B2 noun /ˈdrɔː.bæk/

Drawback

欠点; 不利な点; 問題

Meaning

a feature that renders something less acceptable; a disadvantage or problem

Example

The main drawback of living in the city is the high cost of housing.

都市での生活の主な欠点は高い住宅費です。

B2 noun /dɪˈsɛnt/

descent

降下 / 祖先

Meaning

the action of moving downward, falling, or dropping; ancestry or origin

Example

The climbers began their descent from the mountain peak.

登山者は山頂から降下を始めました。

B2 adjective /ˈdespərət/

Desperate

絶望的

Meaning

reckless; extremely urgent; critical

Example

The situation became desperate as water supplies ran out.

水の供給が尽きたとき、状況は絶望的になった。

B2 noun /ˈdɛnɪmz/

denims

デニムのパンツ

Meaning

pants or clothes made from denim fabric, usually jeans

Example

He wore blue denims with a white shirt.

彼は白いシャツと青いデニムを履いていた。

B2 verb /dæʃ/

dash

Meaning

to move quickly and suddenly; to strike or break something violently

Example

She dashed across the street to catch the bus.

B2 adjective /ˈdred.fəl/

Dreadful

恐ろしい; 恐怖を引き起こす; 恐ろしい

Meaning

extremely bad or unpleasant; causing fear or suffering; terrible

Example

The weather was dreadful during our vacation.

私たちの休暇中、天気は恐ろしかった。

B2 noun /ˈdiːmən/

demon

悪魔

Meaning

an evil spirit or devil

Example

The story was about a demon who haunted the village.

その話は、村を恐怖に陥れたデーモンについてでした。

B2 verb /dɪˈtɜːr/

deter

Meaning

to discourage someone from doing something by instilling doubt or fear

Example

High fines are meant to deter people from breaking the law.

B2 verb /daɪ/

dye

染める

Meaning

to change the color of something using a chemical substance

Example

She will dye her hair blonde tomorrow.

彼女は明日髪を金髪に染める予定です。

B2 adjective /dɪˌveləpˈmentl/

developmental

発展的

Meaning

relating to the process of growth or progress

Example

Early childhood is a crucial developmental stage for learning.

幼児期は学習にとって重要な発展的段階です。

B2 noun/verb /dɪˈspjuːt/

dispute

争い, 論争

Meaning

a disagreement or argument about something important

Example

The two countries are in dispute over the border issue.

二国間で国境問題について争いが続いています。

B2 noun /dɪˈtɜːrdʒənt/

detergent

洗剤

Meaning

a substance used for cleaning, especially for washing clothes and dishes

Example

She bought a new brand of detergent for laundry.

彼女は洗濯のために新しいブランドの洗剤を買いました。

B2 noun /ˈdreɪ.nɪdʒ/

drainage

排水

Meaning

the system or process by which water or other liquids are drained away

Example

Poor drainage caused flooding in the neighborhood.

悪い排水システムが近所での洪水を引き起こしました。

B2 noun /ˈdoʊnər/

donor

ドナー

Meaning

A person who gives something, especially to a charity or cause.

Example

The donor contributed generously to the hospital’s new wing.

ドナーは病院の新しい翼に寛大に寄付しました。

B2 noun /ˈdeb.riː/

debris

破片

Meaning

Scattered pieces of waste or remains.

Example

Debris in the eyes causes irritation.

目に破片が入ると、刺激を引き起こします。

B2 noun /ˈdʌklɪŋ/

duckling

Meaning

a young duck

Example

The mother duck led her ducklings to the pond.

B2 noun /den/

Den

巣穴; 快適な部屋; 不法活動の場所

Meaning

a wild animal's lair or home; a small, comfortable room; a place for illegal activities

Example

The fox disappeared into its den when it sensed danger approaching.

キツネは危険が迫るのを感じて、巣穴に姿を消しました。

B2 adjective daɪˈvɜːs

diverse

多様な

Meaning

Showing a great deal of variety; very different.

Example

Diverse industries enhance economic resilience.

多様な産業が経済的な回復力を高める。

B2 noun /dɪˈstɪŋk.ʃən/

Distinction

卓越; 優秀; 名誉

Meaning

a difference or contrast between similar things; excellence that sets someone apart; honor or recognition

Example

She graduated with distinction, earning the highest honors in her class.

彼女は優秀な成績で卒業し、クラスで最も高い栄誉を得ました。

B2 noun dɪˈveləpɪŋ ˈriːdʒənz

developing regions

発展途上地域

Meaning

Areas or countries that are in the process of economic growth and development

Example

Pollution affects developing regions the most.

汚染は発展途上地域に最も影響を与えます。

B2 noun /ˈdæf.ə.dɪl/

Daffodil

スイセン

Meaning

A bright yellow spring flower with a trumpet-shaped center, symbolizing rebirth and new beginnings

Example

The daffodils bloomed early this spring in the meadow.

この春、スイセンは草原で早く咲きました。

B2 verb /dɪˈpraɪv/

deprive

Meaning

to take something away from someone, or prevent them from having it

Example

The new law may deprive people of their rights.

B2 verb /ˈdɪkteɪt/

dictate

口述する

Meaning

to say words aloud for someone to write down; to give orders

Example

The boss dictates letters to his secretary.

ボスは秘書に手紙を口述します。

B2 verb dɪsˈrʌpt

disrupt

破壊する

Meaning

To interrupt or disturb the normal progress or activity of something.

Example

Individual pursuits disrupt social harmony.

個々の追求は社会的調和を破壊します。

B2 adjective /ˈdɛntəl/

dental

歯科の

Meaning

relating to teeth or dentistry

Example

She goes for a dental checkup every six months.

彼女は6か月ごとに歯科検診を受けます。

B2 noun, verb /dɪˈfɔːlt/

default

デフォルト

Meaning

failure to fulfill an obligation, especially to repay a loan

Example

The company defaulted on its loan payments.

会社はローンの支払いでデフォルトしました。

B2 noun /dəˈmeɪn/

domain

領域

Meaning

An area of knowledge, activity, or territory over which control is exercised.

Example

Mathematics is her main domain of expertise.

数学は彼女の主な専門領域です。

B2 verb /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃieɪt/

differentiate

区別する

Meaning

To recognize or make a distinction between things.

Example

It is important to differentiate between fact and opinion.

事実と意見を区別することは重要です。

B2 noun /djuː/

Dew

露

Meaning

tiny drops of water that form on cool surfaces at night when atmospheric water vapour condenses

Example

The morning dew glistened on the grass.

朝露が草の上で輝いていました。

B2 noun /ˌdel.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/

delegation

代表団

Meaning

A group of people chosen to represent others in negotiations or discussions.

Example

The delegation presented their country's agenda.

代表団は自国の議題を提示しました。

B2 verb dɪˈspætʃt

dispatched

派遣された

Meaning

To send off to a destination or for a purpose.

Example

A team was dispatched quickly.

チームは迅速に派遣されました。

B2 verb /dʌmp/

dump

何かを無駄に捨てるまたは放置する

Meaning

to drop or dispose of something carelessly; to end a relationship suddenly

Example

He dumped all the trash into the bin.

彼はゴミをすべてゴミ箱に捨てた。

B2 adjective dɪsˈrʌp.tɪv

disruptive

破壊的な, 不安定にする

Meaning

Causing or tending to cause disruption.

Example

Deforestation has a disruptive effect on wildlife.

森林伐採は野生動物に破壊的な影響を与えます。

B2 noun /diːp ˈkʌlər/

Deep colour

深い色

Meaning

a rich, intense, or dark shade of any color

Example

The artist used deep colours to create a dramatic effect.

アーティストはドラマチックな効果を作り出すために深い色を使いました。

B2 noun /dɪsˈɡreɪs/

Disgrace

恥辱; 不名誉; 恥ずかしい

Meaning

loss of reputation or respect as the result of a dishonorable action; a shameful situation

Example

His arrest brought disgrace upon his entire family and reputation.

彼の逮捕は彼の家族全体と評判に恥辱をもたらした。

B2 noun /ˌdɛm.əˈɡræf.ɪks/

Demographics

人口統計学

Meaning

Statistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it.

Example

Demographics help in targeted advertising.

デモグラフィックスはターゲット広告に役立ちます。

B2 noun /ˌdiː.haɪˈdreɪʃən/

dehydration

脱水症

Meaning

A condition in which the body or tissue lacks adequate water content.

Example

Dehydration can lead to fatigue and confusion.

脱水は疲労と混乱を引き起こす可能性があります。

B2 verb /ˌdɪskəˈnɛkt/

disconnect

Meaning

to detach or separate from a connection or source

Example

Please disconnect the charger from the power outlet.

B2 verb /dɪˈsiːv/

deceive

騙す

Meaning

To cause someone to believe something that is not true.

Example

He tried to deceive his friends with a fake story.

彼は嘘の話で友達を騙そうとした。

B2 verb /dɪˈprɛs/

depress

落ち込ませる

Meaning

To make someone feel sad or without hope; to reduce the level or strength of something.

Example

The gloomy weather tends to depress people.

陰鬱な天気は人々を落ち込ませる傾向がある。

B2 adjective /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒd/

disadvantaged

恵まれない

Meaning

Lacking the basic resources or conditions needed for a good standard of living or equal opportunities.

Example

The program provides support to disadvantaged children.

そのプログラムは恵まれない子供たちに支援を提供しています。

B2 noun /dɪˈkeɪ/

Decay

腐敗; 分解; 老化

Meaning

the process of rotting or decomposing; gradual decline or deterioration

Example

The old building showed signs of decay after years of neglect.

その古い建物は長年の無視の後、腐敗の兆しを示していた。

B2 noun ˌdiː.fɒr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən

deforestation

森林伐採

Meaning

The action of clearing a wide area of trees; the permanent destruction of forests in order to make the land available for other uses.

Example

Deforestation accelerates the loss of biodiversity.

森林伐採は生物多様性の喪失を加速させます。

B2 verb dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt

deteriorate

悪化する

Meaning

To become progressively worse in quality, condition, or performance; to decline.

Example

Unplanned growth can deteriorate living conditions.

計画外の成長は生活環境を悪化させる可能性があります。

B2 noun /droʊn/

Drone

オス蜂

Meaning

a male bee that does not work and whose only function is to mate with the queen

Example

The drone bees do not collect honey like worker bees.

ドローンの蜂は働き蜂のように蜂蜜を集めません。

B2 noun /dɪsˈmeɪ/

Dismay

失望; 驚き

Meaning

concern and distress caused by something unexpected; consternation or alarm

Example

To our dismay, the concert was cancelled due to severe weather conditions.

私たちの失望の中、コンサートは悪天候のためキャンセルされました。

B2 noun /ˈdræɡ.ən.flaɪ/

Dragon-fly

トンボ

Meaning

a large insect with four transparent wings that lives near water

Example

The dragonfly hovered over the pond.

トンボは池の上を飛んでいた。

B2 noun /ˈdes.tə.ni/

Destiny

運命; 定め; 前定

Meaning

the events that will necessarily happen to someone in the future; fate or predetermined course

Example

She believed that meeting him was her destiny and meant to be.

彼女は彼に出会うことが運命だと信じていて、それは必ず起こることだと思っていた。

B2 noun daɪˈmen.ʃən

dimension

次元

Meaning

An aspect or feature of a situation, problem, or thing; a measurable extent.

Example

Renewable projects add a new dimension to urban planning.

再生可能エネルギープロジェクトは都市計画に新しい次元を加えます。

B2 adjective /dɪˈsɛptɪv/

deceptive

騙すような

Meaning

Giving an appearance or impression different from the truth; misleading.

Example

Appearances can be deceptive.

外見は騙すようなものかもしれません。

B2 verb /dɪsˈtɜːb/

disturb

邪魔する

Meaning

to interrupt or cause someone to stop what they are doing

Example

Please don’t disturb me while I’m studying.

勉強している間に私を邪魔しないでください。

B2 noun /dɛk/

deck

デッキ / プラットフォーム

Meaning

A flat surface or platform, often on a ship or building.

Example

We enjoyed the sunset from the upper deck of the ferry.

私たちはフェリーの上デッキから夕日を楽しみました。

B2 noun /ˌdɪsəˈpruːvəl/

disapproval

不賛成

Meaning

The expression of an unfavorable opinion or judgment

Example

Her parents showed clear disapproval of her decision to drop out of college.

彼女の両親は、大学を中退するという彼女の決定に明確な不賛成を示した。

B2 noun /dɪˈpləʊməsi/

diplomacy

Meaning

The profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations or handling affairs tactfully.

Example

Effective diplomacy helped avoid the conflict.

B2 noun /daɪˈnæmɪks/

dynamics

ダイナミクス

Meaning

the forces or properties that stimulate growth, development, or change within a system or process

Example

The dynamics of the team changed after the new manager joined.

新しいマネージャーが参加した後、チームのダイナミクスは変化しました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈvɔːrst/

divorced

離婚した

Meaning

No longer married because the marriage has been legally dissolved.

Example

She has been divorced for five years.

彼女は5年間離婚したままだ。

B2 verb, noun /dɑːrt/

dart

ダート/急に走る

Meaning

to move suddenly and quickly; a small pointed missile thrown at a target

Example

The cat darted across the street to avoid the car.

猫は車を避けるために急いで道路を横切りました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈskriːt/

discreet

慎重な

Meaning

careful and prudent in one's speech or actions, especially to keep something confidential or avoid embarrassment

Example

She was discreet about the details of their conversation.

彼女は彼らの会話の詳細について慎重でした。

B2 noun /ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃən/

distribution

配布

Meaning

the act of sharing or delivering something to multiple people or places

Example

The company manages the distribution of food supplies to rural areas.

その会社は農村地域への食品供給の配布を管理しています。

B2 verb /dwel/

dwell

住む

Meaning

to live in a place; to think about something for a long time

Example

They dwell in a small cottage by the lake.

彼らは湖の近くの小さな家に住んでいます。

B2 adjective daɪˈdʒes.tɪv

digestive

消化の

Meaning

Relating to the digestion of food.

Example

Digestive enzymes help break down food.

消化酵素は食べ物を分解するのを助けます。

B2 verb/noun /ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːrd/

disregard

軽蔑

Meaning

To ignore something; lack of consideration or respect for something.

Example

He disregarded the warning signs and kept driving.

彼は警告のサインを無視して運転し続けました。

B2 noun /ˈdiː.sən.si/

Decency

品位

Meaning

behavior that conforms to accepted standards of morality or respectability

Example

She had the decency to apologize for her mistake immediately.

彼女はすぐに自分の間違いを謝る品位を示しました。

B2 verb /dɪsˈmɪs/

dismiss

解雇する, 却下する

Meaning

to remove someone from a job or position; to decide something is not important

Example

The manager dismissed the employee for being late too often.

マネージャーは遅刻が多すぎるため、従業員を解雇しました。

B2 noun /dɪˈnaɪ.əl/

Denial

否認

Meaning

the action of declaring something to be untrue; refusal to acknowledge something

Example

His denial of involvement in the scandal was met with skepticism.

スキャンダルへの関与を否認した彼の姿勢は、疑念を持って受け止められました。

B2 noun /ˌdɪs.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Disability

障害

Meaning

a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities

Example

Despite his physical disability, he became a successful athlete in wheelchair racing.

身体的な障害にもかかわらず、彼は車椅子レースで成功したアスリートになりました。

B2 noun /dɪˈpen.dənt/

Dependent

依存している; 扶養されている

Meaning

a person who relies on another for financial support; someone who depends on others

Example

As a tax dependent, she could not file her own tax return separately.

税金の扶養控除対象者として、彼女は自分の税務申告を別々に提出することができませんでした。

B2 adjective /ˈdæz.lɪŋ/

Dazzling

眩しい; 印象的な

Meaning

extremely bright and impressive; brilliant and stunning

Example

The dazzling lights of the city amazed the tourists.

その都市の眩い光は観光客を驚かせました。

B2 adjective /ˈdjʊərəbəl/

Durable

耐久性がある; 強い; 頑丈な

Meaning

able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; lasting; strong

Example

This durable fabric will last for many years.

この耐久性のある生地は何年も持ちます。

B2 adjective /dɪˈpɛndəbl/

dependable

信頼できる

Meaning

able to be trusted or relied on; consistently reliable

Example

She is a dependable colleague who always meets deadlines.

彼女はいつも締め切りを守る信頼できる同僚です。

B2 noun /dɪˈsen.dənt/

Descendant

子孫

Meaning

a person who is descended from a particular ancestor; offspring of a later generation

Example

She discovered that she was a descendant of European royalty through genealogy research.

彼女は系譜研究を通じて、ヨーロッパの王族の子孫であることを発見しました。

B2 noun /dɪsˈɡaɪz/

Disguise

変装; 偽装

Meaning

a means of altering one's appearance to conceal one's identity; something that hides the truth

Example

The spy wore an elaborate disguise to avoid being recognized by enemies.

スパイは敵に認識されないように精巧な変装をしていた。

B2 noun /ˈdɛməˌkræt/

democrat

民主主義者

Meaning

a supporter of democracy or a member of the Democratic Party in the US

Example

He is a strong democrat who believes in equal rights.

彼は平等な権利を信じる強い民主主義者です。

B2 noun /dɪsˈɔːrdər/

disorder

障害

Meaning

A state of confusion or lack of order; also a medical or mental condition.

Example

The protest ended in disorder when the crowd became violent.

抗議は群衆が暴力的になったときに障害に終わった。

B2 noun /dɪˈstɜː.bəns/

Disturbance

騒乱; 邪魔; 不安

Meaning

the interruption of a settled and peaceful condition; anxiety or mental uneasiness

Example

The loud music created a disturbance that bothered all the neighbors.

大きな音楽は、すべての隣人を困らせた騒乱を引き起こしました。

B2 noun /dɪˈfɛndər/

defender

ディフェンダー

Meaning

a person who protects someone or something from harm or attack

Example

The defender blocked the shot and saved the goal.

ディフェンダーはシュートをブロックし、ゴールを守った。

B2 adjective /dɪˈvaɪn/

Divine

神聖な; 天上的な; 神のような; 神または神格に関連する

Meaning

heavenly; sacred; godlike; relating to God or a deity

Example

The divine beauty of the sunset took their breath away.

夕日の神聖な美しさは彼らの息を奪いました。

B2 adjective /ˈded.li/

Deadly

致命的な; 死亡の; 危険な

Meaning

causing or able to cause death; extremely dangerous; lethal

Example

The deadly poison killed the plant instantly.

致命的な毒はその植物を瞬時に殺しました。

B2 noun /ˈdaɪ.vər/

Diver

ダイバー

Meaning

a type of water bird that dives underwater to catch fish

Example

The diver disappeared beneath the surface to catch a fish.

ダイバーは魚を捕まえるために水面下に消えました。

B2 noun ˌdedɪˈkeɪʃn

dedication

献身

Meaning

The quality of being dedicated or committed to a task or purpose; devotion.

Example

His dedication laid the foundation of Indian science.

彼の献身はインディアの科学の基盤を築いた。

B2 noun /ˈdɔːr.mæt/

Door-mat

ドアマット

Meaning

a mat placed in front of a door for wiping feet

Example

Please wipe your feet on the door-mat before entering the house.

家に入る前にドアマットで足を拭いてください。

B2 adjective /dɛns/

dense

密な

Meaning

Closely compacted in substance; having parts crowded together.

Example

The forest was so dense that little sunlight reached the ground.

森はとても密で、ほとんど太陽の光が地面に届かなかった。

B2 adjective /dʌm/

Dumb

馬鹿; 無口; 愚か

Meaning

unable to speak; silent; lacking intelligence; stupid

Example

She remained dumb during the entire meeting.

彼女は会議の間ずっと黙っていた。

B2 noun /ˈdjuːəʊ/

duo

デュオ

Meaning

a pair of people or things, especially in music or entertainment

Example

The musical duo performed their latest hit at the concert.

その音楽デュオはコンサートで最新のヒットを演奏しました。

B2 noun /djʊˈreɪʃən/

duration

期間

Meaning

the length of time that something continues

Example

The meeting lasted for the duration of two hours.

会議は2時間の期間続きました。

B2 verb /ˈdɛdɪkeɪt/

dedicate

捧げる

Meaning

to devote time, effort, or oneself to a particular purpose or person

Example

She dedicated her life to helping the poor.

彼女は貧しい人々を助けるために自分の人生を捧げました。

B2 noun /dɪˈnɒmɪˌneɪtər/

denominator

分母

Meaning

the number below the line in a fraction; a common factor in a situation

Example

In the fraction 3/4, the number 4 is the denominator.

3/4の分数では、4は分母です。

B2 noun /ˈdraɪv.weɪ/

driveway

車道

Meaning

a short private road leading from a street to a house or garage

Example

The car was parked in the driveway next to the garden.

車は庭の隣の車道に停められていた。

B2 noun /ˈdɪɡ.nə.ti/

Dignity

尊厳, 名誉, 自尊

Meaning

the state of being worthy of honor or respect; composure and self-respect

Example

Despite facing hardships, she maintained her dignity throughout the ordeal.

困難に直面しても、彼女は試練を通して尊厳を保ち続けました。

B2 noun /dɪˈtɛkʃən/

detection

検出

Meaning

the action or process of identifying the presence of something

Example

The detection of fraud in the system was swift.

システム内での詐欺の検出は迅速でした。

B2 noun /dɪˈsper/

Despair

絶望

Meaning

the complete loss or absence of hope; a state of feeling hopeless

Example

After losing his job, he fell into despair and couldn't see any way forward.

仕事を失った後、彼は絶望し、前に進む方法が見えなかった。

B2 adjective /dɪˈfensɪv/

Defensive

防御的

Meaning

used or intended to defend or protect; showing a tendency to react in an angry or hurt way when criticized

Example

He became defensive when criticized about his work.

彼は自分の仕事を批判されると防御的になった。

B2 adjective /dɪˈsɛndənt/

descendent

下降する

Meaning

Moving downward; going down or descending.

Example

The river followed a descendent course toward the valley.

川は谷に向かって下降するコースをたどった。

B2 noun /depθ/

Depth

深さ; 深いまたは深遠な特質

Meaning

the distance from the top or surface to the bottom; the quality of being intense or profound

Example

The depth of the ocean in this area reaches over three thousand meters.

この地域の海の深さは3,000メートルを超えています。

B2 noun /dwɔːrf/

dwarf

小人

Meaning

a person, animal, or plant much smaller than average

Example

Snow White lived with seven dwarfs.

白雪姫は7人の小人と一緒に暮らしていました。

B2 noun daɪˈvɜːsɪti

diversity

多様性

Meaning

The state of being diverse; variety.

Example

Biodiversity promotes ecosystem stability and resilience.

生物多様性は生態系の安定性と回復力を促進します。

B2 adjective /ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ/

devastating

Meaning

causing severe shock, distress, or destruction; extremely damaging or upsetting

Example

The earthquake had a devastating effect on the city.

B2 verb /dɪˈspætʃ/

dispatch

送る

Meaning

to send off to a destination or for a purpose

Example

The company dispatched aid to the flood victims.

その会社は洪水の被害者に援助を発送しました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/

decisive

決定的

Meaning

Having the ability to make decisions quickly and effectively; determining the outcome.

Example

Her decisive action saved the company from collapse.

彼女の決定的な行動が会社を崩壊から救った。

B2 verb /draʊn/

drown

溺れる

Meaning

to die or cause to die by being submerged in and inhaling water

Example

He nearly drowned while swimming in the river.

彼は川で泳いでいるときにほぼ溺れそうになった。

B2 noun /dɪsˈpoʊzl/

disposal

廃棄

Meaning

the action or process of getting rid of something

Example

The disposal of waste is crucial for maintaining a clean environment.

廃棄物の処理は清潔な環境を維持するために重要です。

B2 noun /ˈdiː.fekt/

Defect

欠陥

Meaning

a shortcoming, imperfection, or lack; a fault or flaw in something

Example

The manufacturing defect caused the product to fail after only one week.

製造上の欠陥により、製品はわずか1週間で故障しました。

B2 noun /ˈdeɪ.tə briːtʃ/

data breach

データ漏洩

Meaning

Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information through security violation

Example

A data breach exposed millions of users' passwords.

データ漏洩により何百万人ものユーザーのパスワードが公開されました。

B2 noun /ˈdʌmi/

dummy

ダミー / バカな人

Meaning

a model or replica of a human used for practice, display, or testing; also a term for a foolish person

Example

The tailor used a dummy to display the dress.

仕立て屋はドレスを展示するためにダミーを使った。

B2 adjective /dɪˈprɛst/

depressed

落ち込んでいる

Meaning

Feeling very sad and without hope; in a state of unhappiness.

Example

She felt depressed after losing her job.

彼女は仕事を失った後、落ち込んでいました。

B2 verb /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/

dominate

支配する

Meaning

to have power or control over something or someone

Example

The company dominates the smartphone market.

その会社はスマートフォン市場を支配しています。

B2 noun/verb /dɪˈvɔːrs/

divorce

離婚

Meaning

the legal ending of a marriage; to officially end a marriage

Example

After years of conflict, they decided to get a divorce.

数年の対立の後、彼らは離婚することを決めました。

B2 noun /ˈder.ɪŋ/

Daring

大胆; 危険を冒す意欲

Meaning

adventurous courage; willingness to take risks

Example

The mountain climber's daring impressed everyone at the base camp.

山登りの冒険心は、ベースキャンプの皆に感動を与えました。

B2 noun/verb /dɪˈpɑːzɪt/

deposit

預金, 手付金

Meaning

to place money in a bank account, or a sum paid in advance as security; a layer of material left naturally

Example

She deposited $500 into her savings account.

彼女は貯金口座に500ドルを預けました。

B2 noun /ˈdɪdʒɪt/

digit

Meaning

a numeral from 0 to 9; also a finger or toe

Example

You must enter a four-digit code to unlock the phone.

B2 adjective /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/

Destructive

破壊的な

Meaning

causing damage; harmful

Example

The hurricane was highly destructive to coastal areas.

ハリケーンは沿岸地域に非常に破壊的でした。

B2 adjective /ˈdræs.tɪk/

Drastic

劇的な; 厳しい; 強い影響を与える

Meaning

extreme; severe; having a strong or far-reaching effect

Example

The company took drastic measures to reduce costs.

会社はコスト削減のために劇的な措置を取った。

B2 verb /ˌdɪsəˈpruːv/

disapprove

反対する

Meaning

to have a negative opinion about something; to consider something wrong or bad

Example

Many parents disapprove of smoking.

多くの親は喫煙を反対しています。

B2 noun ডিজিটাল ডিটক্স

digital detox

デジタルデトックス

Meaning

A period of time during which a person refrains from using electronic devices such as smartphones or computers, regarded as an opportunity to reduce stress or focus on social interaction in the physical world.

Example

A digital detox can help reduce hand fatigue.

デジタルデトックスは手の疲労を減らすのに役立ちます。

B2 adjective /daɪˈnæm.ɪk/

dynamic

ダイナミック

Meaning

Characterized by constant change, activity, or progress.

Example

Life flows in a dynamic stream.

人生はダイナミックな流れの中で流れています。

B2 noun /dɪˌskrɪm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Discrimination

差別; 不公平な扱い; 偏見

Meaning

the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people; recognition of difference

Example

The company was sued for racial discrimination in their hiring practices.

その企業は採用における人種差別で訴えられました。

B2 verb, noun /dɒn/

don

着る / リーダー

Meaning

to put on (an article of clothing); also used as a title for a respected person

Example

She donned her coat before leaving.

彼女は出かける前にコートを着た。

B2 noun /daɪˈmen.ʃənz/

dimensions

次元

Meaning

Aspects or features of a situation, problem, or thing.

Example

New dimensions of space exploration are being uncovered.

宇宙探査の新しい次元が明らかになっています。

B2 verb /dɪˈskrɪmɪˌneɪt/

discriminate

Meaning

To treat someone unfairly based on race, gender, or other differences; or to recognize a distinction.

Example

The law prohibits employers from discriminating against women.

B2 noun /daɪm/

dime

10セント硬貨

Meaning

a small coin, especially a U.S. coin worth ten cents

Example

He gave me a dime for the phone call.

電話のためにダイムを一枚くれました。

B2 noun /ˌdɒkjʊmɛnˈteɪʃən/

documentation

ドキュメンテーション

Meaning

material that provides official information or evidence

Example

The documentation for the project is available for review.

プロジェクトのドキュメンテーションはレビューのために利用可能です。