C2 noun /ˌkɒməˈsɛəriət/

commissariat

供給部門

Meaning

A department responsible for supplying food and equipment, especially in the military.

Example

The army commissariat ensured that the soldiers had enough supplies.

軍隊の供給部門は、兵士たちが十分な物資を持っていることを確認した。

C1 verb /ˈnuːtər/

neuter

去勢する

Meaning

To remove the reproductive organs of an animal; or having no gender.

Example

They decided to neuter their cat to prevent more kittens.

彼らは、もっと子猫が生まれないように、猫を去勢することに決めました。

C2 adjective /ˈfæl.oʊ/

fallow

休耕地

Meaning

Describing land that is left unplanted for a period to restore its fertility, allowing soil to recover nutrients and break pest and disease cycles.

Example

Farmers leave their fields fallow to restore soil fertility.

農家は土壌の肥沃度を回復させるために畑を休ませます。

C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.ænˈθrɒp.ɪk/

philanthropic

博愛主義的な

Meaning

showing concern for the welfare of others; generous and charitable

Example

She is known for her philanthropic activities in the city.

彼女は街での博愛活動で知られています。

B2 noun /ˈbæŋ.ɡəl/

Bangle

バングル

Meaning

a rigid bracelet or anklet worn as jewelry

Example

She wore beautiful gold bangles on her wrists.

彼女は腕に美しい金のバングルを着けていた。

A2 noun /bɪər/

beer

ビール

Meaning

An alcoholic drink made from yeast-fermented malt flavored with hops.

Example

He ordered a glass of cold beer at the bar.

彼はバーで冷たいビールを注文した。

A1 verb /steɪ/

stay

滞在

Meaning

to remain in the same place; to continue being

Example

Please stay here until I return.

どうぞ、私が戻るまでここにいてください。

C2 noun /ˌsuːdəʊəˈpɒsəl/

pseudapostle

偽使徒

Meaning

a false or pretended apostle

Example

The preacher was condemned as a pseudapostle.

その説教師は偽使徒として非難されました。

C2 adjective /dɪˈkrɛpɪt/

decrepit

老朽

Meaning

worn out or weakened by age or neglect

Example

The decrepit old house was on the verge of collapse.

その老朽化した家は崩壊寸前でした。

C2 adjective /ˈhæŋ.dɔːɡ/

hangdog

恥ずかしい

Meaning

looking or feeling ashamed, guilty, or defeated.

Example

He gave me a hangdog look after being caught lying.

彼は嘘をついて捕まった後、恥ずかしそうな顔をした。

B2 noun /ˈmoʊ.tɪv/

Motive

動機; 理由; 刺激

Meaning

a reason for doing something; what drives someone to act

Example

The police are investigating the motive for the crime.

警察は犯罪の動機を調査しています。

B2 noun /fɔːrt/

Fort

砦

Meaning

a strong building or group of buildings where soldiers live and defend

Example

The ancient fort stood on top of the hill for centuries.

古代のフォートは何世代にもわたって丘の上に立っていました。

B2 noun /ˈluː.nər ɪˈklɪps/

Lunar eclipse

月食

Meaning

an eclipse in which the moon appears darkened as it passes into the earth's shadow

Example

We watched the lunar eclipse from our backyard.

私たちは庭から月食を観察しました。

C2 verb /ˈstræɡəl/

straggle

不規則に動く

Meaning

To move or spread in an irregular, scattered, or untidy way.

Example

The children began to straggle behind on the long hike.

子供たちは長いハイキングで後れを取るようになった。

C1 noun /ˌfɪziˈɑːlədʒi/

physiology

生理学

Meaning

the scientific study of the functions and mechanisms in a living system

Example

She is majoring in human physiology at the university.

彼女は大学で人間の生理学を専攻しています。

A1 pronoun /ˈɛnɪθɪŋ/

anything

何でも

Meaning

any object, event, or matter; whatever thing

Example

You can ask me anything about the project.

プロジェクトについて何でも聞いてください。

C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzæktɪŋ/

exacting

厳格な

Meaning

demanding a lot of effort, attention, or precision

Example

She is known for her exacting standards in design.

彼女はデザインにおける厳格な基準で知られています。

B2 verb rɪˈzaɪn

resign

辞任する

Meaning

Voluntarily leave a job or other position.

Example

Ministers were forced to resign.

大臣たちは辞任を余儀なくされました。

C1 noun /ˈæmfɪˌθiətər/

amphitheater

円形劇場

Meaning

A large open circular or oval building with rising tiers of seats, used for public events.

Example

The concert was held in an ancient amphitheater.

コンサートは古代の円形劇場で行われました。

A1 adjective /bɪɡ/

big

大きい

Meaning

large in size, extent, or importance

Example

They moved into a big house with plenty of space.

彼らは広いスペースのある大きな家に引っ越しました。

B2 noun ˈskruːtɪni

scrutiny

詳細な調査

Meaning

Critical observation or examination

Example

The new law is under scrutiny by the legislative body.

新しい法律は立法機関による詳細な調査の下にあります。

C1 adjective, adverb (informal, vulgar) /ˈfʌkɪŋ/

fucking

クソ (強調のための卑猥な言葉)

Meaning

used for emphasis, often expressing anger or frustration (vulgar slang)

Example

It was a fucking disaster!

それはクソみたいな災害だった！

B1 noun flæɡz

flags

旗

Meaning

A piece of cloth or similar material, typically oblong or square, attachable by one edge to a pole or rope.

Example

The streets were decorated with national flags.

通りは国旗で飾られていました。

B2 noun /pledʒ/

Pledge

誓約; 約束; 保証;

Meaning

a solemn promise or undertaking; something given as security for a loan; a commitment or guarantee

Example

He made a pledge to donate money to charity.

彼はチャリティーにお金を寄付する誓約をした。

C2 adjective /ˌaɪdəˈlɑːtrɪəs/

idolatrious

偶像崇拝的な

Meaning

Excessively devoted or reverent towards idols or false gods.

Example

The ancient tribe was known for its idolatrious practices.

その古代の部族は偶像崇拝的な習慣で知られていました。

C1 exclamation /juˈriːkə/

eureka

ユーレカ!

Meaning

An exclamation used to express a sudden discovery or realization.

Example

When the solution finally came to him, he shouted, 'Eureka!'

解決策がついに彼に浮かんだとき、彼は叫んだ。 'ユーレカ!'

A1 adjective /fʊl/

full

満杯

Meaning

Containing as much or as many as possible; complete.

Example

The glass is full of water.

グラスは水で満杯です。

C1 verb /ˌaʊtˈstrɛtʃ/

outstretch

外に伸ばす

Meaning

To extend or stretch something outward.

Example

He outstretched his hand to help her up.

彼は彼女を助けるために手を差し出した。

C2 adjective /ˌɒbsəˈlɛsnt/

obsolescent

時代遅れの

Meaning

Becoming outdated or on the way to becoming obsolete.

Example

The obsolescent technology could not compete with modern devices.

時代遅れの技術は現代のデバイスには競争できなかった。

A2 adjective /ˈmɒdən/

modern

現代的

Meaning

relating to the present or recent times, not ancient or old-fashioned

Example

They live in a modern apartment with new facilities.

彼らは新しい設備のある現代的なアパートに住んでいます。

C2 noun /koʊˈæɡjələnt/

coagulant

凝固剤

Meaning

a substance that causes blood or another liquid to clot

Example

The doctor applied a coagulant to stop the bleeding quickly.

医者は出血をすぐに止めるために凝固剤を使いました。

C2 noun /hɜːrˈbɛəriəm/

herbarium

標本館

Meaning

A collection of preserved plant specimens and associated data used for scientific study.

Example

The university maintains a large herbarium for research and education.

大学は研究と教育のために大きな標本館を維持しています。

C1 noun /blɪs/

Bliss

完全な幸せ; 大きな喜び

Meaning

perfect happiness; great joy

Example

She felt pure bliss while watching the beautiful sunset.

彼女は美しい夕日を見ながら純粋な幸せを感じました。

B1 noun /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ.mənt/

engagement

参加, 関与

Meaning

The action of engaging or being engaged; participation or involvement.

Example

Social media engagement helps brands connect with their audience.

ソーシャルメディアでのエンゲージメントは、ブランドがオーディエンスとつながるのに役立ちます。

C1 adjective /ˈɡrændioʊs/

grandiose

壮大な

Meaning

Impressive or magnificent in appearance or style, often pretentiously so.

Example

He had grandiose plans of building a futuristic city in the desert.

彼は砂漠に未来的な都市を建設する壮大な計画を持っていました。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ/

imposing

威圧的な

Meaning

having an appearance that is grand, impressive, or commanding

Example

The castle is an imposing structure overlooking the valley.

その城は谷を見下ろす威圧的な構造です。

C1 noun /ˌhaɪ.roʊˈɡlɪf.ɪks/

hieroglyphics

ヒエログリフ

Meaning

a system of writing using pictures or symbols, used especially by ancient Egyptians

Example

The tomb walls were covered with Egyptian hieroglyphics.

墓の壁にはエジプトのヒエログリフが刻まれていた。

C1 verb /ˈdaʊn.pleɪ/

downplay

軽視する

Meaning

to make something seem less important than it really is

Example

The company tried to downplay the risks of the new product.

会社は新しい製品のリスクを軽視しようとしました。

Meaning

a framework, typically consisting of rafters, posts, and struts, supporting a roof, bridge, or other structure

Example

The engineer designed a strong truss for the new bridge.

C2 noun əˈkjuː.ə.ti

acuity

鋭敏さ

Meaning

Sharpness or keenness of thought, vision, or hearing.

Example

His intellectual acuity made him a brilliant scientist.

彼の知的な鋭敏さは彼を優れた科学者にしました。

A2 verb /dɪˈskʌs/

discuss

話し合う

Meaning

To talk about something with another person or group in detail.

Example

We need to discuss the project before finalizing it.

プロジェクトを最終決定する前に、それを話し合う必要があります。

B1 noun /kjuː/

Queue

列; 行列

Meaning

a line of people or things waiting for something; a sequence

Example

We had to wait in a long queue to buy tickets for the movie.

映画のチケットを買うために長い行列で待たなければなりませんでした。

C1 noun /əˈduː/

ado

騒ぎ / 不必要な活動

Meaning

a fuss or unnecessary activity; trouble or difficulty

Example

Without further ado, let’s begin the ceremony.

これ以上のアドなしで、式を始めましょう。

C2 adjective /ˌʌnrɪˈmɪtɪŋ/

unremitting

絶え間ない

Meaning

Never relaxing or stopping; persistent.

Example

Her unremitting efforts finally paid off.

彼女の絶え間ない努力は最終的に報われた。

C2 adjective /dɪˈluːsəri/

delusory

幻想的な

Meaning

Based on illusion; not real.

Example

He was filled with delusory hopes of becoming famous overnight.

彼は一夜にして有名になるという幻想的な希望に満ちていた。

C1 verb /ˈstɪɡmətaɪz/

stigmatize

スティグマタイズする

Meaning

to describe or regard someone as worthy of disgrace or disapproval

Example

People with certain illnesses are often unfairly stigmatized.

特定の病気の人々はしばしば不当な方法でスティグマタイズされる。

C2 verb /ɪnˈdɒktrɪˌneɪt/

indoctrinate

教義を押し付ける

Meaning

To teach someone to fully accept a set of beliefs or ideas without question.

Example

The regime tried to indoctrinate the youth with propaganda.

その政権は宣伝を通じて若者を洗脳しようとした。

B1 noun /feɪk/

Fake

偽物; 詐欺; 偽の物

Meaning

a thing that is not genuine; a forgery or sham

Example

The painting was discovered to be a fake worth very little money.

その絵画は偽物であると発見され、その価値は非常に低かった。

A2 noun /brɪdʒ/

Bridge

橋

Meaning

a structure carrying a road, path, railway, etc. across a river, road, or other obstacle

Example

The old stone bridge has connected the two towns for over a century.

古い石橋は1世紀以上にわたって二つの町を結びつけてきました。

C2 verb /ˈsʌli/

sully

汚す

Meaning

to damage the purity, integrity, or reputation of something

Example

The scandal sullied the politician’s reputation.

スキャンダルは政治家の評判を汚した。

C1 noun /ˈpiːɒn/

peon

ピオン

Meaning

a low-ranking worker, often performing menial tasks

Example

The office peon delivered the files to each department.

オフィスのピオンは各部署にファイルを届けました。

C1 noun /ˈrʌbəl/

rubble

瓦礫

Meaning

Broken stone, bricks, or debris from a collapsed building or structure.

Example

The rescue team searched through the rubble after the earthquake.

地震後、救助隊は瓦礫の中を探しました。

C2 adjective /ˈæfərənt/

afferent

求心

Meaning

carrying impulses toward a central organ or part, especially toward the brain or spinal cord

Example

Afferent nerves carry signals from the body to the brain.

求心神経は体から脳に信号を運びます。

A1 noun /bəˈnæn.ə/

Banana

バナナ

Meaning

a long curved fruit with yellow skin and soft sweet flesh

Example

Bananas are a good source of potassium.

バナナはカリウムの良い供給源です。

A2 adjective /ˈnɪəˌbaɪ/

nearby

近く

Meaning

close to a particular place or person

Example

The nearest gas station is nearby.

最寄りのガソリンスタンドは近くにあります。

B2 verb /fliː/

flee

逃げる

Meaning

To run away from danger or a threatening situation.

Example

The villagers had to flee during the flood.

村人たちは洪水の間に逃げなければなりませんでした。

C1 noun /ɪkˈstræv.ə.ɡəns/

Extravagance

過度の支出; 無駄遣い

Meaning

lack of restraint in spending money; excessive expense

Example

The wedding celebration was criticized for its unnecessary extravagance.

結婚式の祝賀は、その不必要な贅沢で批判されました。

C1 verb /ˈɪtəreɪt/

iterate

反復する

Meaning

To repeat a process or statement, often to improve or refine.

Example

The software team will iterate the design until it meets user needs.

ソフトウェアチームは、ユーザーのニーズを満たすまでデザインを繰り返します。

B2 noun /ˈprɛfəs/

preface

序文

Meaning

an introduction to a book, speech, or other written work

Example

The author explained his motivation in the preface.

著者は序文で自分の動機を説明しました。

B2 noun /ˈsʌb.sɪ.di/

subsidy

補助金

Meaning

Financial assistance provided by government to reduce costs of goods or services.

Example

The government provides a fuel subsidy to control prices.

政府は価格を抑制するために燃料補助金を提供しています。

B2 noun ˈɡloʊbəl kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃən

global collaboration

グローバル協力

Meaning

Cooperation and partnership between countries or organizations worldwide to address common challenges.

Example

Global collaboration is necessary to address climate change.

グローバル協力は気候変動に対処するために必要です。

C1 noun /poʊˈlær.ɪ.ti/

polarity

極性

Meaning

the state of having two opposite or contradictory tendencies, opinions, or aspects

Example

The polarity between the two political parties is growing stronger.

二つの政治党派の間の極性は強くなりつつあります。

C1 noun /ˌriːhəˌbɪlɪˈteɪʃən/

rehabilitation

幸福

Meaning

the process of restoring someone or something to health or normal life through training or therapy

Example

After the accident, he went through months of rehabilitation to walk again.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸福を隠せなかった。

A2 noun /ˈkʌp.bɔːrd/

Cupboard

食器棚

Meaning

a piece of furniture with doors and shelves for storing dishes, food, or clothes

Example

She stored all the plates and bowls in the kitchen cupboard.

彼女はすべての皿とボウルをキッチンのカップボードにしまいました。

C1 noun /iːl/

Eel

ウナギ

Meaning

a long, snake-like fish that lives in both fresh and salt water

Example

The electric eel can generate powerful electric shocks.

デンキウナギは強力な電気ショックを発生させることができます。

C2 noun /əˈmʊr/

amour

秘密の愛

Meaning

A secret or illicit love affair.

Example

The novel tells the story of a forbidden amour between two characters.

その小説は、二人の登場人物の間の禁じられたアムールの物語を語っています。

B1 noun /ˈbriːðɪŋ/

breathing

幸せ

Meaning

the process of taking air into and expelling it from the lungs.

Example

Deep breathing can help you relax.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せませんでした。

C2 noun /ˈɑːrtləsnəs/

artlessness

素朴さ, 自然さ

Meaning

The quality of being natural and simple without deceit or pretension.

Example

Her artlessness made her beloved by all.

彼女のartlessnessは、彼女をみんなに愛される存在にした。

Meaning

a learned person, especially a distinguished scientist or scholar; sometimes used in the phrase ‘savant syndrome’ for someone with exceptional abilities alongside developmental differences

Example

The conference keynote was delivered by a linguistic savant who studies endangered languages.

B2 adverb /ˈbrɔːdli/

broadly

広く

Meaning

in a general or wide manner.

Example

The rules are broadly similar across all regions.

ルールはすべての地域で大まかに似ています。

C2 adjective /kənˈvɜːrsənt/

conversant

熟知、精通

Meaning

familiar with or knowledgeable about something

Example

She is conversant with the latest developments in technology.

彼女は最新の技術の進展に精通しています。

B2 verb /ɪmˈbɒdi/

embody

具現化する

Meaning

To give tangible or visible form to an idea, quality, or feeling.

Example

She embodies the spirit of generosity.

彼女は寛大さの精神を体現しています。

C2 adjective /ˈfer.əs/

ferrous

鉄を含む

Meaning

containing or consisting of iron

Example

Ferrous metals are commonly used in construction.

鉄を含む金属は建設でよく使用されます。

B1 preposition, adverb, adjective /ˌʌndərˈniːθ/

underneath

下に、下側に

Meaning

Located directly below or beneath something

Example

The keys were hidden underneath the pile of papers.

鍵は紙の山の下に隠されていました。

B1 noun /ˈdʒuː.ni.ər/

Junior

ジュニア; 初心者; 下位

Meaning

a person who is younger or lower in rank than someone else; relating to young people

Example

The junior employee was eager to learn from senior colleagues.

ジュニア社員はシニアの同僚から学びたがっていました。

A1 adjective (superlative) /ˈɡreɪ.tɪst/

greatest

最も偉大

Meaning

The highest degree of greatness; the most outstanding or important.

Example

He is considered one of the greatest leaders of all time.

彼は全時代で最も偉大なリーダーの一人と考えられています。

C1 adjective /ʃrɪl/

shrill

鋭い音

Meaning

High-pitched and piercing in sound.

Example

The shrill whistle startled everyone in the room.

鋭い口笛の音が部屋の中の全員を驚かせた。

C2 adjective /ˈtaɪmwɔːrn/

timeworn

時間によって擦り切れた

Meaning

Worn or impaired by age; old and used many times.

Example

The timeworn house carried a sense of history and nostalgia.

時間によって擦り切れた家は、歴史と郷愁を感じさせた。

B2 noun /ˈækjərəsi/

Accuracy

正確さ; 精度

Meaning

the quality of being correct or precise; exactness

Example

The accuracy of the measurements is very important.

測定の正確さは非常に重要です。

C2 adjective /əˈprəʊ.bri.əs/

opprobrious

侮辱的な

Meaning

Expressing strong criticism or scorn.

Example

He made opprobrious remarks about his opponent.

彼は対戦相手に対して侮辱的な発言をしました。

Meaning

Designed to be useful or practical rather than attractive; relating to the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.

Example

The building had a simple utilitarian design.

B2 adjective /ˌʌndɪˈveləpt/

Undeveloped

未開発; 未成熟; 原始的

Meaning

not yet developed; immature or primitive

Example

The undeveloped land was later turned into a park.

未開発の土地は後に公園に変わりました。

B2 noun /ˈmɔːr.nɪŋ/

Mourning

喪

Meaning

the expression of deep sorrow for someone who has died

Example

The family is in mourning for their grandmother.

家族は祖母を喪に服している。

C2 adjective /ˌoʊdəˈrɪfərəs/

odoriferous

芳香のある

Meaning

having or giving off a smell, especially a strong or pleasant one

Example

The garden was filled with odoriferous flowers.

庭は芳香のある花でいっぱいでした。

C1 adjective /ˈtæntəmaʊnt/

tantamount

同等

Meaning

Equivalent in seriousness or effect; virtually the same as.

Example

His refusal to speak was tantamount to an admission of guilt.

彼の話さないことは罪を認めることと同等だった。

A2 noun /ˈpʌp.i/

Puppy

子犬

Meaning

a young dog

Example

The puppy wagged its tail when it saw its owner.

子犬は尾を振った、飼い主を見たとき。

B2 noun /tɒŋz/

Tongs

トング

Meaning

a tool consisting of two movable arms that are joined at one end, used for picking up and holding things

Example

Use the tongs to pick up the hot pieces of meat from the grill.

グリルから熱い肉片をつかむためにトングを使います。

B2 verb /ˈpiːtər/

peter

次第に弱まる

Meaning

to diminish gradually and come to an end; to fade or dwindle away

Example

The excitement of the event began to peter out after a few hours.

イベントの興奮は数時間後に次第に収束し始めた。

B2 noun /piːk/

Peak

頂上

Meaning

the highest point of a mountain or hill; the maximum level or intensity

Example

The climbers reached the peak of Mount Everest.

登山者たちはエベレスト山の頂上に到達した。

B1 noun /ˈeə.rə.pleɪn/

Aeroplane

飛行機

Meaning

a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings and a weight greater than that of the air it displaces

Example

The aeroplane took off smoothly from the airport runway.

飛行機は空港の滑走路から滑らかに離陸した。

B1 noun /pɑːm/

Palm

ヤシの木

Meaning

a tropical tree with fan-shaped leaves; fruit of the palm tree

Example

The palm tree produces sweet fruit that we enjoy eating.

ヤシの木は私たちが食べるのが好きな甘い果物を生産します。