saturation
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN Anglais BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Espagnol FR Français DE Allemand RU Russe ZH Chinois JA Japonais
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C1 noun ˌsætʃəˈreɪʃən

saturation

saturation
Meaning
The state of being saturated; the degree or extent to which something is dissolved or absorbed
Example
The saturation of the market with similar products reduced sales.
La saturation du marché avec des produits similaires a réduit les ventes.
C1 adjective /ˈspɛktrəl/

spectral

spectral
Meaning
Relating to a ghost or specter; ghostly. Also relating to a spectrum.
Example
The old mansion had a spectral atmosphere at night.
Le vieux manoir avait une atmosphère spectrale la nuit.
C1 /skwɒt/

squat

s'accroupir
Meaning
to crouch or sit with knees bent and body close to the ground
Example
He squatted down to tie his shoes.
Il s'est accroupi pour lacer ses chaussures.
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrpənˌtiːn/

serpentine

serpentin
Meaning
Having the shape, movement, or qualities of a serpent; winding or twisting.
Example
The road took a serpentine path through the mountains.
La route suivait un chemin serpentin à travers les montagnes.
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrli/

surly

grognon
Meaning
bad-tempered and unfriendly
Example
The waiter gave us a surly look when we asked for more water.
Le serveur nous a lancé un regard grognon lorsque nous avons demandé plus d'eau.
C1 noun /ˈʃæmbəlz/

shambles

désordre total
Meaning
a state of complete disorder or ruin
Example
After the storm, the whole town was in shambles.
Après la tempête, toute la ville était en désordre total.
C1 adjective skiˈmæt.ɪk

Schematic

relatif à un schéma ou bref
Meaning
Presenting some framework or concept briefly
Example
The engineer provided a schematic diagram of the project.
L'ingénieur a fourni un diagramme schématique du projet.
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪkəl/

satirical

satirique
Meaning
containing or using satire to criticize or mock
Example
The satirical cartoon mocked the government's new policy.
Le dessin satirique se moquait de la nouvelle politique du gouvernement.
C1 adjective /ˈsted.fæst/

Steadfast

ferme; déterminé; inébranlable
Meaning
firm in belief, determination, or adherence; unwavering
Example
She remained steadfast in her commitment to helping the poor.
Elle est restée ferme dans son engagement à aider les pauvres.
C1 noun /ˈskæf.əld/

Scaffold

échafaud
Meaning
a temporary structure used by workers to stand on when building or repairing something high; a platform for execution
Example
The workers erected a scaffold to paint the building's exterior.
Les ouvriers ont érigé un échafaud pour peindre l'extérieur du bâtiment.
C1 noun, verb /ˈskʌf.əl/

scuffle

bagarre
Meaning
a short, confused fight or struggle; to engage in such a fight
Example
Two players scuffled on the field after the foul.
Deux joueurs se sont battus sur le terrain après la faute.
C1 noun /stɑːr ˈæn.ɪs/

Star Anise

anis étoilé
Meaning
star-shaped spice pod with a licorice-like flavor used in cooking
Example
She added star anise to the soup for aromatic flavor.
Elle a ajouté de l'anis étoilé à la soupe pour un goût aromatique.
C1 noun /ˌsɛlf ɪnˈdʌldʒəns/

self-indulgence

auto-indulgence
Meaning
The act of allowing oneself to enjoy pleasures or desires excessively.
Example
His weekend of self-indulgence included eating sweets and watching movies nonstop.
Son week-end d'auto-indulgence comprenait manger des bonbons et regarder des films sans arrêt.
C1 adjective /ˈstɪltɪd/

stilted

artificiel, forcé
Meaning
Speech or writing that is stiff, unnatural, or overly formal.
Example
His speech sounded stilted and rehearsed.
Son discours semblait forcé et préparé.
C1 noun /səˈrɛn.ɪ.ti/

serenity

sérénité
Meaning
The state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.
Example
Meditation helps in achieving inner serenity.
La méditation aide à atteindre la sérénité intérieure.
C1 noun /səˈnɑːtə/

sonata

composition musicale (sonate)
Meaning
A musical composition for one or more instruments, typically in several movements.
Example
She performed a beautiful Beethoven sonata on the piano.
Elle a joué une magnifique sonate de Beethoven au piano.
C1 noun /ˈsaɪd.laɪn dɪˈskʌʃənz/

sideline discussions

discussions secondaires
Meaning
Informal or secondary conversations that occur outside the main agenda of a formal meeting.
Example
Sideline discussions often lead to agreements.
Les discussions secondaires mènent souvent à des accords.
C1 noun /ˈskævɪndʒər/

scavenger

charognard / collecteur de déchets
Meaning
an animal or person that feeds on dead or discarded material
Example
Vultures are natural scavengers that clean up the environment.
Les vautours sont des scavengers naturels qui nettoient l'environnement.
C1 adjective /ˈskɔːrnfəl/

Scornful

méprisant
Meaning
showing contempt or disdain; expressing scorn
Example
She gave him a scornful look when he made the rude comment.
Elle lui a lancé un regard méprisant quand il a fait le commentaire grossier.
C1 noun /ʃɑːrd/

shard

éclat
Meaning
a broken piece of glass, metal, or pottery
Example
He cut his finger on a shard of glass.
Il s'est coupé le doigt avec un éclat de verre.
C1 noun /ˈstæl.i.ən/

stallion

étalon pour la reproduction
Meaning
An adult male horse that is not castrated, often used for breeding.
Example
The farm owns a powerful stallion for breeding purposes.
La ferme possède un puissant étalon pour la reproduction.
C1 noun /ˈsɪk.əl/

Sickle

faucille
Meaning
a tool with a curved metal blade and short handle used for cutting grain crops
Example
The farmer harvested wheat using a traditional sickle.
Le fermier a récolté du blé en utilisant une faucille traditionnelle.
C1 noun /ˈswiːt.miːt/

Sweetmeat

confiserie
Meaning
a small piece of confectionery or candy; a sweet delicacy
Example
The children enjoyed the traditional sweetmeats during the festival.
Les enfants ont apprécié les sucreries traditionnelles pendant le festival.
C1 adjective/verb /ˈsiːzənd/

seasoned

expérimenté / assaisonné
Meaning
Experienced in a particular activity; also, flavored with spices.
Example
She is a seasoned teacher with over 20 years of experience.
Elle est une enseignante expérimentée avec plus de 20 ans d'expérience.
C1 noun ˈsɛlfləsnɪs

selflessness

altruisme
Meaning
The quality of being concerned more with the needs of others than with one's own.
Example
Selflessness is a key value for community building.
L'altruisme est une valeur clé pour la construction de la communauté.
C1 noun ˌsʌb.sɪ.dɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

subsidization

subvention
Meaning
Financial assistance provided by government to make certain goods or services more affordable.
Example
Subsidization of agriculture helps farmers maintain crop production.
La subvention à l'agriculture aide les agriculteurs à maintenir la production des récoltes.
C1 verb /siːð/

seethe

bouillir de colère
Meaning
To be filled with intense but unexpressed anger or agitation.
Example
She was seething with anger after the unfair decision.
Elle bouillait de colère après la décision injuste.
C1 noun /ˈsɔːrsəri/

sorcery

sorcellerie
Meaning
the use of magical powers, especially through spells and enchantments
Example
The villagers believed the illness was caused by sorcery.
Les villageois croyaient que la maladie était causée par la sorcellerie.
C1 noun /səˈprɑːnoʊ/

soprano

la voix féminine ou enfantine la plus haute
Meaning
the highest female or boy’s singing voice
Example
She sang beautifully in the soprano range during the concert.
Elle a chanté magnifiquement dans la gamme soprano pendant le concert.
C1 verb /ˈsætʃəˌreɪt/

saturate

saturer
Meaning
to fill completely with something until no more can be absorbed
Example
The heavy rain saturated the ground within minutes.
La forte pluie a saturé le sol en quelques minutes.
C1 adjective /ˈsaɪt.ləs/

Sightless

aveugle; sans vision
Meaning
unable to see; blind; lacking vision
Example
The sightless man navigated the street with his guide dog.
L'homme aveugle a navigué dans la rue avec son chien-guide.
C1 noun /ˌsəʊʃəˈbɪləti/

sociability

sociabilité
Meaning
The quality or state of being sociable; friendliness.
Example
Her sociability made her popular in the office.
Sa sociabilité l'a rendue populaire au bureau.
C1 verb /səˈlɪsɪt/

solicit

solliciter
Meaning
to ask for or try to obtain something from someone
Example
The charity is soliciting donations for flood victims.
La charité sollicite des dons pour les victimes des inondations.
C1 adjective /ˈspel.baʊnd/

Spellbound

fasciné; envoûté
Meaning
completely fascinated and unable to move or think about anything else; enchanted
Example
The children sat spellbound as the magician performed his tricks.
Les enfants sont restés fascinés tandis que le magicien faisait ses tours.
C1 noun /stæɡˈneɪ.ʃən/

stagnation

stagnation
Meaning
A state of inactivity or lack of growth, especially in an economy.
Example
High unemployment led to economic stagnation.
Le chômage élevé a conduit à une stagnation économique.
C1 noun /ʃeɪl/

shale

schiste
Meaning
a fine-grained sedimentary rock that can be split into thin layers
Example
The region is rich in shale and natural gas deposits.
La région est riche en schiste et en dépôts de gaz naturel.
C1 noun /ˈskælpəl/

scalpel

scalpel
Meaning
A small and extremely sharp bladed instrument used for surgery and dissection.
Example
The surgeon carefully used a scalpel to make the first incision.
Le chirurgien a soigneusement utilisé un scalpel pour faire la première incision.
C1 adjective /swɑːv/

suave

charmant et raffiné
Meaning
charming, confident, and elegant, often in a smooth or polished way
Example
He was a suave gentleman who impressed everyone at the party.
Il était un homme raffiné qui a impressionné tout le monde à la fête.
C1 adjective ˈsɛd(ə)ntəri

sedentary

sédentaire
Meaning
Characterized by much sitting and little physical activity.
Example
A sedentary lifestyle can lead to numerous health problems.
Un mode de vie sédentaire peut entraîner de nombreux problèmes de santé.
C1 verb /ˈseɪ.vər/

savor

savourer pleinement
Meaning
To enjoy something completely, especially by dwelling on it.
Example
He savored every bite of the delicious cake.
Il savoura chaque bouchée du délicieux gâteau.
C1 adjective /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nəl/

seminal

bonheur
Meaning
Strongly influencing later developments; highly original and influential.
Example
His seminal book changed the course of modern philosophy.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 adjective /seɪdʒ/

Sage

sage; prudent; ayant bon jugement
Meaning
wise; showing wisdom from experience; prudent; having good judgment
Example
The sage advice from the elder helped solve the problem.
Le sage conseil de l'aîné a aidé à résoudre le problème.
C1 verb /splaɪs/

splice

joindre
Meaning
to join two pieces of rope, film, or other material by weaving or attaching them together
Example
The technician spliced the two wires to restore the connection.
Le technicien a joint les deux fils pour restaurer la connexion.
C1 noun /ˈstɛə.rɪ.əʊˌtaɪ.pɪŋ/

stereotyping

stéréotype
Meaning
A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
Example
Stereotyping people based on their race is harmful.
Stéréotyper les gens en fonction de leur race est nuisible.
C1 verb /səbˈsaɪd/

subside

diminuer
Meaning
to become less intense, violent, or severe; to sink or fall to a lower level
Example
After the storm, the floodwaters began to subside.
Après la tempête, les eaux de l'inondation ont commencé à diminuer.
C1 noun /ˈsaɪ.ən/

scion

descendant
Meaning
a descendant of a wealthy, aristocratic, or influential family
Example
He is the scion of a wealthy industrialist family.
Il est le descendant d'une famille d'industriels riches.
C1 noun /səˈbætɪkəl/

sabbatical

période de congé pour études ou voyages
Meaning
A period of paid leave granted to a teacher or worker for study or travel, traditionally every seventh year.
Example
She took a sabbatical to research her new book.
Elle a pris un congé sabbatique pour rechercher son nouveau livre.
C1 noun /ˈseɪɑːns/

seance

séance
Meaning
A meeting where people attempt to communicate with the spirits of the dead.
Example
They held a seance to contact their late grandmother.
Ils ont organisé une séance pour contacter leur grand-mère décédée.
C1 adjective /ˈstɒdʒi/

stodgy

lourd, vieilli
Meaning
Dull, uninspired, or old-fashioned; also heavy and hard to digest when referring to food.
Example
The lecture was so stodgy that many students struggled to stay awake.
La conférence était si lourde que de nombreux étudiants ont eu du mal à rester éveillés.
C1 adjective /ˌsækrɪˈfɪʃəl/

sacrificial

sacrificiel
Meaning
Relating to or involving sacrifice.
Example
The lamb was used as a sacrificial offering in the ritual.
L'agneau a été utilisé comme offrande sacrificielle dans le rituel.
C1 verb /ˈʃʌdər/

shudder

frissonner
Meaning
to tremble or shake suddenly, often due to fear, cold, or strong emotion
Example
She shuddered at the thought of walking alone in the dark forest.
Elle frissonna à l'idée de marcher seule dans la forêt sombre.
C1 verb /ˈstaɪfl/

stifle

réprimer
Meaning
to prevent or restrain an action, idea, or emotion; to suffocate
Example
She tried to stifle a laugh during the serious meeting.
Elle a essayé de réprimer un rire pendant la réunion sérieuse.
C1 adjective ˌsəʊsɪəʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl

sociopolitical

sociopolitique
Meaning
Combining social and political factors.
Example
Sociopolitical factors often influence public policy decisions.
Les facteurs sociopolitiques influencent souvent les décisions de politique publique.
C1 adjective /ˈsɔːsi/

saucy

effronté
Meaning
Boldly rude, cheeky, or playfully disrespectful.
Example
The child gave a saucy reply to his teacher.
L'enfant a donné une réponse effrontée à son professeur.
C1 adjective ˈsɒvrɪn

sovereign

souverain, suprême
Meaning
Possessing supreme or ultimate power; independent.
Example
The sovereign government has control over its currency.
Le gouvernement souverain a le contrôle de sa monnaie.
C1 verb /smɛlt/

smelt

fondre
Meaning
to extract metal from its ore by heating and melting
Example
The workers smelt iron from its ore in the factory.
Les travailleurs fondent du fer de son minerai dans l'usine.
C1 noun /swiːt.laɪm/

Sweetlime

citron doux
Meaning
a citrus fruit that is sweeter and less acidic than regular lime
Example
The sweetlime juice was refreshing on a hot day.
Le jus de citron doux était rafraîchissant lors d'une journée chaude.
C1 noun /sɪˈtɑːr/

Sitar

sitar
Meaning
a traditional Indian stringed musical instrument with a long neck and resonating body
Example
The sitar creates beautiful ragas in Indian classical music.
Le sitar crée de magnifiques ragas dans la musique classique indienne.
C1 adjective /ˈsɔːrdɪd/

sordid

sordide
Meaning
involving immoral or dishonorable actions; dirty or unpleasant
Example
The newspaper exposed the politician's sordid past.
Le journal a exposé le passé sordide du politicien.
C1 adjective səˈblaɪm

sublime

sublime, magnifique, majestueux
Meaning
Of such excellence, grandeur, or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe.
Example
The sublime beauty of the mountain landscape took my breath away.
La beauté sublime du paysage montagneux m'a coupé le souffle.
C1 adjective /ˈsiː.naɪl/

senile

faiblesse liée à la vieillesse
Meaning
Showing the weaknesses of old age, especially mental decline.
Example
The old man became senile and forgot familiar faces.
Le vieil homme est devenu sénile et a oublié des visages familiers.
C1 adjective /ˈstrɪndʒənt/

stringent

strict
Meaning
strict, precise, and exacting
Example
The government imposed stringent measures during the crisis.
Le gouvernement a imposé des mesures strictes pendant la crise.
C1 noun /ˈsɛpərətɪst/

separatist

séparatiste
Meaning
A person who supports the separation of a group from a larger body, often for political or cultural independence.
Example
The separatist group demanded independence from the central government.
Le groupe séparatiste a exigé l'indépendance du gouvernement central.
C1 noun /ˈsæf.aɪər/

Saphire

saphir
Meaning
a precious stone that is typically blue in color
Example
The royal crown was adorned with a large sapphire.
La couronne royale était ornée d'un grand saphir.
C1 adjective /ˈswoʊlən/

swollen

enflé
Meaning
Enlarged or puffed up, usually due to injury, inflammation, or fluid accumulation
Example
Her ankle was swollen after she twisted it during the hike.
Sa cheville était enflée après s'être foulée pendant la randonnée.
C1 noun /sɪˈsɛʃən/

secession

sécession
Meaning
The action of formally withdrawing from membership of a federation or body.
Example
The secession of the southern states led to the Civil War.
La sécession des états du sud a conduit à la guerre civile.
C1 noun/verb /spuːf/

spoof

imitation humoristique
Meaning
A humorous imitation of something, or to trick or parody someone or something.
Example
The comedian spoofed the politician’s speech to entertain the audience.
Le comédien a parodié le discours du politicien pour divertir le public.
C1 noun /ˌsɛnsɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən/

sensitization

sensibilisation
Meaning
The process of becoming sensitive to a substance, situation, or influence.
Example
The doctor warned about the sensitization caused by repeated exposure to chemicals.
Le médecin a averti de la sensibilisation causée par une exposition répétée aux produits chimiques.
C1 noun /stɪnt/

stint

période temporaire
Meaning
a period of time spent doing a particular job or activity
Example
She did a short stint as a teacher before moving abroad.
Elle a fait un court passage en tant qu'enseignante avant de partir à l'étranger.
C1 noun /ˈsɒnɪt/

sonnet

sonnet
Meaning
A poem of 14 lines using formal rhyme schemes, often about love.
Example
Shakespeare wrote many famous sonnets about love and beauty.
Shakespeare a écrit de nombreux sonnets célèbres sur l'amour et la beauté.
C1 adjective /ˈsteɪtli/

stately

majestueux et digne
Meaning
Having a dignified, majestic, and impressive appearance or manner.
Example
The stately mansion stood at the end of the long driveway.
Le manoir majestueux se tenait à l'extrémité de l'allée.
C1 verb /ˈsmoʊldər/

smolder

fumer lentement
Meaning
to burn slowly with smoke but no flame; to show suppressed anger or emotion
Example
The fire smoldered for hours before it went out.
Le feu a fumé lentement pendant des heures avant de s'éteindre.
C1 noun ˈsɒv.rɪn.ti

sovereignty

souveraineté
Meaning
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; supreme power or authority.
Example
Sovereignty is essential for a nation's identity.
La souveraineté est essentielle pour l'identité d'une nation.
C1 noun স্ক্রোলিং অ্যাডিকশন

scrolling addiction

dépendance au défilement
Meaning
A compulsive need to continuously scroll through content on digital devices, particularly smartphones and social media platforms.
Example
Scrolling addiction is a growing concern among smartphone users.
La dépendance au défilement est une préoccupation croissante parmi les utilisateurs de smartphones.
C1 adjective /ˈsɒljʊbəl/

soluble

soluble
Meaning
able to be dissolved, especially in water
Example
Sugar is soluble in water.
Le sucre est soluble dans l'eau.
C1 noun /ˈskeɪp.ɡəʊt/

Scapegoat

bouc émissaire
Meaning
a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others
Example
He became the scapegoat for the team's poor performance.
Il est devenu le bouc émissaire des mauvaises performances de l'équipe.
C1 adjective /ˈsæk.rəˌsæŋkt/

sacrosanct

sacré
Meaning
Regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with; sacred.
Example
Freedom of speech is considered sacrosanct in democratic societies.
La liberté d'expression est considérée comme sacrée dans les sociétés démocratiques.
C1 noun /səˈlaɪ.və/

Saliva

salive
Meaning
the watery liquid secreted into the mouth by glands
Example
The dentist asked her to rinse the saliva from her mouth.
Le dentiste lui a demandé de rincer la salive de sa bouche.
C1 noun /slæɡ/

slag

scories
Meaning
Stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting process.
Example
The factory dumped the slag near the river.
L'usine a déversé les scories près de la rivière.
C1 noun /ˈsɜːrmən/

sermon

sermon
Meaning
A religious discourse delivered by a preacher, often offering moral instruction or spiritual guidance.
Example
The pastor gave a moving sermon about compassion and forgiveness.
Le pasteur a donné un sermon émouvant sur la compassion et le pardon.
C1 adjective /səbˈmɪs.ɪv/

Submissive

soumis; obéissant; humble
Meaning
ready to obey others; yielding to authority; humble and compliant
Example
She became submissive after years of harsh treatment.
Elle est devenue soumise après des années de traitement sévère.
C1 noun /ˈskep.tɪ.sɪ.zəm/

skepticism

scepticisme, doute
Meaning
A skeptical attitude; doubt as to the truth of something.
Example
His skepticism about new technology often makes him resistant to change.
Son scepticisme à propos de la nouvelle technologie le rend souvent résistant au changement.
C1 adjective /ˈsliːzi/

sleazy

bas, sale ou de mauvaise qualité
Meaning
morally low, dirty, or cheap in quality
Example
He avoided the sleazy nightclub downtown.
Il a évité le club de nuit sordide en centre-ville.
C1 verb /ˈʃɪmər/

shimmer

scintiller
Meaning
To shine with a soft, wavering light.
Example
The lake shimmered under the moonlight.
Le lac scintillait sous la lumière de la lune.
C1 noun /stɪˈlɛtoʊ/

stiletto

chaussure à talon aigu / poignard
Meaning
A small, thin, high-heeled shoe or a dagger with a slender blade.
Example
She wore elegant stiletto heels to the party.
Elle portait des talons stiletto élégants à la fête.
C1 noun /ˈsʌn.stroʊk/

Sunstroke

coup de chaleur
Meaning
a serious condition caused by overheating from prolonged exposure to high temperatures
Example
The worker suffered from sunstroke after working outside all day.
Le travailleur a souffert d'un coup de chaleur après avoir travaillé dehors toute la journée.
C1 noun /ˌsɒl.jʊˈbɪləti/

solubility

solubilité
Meaning
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
Example
The solubility of salt in water is high.
La solubilité du sel dans l'eau est élevée.
C1 adjective /ˈsiː.di/

Seedy

plein de graines; sale et dégradant; en mauvais état
Meaning
squalid and disreputable; shabby and run-down; full of seeds
Example
They avoided walking through the seedy part of town at night.
Ils évitaient de marcher dans la partie sale et dégradante de la ville la nuit.
C1 noun /ˈskaʊndrəl/

scoundrel

scélérat
Meaning
a dishonest or unscrupulous person; a villain
Example
That scoundrel cheated the old man out of his savings.
Ce scélérat a trompé le vieux monsieur et lui a volé ses économies.
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪk/

satiric

satirique
Meaning
Relating to or using satire.
Example
The novel takes a satiric view of urban life.
Le roman adopte un point de vue satirique sur la vie urbaine.
C1 adjective /sɛkˈtɛəriən/

sectarian

sectaire
Meaning
relating to or characterized by the differences between sects, often leading to conflict
Example
The region has been troubled by sectarian violence for decades.
La région a été troublée par la violence sectaire pendant des décennies.
C1 verb /ˈstoʊnwɔːl/

stonewall

entraver
Meaning
To delay or block progress by refusing to cooperate or answer
Example
The witness tried to stonewall during the investigation.
Le témoin a essayé de faire du stonewall lors de l'enquête.
C1 adjective /ˈsɛnʃuəl/

sensual

sensuel
Meaning
Relating to or involving gratification of the senses and physical pleasure.
Example
The painting had a sensual quality that captivated viewers.
La peinture avait une qualité sensuelle qui captivait les spectateurs.
C1 noun /səˈbraɪəti/

sobriety

sobriété
Meaning
the state of being sober; self-restraint and seriousness
Example
He has maintained his sobriety for five years.
Il a maintenu sa sobriété pendant cinq ans.
C1 verb /sɪˈkriːt/

secrete

sécréter
Meaning
to produce and release a substance from a cell, gland, or organ
Example
The pancreas secretes insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.
Le pancréas sécrète de l'insuline pour réguler le taux de sucre dans le sang.
C1 noun/verb /snɛər/

snare

piège
Meaning
a trap for catching animals; to catch or trap
Example
The hunter set a snare to catch rabbits.
Le chasseur a mis un piège pour attraper des lapins.
C1 noun səˈsteɪnəbəl ˈpræktɪsɪz

sustainable practices

pratiques durables
Meaning
Methods and activities that can be maintained over time without depleting natural resources or harming the environment.
Example
Sustainable practices are vital for environmental preservation.
Les pratiques durables sont essentielles pour la préservation de l'environnement.
C1 adjective /ˈskeɪ.li/

Scaly

écailleux
Meaning
covered with scales; having a rough surface like scales
Example
The fish has scaly skin.
Le poisson a une peau écailleuse.
C1 verb /skrɔːl/

scrawl

écrire rapidement et négligemment
Meaning
to write or draw something quickly and carelessly, making it hard to read
Example
He scrawled his signature at the bottom of the page.
Il a griffonné sa signature au bas de la page.
C1 verb /ˈsnɪkər/

snicker

rire discrètement
Meaning
to laugh quietly in a disrespectful or mocking way
Example
The students snickered when the teacher made a mistake.
Les étudiants ont ri discrètement lorsque le professeur a fait une erreur.
C1 verb /snɪər/

sneer

sourire de façon moqueuse
Meaning
to smile or speak in a mocking or contemptuous way
Example
She sneered at his attempt to sing.
Elle se moquait de sa tentative de chanter.
C1 noun /ˈstaɪləs/

stylus

stylet
Meaning
a small tool used for writing, drawing, or touching screens
Example
She used a stylus to draw on her tablet.
Elle a utilisé un stylet pour dessiner sur sa tablette.
C1 adjective /spəˈrædɪk/

sporadic

sporadique
Meaning
Occurring irregularly or in scattered instances rather than continuously.
Example
The region experienced sporadic rain showers throughout the week.
La région a connu des averses sporadiques tout au long de la semaine.
C1 noun /ˈsteɪl.meɪt/

stalemate

impasse
Meaning
A situation in which no progress can be made or no party can win.
Example
Negotiations ended in a stalemate.
Les négociations se sont terminées par un impasse.
C1 noun, verb /səˈpiːnə/

subpoena

citation judiciaire
Meaning
a legal document ordering someone to attend court; to summon someone with such a document
Example
The witness received a subpoena to appear in court next week.
Le témoin a reçu une citation judiciaire pour comparaître au tribunal la semaine prochaine.
C1 noun /siˈɛrə klʌb/

Sierra Club

Sierra Club
Meaning
An American environmental organization founded in 1892 by John Muir, focused on promoting conservation of the natural environment by influencing public policy decisions.
Example
John Muir founded the Sierra Club in 1892 to protect wild areas.
John Muir a fondé le Sierra Club en 1892 pour protéger les zones sauvages.
C1 verb /ˈstaɪfəld/

stifled

étouffer
Meaning
to suppress, hold back, or prevent something from happening
Example
He stifled a laugh during the serious meeting.
Il a étouffé un rire pendant la réunion sérieuse.
C1 adjective, verb /sɪˈdeɪt/

sedate

sédater
Meaning
calm, quiet, and composed; or to administer a drug to make someone calm or sleep
Example
The nurse sedated the patient before the operation.
L'infirmière a sédaté le patient avant l'opération.
C1 noun /skwɔːl/

squall

rafale
Meaning
a sudden violent gust of wind, often accompanied by rain, snow, or sleet
Example
A sudden squall caught the sailors off guard.
Une rafale soudaine a surpris les marins.
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrvɪsəbl/

serviceable

utilisable
Meaning
fit for use; usable; in working order
Example
The old bicycle is still serviceable despite its age.
Le vieux vélo est encore utilisable malgré son âge.
C1 noun /səˈprɛʃən/

suppression

suppression
Meaning
the act of forcibly stopping something or holding back feelings or actions
Example
The suppression of free speech led to protests.
La suppression de la liberté d'expression a conduit à des manifestations.
C1 noun /ˈskruːpəl/

scruple

scrupule
Meaning
A moral or ethical consideration that restrains actions.
Example
He had no scruples about lying to get ahead.
Il n'avait aucun scrupule à mentir pour avancer.
C1 noun /ˈsɪləbəl/

syllable

syllabe
Meaning
A unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or part of a word.
Example
The word 'computer' has three syllables.
Le mot 'ordinateur' a trois syllabes.
C1 adjective /stiːpt/

steeped

imprégné
Meaning
Completely surrounded by or filled with a particular quality, influence, or experience.
Example
The town is steeped in history and tradition.
La ville est imprégnée d'histoire et de tradition.
C1 /ʃrɛd/

shred

déchiqueter
Meaning
to tear or cut something into small pieces
Example
She shredded the old documents before throwing them away.
Elle a déchiqueté les vieux documents avant de les jeter.
C1 adjective /ˈsʌlən/

sullen

maussade
Meaning
bad-tempered and gloomy; silently resentful
Example
She gave him a sullen look and walked away.
Elle lui lança un regard maussade et s'éloigna.
C1 noun /ˈskwɒtər/

squatter

squatteur
Meaning
a person who unlawfully occupies an uninhabited building or unused land
Example
The police removed the squatters from the abandoned house.
La police a expulsé les squatteurs de la maison abandonnée.
C1 noun /ˈspaɪər/

spire

flèche
Meaning
a tall, pointed structure on top of a building, especially a church
Example
The church spire could be seen from miles away.
La flèche de l'église était visible de loin.
C1 noun /ˈʃʊɡ.ər ˈkæn.di/

Sugar candy

bonbon de sucre
Meaning
crystallized sugar formed into small pieces; rock candy made from sugar syrup
Example
The children enjoyed eating colorful sugar candy at the festival.
Les enfants ont adoré manger des bonbons sucrés colorés lors du festival.
C1 adjective ˌsʌbˈlɪm.ɪ.nəl

subliminal

existant ou opérant sous le seuil de la conscience, perçu ou affectant l'esprit de quelqu'un sans qu'il en soit conscient
Meaning
Existing or operating below the threshold of consciousness; perceived by or affecting someone's mind without their being aware of it.
Example
Advertisements often have subliminal messages.
Les publicités contiennent souvent des messages subliminaux.
C1 verb sɪˈkwɛstər

sequester

isoler, cacher
Meaning
To isolate or hide away.
Example
The carbon captured by trees can be sequestered for years.
Le carbone capturé par les arbres peut être isolé pendant des années.