C1 noun /kənˈdəʊləns/

condolence

お悔やみ

Meaning

An expression of sympathy, especially on the occasion of death.

Example

She offered her sincere condolence to the grieving family.

彼女は悲しみに沈んでいる家族に心からのお悔やみを伝えました。

C1 adjective /kəmˈplaɪənt/

compliant

従順

Meaning

Willing to agree with or follow rules, requests, or demands.

Example

She was compliant with all the safety requirements.

彼女はすべての安全要件に従いました。

C1 adjective + noun kəˈmendəbəl ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

commendable initiatives

称賛に値する取り組み

Meaning

Praiseworthy efforts or actions that deserve admiration and approval.

Example

The commendable initiatives aim to raise awareness.

その賞賛に値するイニシアチブは、認識を高めることを目指しています。

C1 noun /ˈkælkjʊləs/

calculus

微積分

Meaning

A branch of mathematics concerned with rates of change and accumulation; also a hard mineral deposit in the body such as on teeth.

Example

Calculus is essential for advanced studies in physics and engineering.

微積分は物理学と工学の高度な研究に不可欠です。

C1 noun kəmˈpleɪ.sən.si

complacency

自己満足

Meaning

Excessive self-satisfaction with one's achievements that can hinder progress.

Example

His complacency led to a decline in his performance.

彼の自己満足は彼のパフォーマンスの低下を招いた。

C1 noun kənˈvɜː.dʒəns

convergence

収束

Meaning

The process of coming together from different directions to meet at a common point; unification or integration.

Example

The convergence of technologies is revolutionizing industries.

技術の収束が産業を革命的に変革しています。

C1 verb /ˈkrʌmpəl/

crumple

くしゃくしゃにする

Meaning

to crush something into folds or wrinkles

Example

He crumpled the paper and threw it in the bin.

彼は紙をくしゃくしゃにしてゴミ箱に投げ入れました。

C1 noun /kɔːrs flaʊər/

Course flour

粗挽き小麦粉

Meaning

coarsely ground flour with larger particles, typically used for baking bread

Example

She used course flour to make homemade bread with a rustic texture.

彼女は手作りのパンを作るために、素朴な質感を持つコースフラワーを使用しました。

C1 noun kənˈsjuː.mə.rɪ.zəm

consumerism

消費主義

Meaning

The tendency to increase consumption of goods and the importance given to consuming products.

Example

Modern consumerism leads to increased demand for luxury goods.

現代の消費主義は高級品の需要の増加を引き起こします。

C1 noun /kənˈfɛdərəsi/

confederacy

連邦

Meaning

a group of states, people, or organizations united for a common purpose

Example

The southern states formed a confederacy during the civil war.

南部の州は南北戦争中に連邦を結成しました。

C1 noun /ˈkæpɪˌlɛri/

capillary

毛細血管

Meaning

a very thin blood vessel that connects arteries and veins

Example

Oxygen passes from the blood into tissues through capillaries.

酸素は血液から組織に毛細血管を通って移動します。

C1 adjective ˌkaʊntəprəˈdʌktɪv

counterproductive

逆効果

Meaning

Having the opposite of the desired effect; tending to hinder rather than help.

Example

Counterproductive activities often stem from dissatisfaction.

反生産的な活動は、不満から生じることが多いです。

C1 verb, noun /klɑːɡ/

clog

詰まる / 木靴

Meaning

to block or become blocked; a type of heavy wooden shoe

Example

The sink was clogged with food waste.

シンクは食べ物のゴミで詰まっていました。

C1 adverb /ˌkɒnfɪˈdenʃəli/

Confidentially

機密に

Meaning

in a confidential manner; secretly; privately

Example

The information was shared confidentially between the two managers.

その情報は2人のマネージャーの間で機密に共有されました。

C1 noun /kræɡ/

crag

急な崖や岩の面

Meaning

a steep or rugged cliff or rock face

Example

The hikers climbed the jagged crag to reach the summit.

ハイカーたちは頂上に到達するために険しい崖を登った。

C1 adjective /ˈkɔː.zəl/

causal

因果的

Meaning

relating to or acting as a cause

Example

There is a causal link between smoking and cancer.

喫煙と癌との間には因果関係があります。

C1 adjective /ˈkælkjʊleɪtɪŋ/

calculating

計算高い

Meaning

acting in a scheming and ruthlessly determined way

Example

He had a cold and calculating approach to business.

彼はビジネスに冷徹で計算高いアプローチを持っていた。

C1 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈækt/

counteract

反作用

Meaning

to act against something in order to reduce its effect

Example

The medicine helps counteract the side effects of the treatment.

その薬は治療の副作用をカウンターアクトするのに役立ちます。

C1 noun /kliːˈʃeɪ/

cliche

決まり文句

Meaning

An overused expression or idea that has lost its originality or impact.

Example

The speech was filled with old clichés that failed to inspire the audience.

そのスピーチは古い決まり文句でいっぱいで、聴衆を感動させることができませんでした。

C1 noun kəˈrəʊ.ʒən

corrosion

腐食

Meaning

The gradual destruction of materials by chemical or electrochemical reaction, especially of metals by oxidation.

Example

Corrosion in pipes leads to leakage.

パイプ内の腐食は漏れの原因となります。

C1 adjective /ˈkɔːʃənˌɛri/

cautionary

警告的な

Meaning

serving as a warning; intended to prevent problems or mistakes by giving advice or examples

Example

The report offers a cautionary message about unchecked spending.

その報告書は無計画な支出について警告的なメッセージを示している。

C1 noun /ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃən/

conflagaration

綴り間違い（'conflagration'の）

Meaning

This is a common misspelling of 'conflagration', which means a large, destructive fire.

Example

The term 'conflagaration' is often incorrectly used instead of 'conflagration'.

'Conflagaration'という言葉は、しばしば'conflagration'の代わりに誤って使われます。

C1 noun/adjective /klɛft/

cleft

ひび

Meaning

a split or crack; a space or opening made by cleavage

Example

The goat disappeared into a cleft in the rocks.

ヤギは岩のひびに消えました。

C1 noun /kənˈteɪdʒən/

contagion

感染

Meaning

The communication of disease from one person to another by close contact; also the spread of harmful ideas or behaviors.

Example

Fear spread like a contagion through the crowd.

恐怖は群衆の中で感染のように広がった。

C1 adjective kəʊˈhiː.sɪv

cohesive

結束力のある

Meaning

Characterized by or causing cohesion; forming a united whole.

Example

The team displayed a cohesive strategy.

チームは一体感のある戦略を示しました。

C1 adjective /ˈkrɪm.zən/

Crimson

深紅

Meaning

a deep purplish-red color

Example

The crimson sunset painted the sky with beautiful shades.

深紅の夕日が美しい色合いで空を染めました。

C1 verb /ˈkrɪstəlaɪz/

crystallize

結晶化する

Meaning

to form crystals; to make an idea or plan clear and definite

Example

Her vague thoughts began to crystallize into a solid plan.

彼女のあいまいな考えは、明確な計画に結晶化し始めた。

C1 noun /ˈkleɪmənt/

claimant

請求者

Meaning

a person who makes a claim, especially in a legal or financial context

Example

The claimant filed for compensation after the accident.

事故後、請求者は補償を申し立てました。

C1 noun /ˈkɒb.lər/

Cobbler

靴屋

Meaning

a person who repairs shoes and other leather goods

Example

The cobbler fixed my broken shoes perfectly.

靴屋は私の壊れた靴を完璧に修理しました。

C1 adjective kəˈlɒs.əl

Colossal

巨大な

Meaning

Extremely large, gigantic, enormous in size or extent.

Example

The colossal pyramids of Egypt are a marvel of architecture.

エジプトの巨大なピラミッドは建築の奇跡です。

C1 noun /kənˈsɜːvəˌtɪzəm/

conservatism

保守主義

Meaning

A political or social philosophy promoting traditional institutions and resistance to change.

Example

Conservatism values tradition and gradual development.

保守主義は伝統と徐々に進行する発展を重視します。

C1 noun /kəmˈpəʊ.ʒər/

composure

冷静と自己管理の状態

Meaning

The state or feeling of being calm and in control of oneself.

Example

She maintained her composure during the interview.

彼女はインタビュー中に冷静さを保ちました。

C1 noun /ˈsɪ.nɪk/

Cynic

皮肉屋; 疑い深い人

Meaning

a person who believes that people are motivated purely by self-interest; someone who is skeptical about human nature

Example

The old cynic believed that politicians only cared about getting votes.

その古い皮肉屋は政治家がただ票を得ることにしか関心がないと信じていた。

C1 verb koʊˈɜrs

coerce

強制する

Meaning

To force someone to do something against their will using threats or intimidation.

Example

The manager tried to coerce the employees into working overtime.

マネージャーは従業員を強制的に残業させようとしました。

C1 verb কনডেন্স

condense

凝縮する

Meaning

To change from gas to liquid form; to become denser.

Example

Water vapor condenses into raindrops.

水蒸気は雨滴に凝縮します。

C1 noun /ˈkæptər/

captor

捕虜監視者

Meaning

a person or group who has captured someone or something

Example

The hostage managed to escape from his captors.

人質はその捕虜監視者から逃げることができました。

C1 noun /krʌst/

crust

外皮

Meaning

the hard outer surface of something, especially bread or the Earth's outer layer

Example

He cut off the crust of the bread before eating.

彼は食べる前にパンの外皮を切り取った。

C1 noun/adjective /kənˈfɛdərət/

confederate

連邦軍

Meaning

a person, group, or state joined in an alliance or union; relating to a confederacy

Example

The confederate soldiers fought bravely in the war.

連邦軍の兵士たちは戦争で勇敢に戦った。

C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrmɪst/

conformist

コンフォーミスト

Meaning

A person who uncritically conforms to established practices or standards.

Example

She was labeled a conformist for always following the crowd.

彼女はいつも人々に従っていたため、コンフォーミストとレッテルを貼られた。

C1 verb /ˈkɒnsɪkreɪt/

consecrate

奉献する

Meaning

to make something sacred, usually through a religious ceremony

Example

The church was consecrated by the bishop.

教会は司教によって奉献されました。

C1 verb /ˈsenʃər/

censure

非難する, 厳しく批判する

Meaning

to criticize severely; to express strong disapproval

Example

The committee censured the politician for his misconduct.

委員会は彼の不正行為に対して政治家を非難しました。

C1 noun /kəmˈprɛʃn̩/

compression

圧縮

Meaning

The act of pressing or squeezing something into a smaller space.

Example

File compression helps reduce storage requirements.

ファイル圧縮はストレージ要件を削減するのに役立ちます。

C1 noun /kənˈkʌrəns/

concurrence

一致

Meaning

Agreement or union in action, opinion, or occurrence; simultaneous happening of events.

Example

The project was completed with the concurrence of all departments.

そのプロジェクトはすべての部門の同意のもとで完了しました。

C1 noun /ˈkændɪdnəs/

candidness

率直

Meaning

The quality of being open, honest, and straightforward

Example

Her candidness during the meeting impressed everyone.

会議中の彼女の率直さは皆に感銘を与えました。

C1 noun /ˈkʌn.stə.bəl/

constable

巡査

Meaning

a police officer of the lowest rank

Example

The constable directed traffic at the busy intersection.

巡査は混雑した交差点で交通を指導しました。

C1 verb ˌkəʊ.əˈles

coalesce

統合する

Meaning

Come together and form one mass or whole; unite to form one organization or group.

Example

The different theories coalesced into one unified idea.

異なる理論が一つの統一されたアイデアに統合されました。

C1 noun /ˈsɪstərn/

cistern

貯水槽

Meaning

A tank or container for storing water, usually for household use.

Example

The old house still had a cistern to collect rainwater.

古い家にはまだ雨水を集めるための貯水槽がありました。

C1 verb /klɪntʃ/

clinch

Meaning

To secure or settle something decisively; to grasp tightly.

Example

The team clinched the championship with a last-minute goal.

C1 noun /kɑːɡ/

cog

車輪や歯車の歯

Meaning

A tooth on the rim of a wheel or gear; metaphorically, a minor but necessary part of a larger system.

Example

He felt like just a small cog in a big machine.

彼は大きな機械の中で小さな歯車のように感じていた。

C1 adjective /kənˈdjuː.sɪv/

conducive

有益な

Meaning

Making a certain situation or outcome likely or possible; contributing to or helping to bring about.

Example

A quiet environment is conducive to studying.

静かな環境は勉強に有益です。

C1 adjective /ˈkɔːrəl/

choral

合唱に関連する

Meaning

Relating to, written for, or performed by a choir or chorus.

Example

The church hosted a choral performance on Sunday.

教会は日曜日に合唱のパフォーマンスを開催しました。

C1 noun /kənˈtɪn.dʒən.si/

contingency

緊急計画

Meaning

A provision for an unforeseen event or circumstance, especially in financial planning.

Example

The company has a contingency plan for economic downturns.

会社は経済的な後退に備えた緊急計画を持っています。

C1 noun kəˈlɛktɪvɪzəm

collectivism

集団主義

Meaning

The practice or principle of giving a group priority over each individual in it.

Example

Collectivism emphasizes the importance of group over individual interests.

集団主義は、個人の利益よりもグループの利益を重視します。

C1 noun /kənˈstɪtʃuənsi/

constituency

選挙区

Meaning

A geographical area whose residents elect a representative to a legislative body.

Example

She campaigned tirelessly across her constituency.

彼女は選挙区で疲れ知らずに選挙運動を行いました。

C1 adjective /klæd/

clad

服を着た / 覆われた

Meaning

dressed or covered in a particular way

Example

The knight was clad in shining armor.

騎士は輝く鎧を着ていた。

C1 adverb /ˈkrɒswaɪz/

Crosswise

交差方向

Meaning

in the form of a cross; diagonally across

Example

Place the logs crosswise to build a stable fire.

安定した火を作るために丸太を交差方向に置いてください。

C1 noun ˌkʌl.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən

culmination

クルミネーション. 何かの最高潮、特に長い時間を経て達成されたもの。

Meaning

The highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time.

Example

The project reached its culmination after years of effort.

プロジェクトは長年の努力の末、最高潮に達しました。

C1 adjective /kənˈdʒiːniəl/

congenial

親しみやすい

Meaning

pleasant and friendly because of having similar interests or qualities

Example

They found the café a congenial place to meet and talk.

彼らはそのカフェを、会って話すのに適した親しみやすい場所だと感じました。

C1 adjective /ˈkɒn.ɪ.fər.əs/

coniferous

針葉樹に関連する

Meaning

Relating to cone-bearing trees that usually have needle-like leaves and remain green year-round.

Example

Pine trees are coniferous and grow in colder climates.

松の木は針葉樹で、寒冷な気候で育ちます。

C1 adjective, verb, noun /ˈkaʊntərfɪt/

counterfeit

偽造

Meaning

made to look like something genuine in order to deceive

Example

The police seized a batch of counterfeit currency.

警察は偽札の一群を押収しました。

C1 noun /ˈkɒnstənsi/

constancy

不変/忠実

Meaning

the quality of being faithful and dependable

Example

Her constancy in friendship is admirable.

彼女の友情での忠実さは賞賛に値します。

C1 noun /ˌkɒmpɪˈleɪʃən/

compilation

コンピレーション

Meaning

a collection of things, especially pieces of writing or music, gathered together

Example

The book is a compilation of his best essays.

その本は彼の最高のエッセイのコンピレーションです。

C1 noun /krɛst/

crest

頂上

Meaning

the top of a hill, wave, or mountain; a symbol of identity

Example

The hikers reached the crest of the mountain at sunrise.

ハイカーたちは日の出時に山頂に到達しました。

C1 noun /krəˈvæs/

crevasse

深い亀裂

Meaning

a deep crack in a glacier or the earth’s surface

Example

The climbers carefully crossed the icy crevasse.

登山者たちは慎重に氷の亀裂を越えました。

C1 noun kənˈsɔː.ti.əm

consortium

コンソーシアム

Meaning

An association of several companies or organizations formed to undertake an enterprise beyond the resources of any one member.

Example

The consortium worked collaboratively to build the cable.

コンソーシアムはケーブルの建設に協力しました。

C1 noun /ˈkɒnsəl/

consul

領事 / 大使

Meaning

an official appointed by a government to live in a foreign city and protect its citizens and interests there

Example

The consul assisted travelers who lost their passports.

領事は、パスポートを失った旅行者を助けました。

C1 noun kəˈmɑːnd ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi

command economy

計画経済

Meaning

An economic system where economic activities are controlled by the government.

Example

In a command economy, the government controls production and prices.

計画経済では、政府が生産と価格を管理します。

C1 verb /kənˈfaʊnd/

confound

Meaning

to confuse or surprise someone, often by acting against their expectations

Example

The magician's trick seemed to confound the entire audience.

C1 noun kənˈɡlɒm.ər.ət

conglomerate

複合企業

Meaning

A large corporation formed by the merging of separate and diverse firms.

Example

The company grew into a multinational conglomerate.

その会社は多国籍の複合企業になった。

C1 verb /kəˈleɪt/

collate

整理する

Meaning

to collect, arrange, and combine in order

Example

The secretary collated the reports before the meeting.

秘書は会議前に報告書を整理した。

C1 noun /ˈkɒl.ə.bəʊn/

Collar-bone

鎖骨

Meaning

either of the pair of bones joining the breastbone to the shoulder blades; clavicle

Example

He broke his collar-bone in the accident.

事故で鎖骨を骨折しました。

C1 noun kənˌsɒl.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən

Consolidation

記憶の定着

Meaning

The process of converting newly learned information into long-term memory

Example

Sleep plays a key role in memory consolidation.

睡眠は記憶の定着において重要な役割を果たします。

C1 noun /tʃæmp/

champ

チャンピオン / 勝者

Meaning

an informal word for champion or winner.

Example

He is the new champ of the boxing tournament.

彼はボクシングトーナメントの新しいチャンピオンです。

C1 noun /ˈkɑr.nɪdʒ/

Carnage

虐殺

Meaning

the killing of a large number of people; widespread slaughter

Example

The battlefield was filled with carnage after the brutal war.

戦場は残虐な戦争の後、血みどろの殺戮で満ちていた。

C1 adjective /kənˈspɪkjuəs/

conspicuous

目立つ

Meaning

Easily noticeable; attracting attention due to being unusual or prominent.

Example

Her red dress made her conspicuous at the party.

彼女の赤いドレスはパーティーで目立っていました。

C1 noun /kəˈmændər ɪn tʃiːf/

Commander-in-chief

最高司令官

Meaning

the supreme leader of a nation's armed forces

Example

The president serves as the commander-in-chief of the military.

大統領は軍隊の最高司令官として務めています。

C1 noun /kɑːrˈtɒɡrəfi/

cartography

地図学

Meaning

The science or practice of drawing maps.

Example

She studied cartography at university to learn how to design maps.

彼女は大学で地図学を学び、地図のデザインを学びました。

C1 adjective, noun /ˈkeɪnaɪn/

canine

犬に関する / 犬歯

Meaning

Relating to dogs; also refers to the pointed teeth in humans and animals

Example

The police trained a canine unit for search operations.

警察は捜索活動のために警察犬ユニットを訓練した。

C1 noun /ˈkæviˌæt/

caveat

警告

Meaning

a warning or condition to be considered before taking action

Example

The proposal was accepted with one caveat.

提案は警告付きで受け入れられました。

C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrməns/

conformance

適合性

Meaning

The act of conforming to a rule, standard, or law.

Example

The product was tested for conformance with safety standards.

製品は安全基準に対する適合性がテストされました。

C1 adjective /kəmˈplɪsɪt/

complicit

共犯者 (犯罪で)

Meaning

involved with others in an illegal activity or wrongdoing

Example

He was found complicit in the crime.

彼は犯罪で共犯者として見つかりました。

C1 noun /kənˈtɪnjuəm/

continuum

連続体

Meaning

A continuous sequence in which adjacent elements are not perceptibly different from each other, but the extremes are quite distinct.

Example

Life and death are often seen as part of the same continuum.

生と死はしばしば同じ連続体の一部と見なされます。

C1 adjective /kɜːrt/

curt

ぶっきらぼう

Meaning

Rudely brief in speech or manner.

Example

His curt reply made everyone uncomfortable.

彼のぶっきらぼうな返答は、皆を不快にさせた。

C1 noun ˈkɑːr.bən ˌsiː.kwəˈstreɪ.ʃən

carbon sequestration

炭素の固定化と長期貯蔵

Meaning

The process of capture and long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide to mitigate or defer global warming.

Example

Forests play a key role in carbon sequestration.

森林は炭素の固定化において重要な役割を果たします。

C1 noun /ˈʃoʊ.və.nɪst/

chauvinist

過度に偏った人物

Meaning

A person displaying excessive or prejudiced loyalty to a group, cause, or gender.

Example

He was labeled a chauvinist after his remarks about women in the workplace.

職場で女性についての彼の発言の後、彼はショービニストとラベル付けされた。

C1 noun /krəˈʃɛndoʊ/

crescendo

音量の段階的増加

Meaning

a gradual increase in loudness or intensity, especially in music

Example

The orchestra built to a powerful crescendo before the finale.

オーケストラはフィナーレの前に強力なクレッシェンドを築いた。

C1 verb /ˈkɒr.ə.leɪt/

correlate

coma

コーマ

Meaning

A deep state of prolonged unconsciousness caused by illness or injury.

Example

The patient remained in a coma for several weeks.

患者は数週間コーマ状態にありました。

C1 noun /krəˈnɒlədʒi/

chronology

Meaning

The arrangement of events or dates in the order of their occurrence.

Example

The chronology of the dynasty was carefully studied by historians.

C1 adjective, noun /ˈsɛlɪbət/

celibate

Meaning

abstaining from marriage and sexual relations; a person who does so

Example

He chose to remain celibate for religious reasons.

C1 noun /ˌkɑːr.diˈɒl.ə.dʒɪst/

cardiologist

心臓専門医

Meaning

A doctor specializing in diagnosing and treating heart diseases.

Example

She made an appointment with a cardiologist for her chest pain.

彼女は胸の痛みのために心臓専門医に予約を取りました。

C1 noun /tʃɪt/

Chit

メモ、控え

Meaning

a short note, typically a brief informal letter; a voucher for a sum owed

Example

She left a chit on the table asking him to call her back.

彼女はテーブルにチットを置いて、彼に戻って電話するように頼んだ。

C1 verb /ˈkæp.saɪz/

capsize

転覆する

Meaning

to overturn in the water

Example

The small fishing boat capsized during the storm.

小さな漁船が嵐の中で転覆した。

C1 noun /ˈkɑːmənˌwɛlθ/

commonwealth

コモンウェルス

Meaning

an independent community or state, especially one founded for the common good; also an association of nations

Example

Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.

オーストラリアはコモンウェルス加盟国です。

C1 noun /ˈtʃæplɪn/

chaplain

チャプレン

Meaning

A member of the clergy attached to a private chapel, institution, hospital, or military unit.

Example

The army chaplain offered prayers before the battle.

軍のチャプレンは戦闘前に祈りを捧げました。

C1 noun /ˈkoʊhɔːrt/

cohort

コホート

Meaning

A group of people with a shared characteristic, usually of the same age or with a common experience.

Example

The study tracked a cohort of students over ten years.

その研究は10年にわたり学生のコホートを追跡しました。

C1 noun ˈklaɪmət ˌrɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən

climate regulation

気候調整

Meaning

The moderation of climate conditions through natural or artificial processes.

Example

Forests help in climate regulation by stabilizing local temperatures.

森林は地域の温度を安定させることで気候調整に役立ちます。

C1 noun /ˈkɒntrəbænd/

contraband

密輸品

Meaning

goods that are illegal to import, export, or possess

Example

The police seized a shipment of contraband cigarettes.

警察は密輸されたタバコの積荷を押収しました。

C1 noun /ˈkɒt.ən ˈfæb.rɪk/

Cotton Fabric

綿布

Meaning

textile made from cotton fibers, known for being soft, breathable, and comfortable

Example

Cotton fabric is perfect for summer clothing.

綿布は夏の衣服に最適です。

C1 verb /ˈkəʊ.dɪ.faɪ/

codify

体系化する

Meaning

to arrange laws, rules, or ideas into a clear and systematic code

Example

The committee worked to codify the existing laws.

委員会は既存の法律を体系化するために取り組みました。

C1 noun/verb /kruːˈseɪd/

crusade

十字軍、激しいキャンペーン

Meaning

a vigorous campaign for a social, political, or religious cause; to fight passionately for a cause

Example

She has been crusading for women's rights all her life.

彼女は一生を女性の権利のために戦っています。

C1 verb /kəˈrəʊd/

corrode

腐食

Meaning

to gradually destroy or wear away metal or other materials through chemical action

Example

The iron pipes corroded over time due to exposure to water.

鉄のパイプは水にさらされて時間が経つにつれて腐食しました。

C1 adjective /kənˈtɪn.ju.əl/

Continual

継続的な; 絶え間ない

Meaning

happening repeatedly over a long period of time; constant and uninterrupted

Example

The continual noise from the construction site was very annoying.

建設現場からの継続的な音は非常に迷惑でした。

C1 adjective sɪˈlɛstʃəl

celestial

天体

Meaning

Positioned in or relating to the sky, or outer space as observed in astronomy.

Example

The celestial bodies in the sky were clearly visible last night.

空にある天体は昨夜はっきりと見えました。

C1 noun /ˈtʃaɪ.nə.weər/

China-ware

チャイナウェア

Meaning

dishes, plates, cups, and other tableware made of porcelain or fine ceramic

Example

The expensive china-ware was displayed in the cabinet.

高価なチャイナウェアはキャビネットに展示されていました。

C1 noun /ˈsɪvɪks/

civics

公民

Meaning

the study of the rights and duties of citizens and how government works

Example

Civics helps students understand their responsibilities as citizens.

公民は市民としての責任を理解するのに役立つ。

C1 adjective /ˈtʃɛkərd/

chequered

チェッカード

Meaning

Having a pattern of squares, or marked by varied and contrasting experiences or periods.

Example

He had a chequered career with both great successes and failures.

彼は大きな成功と失敗を経験したチェッカードなキャリアを持っていた。

C1 adjective /koʊˈɜːrsɪv/

coercive

強制的

Meaning

Relating to or using force or threats to make someone do something.

Example

The government faced criticism for adopting coercive measures against protestors.

政府は抗議者に対して強制的な措置を取ったことで批判を受けた。

C1 verb /koʊˈhæbɪt/

cohabit

同棲する

Meaning

To live together, often as partners without being married.

Example

They decided to cohabit before getting married.

彼らは結婚前に同居することを決めました。

C1 adjective /kənˈdʒenɪtl/

congenital

先天的

Meaning

existing from birth, usually describing a disease or condition

Example

The child was born with a congenital heart defect.

その子供は先天的な心臓疾患を持って生まれました。

C1 adjective /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/

compulsive

強迫的

Meaning

Resulting from or acting on an irresistible urge, especially one that is against one's conscious wishes.

Example

He is a compulsive gambler who cannot stop placing bets.

彼は賭けをやめられない強迫的なギャンブラーです。

C1 adjective /klaɪˈmæktɪk/

climactic

クライマティック

Meaning

Relating to the most exciting or important moment of something.

Example

The film ended with a climactic battle scene.

映画はクライマティックな戦闘シーンで終わった。

C1 verb /kɑːrp/

carp

不平を言う

Meaning

to complain or find fault continually, often about trivial matters

Example

She tends to carp about the smallest inconveniences.

彼女は最小の不便さについても不平を言う傾向がある。

C1 verb /ˈkrɒs.briːd/

crossbreed

交配

Meaning

to produce an animal or plant by mating two different breeds, varieties, or species

Example

Farmers crossbreed cows to improve milk production.

農家は牛の乳生産を向上させるために交配します。

C1 adjective /ˈtʃɛk.ərd/

checkered

チェッカード

Meaning

Having a pattern of alternating squares of different colors; also describing a past full of ups and downs or varied experiences.

Example

He had a checkered career with many highs and lows.

彼は多くの浮き沈みを経験したチェッカードなキャリアを持っていた。

C1 noun /ˈkɜːrfjuː/

curfew

外出禁止令

Meaning

a rule requiring people to stay indoors after a certain time, usually at night

Example

The city imposed a curfew during the unrest.

都市は騒動の間に外出禁止令を課しました。

C1 verb /ˈkrɪsən/

christen

洗礼名を付ける

Meaning

to give a name to someone at baptism or to name something officially

Example

They christened the ship after the queen.

彼らは船に女王の名前を付けました。

C1 noun /ˈkɔːkəs/

caucus

政治的集会

Meaning

A meeting of members of a political party to select candidates or decide policy.

Example

The party held a caucus to nominate their candidate for president.

党は大統領候補者を指名するために集会を開いた。

C1 phrase ˌkæt.əˈɡɒr.ɪ.kəl.i rɪˈfjuː.tɪd

categorically refuted

完全に否定された

Meaning

Completely and absolutely denied or disproved.

Example

The claims were categorically refuted by officials.

その主張は公式に完全に否定されました。

C1 adjective ˈser.ɪ.brəl

cerebral

大脳の

Meaning

Of the cerebrum of the brain.

Example

Cerebral functions regulate thoughts.

大脳機能は思考を調整します。

C1 noun /kæʃ/

cache

キャッシュ

Meaning

A hidden storage of items or a high-speed memory in computing.

Example

The hikers found a cache of supplies hidden under the rocks.

ハイカーたちは岩の下に隠された物資のキャッシュを見つけました。