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C1 verb /proʊˈtrækt/

protract

prolonger
Meaning
To prolong or extend in time or duration.
Example
Negotiations were protracted for several months.
Les négociations ont été prolongées pendant plusieurs mois.
C2 noun /pɪˈdɒl.ə.dʒi/

pedology

science des sols
Meaning
The study of soils in their natural environment.
Example
Pedology helps scientists understand soil fertility.
La pédologie aide les scientifiques à comprendre la fertilité du sol.
B2 noun ˈkæp.ɪ.təl.ɪ.zəm

capitalism

capitalisme
Meaning
An economic system where trade, industry and production are privately owned and operated for profit.
Example
Capitalism encourages innovation and competition.
Le capitalisme favorise l'innovation et la concurrence.
B2 adjective /stəˈtɪstɪkəl/

statistical

statistique
Meaning
relating to the use or analysis of numerical data
Example
The report provides statistical data about population growth.
Le rapport fournit des données statistiques sur la croissance de la population.
C2 verb ˈɪnʌndeɪt

inundate

inonder, submerger quelqu'un ou quelque chose avec des choses ou des personnes à traiter
Meaning
To flood; overwhelm someone or something with things or people to be dealt with
Example
The company was inundated with requests after the advertisement.
L'entreprise a été inondée de demandes après la publicité.
C1 noun ˌpriː.dɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən

predisposition

prédisposition
Meaning
A natural tendency or inclination toward a particular behavior or condition.
Example
Genetic factors can influence a person's predisposition to diseases.
Les facteurs génétiques peuvent influencer la prédisposition d'une personne aux maladies.
B2 noun /ˈdjuːəʊ/

duo

duo
Meaning
a pair of people or things, especially in music or entertainment
Example
The musical duo performed their latest hit at the concert.
Le duo musical a interprété son dernier succès lors du concert.
C1 noun /ɪkˈstræv.ə.ɡəns/

Extravagance

dépense excessive; gaspillage
Meaning
lack of restraint in spending money; excessive expense
Example
The wedding celebration was criticized for its unnecessary extravagance.
La célébration du mariage a été critiquée pour son extravagance inutile.
A2 noun /dəˈrɛkʃən/ or /daɪˈrɛkʃən/

direction

direction, instructions
Meaning
the course or path on which someone or something is moving; instructions on what to do
Example
He asked for directions to the train station.
Il a demandé des directions pour la gare.
C2 adjective /ˈdæpər/

dapper

élégant et soigné
Meaning
Neat, stylish, and well-dressed in appearance.
Example
He looked very dapper in his new suit.
Il avait l'air très élégant dans son nouveau costume.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈsiːmli/

unseemly

indécent
Meaning
Not proper or appropriate in behavior or appearance; unbecoming.
Example
His unseemly remarks embarrassed everyone at the dinner table.
Ses remarques indécentes ont embarrassé tout le monde à la table du dîner.
B2 noun /mɑːrz/

Mars

Mars
Meaning
The fourth planet from the Sun; the Roman god of war
Example
Scientists are planning a manned mission to Mars in the next decade.
Les scientifiques prévoient une mission habitée vers Mars dans la prochaine décennie.
A1 noun /hoʊm/

home

maison
Meaning
the place where one lives, especially with family; a residence
Example
She finally returned home after a long journey.
Elle est enfin rentrée chez elle après un long voyage.
C1 noun /ˈlɛdʒɪsleɪtər/

legislator

législateur
Meaning
a person who makes laws, especially a member of a legislative body
Example
The legislator introduced a bill to improve healthcare.
Le législateur a introduit un projet de loi pour améliorer les soins de santé.
C1 adjective /ˈɔːdəˌtɔːri/

auditory

auditif
Meaning
Relating to the sense of hearing.
Example
The lecture was designed to enhance students' auditory learning skills.
La conférence a été conçue pour améliorer les compétences d'apprentissage auditif des étudiants.
C2 noun /ˌsɒ̃ˈfrwɑː/

sangfroid

sang-froid
Meaning
Composure or coolness under pressure.
Example
She impressed everyone with her sangfroid during the interview.
Elle a impressionné tout le monde par son sang-froid pendant l'entretien.
B2 adjective + noun অ্যাডভার্স ইমপ্যাক্ট

adverse impact

impact négatif
Meaning
A negative or harmful effect or influence on something.
Example
Long screen time has an adverse impact on hand muscles.
Un long temps d'écran a un impact négatif sur les muscles des mains.
B2 adjective /ˈstuː.di.əs/

Studious

studieux; dévoué à l'apprentissage
Meaning
characterized by diligent study; devoted to learning
Example
She is a studious student who spends hours in the library.
Elle est une étudiante studieuse qui passe des heures à la bibliothèque.
B1 noun /kənˈsjuːmər/

consumer

consommateur
Meaning
A person who buys and uses goods and services.
Example
The company focuses on understanding consumer needs.
L'entreprise se concentre sur la compréhension des besoins des consommateurs.
C1 verb /ˈbɑːrtər/

barter

troc
Meaning
To exchange goods or services without using money.
Example
They bartered their crops for handmade tools.
Ils ont échangé leurs récoltes contre des outils faits à la main.
C1 noun ˈiː.θɒs

ethos

l'esprit caractéristique d'une culture, d'une époque ou d'une communauté
Meaning
The characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its beliefs and aspirations.
Example
The company's ethos is built on innovation and integrity.
L'éthos de l'entreprise repose sur l'innovation et l'intégrité.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈsiːt/

reseat

réinstaller
Meaning
to seat someone again or to fit something back into its place
Example
The usher had to reseat the guests after the interruption.
Le préposé a dû réinstaller les invités après l'interruption.
B2 noun/verb /ˌbærɪˈkeɪd/

barricade

barricade
Meaning
a barrier erected to block or defend against movement; to block a passage with obstacles
Example
Protesters built a barricade across the street.
Les manifestants ont construit une barricade à travers la rue.
C2 verb /ˈɡʌzəl/

guzzle

boire goulûment
Meaning
to drink greedily or excessively
Example
He guzzled three cans of soda in a few minutes.
Il a bu trois canettes de soda en quelques minutes.
B1 noun ɡʊdz

goods

marchandises
Meaning
Merchandise or possessions; things that are bought and sold.
Example
The company produces high-quality goods for export.
L'entreprise produit des marchandises de haute qualité pour l'exportation.
B1 verb /məˈsɑːʒ/

massage

massager
Meaning
to rub and press muscles to relieve pain or tension; to manipulate information
Example
The therapist will massage your back to reduce muscle tension.
Le thérapeute massera votre dos pour réduire la tension musculaire.
C2 noun /ˈθiːɪzəm/

theism

théisme
Meaning
Belief in the existence of a god or gods, especially a creator who intervenes in the universe.
Example
Theism is central to many world religions.
Le théisme est central dans de nombreuses religions du monde.
C1 noun ˈsɛlf pəˈzɪʃən

self-possession

maîtrise de soi
Meaning
The quality of being calm and confident and in control of one's emotions; composure.
Example
His self-possession during the crisis was remarkable.
Son self-possession pendant la crise était remarquable.
C2 verb /əˈsɛvəˌreɪt/

asseverate

affirmer
Meaning
to affirm or declare positively and earnestly
Example
He asseverated that he had never seen the man before.
Il a affirmé qu'il n'avait jamais vu l'homme avant.
A2 noun /ˈbɪljən/

billion

milliard
Meaning
the number 1,000,000,000 (one thousand million)
Example
The company is worth more than a billion dollars.
L'entreprise vaut plus d'un milliard de dollars.
C1 noun /səˈrɛn.ɪ.ti/

serenity

sérénité
Meaning
The state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.
Example
Meditation helps in achieving inner serenity.
La méditation aide à atteindre la sérénité intérieure.
C1 adjective /ˈmɒnstrəs/

Monstrous

monstrueux; extrêmement grand; choquant ou malveillant; anormal ou contre nature
Meaning
extremely large; shockingly evil or wrong; abnormal or unnatural
Example
The monstrous crime shocked the entire community.
Le crime monstrueux a choqué toute la communauté.
C1 verb /ˈɛkskəˌveɪt/

excavate

bonheur
Meaning
to dig out or remove earth carefully, often for building or archaeological purposes
Example
The workers excavated the site to prepare for construction.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur quand elle a reçu le prix.
B1 noun /ɪˈdɪʃən/

edition

édition
Meaning
a particular version or printing of a book, newspaper, or other publication
Example
The latest edition of the magazine sold out quickly.
La dernière édition du magazine s'est vendue rapidement.
C2 noun /ˈfænˌtæzəm/

phantasm

fantôme
Meaning
an illusion, ghost, or figment of the imagination
Example
The child claimed to see a phantasm in the old house.
L'enfant prétendait avoir vu un fantôme dans la vieille maison.
B1 noun /ˈkɜːr.ənt/

Current

courant
Meaning
a body of water or air moving in a definite direction; present time
Example
The river current was too strong for swimming.
Le courant de la rivière était trop fort pour nager.
B2 noun/verb /eɪp/

ape

un grand primate similaire à un singe / imiter
Meaning
a large primate similar to a monkey but without a tail; as a verb, to imitate or mimic
Example
Children often ape the behavior of adults.
Les enfants imitent souvent le comportement des adultes.
C2 noun /əˈmɛrɪkəˌnɪzəm/

americanism

américanisme
Meaning
A word, phrase, or practice characteristic of American English or culture.
Example
The term 'sidewalk' is an Americanism, while 'pavement' is used in British English.
Le terme « sidewalk » est un américanisme, tandis que « pavement » est utilisé dans l'anglais britannique.
B2 adjective /ˈskætərd/

Scattered

dispersé; éparpillé;
Meaning
spread widely apart; dispersed; occurring here and there
Example
Scattered showers are expected throughout the day.
Des averses éparses sont attendues tout au long de la journée.
C1 proper noun ˈɡləʊbəl ˈfaʊndriz

GlobalFoundries

GlobalFoundries
Meaning
A specific company in semiconductor manufacturing.
Example
GlobalFoundries is a leading semiconductor company.
GlobalFoundries est une entreprise de semi-conducteurs leader.
C1 noun /ˈsɪk.əl/

Sickle

faucille
Meaning
a tool with a curved metal blade and short handle used for cutting grain crops
Example
The farmer harvested wheat using a traditional sickle.
Le fermier a récolté du blé en utilisant une faucille traditionnelle.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/

indignant

indigné
Meaning
Feeling or showing anger at something considered unfair or unjust.
Example
She was indignant when accused of cheating.
Elle était indignée lorsqu'elle a été accusée de tricher.
A2 adjective /ˈemp.ti/

Empty

vide; sans contenu
Meaning
containing nothing; vacant; without contents
Example
The glass is empty and needs to be refilled.
Le verre est vide et doit être rempli à nouveau.
B2 verb /ˈænəlaɪz/

analyze

analyser
Meaning
to examine something in detail to understand it better or draw conclusions
Example
Scientists analyze data to discover new patterns.
Les scientifiques analysent les données pour découvrir de nouveaux modèles.
A2 verb /ɪnˈvaɪtɪd/

invited

invité
Meaning
asked someone formally or politely to go somewhere or do something
Example
She was invited to the party.
Elle a été invitée à la fête.
C2 noun /ˈɑːriə/

aria

pièce vocale solo
Meaning
a solo vocal piece with instrumental accompaniment, typically in an opera
Example
The soprano performed a moving aria during the second act.
La soprano a interprété une aria émouvante lors du deuxième acte.
B2 adverb /aɪˈrɒnɪkli/

ironically

ironiquement
Meaning
in a way that is contrary to what is expected or intended
Example
Ironically, the fire station burned down.
Ironicament, la caserne de pompiers a brûlé.
C1 adjective /freɪl/

frail

fragile
Meaning
Physically weak and delicate.
Example
The old man was too frail to walk without help.
L'homme âgé était trop fragile pour marcher sans aide.
C1 adjective /ˈæʃən/

ashen

pâle
Meaning
Very pale in appearance, often due to shock, fear, or illness.
Example
His face turned ashen when he heard the terrible news.
Son visage est devenu pâle lorsqu'il a entendu la terrible nouvelle.
C2 verb /ɪnˈveɪɡəl/

inveigle

manipuler
Meaning
To persuade someone to do something by deception or flattery.
Example
She inveigled him into signing the contract.
Elle l'a dupé pour qu'il signe le contrat.
B2 verb /ˈhɑːrnɪs/

harness

contrôler et utiliser
Meaning
To control and make use of natural resources, especially energy.
Example
Scientists are working to harness solar power effectively.
Les scientifiques travaillent pour exploiter efficacement l'énergie solaire.
B2 noun /ˈtʃɪk piː/

Chick pea

pois chiches
Meaning
round beige legume; protein-rich pulse used in various dishes
Example
Soak the chick peas overnight before cooking them for better digestion.
Faites tremper les pois chiches toute la nuit avant de les cuire pour une meilleure digestion.
C2 noun /ˈhæŋ.kər.ɪŋ/

hankering

désir ardent
Meaning
a strong desire or craving for something.
Example
She had a hankering for chocolate late at night.
Elle avait un désir ardent de chocolat tard dans la nuit.
A2 verb /ˈpræktɪs/

practise

pratiquer
Meaning
to do something repeatedly to improve skill; to work in a profession
Example
She practises piano for two hours daily.
Elle pratique le piano pendant deux heures chaque jour.
A2 adjective /ˈplɛzənt/

pleasant

agréable, plaisant
Meaning
giving a sense of happiness, enjoyment, or satisfaction
Example
We had a pleasant evening at the park.
Nous avons passé une soirée agréable au parc.
B2 verb /bræɡ/

brag

se vanter
Meaning
to talk proudly about oneself or one's achievements in an annoying way
Example
He always brags about his expensive car.
Il se vante toujours de sa voiture chère.
C2 noun məˌnɒp.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

monopolization

monopolisation
Meaning
The process by which a company gains exclusive control over a commercial activity.
Example
The monopolization of industries can limit consumer choices.
La monopolisation des industries peut limiter les choix des consommateurs.
C1 adjective /sɪˈkluːdɪd/

secluded

isolé
Meaning
Placed apart from other people or things; private and quiet.
Example
They spent their vacation in a secluded beach house.
Ils ont passé leurs vacances dans une maison de plage isolée.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈkwaɪ.ət/

Unquiet

agité; anxieux; perturbé
Meaning
restless; unable to remain still or quiet; anxious or troubled
Example
She spent an unquiet night worrying about the exam results.
Elle a passé une nuit agitée à s'inquiéter des résultats de l'examen.
B1 noun /ˈæŋɡl/

angle

angle
Meaning
The space between two intersecting lines or surfaces at the point where they meet.
Example
The teacher explained how to measure an angle in geometry.
L'enseignant a expliqué comment mesurer un angle en géométrie.
C2 noun /ˈoʊɡər/

ogre

ogre
Meaning
A mythical monster, often depicted as large, hideous, and cruel; metaphorically, a cruel or terrifying person.
Example
The villagers feared the ogre who lived in the dark forest.
Les villageois craignaient l'ogre qui vivait dans la forêt sombre.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrdʒəri/

forgery

falsification
Meaning
the crime of making fake documents, money, or artworks
Example
The bank detected a forgery in the signature on the cheque.
La banque a détecté une falsification dans la signature sur le chèque.
B2 verb, noun /ɪnˈdevər/

endeavour

s'efforcer
Meaning
To try hard to achieve something; an attempt or effort
Example
She endeavoured to finish the project on time.
Elle a fait de grands efforts pour terminer le projet à temps.
C2 verb /æbˈdʒʊər/

abjure

abjurer
Meaning
to formally renounce or give up a belief, cause, or claim
Example
He abjured his allegiance to the old regime.
Il renonça à sa fidélité au vieux régime.
B2 adjective /ˈfeɪvərəbl/

favourable

favorable
Meaning
Expressing approval, support, or positivity; advantageous or beneficial
Example
The weather conditions were favourable for the outdoor event.
Les conditions météorologiques étaient favorables pour l'événement en plein air.
B2 verb /soʊk/

soak

tremper
Meaning
to make something completely wet by immersing it in liquid
Example
She soaked the clothes in water before washing them.
elle a trempé les vêtements dans l'eau avant de les laver.
B2 noun /kəmˈplɛksɪti/

complexity

complexité
Meaning
The state of being complex; intricacy.
Example
The complexity of the problem required a team of experts.
La complexité du problème nécessitait une équipe d'experts.
C2 noun /ˈsɛpəlkər/

sepulcher

tombeau
Meaning
A small room or monument, cut in rock or built of stone, in which a dead person is buried.
Example
The ancient king was laid to rest in a grand sepulcher.
Le roi ancien a été enterré dans un grand tombeau.
B1 noun rɪˈsɜː.tʃəz

researchers

chercheurs
Meaning
People who study and investigate to discover new information or facts.
Example
Researchers are working on innovative solutions.
Les chercheurs travaillent sur des solutions innovantes.
A2 noun /ʌmˈbrɛlə/

umbrella

parapluie
Meaning
A device used for protection against rain or sun, typically consisting of a collapsible canopy mounted on a central rod.
Example
She opened her umbrella as it started to rain.
Elle a ouvert son parapluie quand il a commencé à pleuvoir.
A2 adjective /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

single

unique
Meaning
only one; not one of several
Example
She bought a single ticket for the concert.
Elle a acheté un seul billet pour le concert.
C1 adjective kənˈten.ʃəs

contentious

controversé
Meaning
Causing or likely to cause an argument; controversial.
Example
The contentious issue divided global leaders.
La question controversée a divisé les dirigeants mondiaux.
C1 adjective /ˈvɑːlətl/

volatile

volatil
Meaning
likely to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse
Example
The stock market is extremely volatile these days.
Le marché boursier est extrêmement volatil ces jours-ci.
C2 adjective /ˌjuːləˈdʒɪstɪk/

eulogistic

élogieux
Meaning
Expressing praise or admiration, often formally.
Example
The speaker gave a eulogistic account of the leader’s achievements.
L'orateur a donné un compte rendu élogieux des réalisations du leader.
B1 noun /ˈsɜːdʒəri/

surgery

chirurgie
Meaning
a medical procedure involving the cutting of the body to treat a condition
Example
She underwent surgery to remove the tumor.
Elle a subi une chirurgie pour enlever la tumeur.
B2 noun draʊt

drought

sécheresse
Meaning
A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall; a shortage of water.
Example
Drought impacts crop growth significantly.
La sécheresse impacte de manière significative la croissance des cultures.
B1 noun ˌhjuː.mən ˈraɪts

human rights

droits de l'homme
Meaning
A right that is believed to belong justifiably to every person.
Example
Human rights protect individual freedoms.
Les droits de l'homme protègent les libertés individuelles.
C1 noun ˈrɛp.ə.twɑːr

repertoire

répertoire
Meaning
A stock of plays, dances, or pieces that a company or a performer knows or is prepared to perform.
Example
The actor's repertoire includes both comedy and drama.
Le répertoire de l'acteur comprend à la fois la comédie et le drame.
B2 verb /sæk/

sack

renvoyer
Meaning
to dismiss from a job; to put something in a sack
Example
The company sacked him for poor performance.
L'entreprise l'a renvoyé pour mauvaise performance.
C2 verb /ˈpɛtɪˌfɒɡ/

pettifog

discuter de futilités
Meaning
to argue or quibble over trivial matters; to engage in petty, dishonest practices
Example
The lawyer was accused of trying to pettifog instead of addressing the real issue.
L'avocat a été accusé d'essayer de discuter de questions futiles au lieu de traiter le vrai problème.
A1 adjective /kuːl/

cool

frais, calme, impressionnant
Meaning
moderately cold; calm and composed; fashionable or impressive
Example
She kept a cool head during the crisis.
Elle a gardé son calme pendant la crise.
B2 verb /ɜːrdʒ/

urge

exhorter
Meaning
to strongly encourage or try to persuade someone to do something
Example
Doctors urge patients to exercise regularly.
Les médecins exhortent les patients à faire de l'exercice régulièrement.
C2 noun /ˈlɪtəni/

litany

litanie
Meaning
a long, repetitive, or tedious account or list; originally a form of prayer
Example
The politician gave a litany of promises during the campaign.
Le politicien a donné une longue liste de promesses pendant la campagne.
B2 adjective /ˈfeɪvərəbəl/

favorable

favorable
Meaning
expressing approval or support; advantageous
Example
The weather conditions were favorable for the outdoor event.
Les conditions météorologiques étaient favorables pour l'événement en plein air.
B2 noun /ɪˈliːt/ or /eɪˈliːt/

elite

élite
Meaning
A select group that is superior in terms of ability or qualities.
Example
Only the elite were invited to the exclusive event.
Seuls les élites ont été invités à l'événement exclusif.
C2 adjective /ˈpɜːrviəs/

pervious

perméable
Meaning
Allowing water, air, or other substances to pass through; permeable.
Example
The soil here is pervious to rainwater.
Le sol ici est perméable à l'eau de pluie.
C1 adjective /ˌfɑːrˈfetʃt/

farfetched

improbable ou peu probable
Meaning
unlikely to happen or be true; improbable
Example
His explanation for being late sounded farfetched.
Son explication pour son retard semblait invraisemblable.
A1 noun /ˈteɪbəl/

table

table
Meaning
A piece of furniture with a flat top and legs, used for working at or placing items on.
Example
They placed the documents on the table.
Ils ont posé les documents sur la table.
A1 adjective /əʊˈkeɪ/

okay

d'accord
Meaning
used to express agreement or acceptance
Example
It's okay to leave early today.
Il est d'accord de partir tôt aujourd'hui.
C1 adjective /ɛsˈθɛtɪk/

esthetic

esthétique
Meaning
Concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.
Example
The building’s esthetic design attracted many visitors.
Le design esthétique du bâtiment a attiré de nombreux visiteurs.
C1 noun /sɪˈtɑːr/

Sitar

sitar
Meaning
a traditional Indian stringed musical instrument with a long neck and resonating body
Example
The sitar creates beautiful ragas in Indian classical music.
Le sitar crée de magnifiques ragas dans la musique classique indienne.
B1 noun /rɪˈzɔː.sɪz/

resources

ressources
Meaning
A stock or supply of money, materials, staff, and other assets.
Example
The region was rich in herbal resources.
La région était riche en ressources herbacées.
B2 adjective /ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd/

specialized

spécialisé
Meaning
designed or developed for a particular purpose or function
Example
He has a specialized knowledge of ancient civilizations.
Il possède une connaissance spécialisée des civilisations anciennes.
A2 noun /ruːf/

roof

toit
Meaning
the top covering of a building or vehicle
Example
The roof of the house needs to be repaired.
Le toit de la maison doit être réparé.
B2 noun /ˈwɪd.oʊ/

Widow

veuve
Meaning
a woman whose husband has died and who has not married again
Example
The widow received support from her family and community.
La veuve a reçu le soutien de sa famille et de sa communauté.
B2 adjective /ˌʌndɪˈnaɪəbl/

Undeniable

indéniable
Meaning
impossible to deny or dispute; clearly true
Example
The evidence of his guilt was undeniable.
La preuve de sa culpabilité était indéniable.
B2 noun (plural) /skræps/

scraps

restes
Meaning
Small pieces left over from something; also small fights or quarrels.
Example
The dog ate the scraps from the table.
Le chien a mangé les restes de la table.
B1 adjective, preposition, noun /mɪd/

mid

milieu
Meaning
being in the middle of something; the central part or point
Example
She joined the project in mid June.
Elle a rejoint le projet à la mi-juin.
B2 verb /ɪnˈhæbɪt/

inhabit

habiter
Meaning
to live in; to occupy as a dwelling
Example
Many animals inhabit the forest.
Beaucoup d'animaux habitent la forêt.
A2 noun /mjuːˈzɪʃən/

musician

musicien
Meaning
a person who plays a musical instrument or is musically talented
Example
He is a talented musician.
C'est un musicien talentueux.
A1 noun /tɜːrn/

Turn

tour; virage; opportunité;
Meaning
an act of moving something in a circular direction; a change of direction; an opportunity to do something
Example
It's your turn to speak at the meeting.
C'est ton tour de parler à la réunion.
B2 noun /ˈkeɪ.ɒs/

Chaos

chaos; désordre total; confusion
Meaning
complete disorder and confusion; a state of total confusion with no order
Example
The earthquake caused chaos in the city as buildings collapsed and people panicked.
Le tremblement de terre a causé le chaos dans la ville alors que les bâtiments se sont effondrés et que les gens ont paniqué.
B2 noun ˈfreɪm.wɜːks

frameworks

cadre
Meaning
A basic structure underlying a system, concept, or text; an essential supporting structure.
Example
Frameworks define the basis of systems.
Les cadres définissent la base des systèmes.
C1 noun rɪˈfaɪnmənt

refinement

raffinement
Meaning
The process of removing impurities or unwanted elements from a substance.
Example
His manners showed a refinement that made him stand out in any crowd.
Ses manières montraient un raffinement qui le faisait se distinguer dans n'importe quelle foule.
B1 verb /briːð/

breathe

respirer
Meaning
To take air into the lungs and send it out again.
Example
It was hard to breathe in the smoky room.
Il était difficile de respirer dans la pièce enfumée.
B1 noun /slaɪd/

Slide

toboggan
Meaning
a smooth surface for sliding down; a piece of playground equipment
Example
The children enjoyed playing on the slide at the park.
Les enfants ont adoré jouer sur le toboggan dans le parc.
B1 noun /ˈdeə.ri/

Dairy

un bâtiment ou une ferme où le lait est produit; des produits à base de lait; une boutique qui vend du lait et des produits laitiers
Meaning
a building or farm where milk is produced; products made from milk; a shop selling milk and milk products
Example
The local dairy provides fresh milk and cheese to the entire neighborhood.
La laiterie locale fournit du lait frais et du fromage à tout le quartier.
C1 noun /əˈkʌmpənɪmənt/

accompaniment

accompagnement
Meaning
Something that goes together with or complements another thing, often music or food.
Example
The dish was served with a spicy sauce as an accompaniment.
Le plat a été servi avec une sauce épicée en accompagnement.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdaʊ/

endow

doter
Meaning
To provide with a quality, ability, or gift; to donate funds for a purpose.
Example
The university was endowed with a generous donation.
L'université a été dotée d'un généreux don.
C1 noun /ˈtɛmptər/

tempter

tentateur
Meaning
a person or thing that entices someone into doing something wrong
Example
The tempter whispered false promises into his ear.
Le tentateur chuchota de fausses promesses à son oreille.
C2 verb /ˈrʌstɪkeɪt/

rusticate

Aller à la campagne / exclusion temporaire de l'université
Meaning
To go to the countryside or to suspend someone from university.
Example
He decided to rusticate in the village to escape the busy city life.
Il a décidé de se rendre à la campagne dans le village pour échapper à la vie trépidante de la ville.
C1 verb /daɪˈleɪt/

dilate

dilater
Meaning
To make wider, larger, or more open.
Example
The doctor used drops to dilate the patient's pupils.
Le médecin a utilisé des gouttes pour dilater les pupilles du patient.
C1 noun rɪˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃən

regeneration

régénération
Meaning
Renewal, growth and development of cells, tissues or energy
Example
Proper rest allows muscle regeneration after exercise.
Un repos adéquat permet la régénération musculaire après l'exercice.
B2 noun /ˈdreɪ.nɪdʒ/

drainage

drainage
Meaning
the system or process by which water or other liquids are drained away
Example
Poor drainage caused flooding in the neighborhood.
Un mauvais drainage a causé des inondations dans le quartier.
C2 noun /ˈpɛtjʊləns/

petulance

pétulance
Meaning
The quality of being childishly sulky or bad-tempered.
Example
His petulance during the meeting annoyed everyone.
Sa pétulance pendant la réunion a agacé tout le monde.
C2 adverb /əˈmʌk/

amuck

de manière débridée
Meaning
in a frenzied, uncontrolled, or chaotic manner
Example
The bull ran amuck through the village.
Le taureau a couru de manière débridée à travers le village.
C2 adjective /stəˈkɑː.təʊ/

staccato

détaché
Meaning
short and detached in sound or style, often used in music
Example
The pianist played the notes in a staccato rhythm.
Le pianiste a joué les notes dans un rythme détaché.
B2 adjective, adverb /ˈlɒŋ taɪm/

long-time

de longue date
Meaning
lasting or existing for a long period of time; having continued for many years
Example
She is a long-time friend of my family.
C’est une amie de longue date de ma famille.
C1 noun /ˈwɔːtəʃɛd/

watershed

point tournant, ligne de partage des eaux
Meaning
An event or period marking a turning point in a situation; also refers to a ridge dividing two drainage areas.
Example
The independence movement was a watershed in the nation's history.
Le mouvement d'indépendance a été un tournant dans l'histoire de la nation.
C2 adjective /ˈdaʊ.di/

dowdy

démodé / usé
Meaning
unfashionable, dull, or shabby in appearance
Example
She wore a dowdy dress to the party.
Elle portait une robe démodée à la fête.
A2 noun /tjuːb/

tube

tube
Meaning
a hollow cylinder used to convey something, typically fluid
Example
He used a tube to measure the liquid.
Il a utilisé un tube pour mesurer le liquide.