B2 verb ɪmˈpoʊz

imposes

課す

Meaning

To establish or apply by authority; to force something unwelcome or unfamiliar to be accepted or put in place.

Example

Pollution imposes harmful effects on the environment.

汚染は環境に有害な影響を課します。

B2 adverb /ˌɪndəˈrɛktli/

indirectly

間接的に

Meaning

in a way that is not direct; through an intermediate means or influence

Example

The policy affected small businesses indirectly.

その政策は中小企業に間接的に影響した。

B2 noun /ɪnˈtɜː.prə.tər/

Interpreter

通訳者; 翻訳者;

Meaning

a person who translates orally from one language into another; someone who explains meaning

Example

The international conference hired professional interpreters to translate speeches in real time.

国際会議は、スピーチをリアルタイムで翻訳するためにプロの通訳者を雇いました。

B2 adjective /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

insignificant

重要でない

Meaning

Too small or unimportant to be worth considering.

Example

The cost was so insignificant that nobody noticed it.

そのコストは重要でなく、誰もそれに気づかなかった。

B2 noun /ɪmˈpɒlɪtnəs/

impoliteness

無礼さ

Meaning

lack of good manners or courtesy; rude behavior

Example

His impoliteness towards the guests shocked everyone.

彼の客に対する無礼さは皆を驚かせた。

B2 adjective aɪˈkɒnɪk

iconic

象徴的な

Meaning

Very famous or popular, especially being considered to represent particular opinions or a particular time.

Example

The line "It was the best of times..." is iconic.

"それは最良の時代だった…"というセリフは象徴的です。

B2 adjective /ɪˈmædʒ.ɪ.nər.i/

Imaginary

想像上の; 虚構の; 現実でない

Meaning

existing only in imagination; not real; fictional

Example

The child had an imaginary friend who she talked to every day.

その子は毎日話す想像上の友達がいました。

B2 adjective /aɪˈdentɪkəl/

Identical

同一の; 全く同じ

Meaning

exactly the same; not different in any way

Example

The twins look completely identical to each other.

双子は完全に同じに見えます。

B2 verb /ɪnˈhæbɪt/

inhabit

住む

Meaning

to live in; to occupy as a dwelling

Example

Many animals inhabit the forest.

多くの動物が森に住んでいます。

B2 noun /ˈɪntərfeɪs/

interface

インターフェイス

Meaning

a point where two systems, subjects, or organizations meet and interact

Example

The user interface is designed to be intuitive and user-friendly.

ユーザーインターフェイスは直感的で使いやすく設計されています。

B2 noun /ˈɪnˌsaɪt/

insight

洞察力

Meaning

The ability to understand the true nature of something; deep understanding.

Example

Her insight into human behavior made her a successful psychologist.

彼女の人間行動に対する洞察力は、彼女を成功した心理学者にした。

B2 verb ˈɪmplɪment

implement

実施する

Meaning

To put a decision or plan into effect; to execute or apply.

Example

Implementing educational policies is essential for progress.

教育政策を実施することは進歩にとって重要です。

B2 noun /ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/

inhabitant

住民

Meaning

a person or animal that lives in a particular place

Example

The inhabitants of the village rely on farming for their livelihood.

村の住民は生活のために農業に頼っています。

B2 noun /ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃən/

immigration

移民

Meaning

the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country

Example

Immigration policies vary from country to country.

移民政策は国によって異なります。

B2 adjective /ˌɪnəˈproʊpriət/

inappropriate

不適切

Meaning

not suitable or proper in the circumstances

Example

It was inappropriate to talk loudly in the library.

図書館で大声で話すのは不適切でした。

B2 adjective /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl/

institutional

制度的

Meaning

Relating to an organization or established practice.

Example

The government made several institutional reforms in education.

政府は教育においていくつかの制度的改革を実施しました。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈklaɪnd/

inclined

傾向がある

Meaning

having a tendency or disposition toward something

Example

He is inclined to help those in need.

彼は困っている人々を助ける傾向がある。

B2 adjective /ˌɪntəˈpɜːsənl/

interpersonal

対人

Meaning

Relating to relationships or communication between people.

Example

He has excellent interpersonal skills and gets along well with others.

彼は優れた対人スキルを持っており、他の人とうまくやっていきます。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈdɪf.ər.ənt/

indifferent

無関心

Meaning

having no particular interest or concern; not caring one way or another

Example

She was indifferent to the outcome of the match.

彼女は試合の結果に無関心だった。

B2 noun /ɪnˈspekʃən/

inspection

検査

Meaning

a careful examination of something, especially to check that it is correct or safe

Example

The building passed the safety inspection last week.

その建物は先週、安全検査に合格しました。

B2 adjective, noun /ˌɪn.təlˈɛk.tʃu.əl/

intellectual

知的な

Meaning

Relating to the intellect; a person who engages in critical thinking and study.

Example

She enjoys intellectual discussions about philosophy.

彼女は哲学についての知的な議論を楽しんでいます。

B2 verb /ɪnˈtriːɡ/

intrigue

魅了する

Meaning

to arouse curiosity or interest; to make someone fascinated

Example

The mystery novel will intrigue any reader.

ミステリー小説はすべての読者を魅了するでしょう。

B2 verb /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/

initiate

開始する

Meaning

to begin or start; to introduce someone to a new activity

Example

The company will initiate a new training program.

会社は新しい研修プログラムを開始します。

B2 adjective /ɪˈreɡjələr/

irregular

不規則な

Meaning

not even or consistent in shape, pattern, time, or behavior; not following normal rules

Example

His attendance at work has been irregular this month.

今月、彼の出勤は不規則だった。

B2 noun /ˈɪɡ.nər.əns/

Ignorance

無知

Meaning

lack of knowledge or information; the state of being uninformed about something

Example

His ignorance about basic computer skills made it difficult for him to find a job.

基本的なコンピュータースキルに関する彼の無知は、彼が仕事を見つけるのを難しくしました。

B2 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrfɪkt/

imperfect

不完全

Meaning

Not perfect; having faults or flaws.

Example

The painting was beautiful despite being imperfect.

その絵は美しかったが、完璧ではなかった。

B2 noun ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən

innovation

革新

Meaning

The action or process of innovating; a new method, idea, product, etc.

Example

Innovation drives solutions to global challenges.

革新は世界的な課題への解決策を促進します。

B2 noun /ɪnˈkluːʒən/

inclusion

インクルージョン

Meaning

the action or state of including or being included within a group or structure

Example

Diversity and inclusion are key values in modern workplaces.

多様性とインクルージョンは現代の職場における重要な価値観です。

B2 noun /ˈɪntərvəl/

interval

インターバル

Meaning

a period of time between two events or points; a pause or break in activity

Example

There was a short interval between the two performances.

二つの公演の間には短いインターバルがありました。

B2 adjective /ˈɪɡ.nər.ənt/

Ignorant

無知

Meaning

lacking knowledge or awareness; uninformed

Example

She was ignorant about the new technology trends.

彼女は新しい技術のトレンドについて無知でした。

B2 verb /ˈɪnəveɪt/

innovate

革新

Meaning

To introduce new methods, ideas, or products.

Example

The company must innovate to stay ahead of its competitors.

その企業は競争相手を追い越すために革新を続けなければならない。

B2 adjective /ˈɪn.tɪ.mət/

Intimate

親密な; 個人的な; 詳細な知識

Meaning

close in friendship; private and personal; detailed knowledge

Example

They have an intimate friendship that has lasted for decades.

彼らは何十年にもわたる親密な友情を持っています。

B2 noun ˌɪnɪˈkwɒlɪti

inequality

不平等

Meaning

Difference in size, degree, circumstances, etc.; lack of equality.

Example

The theme of inequality is prominent throughout the story.

不平等のテーマは物語全体にわたって顕著です。

B2 adjective ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡreɪ.tɪd

integrated

統合された

Meaning

Combining or coordinating separate elements so as to provide a harmonious, interrelated whole.

Example

Integrated systems optimize efficiency.

統合されたシステムは効率を最適化します。

B2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/

insufficient

不十分

Meaning

Not enough; inadequate.

Example

His explanation was insufficient to clear the confusion.

彼の説明は混乱を解消するには不十分でした。

B2 noun /ˈaɪ.dəl/

Idol

偶像; 崇拝される人物

Meaning

an image or representation of a god used as an object of worship; a person who is greatly admired

Example

The singer became a teenage idol after her hit song topped the charts worldwide.

その歌手はヒットソングが世界中のチャートで1位に達した後、ティーンエイジャーのアイドルとなった。

B2 noun ɪnˈdʒʌstɪs

injustice

不正義

Meaning

Lack of fairness or justice; the practice of being unjust or unfair.

Example

The story portrays the injustices faced by the common people.

物語は一般の人々が直面する不正義を描いています。

B2 adjective /ˈɪrɪteɪtɪd/

irritated

いらいらした

Meaning

feeling annoyed or impatient; having inflamed or sore physical condition

Example

She felt irritated by the constant noise outside her window.

窓の外の絶え間ない騒音に彼女はいらいらした。

B2 verb /ɪnˈheɪl/

inhale

吸う

Meaning

to breathe in; to draw air into the lungs

Example

Take a deep breath and inhale slowly.

深く息を吸い、ゆっくり吸い込みます。

B2 verb /ˈɪl.ə.streɪt/

illustrate

説明する

Meaning

to explain or make something clear by using examples, pictures, or comparisons

Example

The teacher used diagrams to illustrate the concept.

先生はその概念を説明するために図を使いました。

B2 verb ˈɪmplɪmentɪd

implemented

実施された

Meaning

Put a decision or plan into effect; carried out or executed.

Example

The master plans were partially implemented.

マスタープランは部分的に実施されました。

B2 adverb /ɪmˈpeɪʃəntli/

impatiently

いらいらして

Meaning

in a manner showing annoyance or restlessness due to delay or waiting

Example

She tapped her fingers impatiently while waiting for the reply.

彼女は返事を待ちながらいらいらして指を叩いていた。

B2 noun /ɪnˈfek.ʃən/

Infection

感染

Meaning

the process of infecting or the state of being infected; a disease caused by germs

Example

The doctor prescribed antibiotics to treat the bacterial infection in her throat.

医師は彼女の喉の細菌感染を治療するために抗生物質を処方しました。

B2 verb /ɪnˈfɛkt/

infect

感染させる

Meaning

To contaminate with a disease-causing organism.

Example

The virus can infect healthy people quickly.

ウイルスは健康な人々を迅速に感染させることができます。

B2 noun /ɪmˈpeɪʃəns/

impatience

忍耐力不足

Meaning

The state of being quickly irritated or unable to wait calmly.

Example

His impatience grew as the meeting dragged on.

会議が長引くにつれて、彼の忍耐力不足が増しました。

B2 adjective /ɪˈmætʃʊr/

Immature

未熟; 完全に発達していない; 子供っぽい

Meaning

not fully developed; lacking emotional or intellectual development; childish

Example

His immature behavior during the meeting disappointed everyone.

会議中の彼の未熟な行動は、皆を失望させました。

B2 noun /ˈɪnˌteɪk/

intake

摂取

Meaning

the process of taking something in, especially food or drink

Example

He monitored his daily intake of calories to maintain a healthy diet.

彼は健康的な食事を維持するために毎日のカロリー摂取量を監視しました。

B2 verb ɪnˈvɛst.ɪŋ

investing

投資

Meaning

The act of putting money into financial schemes, shares, property, or a commercial venture with the expectation of achieving a profit.

Example

Investing in stocks can generate long-term wealth.

株式投資は長期的な富を生むことができます。

B2 noun ˈɪnəveɪtɪv tuːlz

innovative tools

革新的なツール

Meaning

Creative devices or advanced technologies that introduce new methods or approaches to accomplish tasks.

Example

Teachers use innovative tools to enhance classroom learning.

教師は教室での学習を向上させるために革新的なツールを使用します。

B2 adjective ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs

indigenous

先住民の

Meaning

Originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.

Example

Indigenous plants are well adapted to the local environment.

先住民の植物は地元の環境にうまく適応しています。

B2 noun /ɪnˈveɪʒən/

invasion

侵略

Meaning

An instance of invading a country, region, or personal space with armed force or unwelcome presence.

Example

The army prepared for the possibility of an invasion.

軍隊は侵略の可能性に備えました。

B2 noun, verb /ˈɪnstɪˌtjuːt/

institute

インスティチュート

Meaning

as a noun, an organization founded for a specific purpose; as a verb, to establish or initiate

Example

The university decided to institute new rules for the library.

大学は図書館のために新しいルールを設立することを決定しました。

B2 adjective /ɪˈmjuːn/

immune

免疫の

Meaning

protected from disease or from the effects of something

Example

Children who are vaccinated are immune to many diseases.

予防接種を受けた子供たちは多くの病気に免疫があります。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈædɪkwət/

inadequate

不十分

Meaning

Not sufficient or good enough.

Example

The funding was inadequate to complete the project.

プロジェクトを完成させるには資金が不十分でした。

B2 adjective + noun aɪˈdiːəl ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt

ideal environment

理想的な環境

Meaning

Perfect or most suitable conditions for growth or development

Example

Winter creates an ideal environment for vegetable growth.

冬は野菜の成長に理想的な環境を作り出します。

B2 adjective /ˌɪn.trəˈdʌk.tər.i/

introductory

導入の

Meaning

Serving as an introduction; preliminary or preparatory.

Example

The professor gave an introductory lecture on economics.

教授は経済学についての導入の講義を行いました。

B2 verb /ɪnˈdjuːs/

induce

誘発する

Meaning

to cause or persuade someone to do something; to bring about a result

Example

The doctor induced sleep with a mild sedative.

医師は軽い鎮静剤で睡眠を引き起こしました。

B2 adjective /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/

implicit

暗黙の

Meaning

Suggested or understood without being directly stated.

Example

Her trust in him was implicit.

彼女の彼に対する信頼は暗黙のものでした。

B2 verb /ɪmˈplaɪ/

imply

暗示する

Meaning

To suggest something without directly stating it.

Example

Her tone seemed to imply that she was upset.

彼女の口調は、彼女が怒っていることを示唆しているようでした。

B2 noun ˌɪn.fləˈmeɪ.ʃən

inflammation

炎症

Meaning

A localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful.

Example

Chronic inflammation can lead to severe diseases.

慢性炎症は重篤な疾患を引き起こす可能性があります。

B2 noun /ɪnˈtɒlərəns/

intolerance

不寛容

Meaning

unwillingness to accept or endure beliefs, behaviors, or conditions different from one's own

Example

The leader was criticized for his intolerance toward other religions.

リーダーは他の宗教に対する不寛容さで批判されました。

B2 adjective /ɪˈlɪt.ər.ət/

Illiterate

識字障害者; 読み書きができない; 無知

Meaning

unable to read or write; lacking education

Example

The program aims to help illiterate adults learn to read and write.

このプログラムは、識字率の低い成人が読み書きを学ぶ手助けをすることを目的としています。

B2 noun ˌɪr.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən

irrigation

灌漑

Meaning

The artificial application of water to land or soil.

Example

Irrigation systems improve crop yields in dry regions.

灌漑システムは乾燥した地域で作物の収穫量を増加させます。

B2 noun /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/

infinity

無限

Meaning

A concept describing something without any limit or end.

Example

The universe seems to stretch into infinity.

宇宙は無限に広がっているように見える。

B2 adjective /ˈaɪsi/

Icy

氷のような; 非常に冷たい; 敵対的

Meaning

extremely cold; covered with ice; unfriendly or hostile

Example

The icy wind made everyone shiver.

氷のような風が皆を震えさせた。

B2 adjective /ˌɪnɪˈfɪʃənt/

Inefficient

非効率的

Meaning

not achieving maximum productivity; wasteful of time or resources

Example

The old computer system was inefficient and wasted a lot of time.

古いコンピュータシステムは非効率的で、多くの時間を無駄にしました。

B2 noun /ˈɪnfənt/

infant

乳児

Meaning

A very young child or baby.

Example

The infant was sleeping peacefully in the cradle.

乳児はゆりかごで静かに眠っていました。

B2 verb /ɪmˈprɪzən/

imprison

投獄する

Meaning

to put someone in prison; to confine or restrict someone's freedom

Example

The judge imprisoned the criminal for five years.

裁判官は犯罪者を5年間投獄しました。

B2 verb /ɪnˈkɔːrpəreɪt/

incorporate

組み込む

Meaning

to include something as part of a whole; to form a corporation

Example

The new design incorporates advanced technology.

新しいデザインは先進技術を組み込みます。

Meaning

to conclude or deduce something from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements

Example

From his silence, I inferred that he was not happy with the decision.

B2 noun /ɪˈluː.ʒən/

Illusion

幻想

Meaning

a thing that is or is likely to be wrongly perceived or interpreted; a false idea or belief

Example

The magician created a spectacular illusion that made the elephant appear to vanish.

魔術師は壮観な幻想を作り、象が消えるように見えました。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈfekʃəs/

infectious

感染性のある; 伝染する

Meaning

capable of causing infection or disease; spreading easily from one person to another; able to spread feelings or attitudes such as enthusiasm

Example

Her infectious laughter made everyone in the room smile.

彼女の感染力のある笑い声は皆を笑顔にした。

B2 verb /ˈɪr.ɪ.teɪt/

irritate

イライラさせる

Meaning

To make someone annoyed or angry; to cause discomfort or inflammation.

Example

Rubbing your eyes can irritate them.

目をこすると、それが刺激になることがあります。

B2 noun, verb /ɪntʃ/

inch

インチ / ゆっくり動く

Meaning

A unit of length equal to 2.54 centimeters; or to move slowly and carefully in small amounts.

Example

She inched closer to the edge of the stage.

彼女はステージの端にゆっくり近づいた。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈækjərət/

Inaccurate

不正確; 間違っている; 誤り

Meaning

not correct; containing errors; wrong

Example

The weather forecast was inaccurate yesterday.

昨日の天気予報は不正確でした。

B2 noun /ˈaɪrəni/

irony

皮肉

Meaning

a situation that is strange or amusing because it is the opposite of what is expected; the use of words to convey the opposite meaning

Example

The irony of the situation was that the winner forgot his own prize.

その状況の皮肉は、勝者が自分の賞を忘れたことでした。

B2 noun /ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊərɪti/

insecurity

不安感

Meaning

lack of confidence or assurance; a state of uncertainty or vulnerability

Example

Her insecurity made her doubt her abilities despite her experience.

彼女の不安感は彼女に自分の能力を疑わせた。

B2 noun /aɪˈdiː/

id

身分証明書

Meaning

identification; a document or number used to prove who someone is

Example

Please show your ID at the entrance.

入口で身分証明書を提示してください。

B2 adjective /ˈɪnˌsaɪtfəl/

insightful

洞察力のある

Meaning

Showing deep understanding or perceptiveness.

Example

The professor gave an insightful lecture on global economics.

教授はグローバル経済に関する洞察力のある講義を行いました。

B2 adjective, noun /ɪzˈreɪli/

israeli

イスラエルの

Meaning

relating to Israel or its people; a person from Israel

Example

She works for an Israeli company.

彼女はイスラエルの会社で働いています。

無能力な

Meaning

lacking the ability, skill, or capacity to do something

Example

He is incapable of understanding complex instructions.

彼は複雑な指示を理解できない。