comprehensible
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C1 adjective /ˌkɒmprɪˈhɛnsəbl/

comprehensible

理解できる
Meaning
able to be understood; intelligible
Example
The teacher explained the topic in a comprehensible way.
先生はそのトピックを理解しやすい方法で説明しました。
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒenɪtl/

congenital

先天的
Meaning
existing from birth, usually describing a disease or condition
Example
The child was born with a congenital heart defect.
その子供は先天的な心臓疾患を持って生まれました。
C1 noun ˌkæp.ɪ.təl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

capitalization

資本化
Meaning
The total market value of a company's shares or the provision of capital for a company or activity.
Example
The company's capitalization reached $1 billion in market value.
その会社の資本化は市場価値で10億ドルに達しました。
C1 verb /tʃaɪd/

chide

叱る
Meaning
to scold or rebuke; to express disapproval
Example
The teacher chided the student for being late.
先生は遅刻した生徒を叱りました。
C1 noun ˈkɑːr.bən ˌsiː.kwəˈstreɪ.ʃən

carbon sequestration

炭素の固定化と長期貯蔵
Meaning
The process of capture and long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide to mitigate or defer global warming.
Example
Forests play a key role in carbon sequestration.
森林は炭素の固定化において重要な役割を果たします。
C1 noun /ˌkɒn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/

constellation

星座
Meaning
a group of stars forming a recognizable pattern in the night sky
Example
Orion is one of the most famous constellations.
オリオン座は最も有名な星座の一つです。
C1 adjective kənˈkɝː.ənt

concurrent

同時に行われる、並行する、同じ時間に行われる
Meaning
Existing, happening, or done at the same time.
Example
The conference had concurrent sessions on various topics.
会議では、さまざまなトピックに関する並行セッションが行われました。
C1 noun /ˌkʌl də ˈsæk/

cul de sac

袋小路
Meaning
A street or passage closed at one end; a dead end.
Example
They bought a house at the end of a quiet cul de sac.
彼らは静かな袋小路の先に家を買いました。
C1 verb /kənˈfaʊnd/

confound

Meaning
to confuse or surprise someone, often by acting against their expectations
Example
The magician's trick seemed to confound the entire audience.
C1 verb /ˈsenʃər/

censure

非難する, 厳しく批判する
Meaning
to criticize severely; to express strong disapproval
Example
The committee censured the politician for his misconduct.
委員会は彼の不正行為に対して政治家を非難しました。
C1 noun /kəˈmɪtl̩/

committal

収監 / 拘束
Meaning
The action of sending a person to prison or a mental hospital; also the act of committing something to a particular place.
Example
The judge ordered the committal of the accused to custody.
裁判官は被告を拘置所に送るよう命じました。
C1 noun ˈklaɪmət ˌrɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən

climate regulation

気候調整
Meaning
The moderation of climate conditions through natural or artificial processes.
Example
Forests help in climate regulation by stabilizing local temperatures.
森林は地域の温度を安定させることで気候調整に役立ちます。
C1 adjective /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsnt/

convalescent

回復中の、病気や治療から回復している
Meaning
recovering from an illness or medical treatment
Example
The hospital has a special ward for convalescent patients.
病院には回復中の患者のための特別な病棟があります。
C1 verb /kənˈkɒkt/

concoct

作る、考案する
Meaning
to make something, especially food or a story, by mixing or inventing
Example
He concocted a story to explain his absence.
彼は自分の不在を説明するために話を作り上げました。
C1 adverb /ˌkɒnfɪˈdenʃəli/

Confidentially

機密に
Meaning
in a confidential manner; secretly; privately
Example
The information was shared confidentially between the two managers.
その情報は2人のマネージャーの間で機密に共有されました。
C1 noun /ˌkɒŋɡrɪˈɡeɪʃən/

congregation

集会
Meaning
a group of people assembled for religious worship or a common purpose
Example
The congregation gathered to hear the sermon.
集会は説教を聞くために集まりました。
C1 verb /kənˈdəʊn/

condone

容認する
Meaning
To accept or allow behavior that is morally wrong or offensive.
Example
The manager refused to condone harassment in the workplace.
マネージャーは職場での嫌がらせを容認することを拒否しました。
C1 noun /kliːk/

clique

クリーク
Meaning
a small, exclusive group of people
Example
The students formed a clique that excluded others.
学生たちは他の人を排除したクリークを作った。
C1 noun /ˈkæviˌæt/

caveat

警告
Meaning
a warning or condition to be considered before taking action
Example
The proposal was accepted with one caveat.
提案は警告付きで受け入れられました。
C1 verb /kənˈstrɪkt/

constrict

絞る
Meaning
to make narrower or tighter; to shrink or compress
Example
The snake constricted its prey before swallowing.
その蛇は獲物を飲み込む前に締め付けました。
C1 noun /ˈkoʊhɔːrt/

cohort

コホート
Meaning
A group of people with a shared characteristic, usually of the same age or with a common experience.
Example
The study tracked a cohort of students over ten years.
その研究は10年にわたり学生のコホートを追跡しました。
C1 noun /ˌkɒndʒʊˈɡeɪʃən/

conjugation

活用
Meaning
the variation of the form of a verb to indicate tense, person, and number
Example
French verbs have complex conjugations.
フランス語の動詞には複雑な活用形があります。
C1 noun /kənˈfɛdərəsi/

confederacy

連邦
Meaning
a group of states, people, or organizations united for a common purpose
Example
The southern states formed a confederacy during the civil war.
南部の州は南北戦争中に連邦を結成しました。
C1 adjective /ˈkɔːʃənˌɛri/

cautionary

警告的な
Meaning
serving as a warning; intended to prevent problems or mistakes by giving advice or examples
Example
The report offers a cautionary message about unchecked spending.
その報告書は無計画な支出について警告的なメッセージを示している。
C1 noun/adjective /kənˈfɛdərət/

confederate

連邦軍
Meaning
a person, group, or state joined in an alliance or union; relating to a confederacy
Example
The confederate soldiers fought bravely in the war.
連邦軍の兵士たちは戦争で勇敢に戦った。
C1 noun /ˈkæn.ə.pi/

canopy

森の上層部、木々の冠によって形成される; 上部の覆い
Meaning
The upper layer of a forest formed by the crowns of trees; overhead cover.
Example
The rainforest canopy provides shelter to many birds and insects.
熱帯雨林のキャノピーは多くの鳥や昆虫に避難場所を提供します。
C1 noun /krʌtʃ/

crutch

松葉杖, 支え
Meaning
a support used by someone injured to walk; also something relied upon for support or help
Example
He had to use crutches after breaking his leg.
彼は足を骨折した後、松葉杖を使わなければならなかった。
C1 verb /ˈkɒnsɔːrt/

consort

Meaning
To associate with someone, typically with disapproval; also, a spouse of a reigning monarch.
Example
He was criticized for consorting with criminals.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒnvɛks/

convex

凸状の、外向きに丸みを帯びた
Meaning
curved or rounded outward
Example
The lens has a convex shape to focus light.
レンズは光を焦点を合わせるために凸の形状をしています。
C1 noun /kuː/

coup

クーデター
Meaning
a sudden, decisive action that brings about a change, especially in government
Example
The military staged a coup to overthrow the existing regime.
軍隊は現政権を倒すためにクーデターを起こしました。
C1 adjective,noun /kənˈtɪn.dʒənt/

contingent

依存する / 代表団
Meaning
dependent on something else; a group of people representing an organization
Example
Attendance is contingent on prior registration. / A contingent of students attended the conference.
出席は事前登録に依存しています。 / 学生の代表団が会議に出席しました。
C1 noun /ˈkɒndjuɪt/ or /ˈkɑːnduɪt/

conduit

導管 / 手段
Meaning
a channel or pipe for conveying water, electricity, or information
Example
The cable was placed inside a protective conduit.
ケーブルは保護された導管内に配置されました。
C1 noun /ˈʃɪvəlri/

chivalry

騎士道
Meaning
The medieval knightly system with its moral, social, and religious code; courteous behavior, especially toward women.
Example
The knight lived by the code of chivalry.
騎士は騎士道の規範に従って生きていました。
C1 adjective ˌkɑːr.sɪ.nəˈdʒen.ɪk

carcinogenic

発癌性の
Meaning
Having the potential to cause cancer in living tissue.
Example
Processed meat contains carcinogenic compounds.
加工肉には発癌性の化合物が含まれています。
C1 verb /kənˈspaɪər/

conspire

共謀する
Meaning
to secretly plan with others to do something harmful or illegal
Example
They conspired to overthrow the government.
彼らは政府を倒すために共謀した。
C1 noun /klaʊt/

clout

影響力
Meaning
influence or power, especially in politics or business
Example
The businessman has a lot of political clout.
そのビジネスマンは政治的な影響力を持っています。
C1 noun /ˌkɒnstəˈneɪʃən/

consternation

動揺
Meaning
A feeling of anxiety, dismay, or confusion, often caused by something unexpected.
Example
The sudden announcement caused widespread consternation among the employees.
突然の発表が従業員の間で広範な動揺を引き起こしました
C1 adjective /kræs/

crass

無神経な、感受性や洗練さが欠けている
Meaning
lacking sensitivity, refinement, or intelligence
Example
His crass remarks offended everyone at the meeting.
彼の無神経な発言は会議で全員を怒らせました。
C1 noun /ˈklɛmənsi/

clemency

寛容
Meaning
mercy, leniency, or forgiveness shown towards someone
Example
The judge showed clemency and reduced his sentence.
裁判官は寛容を示し、彼の判決を軽減しました。
C1 verb /klɪntʃ/

clinch

Meaning
To secure or settle something decisively; to grasp tightly.
Example
The team clinched the championship with a last-minute goal.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːmənˌwɛlθ/

commonwealth

コモンウェルス
Meaning
an independent community or state, especially one founded for the common good; also an association of nations
Example
Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
オーストラリアはコモンウェルス加盟国です。
C1 noun /krɪpt/

crypt

地下室
Meaning
an underground chamber, especially one beneath a church, used as a burial place
Example
The tourists explored the ancient crypt beneath the cathedral.
観光客は大聖堂の下にある古代の地下室を探索しました。
C1 noun /tʃɪt/

Chit

メモ、控え
Meaning
a short note, typically a brief informal letter; a voucher for a sum owed
Example
She left a chit on the table asking him to call her back.
彼女はテーブルにチットを置いて、彼に戻って電話するように頼んだ。
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrdəməm/

Cardamom

カルダモン
Meaning
aromatic seeds from a plant in the ginger family, used as a spice
Example
The recipe calls for a pinch of ground cardamom.
レシピにはひとつまみの粉末カルダモンが必要です。
C1 noun /kəˈlæm.ɪ.ti/

Calamity

災害; 大惨事
Meaning
an event causing great and often sudden damage or distress; a disaster
Example
The earthquake was a terrible calamity that affected thousands of families.
地震は恐ろしいカラミティで、何千人もの家族に影響を与えました。
C1 verb /kənˈtraɪv/

contrive

考案する
Meaning
to plan or devise cleverly or skillfully
Example
She contrived a clever plan to surprise her friends.
彼女は友達を驚かせるために賢い計画を思いついた。
C1 noun /ˈkʌntrɪmən/

countryman

同国人
Meaning
a person from one's own country or rural area
Example
He was proud to meet a fellow countryman at the international conference.
彼は国際会議で同国人に会えて誇りに思った。
C1 noun kəˈmɑːnd ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi

command economy

計画経済
Meaning
An economic system where economic activities are controlled by the government.
Example
In a command economy, the government controls production and prices.
計画経済では、政府が生産と価格を管理します。
C1 noun /ˈkɒnfɪdænt/

confidant

信頼できる友人
Meaning
A person with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting them not to repeat it.
Example
She found a true confidant in her childhood friend.
彼女は子供時代の友人の中に本当の信頼できる友人を見つけました。
C1 noun ˈkəmˌpaʊndɪŋ

compounding

複利
Meaning
The process whereby interest is added to an amount of money and future interest is calculated on the total.
Example
Compounding interest increases the value of investments over time.
複利は時間が経過するにつれて投資の価値を増加させます。
C1 noun /ˈkɒnsəl/

consul

領事 / 大使
Meaning
an official appointed by a government to live in a foreign city and protect its citizens and interests there
Example
The consul assisted travelers who lost their passports.
領事は、パスポートを失った旅行者を助けました。
C1 noun /ˈkruːsɪbəl/

crucible

過酷な試練、溶鉱炉
Meaning
a severe test or trial; a container used for heating substances to very high temperatures
Example
The team emerged stronger from the crucible of competition.
チームは競争の過酷な試練を乗り越えて、より強くなった。
C1 adjective /kənˈsɪliətɔːri/

conciliatory

和解的
Meaning
intended to make someone less angry or more agreeable; soothing
Example
She spoke in a conciliatory tone to ease the tension.
彼女は緊張を和らげるために和解的な口調で話した。
C1 adjective /kənˈtɪn.ju.əl/

Continual

継続的な; 絶え間ない
Meaning
happening repeatedly over a long period of time; constant and uninterrupted
Example
The continual noise from the construction site was very annoying.
建設現場からの継続的な音は非常に迷惑でした。
C1 noun /ˈkændɪdnəs/

candidness

率直
Meaning
The quality of being open, honest, and straightforward
Example
Her candidness during the meeting impressed everyone.
会議中の彼女の率直さは皆に感銘を与えました。
C1 noun /saɪˈteɪʃən/

citation

引用
Meaning
a quotation from or reference to a book, paper, or author
Example
The research paper included a citation from Shakespeare.
研究論文にはシェイクスピアからの引用が含まれていました。
C1 noun kənˈsjuː.mə.rɪ.zəm

consumerism

消費主義
Meaning
The tendency to increase consumption of goods and the importance given to consuming products.
Example
Modern consumerism leads to increased demand for luxury goods.
現代の消費主義は高級品の需要の増加を引き起こします。
C1 noun /krəˈnɒlədʒi/

chronology

Meaning
The arrangement of events or dates in the order of their occurrence.
Example
The chronology of the dynasty was carefully studied by historians.
C1 noun /klæn/

clan

一族
Meaning
a large family group or a close-knit community with shared interests or ancestry
Example
The entire clan gathered to celebrate the festival.
一族全員が祭りを祝うために集まりました。
C1 noun /krɪˈden.ʃəl/

credential

資格証明書
Meaning
a qualification, achievement, or aspect of a person's background used to indicate suitability for something
Example
She presented her credentials before starting the new job.
彼女は新しい仕事を始める前に資格証明書を提示しました。
C1 adjective /klænˈdɛstaɪn/

clandestine

Meaning
kept secret or done secretly, especially for illicit purposes
Example
They held a clandestine meeting late at night.
C1 verb /ˈsɪvɪlaɪz/

civilize

文明化する
Meaning
to bring a society or group to a more developed, organized, or socially acceptable state; to educate and refine behavior
Example
Education can help civilize communities by promoting shared values and respect.
教育は共有された価値観と尊重を促進することで、地域社会を文明化する助けになります。
C1 adjective /kəˈnɒnɪkəl/

canonical

カノニカル / 受け入れられた
Meaning
Conforming to a general rule or accepted standard; officially recognized.
Example
Shakespeare’s works are considered canonical in English literature.
シェイクスピアの作品は英文学においてカノニカルと見なされています。
C1 adjective /ˈkæl.əs/

Callous

無情な; 冷酷な; 非情な
Meaning
showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others; emotionally hardened
Example
He showed a callous disregard for others' feelings.
彼は他人の感情を無視して冷酷に振る舞った。
C1 noun kənˈvɜː.dʒəns

convergence

収束
Meaning
The process of coming together from different directions to meet at a common point; unification or integration.
Example
The convergence of technologies is revolutionizing industries.
技術の収束が産業を革命的に変革しています。
C1 noun /ˈkoʊhɔːrts/

cohorts

コホート
Meaning
Groups of people who share a common feature or experience.
Example
Researchers compared the health outcomes of different cohorts.
研究者たちは異なるコホートの健康結果を比較しました。
C1 noun /kənˈtɪnjuəm/

continuum

連続体
Meaning
A continuous sequence in which adjacent elements are not perceptibly different from each other, but the extremes are quite distinct.
Example
Life and death are often seen as part of the same continuum.
生と死はしばしば同じ連続体の一部と見なされます。
C1 noun /kuːp/

coop

鶏や他の鳥のための小さな囲いまたは小屋
Meaning
a small enclosure or cage for chickens or other birds
Example
The farmer checked the chickens in the coop every morning.
農夫は毎朝小屋の中の鶏をチェックしていました。
C1 verb /kəˈmɛmɔˌreɪt/

commemorate

記念する
Meaning
To honor and remember someone or something through a ceremony or action.
Example
The statue was built to commemorate the fallen heroes.
その像は、倒れた英雄たちを記念して作られました。
C1 noun /ˈsɪn.ɪˌsɪz.əm/

cynicism

シニシズム
Meaning
An inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest; skepticism.
Example
His cynicism made it hard for him to trust anyone.
彼のシニシズムは、誰かを信頼するのを難しくしていた。
C1 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈækt/

counteract

反作用
Meaning
to act against something in order to reduce its effect
Example
The medicine helps counteract the side effects of the treatment.
その薬は治療の副作用をカウンターアクトするのに役立ちます。
C1 noun /ˈsɪstərn/

cistern

貯水槽
Meaning
A tank or container for storing water, usually for household use.
Example
The old house still had a cistern to collect rainwater.
古い家にはまだ雨水を集めるための貯水槽がありました。
C1 adjective ˈkʌm.bə.səm

cumbersome

重い、扱いにくい、運ぶのが難しい
Meaning
Heavy, unwieldy, difficult to handle or carry.
Example
The cumbersome luggage slowed him down.
重い荷物が彼を遅くした。
C1 noun /ˈkælkjʊləs/

calculus

微積分
Meaning
A branch of mathematics concerned with rates of change and accumulation; also a hard mineral deposit in the body such as on teeth.
Example
Calculus is essential for advanced studies in physics and engineering.
微積分は物理学と工学の高度な研究に不可欠です。
C1 noun /kəmˈprɛʃn̩/

compression

圧縮
Meaning
The act of pressing or squeezing something into a smaller space.
Example
File compression helps reduce storage requirements.
ファイル圧縮はストレージ要件を削減するのに役立ちます。
C1 noun /kæpˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/

Captivity

監禁
Meaning
the condition of being imprisoned or confined
Example
After years of captivity, the prisoner was finally released.
長年の監禁の後、囚人は最終的に解放されました。
C1 noun /səˈvɪləti/

civility

礼儀
Meaning
Polite and courteous behavior.
Example
He treated his opponent with civility despite their differences.
彼は彼の対戦相手に対して礼儀を持って接した、彼らの違いにもかかわらず。
C1 adjective /ˌʃoʊ.vəˈnɪs.tɪk/

chauvinistic

ショービニズム
Meaning
Displaying or characterized by excessive or prejudiced loyalty or support, especially towards one's own gender or group.
Example
His chauvinistic attitude alienated many of his female colleagues.
彼のショウビニスティックな態度は多くの女性の同僚を疎外した。
C1 noun, verb /kriːs/

crease

しわ, 折り目
Meaning
a line or fold produced on paper, cloth, or other material; to make a fold or wrinkle
Example
She ironed the shirt carefully to remove every crease.
彼女はシャツを慎重にアイロンがけして、すべてのしわを取り除きました。
C1 noun /ˈsɛntɪˌliːtər/

centiliter

Meaning
A metric unit of capacity equal to one hundredth of a liter.
Example
The recipe calls for 20 centiliters of milk.
C1 verb /kənˈtɛkstʃuəlaɪz/

contextualize

文脈化する
Meaning
to place something in a context or interpret it in relation to its surroundings
Example
The teacher contextualized the historical event to make it more relevant for students.
先生は歴史的な出来事を学生にとってより関連性のあるものにするために文脈化しました。
C1 noun /kjʊˈreɪtər/

curator

キュレーター
Meaning
a person who is responsible for the care and management of a museum, gallery, or collection
Example
The curator organized a new exhibition of ancient artifacts.
キュレーターは新しい古代の遺物の展示を組織しました。
C1 adjective ˈkrɪp.tɪk

cryptic

暗号的, 謎めいた, 不明確な
Meaning
Having a meaning that is mysterious or obscure; difficult to understand.
Example
The message was cryptic and hard to decipher.
そのメッセージは暗号的で解読が難しかった。
C1 noun /ˈklæmər/

clamor

騒音
Meaning
a loud and confused noise, especially of people shouting insistently
Example
The clamor of the protesting crowd filled the square.
抗議する群衆の騒音が広場を埋め尽くした。
C1 noun /ˈkærət/

carat

宝石の重さの単位
Meaning
a unit of weight for precious stones, equal to 200 milligrams
Example
She received a two-carat diamond ring for her engagement.
彼女は婚約のために2カラットのダイヤモンドリングをもらいました。
C1 adjective /kənˈtɛmptʃuəs/

contemptuous

軽蔑的, 侮辱的
Meaning
showing or expressing contempt; scornful
Example
She gave him a contemptuous glance.
彼女は彼に軽蔑のまなざしを向けた。
C1 verb /krɪndʒ/

cringe

縮む
Meaning
To shrink back in fear, embarrassment, or discomfort.
Example
She cringed when she remembered her mistake.
彼女は自分の間違いを思い出して、縮んだ。
C1 noun /ˈkɜːrfjuː/

curfew

外出禁止令
Meaning
a rule requiring people to stay indoors after a certain time, usually at night
Example
The city imposed a curfew during the unrest.
都市は騒動の間に外出禁止令を課しました。
C1 adjective /ˈkɔːrdiəl/

Cordial

親切な; 誠実な; 心からの
Meaning
warmly friendly; sincere; heartfelt
Example
She gave us a cordial welcome at the front door.
彼女は玄関で私たちに親切な歓迎をしてくれました。
C1 noun/verb /kroʊˈʃeɪ/

crochet

Meaning
Needlework made by interlocking loops of thread with a hooked needle; the act of making such items.
Example
She learned how to crochet a scarf for winter.
C1 adjective /klæd/

clad

服を着た / 覆われた
Meaning
dressed or covered in a particular way
Example
The knight was clad in shining armor.
騎士は輝く鎧を着ていた。
C1 noun /krʌst/

crust

外皮
Meaning
the hard outer surface of something, especially bread or the Earth's outer layer
Example
He cut off the crust of the bread before eating.
彼は食べる前にパンの外皮を切り取った。
C1 noun /ˈkʌl.ən.dər/

Colander

ザル
Meaning
a bowl-shaped kitchen utensil with holes in it used for draining food such as pasta or rice
Example
She drained the pasta using a colander.
彼女はパスタをザルで水切りした。
C1 noun /kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/

Compulsion

強迫; 強制;
Meaning
the action or state of forcing or being forced to do something; an irresistible urge to behave in a certain way
Example
He felt a strong compulsion to check his phone every few minutes.
彼は数分おきに電話を確認したいという強迫感を感じていた。
C1 verb /ˌkɒntrəˈviːn/

contravene

違反する
Meaning
to go against or act in opposition to a law, rule, or agreement
Example
He contravened the safety regulations and was fined.
彼は安全規則に反したため、罰金を科せられました。
C1 noun /kəˈloʊkwiəˌlɪzəm/

colloquialism

口語表現
Meaning
a word or phrase used in informal speech or writing
Example
The novel is full of regional colloquialisms.
その小説は地域の口語表現で満ちている。
C1 noun ˌkʌl.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən

culmination

クルミネーション. 何かの最高潮、特に長い時間を経て達成されたもの。
Meaning
The highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time.
Example
The project reached its culmination after years of effort.
プロジェクトは長年の努力の末、最高潮に達しました。
C1 verb /kənˈfleɪt/

conflate

統合する / 混同する
Meaning
To combine two or more things, often confusingly, into one.
Example
The article tends to conflate facts with opinions.
その記事は事実と意見を混同しがちです。
C1 noun /ˈʃæsi/

chassis

車両のシャーシ
Meaning
the base frame of a vehicle or other wheeled machine
Example
The mechanic examined the car's chassis for damage.
整備士は車のシャーシに損傷がないか確認しました。
C1 noun /ˈkɒləmnɪst/

columnist

コラムニスト
Meaning
a journalist who regularly writes articles or opinions for a newspaper or magazine
Example
The columnist wrote an article about climate change.
コラムニストは気候変動に関する記事を書きました。
C1 adjective /ˌkaʊntərɪnˈtuːɪtɪv/

counterintuitive

直感に反する
Meaning
contrary to what one would intuitively expect
Example
His approach seems counterintuitive but it actually works.
彼のアプローチは直感に反するように見えますが、実際には効果的です。
C1 noun /kənˈdəʊləns/

condolence

お悔やみ
Meaning
An expression of sympathy, especially on the occasion of death.
Example
She offered her sincere condolence to the grieving family.
彼女は悲しみに沈んでいる家族に心からのお悔やみを伝えました。
C1 noun /ˈkɑr.nɪdʒ/

Carnage

虐殺
Meaning
the killing of a large number of people; widespread slaughter
Example
The battlefield was filled with carnage after the brutal war.
戦場は残虐な戦争の後、血みどろの殺戮で満ちていた。
C1 noun /kəmˈplɪsəti/

complicity

共謀
Meaning
the state of being involved with others in an illegal activity or wrongdoing
Example
The court revealed his complicity in the fraud scheme.
裁判所は彼の詐欺計画における共謀を明らかにした。
C1 noun /kəˈres/

Caress

愛撫
Meaning
a gentle or loving touch
Example
The mother's gentle caress calmed the crying baby.
母親の優しい愛撫が泣いている赤ちゃんを落ち着かせた。
C1 adjective /ˈkɒɡ.nɪ.zənt/

cognizant

認識している
Meaning
Having knowledge or being aware of something.
Example
He was cognizant of the risks before starting the project.
彼はプロジェクトを開始する前にリスクに気づいていた。
C1 verb /ˈkɒnsɪkreɪt/

consecrate

奉献する
Meaning
to make something sacred, usually through a religious ceremony
Example
The church was consecrated by the bishop.
教会は司教によって奉献されました。
C1 noun /kəˈnʌn.drəm/

conundrum

複雑な問題やパズル
Meaning
A complex problem or puzzle without an easy solution
Example
The ethical conundrum puzzled the researchers.
倫理的なジレンマは研究者たちを困惑させた。
C1 verb /ˈkriːmeɪt/

cremate

火葬する
Meaning
to burn a dead body to ashes as a funeral rite
Example
According to his wishes, they cremated his body after the funeral.
彼の希望に従って、葬儀の後に彼の遺体を火葬しました。
C1 noun /ˌklɔːstrəˈfəʊbiə/

claustrophobia

Meaning
an extreme or irrational fear of being in confined spaces
Example
He avoids elevators because of his claustrophobia.
C1 adjective /kənˈteɪ.dʒəs/

Contagious

伝染性の; 感染性の
Meaning
likely to spread to and affect others; infectious
Example
Her laughter is contagious and makes everyone smile.
彼女の笑い声は伝染性があり、みんなを笑顔にする。
C1 noun /kənˈtɛndər/

contender

競争者, 立候補者
Meaning
a person or team competing for a title or prize
Example
She is a strong contender for the mayoral position.
彼女は市長職の強力な候補者です。
C1 noun /ˈkævərn/

cavern

洞窟
Meaning
a large cave or chamber in a cave
Example
The explorers entered a dark cavern beneath the mountain.
探検家たちは山の下にある暗い洞窟に入った。
C1 noun /ˌkɔr.diˈæl.ɪ.ti/

Cordiality

友情; 優しさ
Meaning
sincere affection and kindness; warm and friendly behavior
Example
The host's cordiality made all the guests feel welcome and comfortable.
ホストのコーディアリティはすべてのゲストが歓迎され、快適に感じさせました。
C1 noun /ˈsɪvɪks/

civics

公民
Meaning
the study of the rights and duties of citizens and how government works
Example
Civics helps students understand their responsibilities as citizens.
公民は市民としての責任を理解するのに役立つ。
C1 noun /ˈkɒndɪmənt/

condiment

調味料/ソース
Meaning
a substance such as salt, mustard, or ketchup that is used to add flavor to food
Example
Ketchup is a popular condiment in many countries.
ケチャップは多くの国で人気の調味料です。
C1 noun ˌkɒm.pjʊˈteɪ.ʃən

computation

計算
Meaning
The action of mathematical calculation.
Example
Complex computation is required for AI models.
AIモデルには複雑な計算が必要です。
C1 noun /kɑːrˈtɒɡrəfər/

cartographer

地図製作者
Meaning
A person who makes maps.
Example
The cartographer carefully drew the map of the new territory.
カートグラファーは新しい地域の地図を慎重に描きました。
C1 adjective /kənˈsɜːrtɪd/

concerted

協調した
Meaning
done with great effort, planned and performed together by multiple people
Example
The workers made a concerted effort to improve conditions.
労働者たちは状況改善のために協調した努力をしました。
C1 adjective /ˈsiːs.ləs/

Ceaseless

途切れのない; 終わりのない
Meaning
continuing without pause or interruption; endless
Example
The ceaseless rain lasted for three days.
途切れのない雨は三日間続いた。
C1 noun /kriːd/

creed

信条, 原則
Meaning
A system of religious or spiritual beliefs or a guiding principle.
Example
Freedom of speech is part of his personal creed.
言論の自由は彼の個人的な信条の一部です。