために措置を講じた。

C1 adjective /aɪˈdɪlɪk/

idyllic

田園詩のように美しい

Meaning

Like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque.

Example

They enjoyed an idyllic vacation by the sea.

彼らは海辺で田園詩のような休暇を楽しみました。

C1 adjective /ˈɪmpjəd(ə)nt/

impudent

無礼な、厚かましい

Meaning

not showing due respect for another person; rude

Example

The impudent child talked back to the teacher.

その無礼な子供は先生に逆らった。