C2 noun /ˌhoʊmə.dʒəˈniːəti/

homogeneity

Meaning

The quality or state of being all the same or all of the same kind.

Example

The cultural homogeneity of the village made it feel unified.

C1 noun /kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/

Compulsion

強迫; 強制;

Meaning

the action or state of forcing or being forced to do something; an irresistible urge to behave in a certain way

Example

He felt a strong compulsion to check his phone every few minutes.

彼は数分おきに電話を確認したいという強迫感を感じていた。

C2 adjective /dɪˈluːsɪv/

delusive

欺瞞的

Meaning

Giving a false or misleading impression; deceptive.

Example

His promises turned out to be delusive and untrustworthy.

彼の約束は欺瞞的で信頼できないことが証明されました。

A2 noun /ˈdrɔːɪŋ/

drawing

幸せ

Meaning

a picture or diagram made with a pencil, pen, or crayons rather than paint

Example

She showed me a drawing of her house.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せなかった。

C2 noun /traɪˈʌmvɪrət/

triumvirate

三頭政治

Meaning

A political regime ruled or dominated by three powerful individuals.

Example

The Roman Republic was once governed by a triumvirate.

ローマ共和政はかつて三頭政治によって統治されていました。

C1 noun /ˈæl.ɪ.moʊ.ni/

alimony

扶養費

Meaning

financial support that a person is ordered by a court to give to their spouse after separation or divorce

Example

He was ordered by the court to pay monthly alimony to his ex-wife.

裁判所は彼に元妻に毎月の扶養費を支払うよう命じた。

C2 verb /ɪnˈdɒktrɪˌneɪt/

indoctrinate

教義を押し付ける

Meaning

To teach someone to fully accept a set of beliefs or ideas without question.

Example

The regime tried to indoctrinate the youth with propaganda.

その政権は宣伝を通じて若者を洗脳しようとした。

B2 adjective /ˈtɛlɪŋ/

telling

重要な示唆

Meaning

Revealing something significant or giving important information.

Example

Her silence was more telling than words.

彼女の沈黙は言葉よりも重要だった。

C2 noun /ˈjoʊkəl/

yokel

田舎者

Meaning

An uneducated and unsophisticated person from the countryside; a bumpkin.

Example

The city folks laughed at the yokel's simple ways.

都会の人々は田舎者の簡単な方法を笑った。

A2 noun /ˈreɪl.weɪ/

Railway

鉄道

Meaning

a track made of steel rails along which trains run; a system of tracks with trains, stations, and other facilities

Example

The railway connects major cities across the country.

鉄道は国内の主要な都市を結んでいます。

C1 adjective /ˈtɪpsi/

tipsy

ほろ酔い

Meaning

slightly drunk

Example

She felt tipsy after just one glass of wine.

ワインを一杯飲んだ後、彼女は少し酔った気がした。

B2 noun /pɪt/

pit

穴

Meaning

a large hole in the ground or a hollow area

Example

The workers dug a deep pit to build the foundation.

労働者たちは基礎を作るために深い穴を掘った。

C1 adjective /ˈpɑːndərəs/

ponderous

重くて遅い

Meaning

slow and clumsy because of great weight; dull and labored

Example

The ponderous lecture made it hard for students to stay awake.

重くて遅い講義は学生たちが目を覚ましているのを難しくした。

B1 noun /ˈsʌp.ər/

Supper

晩ご飯

Meaning

an evening meal, typically a light or informal one

Example

We usually have supper around seven o'clock.

私たちは通常、七時ごろに晩ご飯を食べます。

C2 verb /əˈdʒʌdʒ/

adjudge

判決する

Meaning

to consider or declare officially in a legal or formal manner

Example

He was adjudged guilty by the court.

彼は裁判所によって有罪とされました。

B1 noun /ˈsɪtɪzən/

citizen

市民

Meaning

a legally recognized subject or national of a state

Example

Every citizen has the right to vote.

すべての市民は投票する権利を持っています。

C2 noun /pɪˈlɑːf/

Pillaw

ピラフ

Meaning

a dish of rice cooked in seasoned broth, often with meat and vegetables

Example

We enjoyed a delicious chicken pillaw for dinner.

私たちは夕食に美味しいチキンピラフを楽しみました。

B1 noun /ɪnˈdʒɔɪmənt/

enjoyment

楽しみ

Meaning

the state or process of taking pleasure or satisfaction in something

Example

She felt great enjoyment while reading her favorite book.

彼女はお気に入りの本を読んでいるとき、大きな楽しみを感じた。

B1 noun /ɪnˈθjuː.zi.æz.əm/

Enthusiasm

熱意; 情熱; 熱狂

Meaning

intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval

Example

Her enthusiasm for the project inspired the entire team.

彼女のプロジェクトへの熱意はチーム全体にインスピレーションを与えました。

C1 noun /ˈkæpɪˌlɛri/

capillary

毛細血管

Meaning

a very thin blood vessel that connects arteries and veins

Example

Oxygen passes from the blood into tissues through capillaries.

酸素は血液から組織に毛細血管を通って移動します。

C1 noun /ˈdrʌdʒəri/

drudgery

退屈で骨の折れる仕事

Meaning

Hard, menial, or dull work.

Example

She wanted to escape the drudgery of her daily routine.

彼女は日常の退屈なルーチンから抜け出したかった。

C2 verb /ˌsɜːrkəmˈnævɪɡeɪt/

circumnavigate

地球を一周する

Meaning

to travel all the way around something, especially the earth

Example

Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe.

マゼランは最初に地球を一周した人物です。

C2 verb /ɪnˈhjuːm/

inhume

埋葬する

Meaning

to bury a dead body in the ground

Example

They inhumed the warrior with full honors.

彼らは戦士を完全な名誉を持って埋葬しました。

C2 noun/verb /ˈsoʊdʒɜrn/

sojourn

一時的な滞在

Meaning

A temporary stay at a place; to stay temporarily

Example

She enjoyed a brief sojourn in Paris during the summer.

彼女は夏の間、パリで短期間の滞在を楽しんだ。

B2 verb /kənˈsoʊl/

console

慰める

Meaning

to comfort someone who is sad or disappointed; to provide solace

Example

She tried to console her friend after the loss.

彼女は失った後、友達を慰めようとしました。

B2 adjective ɪˈvɒlvɪŋ

evolving

進化する

Meaning

Developing gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form; changing and developing.

Example

Education plays a role in evolving societal norms.

教育は社会的規範の進化において役割を果たします。

B2 adjective /ˈwʌrisəm/

Worrisome

心配な; 面倒な

Meaning

causing anxiety or concern; troubling

Example

The student's declining grades were worrisome to his parents.

学生の成績が落ちていることは、親にとって心配でした。

A2 adjective /θɪn/

Thin

薄い; 細い

Meaning

having little thickness; not thick; slender

Example

She wore a thin jacket in the cold weather.

彼女は寒い天気で薄いジャケットを着ていました。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈluːbriəs/

insalubrious

不健康

Meaning

Unhealthy or not conducive to well-being.

Example

They moved out of the insalubrious neighborhood for the sake of their health.

彼らは健康のために不健康な地域から引っ越しました

A2 verb /voʊt/

vote

投票する

Meaning

to make a choice in an election; to express preference

Example

Citizens vote to choose their representatives.

市民は代表者を選ぶために投票します。

B2 verb /ˈnɒmɪneɪt/

nominate

ノミネートする

Meaning

to propose someone for a position or award

Example

The committee decided to nominate her for the award.

委員会は彼女を賞にノミネートすることに決めました。

C2 noun /ɪˈfjuːʒən/

effusion

流出

Meaning

An unrestrained outpouring of words, feelings, or emotions.

Example

His letter was an effusion of love and longing.

彼の手紙は愛と切望の流出でした。

B2 noun /ˌɑb.lɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/

Obligation

義務

Meaning

a duty or commitment; something that must be done legally or morally

Example

Parents have an obligation to care for their children.

親は子供の世話をする義務がある。

C2 adjective /roʊˈtʌnd/

rotund

丸い

Meaning

round or plump in shape; full in sound

Example

The rotund cat struggled to climb the fence.

丸い猫はフェンスを登るのに苦労していた。

C2 noun /ˈɡræn.tɔːr/

grantor

譲渡者

Meaning

A person or entity that makes a grant or transfers property or rights to another.

Example

The grantor transferred the property rights to the nonprofit organization.

譲渡者は、財産権を非営利団体に譲渡しました。

C2 noun /ˈpɑːrvənuː/

parvenu

新興富裕層

Meaning

A person who has recently gained wealth or influence but is not yet accepted socially.

Example

He was seen as a parvenu who lacked refinement despite his riches.

彼は、金持ちでありながら洗練されていないパルヴェヌとして見られていました。

B2 noun, verb /ˈrætəl/

rattle

ガタガタ鳴る；ガラガラ

Meaning

to make a rapid series of short, sharp sounds; a device or object that makes such a sound

Example

The loose window began to rattle in the strong wind.

強い風で緩んだ窓がガタガタ鳴り始めた。

B2 verb, noun, adjective /baʊnd/

bound

制限された / 縛られた

Meaning

To move with large strides or jumps; also refers to being tied, limited, or certain.

Example

The dog bounded across the field with joy.

犬は喜んでフィールドを跳ねました。

C1 noun /ˌɪnækˈtɪvɪti/

inactivity

不活動

Meaning

the state of not being active physically or mentally; lack of action

Example

Prolonged inactivity can negatively affect both physical and mental health.

長期間の不活動は身体的および精神的健康に悪影響を与えます。

C1 adjective /stɔːntʃ/

staunch

堅固な, 忠実な

Meaning

Loyal, committed, and firm in support.

Example

She is a staunch supporter of environmental protection.

彼女は環境保護の強固な支持者です。

C1 adjective /ˈɒptɪməm/

optimum

最適

Meaning

Most conducive to a favorable outcome; best.

Example

To achieve optimum results, we need to improve efficiency.

最適な結果を得るためには、効率を改善する必要があります。

C2 adjective /hɪk/

Hick

田舎者; 田舎の人

Meaning

unsophisticated person from a rural area; country bumpkin

Example

He had a hick accent from growing up in a small town.

彼は小さな町で育ったため、田舎者のアクセントがあった。

C2 noun ˈfaɪ.təʊˌnjuː.tri.ənt

phytonutrient

フィトニュートリエント

Meaning

Chemical compounds produced by plants that are beneficial to human health but not essential nutrients.

Example

Broccoli is rich in phytonutrients that enhance immunity.

ブロッコリーは免疫力を高めるフィトニュートリエントを豊富に含んでいます。

C2 verb /ˈmɔːrtɪfaɪ/

mortify

恥をかかせる

Meaning

to cause someone to feel great embarrassment or shame

Example

She was mortified when she tripped on stage.

彼女はステージでつまずいたとき、とても恥ずかしかった。

C1 verb /məˈtɪərɪəlaɪz/

materialize

実現する

Meaning

To become real or actual; to appear suddenly or in a physical form.

Example

The opportunity he had been waiting for finally materialized.

彼が待っていたチャンスはついに実現しました。

C1 noun ˌpriː.dɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən

predisposition

素因

Meaning

A natural tendency or inclination toward a particular behavior or condition.

Example

Genetic factors can influence a person's predisposition to diseases.

遺伝的要因は、病気に対する人の素因に影響を与える可能性があります。

B1 noun/verb /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/

fighting

戦い

Meaning

the act of engaging in a physical or verbal conflict

Example

The soldiers were fighting bravely on the battlefield.

兵士たちは戦場で勇敢に戦っていました。

B1 noun /ˈtreʒər/

Treasure

宝物

Meaning

a quantity of precious metals, gems, or other valuable objects; something of great worth or value

Example

The pirates buried their treasure on the island.

海賊たちは島に宝物を埋めました。

C2 adjective /ˈruːbɪkənd/

rubicund

健康的な赤みを帯びた顔

Meaning

Having a healthy reddish complexion.

Example

The old man’s rubicund face showed he was in good health.

その老人の赤みを帯びた顔は、彼が健康であることを示していた。

C1 adjective ˌhaɪ.pəˈθet.ɪ.kəl

hypothetical

仮定的, 想定的, 理論的

Meaning

Based on or serving as a hypothesis; supposed but not necessarily real or true.

Example

The discussion was based on hypothetical scenarios.

議論は仮定的なシナリオに基づいていました。

A1 verb /set/

set

設置する

Meaning

to put or place something in a position; to establish

Example

She set the book on the table.

彼女は本をテーブルに置いた。

A2 adjective, noun /tʃaɪˈniːz/

chinese

中国の

Meaning

relating to China, its people, or its language

Example

We went to a Chinese restaurant last night.

昨晩、私たちは中国のレストランに行きました。

C2 noun /ˌsɪləbɪˈkeɪʃən/

syllabication

音節分け

Meaning

The division of words into syllables.

Example

Proper syllabication helps in correct pronunciation.

適切な音節分けは正しい発音に役立ちます。

C2 adjective /ˈpæsɪbəl/

passible

感じることができる; 苦しみに対して敏感

Meaning

capable of feeling or suffering; susceptible to sensation or emotion (often theological)

Example

In some traditions, deities are described as passible, sharing human emotions.

いくつかの伝統では、神々は感じることができるとされ、人間の感情を共有している。

C2 noun /ˈɛpənɪm/

eponym

名前の由来となった人

Meaning

A person after whom a discovery, invention, place, or other thing is named.

Example

Sandwich is an eponym named after the Earl of Sandwich.

サンドイッチはサンドイッチ伯爵にちなんだエポニムです。

B2 noun /ˈledʒ.ənd/

Legend

伝説; 神話

Meaning

a traditional story sometimes popularly regarded as historical but unauthenticated; an extremely famous or notorious person

Example

The legend of King Arthur has inspired many books.

アーサー王の伝説は多くの本にインスピレーションを与えました。

B2 noun /ˈtreɪdmɑːrk/

trademark

商標

Meaning

a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company or product

Example

The company’s logo is its trademark.

その会社のロゴはその商標です。

B1 noun truː ˌɛdjuˈkeɪʃən

true education

真の教育

Meaning

Genuine learning that develops both mind and character.

Example

True education builds a noble and beautiful life.

真の教育は高貴で美しい人生を築きます。

C2 adjective /ˌɛl.ɪˈdʒaɪ.ək/

elegiac

エレジアック

Meaning

Expressing sorrow, often for something past; resembling an elegy.

Example

The novel ends on an elegiac note, mourning the lost era.

小説は失われた時代を悼むエレジアックな調子で終わる。

C2 noun /ɡæsˈtraɪtɪs/

gastritis

ガストリティス

Meaning

Inflammation of the lining of the stomach.

Example

The doctor diagnosed him with gastritis after his endoscopy.

医師は内視鏡検査後に彼にガストリティスと診断しました。

C1 verb /səˈlɪdəˌfaɪ/

solidify

強化する

Meaning

To make something firm, strong, or more certain.

Example

The company solidified its position in the market.

その会社は市場での位置を固めました。

A2 verb /diːl/

deal

幸せ

Meaning

to distribute or give out something; to handle or manage

Example

He had to deal with many problems at work.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

C1 adjective ˌdet.rɪˈmen.təl

detrimental

有害な

Meaning

Tending to cause harm; damaging or harmful.

Example

Pollution has detrimental effects on fertility.

汚染は生殖能力に有害な影響を与えます。

B2 noun /dɪsˈɡreɪs/

Disgrace

恥辱; 不名誉; 恥ずかしい

Meaning

loss of reputation or respect as the result of a dishonorable action; a shameful situation

Example

His arrest brought disgrace upon his entire family and reputation.

彼の逮捕は彼の家族全体と評判に恥辱をもたらした。

B2 noun /ˈtreɪ.tər/

Traitor

裏切り者

Meaning

a person who betrays someone or something, such as a friend, cause, or principle

Example

The spy was branded a traitor to his country after being caught.

スパイは捕まった後、国を裏切った者としてレッテルを貼られました。

C1 adjective /ˈsɛn.sər.i/

sensory

感覚的

Meaning

Related to the five human senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell).

Example

Sensory feedback enhances the VR experience.

感覚的フィードバックはVR体験を強化します。

C1 noun /ˈkrɛvɪs/

crevice

亀裂

Meaning

a narrow crack or opening, especially in a rock or wall

Example

The lizard hid in a crevice between the stones.

トカゲは石の間の亀裂に隠れていた。

C2 adjective /ɪkˈsɛpʃənəbl/

exceptionable

受け入れられない

Meaning

Open to objection; causing disapproval.

Example

His rude remarks were considered exceptionable by everyone present.

彼の無礼な発言は、出席していた全員にとって不適切だと見なされた。

B2 noun /ˈkaʊnsəlɪŋ/

counseling

カウンセリング

Meaning

professional guidance or therapy to help resolve personal or psychological problems

Example

She decided to go for counseling after feeling stressed for months.

数ヶ月間ストレスを感じた後、彼女はカウンセリングを受けることを決意しました。

C1 noun /ˈʌp.raɪt.nəs/

Uprightness

誠実; 正直

Meaning

the quality of being honest and morally correct; integrity

Example

His uprightness in business dealings earned him great respect.

彼のビジネスでの正直さは、彼に大きな尊敬をもたらした。

B2 noun /slɒt/

slot

スロット

Meaning

a narrow opening into which something fits or is placed

Example

Insert the card into the slot to open the door.

カードをスロットに挿入して、ドアを開けてください。

C2 noun /əbˈdʌktər/

abductor

誘拐犯

Meaning

a person who kidnaps or forcibly takes someone away

Example

The police arrested the abductor after a nationwide search.

警察は長い捜索の後で誘拐犯を逮捕した。

C1 verb /ɪˈkweɪt/

equate

等しい

Meaning

To consider as equal or equivalent.

Example

Many people equate wealth with success.

多くの人々は富と成功を同一視します。

C2 noun juːˈbɪkwɪti

ubiquity

遍在性

Meaning

The fact of appearing everywhere or of being very common.

Example

The ubiquity of smartphones has transformed communication.

スマートフォンの遍在性は、コミュニケーションを変革しました。

C1 adjective/adverb /ɡəˈlɔːr/

galore

豊富な

Meaning

In large amounts; abundant or plentiful.

Example

There were books galore in the old library.

古い図書館には豊富な本がありました。

B1 /ˈpæt.ən/

Pattern

模様 / パターン

Meaning

A repeated decorative design or a regular way in which something happens or is done.

Example

The dress had a beautiful floral pattern.

そのドレスには美しい花柄のパターンがありました。

B1 noun /twiːt/

Tweet

さえずり

Meaning

a short high-pitched sound made by a small bird; a post on Twitter

Example

I heard the sweet tweet of a sparrow this morning.

今朝、スズメの甘いツイートを聞きました。

B2 adjective /ˈfɔːrtʃənət/

fortunate

幸運な

Meaning

Having good luck or receiving something desirable by chance.

Example

She was fortunate to escape the accident without injuries.

彼女は事故で怪我をすることなく逃げることができて幸運だった。

C1 adjective /ˈpæl.ɪd/

Pallid

顔色が悪い、特に健康が悪いことによる；物質や活力が欠けている

Meaning

pale, especially because of poor health; lacking substance or vitality

Example

His pallid complexion showed signs of illness.

彼の顔色は病気の兆候を示していました。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈdɪf.ər.ənt/

indifferent

無関心

Meaning

having no particular interest or concern; not caring one way or another

Example

She was indifferent to the outcome of the match.

彼女は試合の結果に無関心だった。

C1 noun /mɔːs/

Moss

苔

Meaning

a small flowerless plant that grows in clumps in moist places

Example

Green moss covered the old stone wall.

緑の苔が古い石の壁を覆っていました。

C1 noun ˌprɒf.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

profitability

収益性

Meaning

The degree to which a business or activity yields profit or financial gain.

Example

Increasing sales and reducing costs boosted profitability.

販売の増加とコスト削減により収益性が向上しました。

C1 noun ˌɪn.fɪlˈtreɪ.ʃən

infiltration

浸透、秘密のアクセス

Meaning

The process of entering or gaining access to an organization or place surreptitiously.

Example

Cybersecurity prevents infiltration into sensitive data.

サイバーセキュリティは、機密データへの浸透を防ぎます。

B1 noun /ˌdɛfɪˈnɪʃən/

definition

定義

Meaning

a statement that explains the meaning of a word or concept

Example

The dictionary gives a clear definition of the word.

辞書はその言葉の明確な定義を示します。

A2 adverb /ˈker.fə.li/

Carefully

慎重に

Meaning

with great attention and caution; thoughtfully and attentively

Example

Please read the instructions carefully.

指示に慎重に従ってください。

B2 noun /səbˈmɪʃən/

submission

提出, 服従

Meaning

the act of yielding to authority or presenting something for consideration

Example

Her submission of the report was appreciated by the manager.

彼女の報告書の提出は、マネージャーに評価されました。

B2 adjective /ˈhjuː.mər.əs/

Humorous

ユーモアのある; 面白い; 笑いを引き起こす;

Meaning

funny; amusing; causing laughter;

Example

His humorous stories always make everyone laugh.

彼のユーモラスな話はいつも皆を笑わせる。

C2 noun /ˈsaʊər wʊd ˈæp.əl/

Sour wood apple

ゾウのリンゴ

Meaning

a tropical fruit with hard shell and tangy flesh; elephant apple

Example

The sour wood apple has a unique taste that many people enjoy.

ゾウのリンゴはユニークな味があり、多くの人々が楽しんでいます。

B1 noun /tʃiːk/

Cheek

頬; 横柄;

Meaning

either side of the face below the eye; impudent or disrespectful behavior

Example

The baby's rosy cheeks showed she was healthy and happy.

赤ちゃんのピンク色のほおが、健康で幸せであることを示していました。

C2 noun /ˌpæl.ənˈkiːn/

Palanquin

花嫁用の車

Meaning

a covered chair or bed carried on poles by bearers

Example

The bride was carried to the wedding ceremony in an ornate palanquin.

花嫁は装飾されたパランキンで結婚式に運ばれました。

C1 noun dəˌmɛstɪˈkeɪʃən

domestication

家畜化

Meaning

The process of taming an animal and keeping it as a pet or for farm produce.

Example

Domestication of animals has been crucial for human survival.

動物の家畜化は人間の生存にとって重要だった。

C2 noun /ˈvɪtəlz/

victuals

食料

Meaning

Food or provisions, especially for human consumption.

Example

The travelers packed enough victuals for their long journey.

旅行者たちは長い旅のために十分な食料を詰め込みました。

B2 adjective /æpt/

apt

適切な

Meaning

Appropriate or suitable; having a natural tendency or quick to learn.

Example

She is an apt student who quickly understands new concepts.

彼女は新しい概念をすぐに理解できる適切な学生です。

B1 noun ruːlz ənd ˌrɛɡjʊˈleɪʃənz

rules and regulations

規則と規定

Meaning

Official orders and laws that control how something is done.

Example

Rules and regulations alone cannot change attitudes.

規則と規定だけでは態度を変えることはできません。

B1 adjective /rɪˈpiː.tɪd/

Repeated

繰り返しの; 多くの回発生する

Meaning

done again; happening again; occurring multiple times

Example

He made repeated attempts to contact her.

彼は何度も彼女に連絡を試みました。

B2 verb /skreɪp/

scrape

擦る, 引っ掻く

Meaning

to remove or damage the surface of something by rubbing or scratching; to collect something by effort

Example

He scraped his knee while playing football.

彼はサッカーをしているときに膝を擦りむきました。

B1 adverb /ˈpraʊdli/

proudly

誇らしげに

Meaning

in a way that shows pride or satisfaction; with a sense of honor or achievement

Example

She proudly displayed her achievements to her family.

彼女は誇らしげに家族に自分の成果を見せた。

C1 noun /ˈmɔːr.nər/

Mourner

喪に服する人

Meaning

a person who attends a funeral or shows grief for someone who has died

Example

The mourners gathered at the cemetery to pay their respects.

喪に服する人々は墓地に集まり、敬意を表しました。

C1 adjective /ˈfrɛn.zid/

frenzied

狂乱

Meaning

Wildly excited or uncontrolled

Example

The frenzied crowd cheered as the band took the stage.

狂乱の群衆は、バンドがステージに上がると歓声を上げました。

B2 noun /ˌkɒnsərˈveɪʃən ˈmuːvmənt/

Conservation Movement

保護運動

Meaning

A political, environmental, and social movement that seeks to protect natural resources including plant and animal species as well as their habitat for the future.

Example

The conservation movement began in the 19th century to protect wildlife.

保護運動は19世紀に野生動物を保護するために始まりました。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈplɔːzəbl/

implausible

信じがたい

Meaning

Not seeming reasonable or probable; unlikely to be true.

Example

The story she told was so implausible that no one believed her.

彼女が話した話はあまりにも信じられないほどで、誰も彼女を信じなかった。

C1 adjective /ˈɑːrɡjuəbl/

arguable

議論の余地がある

Meaning

open to debate or discussion; not certain and capable of being argued for or against

Example

It is arguable that technology has improved our quality of life.

テクノロジーが私たちの生活の質を向上させたと言うのは議論の余地がある。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈkɛmpt/

unkempt

だらしない

Meaning

Having an untidy or disheveled appearance.

Example

He looked unkempt after sleeping outdoors all night.

彼は一晩外で寝た後、だらしなく見えた。

B2 noun /ˈkwɔː.tərz/

Quarters

宿舎; 兵舎; 軍の住宅

Meaning

living accommodation; lodgings; military housing

Example

The soldiers returned to their quarters after the training exercise.

兵士たちは訓練後、自分の宿舎に戻りました。

B2 noun /dwɔːrf/

dwarf

小人

Meaning

a person, animal, or plant much smaller than average

Example

Snow White lived with seven dwarfs.

白雪姫は7人の小人と一緒に暮らしていました。

B2 noun /dɪˈsper/

Despair

絶望

Meaning

the complete loss or absence of hope; a state of feeling hopeless

Example

After losing his job, he fell into despair and couldn't see any way forward.

仕事を失った後、彼は絶望し、前に進む方法が見えなかった。

C1 adjective /rɪˈpʌl.sɪv/

Repulsive

嫌悪感を引き起こす; 不快な; 嫌悪を引き起こす

Meaning

extremely unpleasant; causing strong dislike or disgust

Example

The smell of rotten eggs was absolutely repulsive.

腐った卵の匂いは完全に嫌悪感を引き起こしました。

B2 noun /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nɑːr/

seminar

セミナー

Meaning

A meeting for discussion or training, especially in an academic setting.

Example

The professor invited all students to attend the seminar on climate change.

教授はすべての学生を気候変動に関するセミナーに招待しました。

B1 adjective /ˈhɑːrmfəl/

Harmful

有害な

Meaning

causing or likely to cause harm; damaging

Example

Smoking is harmful to your health.

喫煙は健康に有害です。

B2 noun /ˈruːlɪŋ/

ruling

判決

Meaning

an official decision made by a judge or authority.

Example

The court’s ruling favored the defendant.

裁判所の判決は被告に有利でした。

C1 noun /səˈrɛn.ɪ.ti/

serenity

静けさ

Meaning

The state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.

Example

Meditation helps in achieving inner serenity.

瞑想は内面的な静けさを達成するのに役立ちます。

C2 verb /ˌsuːpərˈæn.ju.eɪt/

superannuate

年金付き退職

Meaning

to retire someone with a pension, usually due to age or long service

Example

The company decided to superannuate its senior employees after thirty years of service.

その会社は三十年の勤務後、上級社員を年金付き退職することに決めました。

C2 noun /ˈtrɪmnəs/

trimness

整頓

Meaning

the quality of being neat, orderly, or slender and well-proportioned

Example

Her room’s trimness reflected a habit of putting everything back in its place.

彼女の部屋の整頓は、すべてを元の場所に戻す習慣を反映していた。

A2 noun /ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi/

economy

経済

Meaning

The wealth and resources of a country or region.

Example

A stable economy is essential for national growth.

安定した経済は国家の成長に不可欠です。

B2 verb /kəmˈpraɪz/

comprise

構成する

Meaning

To consist of or be made up of something.

Example

The committee comprises five members.

委員会は五人のメンバーで構成されています。

B2 noun /ˈkɒmpoʊst/

compost

堆肥

Meaning

decayed organic matter used as fertilizer

Example

The gardener added compost to enrich the soil.

庭師は土壌を豊かにするために堆肥を追加しました。

C1 noun /ˈprɒvənəns/

provenance

出所

Meaning

The origin or source of something.

Example

The museum verified the provenance of the ancient manuscript.

博物館は古代の写本の出所を確認しました。

C1 noun /ˌtɒləˈreɪʃən/

toleration

寛容

Meaning

The practice of allowing something that one does not necessarily agree with.

Example

The government promoted religious toleration.

政府は宗教的寛容を促進した。

A2 noun /ˈfɪt.nəs/

fitness

フィットネス

Meaning

The condition of being physically fit and healthy, or the quality of being suitable to fulfill a particular role or task.

Example

Fitness tests ensure vehicle safety.

フィットネステストは車両の安全を確保します。

A1 conjunction /ɪf/

if

もし

Meaning

used to introduce a condition or supposition

Example

If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home.

もし明日雨が降ったら、私たちは家にいます。

C1 noun /ˈhɛrətɪk/

heretic

異端者

Meaning

a person who holds beliefs that go against established religious teachings or accepted beliefs.

Example

The church declared him a heretic for his radical ideas.

教会は彼の過激なアイデアのために彼を異端者と宣言した。