interpose
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C2 verb /ˌɪntərˈpoʊz/

interpose

interposer
Meaning
To place or insert between one thing and another; to intervene in a situation.
Example
He quickly interposed himself between the fighters to stop the quarrel.
Il s'est rapidement interposé entre les combattants pour arrêter la querelle.
C2 noun /ˌɪnsjəˈlærəti/

insularity

insularité
Meaning
The state of being isolated or narrow-minded.
Example
The insularity of the group prevented them from accepting new ideas.
L'insularité du groupe l'a empêché d'accepter de nouvelles idées.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈstrɪkəbl/

inextricable

inextricable
Meaning
Impossible to separate or escape from.
Example
The two friends shared an inextricable bond.
Les deux amis partageaient un lien inextricable.
C2 noun /ɪˌluːmɪˈnɑːti/

illuminati

illuminati
Meaning
a group of people claiming to have special enlightenment or secret knowledge, often linked to conspiracies
Example
Many conspiracy theories involve the Illuminati as a secret world-controlling group.
De nombreuses théories du complot impliquent les Illuminati comme un groupe secret contrôlant le monde.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnˈekspɜːrt/

inexpert

inexpérimenté
Meaning
not skilled or experienced; lacking expertise
Example
The inexpert handling of the machine caused several mistakes.
La manipulation inexpérimentée de la machine a causé plusieurs erreurs.
C2 noun /ˌɪmpəˈtjuːəsəti/

impetuosity

impétuosité
Meaning
The quality of being rash or impulsive.
Example
His impetuosity often got him into trouble.
Son impétuosité le mettait souvent dans des ennuis.
C2 verb /ˈɪməleɪt/

immolate

immoler
Meaning
To kill or sacrifice, especially by burning.
Example
The protesters threatened to immolate themselves in front of the building.
Les manifestants ont menacé de s'immoler devant le bâtiment.
C2 noun /ˈaɪdɪl/

idyll

scène idyllique
Meaning
An extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque episode or scene, often idealized.
Example
Their honeymoon was an idyll on a tropical island.
Leur lune de miel était une scène idyllique sur une île tropicale.
C2 adjective /ˌɪn.trəˈmjʊə.rəl/

intramural

à l'intérieur de l'institution
Meaning
Occurring within the walls of a single institution, especially a school or college.
Example
The college organizes intramural sports competitions every semester.
Le collège organise des compétitions sportives intramuros chaque semestre.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈsɛʃən/

intercession

intercession
Meaning
the act of intervening or pleading on behalf of another person
Example
The prisoner was released due to the intercession of influential leaders.
Le prisonnier a été libéré grâce à l'intercession de leaders influents.
C2 adjective /ɪˈnɪm.ɪ.tə.bəl/

inimitable

inimitable
Meaning
So good or unusual as to be impossible to copy; unique.
Example
His inimitable writing style made him a literary legend.
Son style d'écriture inimitable a fait de lui une légende littéraire.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈluːbriəs/

insalubrious

insalubre
Meaning
Unhealthy or not conducive to well-being.
Example
They moved out of the insalubrious neighborhood for the sake of their health.
Ils ont déménagé du quartier insalubre pour leur santé
C2 noun /ɪnˈdɛntʃər/

indenture

contrat d'indenture
Meaning
A formal legal agreement, contract, or document, often relating to work or service.
Example
In the 18th century, many workers came under indenture to work overseas.
Au XVIIIe siècle, de nombreux travailleurs étaient sous contrat d'indenture pour travailler à l'étranger.
C2 verb /ˈɪntərˌdɪkt/

interdict

interdire
Meaning
to prohibit or forbid something by authoritative order, often by law or decree
Example
The court moved to interdict the sale of the illegal goods.
Le tribunal a décidé d'interdire la vente des biens illégaux.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛndiˌɛri/

incendiary

incendiaire / provocateur
Meaning
designed to cause fires or stir up conflict
Example
The politician’s incendiary remarks angered the crowd.
Les remarques incendiaires du politicien ont mis en colère la foule.
C2 noun /ˈɪntəˌkrɒpɪŋ/

intercropping

cultures intercalaires
Meaning
The agricultural practice of cultivating two or more crops simultaneously in the same field to maximize land use efficiency and improve soil health.
Example
Intercropping can help improve soil fertility and pest control.
Les cultures intercalaires peuvent aider à améliorer la fertilité du sol et à contrôler les ravageurs.
C2 adjective /ˈɪkθiɪk/

ichthyic

ichtyique
Meaning
Relating to or resembling fish.
Example
The artist's painting had an ichthyic quality.
La peinture de l'artiste avait une qualité ictyique.
C2 verb /ɪmˈpɛnd/

impend

se profiler
Meaning
to be about to happen; to loom threateningly
Example
Dark clouds suggested that a storm was impeding.
Les nuages sombres suggéraient qu'une tempête était imminente.
C2 adjective /ɪˈmɒdɪst/

immodest

prétentieux / indécent
Meaning
lacking humility or decency; excessively proud or improper
Example
His immodest remarks offended the audience.
Ses remarques prétentieuses ont offensé le public.
C2 adjective /ˌɪntəˈrɒɡətəri/

interrogatory

interrogatif
Meaning
expressed in the form of a question; relating to questioning
Example
The lawyer’s interrogatory tone made the witness uncomfortable.
Le ton interrogatif de l'avocat a rendu le témoin mal à l'aise.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛnʃən/

intension

contenu interne
Meaning
The internal content of a concept; the set of attributes implied by a word or phrase.
Example
The intension of the word 'dog' includes being a mammal and domesticated.
L'intension du mot 'chien' inclut être un mammifère et être domestiqué.
C2 verb /ɪnˈveɪɡəl/

inveigle

manipuler
Meaning
To persuade someone to do something by deception or flattery.
Example
She inveigled him into signing the contract.
Elle l'a dupé pour qu'il signe le contrat.
C2 noun /ɪnˈhɪərəns/

inherence

inhérence
Meaning
The state of being an essential or permanent part of something.
Example
The inherence of risk is part of every business venture.
L'inhérence du risque fait partie de chaque aventure d'entreprise.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈkɒrɪdʒəbəl/

incorrigible

incorrigible
Meaning
incapable of being corrected, improved, or reformed
Example
He is an incorrigible optimist who never loses hope.
C'est un optimiste incorrigible qui ne perd jamais espoir.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpiənt/

incipient

incipient
Meaning
in an initial stage; beginning to develop
Example
The incipient storm made the sky turn dark and heavy.
La tempête incipiente a fait assombrir le ciel et le rendre lourd.
C2 noun /aɪˈoʊtə/

iota

une quantité infime
Meaning
An extremely small amount.
Example
He did not show an iota of fear.
Il n'a montré même pas une infime quantité de peur.
C2 verb /ɪnˈhjuːm/

inhume

inhumer
Meaning
to bury a dead body in the ground
Example
They inhumed the warrior with full honors.
Ils ont inhumé le guerrier avec tous les honneurs.
C2 noun /ˈɪn.fɪ.del/

Infidel

infidèle
Meaning
a person who does not believe in religion or whose religious beliefs differ from one's own
Example
In historical contexts, crusaders often referred to their enemies as infidels.
Dans des contextes historiques, les croisés se référaient souvent à leurs ennemis comme des infidèles.
C2 verb /ɪmˈpeɪl/

impale

empaler
Meaning
to pierce or fix something with a sharp object
Example
The knight was impaled by the enemy’s spear.
Le chevalier a été empalé par la lance de l'ennemi.
C2 noun /ɪmˌpɜːrtərbəˈbɪləti/

imperturbability

imperturbabilité
Meaning
The quality of being calm and not easily disturbed or upset.
Example
Her imperturbability during the crisis impressed everyone.
Son imperturbabilité pendant la crise a impressionné tout le monde.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈkoʊ.ɪt/ or /ɪnˈkoʊ.eɪt/

inchoate

incomplet
Meaning
Just begun and not fully formed; rudimentary.
Example
His inchoate ideas needed more research to be developed.
Ses idées incomplètes avaient besoin de plus de recherches pour être développées.
C2 noun /ˌɪnkrʌˈsteɪʃən/

incrustation

croûte
Meaning
a crust or hard coating formed on the surface of something
Example
The old pipes were blocked due to heavy incrustation of minerals.
Les vieilles tuyauteries étaient bloquées en raison d'une incrustation importante de minéraux.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɛvəˈrɛnʃəl/

irreverential

irrévérencieux
Meaning
Showing a lack of respect for things that are generally taken seriously.
Example
His irreverential humor often shocked traditional audiences.
Son humour irrévérencieux choquait souvent les spectateurs traditionnels.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvaɪələt/

inviolate

inviolé
Meaning
free from violation, injury, or desecration; kept safe and untouched
Example
The ancient temple remained inviolate for centuries.
Le temple ancien est resté inviolé pendant des siècles.
C2 adjective /aɪˈtɪnərənt/

itinerant

itinérant
Meaning
Traveling from place to place, especially for work or duty.
Example
The itinerant teacher moved from village to village to educate children.
L'enseignant itinérant se déplaçait de village en village pour enseigner aux enfants.
C2 noun /ˈænʒənuː/

ingenue

jeune innocente
Meaning
an innocent, naïve young woman, especially as represented in literature or theater
Example
She played the role of the ingénue in the play with great charm.
Elle a joué le rôle de la jeune innocente dans la pièce avec beaucoup de charme.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈdʒɛnjuəs/

ingenuous

ingénu
Meaning
Innocent, naive, and unsuspecting; showing childlike simplicity and sincerity.
Example
Her ingenuous smile revealed her genuine kindness.
Son sourire ingénu révélait sa véritable gentillesse.
C2 noun /ˌɪn.təˈvɛn.ʃə.nɪ.zəm/

interventionism

interventionnisme
Meaning
Government policy of active involvement in economic affairs.
Example
The central bank's interventionism helped stabilize inflation.
L'interventionnisme de la banque centrale a aidé à stabiliser l'inflation.
C2 verb /ɪˈluːmɪn/

illumine

illuminer
Meaning
to light up or make clear
Example
The rising sun illumined the mountain peaks.
Le soleil levant illumina les cimes des montagnes.
C2 verb /ˌɪntərˈlɒk/

interlock

emboîter
Meaning
to fit or connect together securely so that two or more things are joined
Example
The gears interlock to ensure smooth movement of the machine.
Les engrenages s'emboîtent pour assurer un mouvement fluide de la machine.
C2 verb /ɪnˈɡrɑːft/

ingraft

implanter
Meaning
To implant or fix deeply, often used in the sense of grafting an idea or quality.
Example
The teacher tried to ingraft good manners in the students.
Le professeur a essayé d'implanter de bonnes manières chez les étudiants.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsuːpərəbl/

insuperable

insurmontable
Meaning
Impossible to overcome or surpass.
Example
The team faced insuperable challenges during the expedition.
L'équipe a fait face à des défis insurmontables lors de l'expédition.
C2 adverb /ˈaɪsɪli/

icily

glacialement
Meaning
In a very cold, unfriendly, or hostile manner.
Example
She replied icily to his question.
Elle a répondu glaciellement à sa question.
C2 adjective /ɪˈræsɪbl/

irascible

irritable
Meaning
Easily angered; quick-tempered.
Example
His irascible nature often got him into trouble.
Sa nature irritable le mettait souvent dans des situations difficiles.
C2 adjective /ɪˈlɪmɪtəbl/

illimitable

illimité
Meaning
Without limits or bounds.
Example
The universe is often described as illimitable.
L'univers est souvent décrit comme illimité.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdɒktrɪˌneɪt/

indoctrinate

endoctriner
Meaning
To teach someone to fully accept a set of beliefs or ideas without question.
Example
The regime tried to indoctrinate the youth with propaganda.
Le régime a tenté d'endoctriner la jeunesse avec de la propagande.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.ərn.wʊd/

Ironwood

bois de fer
Meaning
a hard, dense wood from various trees; also the tree itself that produces small flowers
Example
The ironwood tree blooms with tiny white flowers.
L'arbre de bois de fer fleurit avec de petites fleurs blanches.
C2 noun /ɪnˈfriːkwəns/

infrequence

infréquence
Meaning
The state of occurring rarely or at long intervals.
Example
The infrequence of their meetings made it hard to maintain close ties.
L'infréquence de leurs réunions rendait difficile le maintien de liens étroits.
C2 noun /ˌɪnkənˈɡruːəti/

incongruity

incongruité
Meaning
The state of being inconsistent or out of place.
Example
The incongruity of his cheerful mood during the funeral shocked everyone.
L'incongruité de son humeur joyeuse pendant les funérailles a choqué tout le monde.
C2 noun /ˈɪmɪˌteɪtər/

imitator

imitateur
Meaning
a person who copies the behavior, style, or actions of others
Example
He became famous as an imitator of popular singers.
Il est devenu célèbre en tant qu'imitateur de chanteurs populaires.
C2 noun /ˌɪlɪbəˈræləti/

illiberality

intolérance
Meaning
The quality of being illiberal; lack of tolerance or generosity.
Example
The illiberality of the new laws alarmed the citizens.
L'illibéralité des nouvelles lois a alarmé les citoyens.
C2 noun /ɪnˈkɒnstənsi/

inconstancy

inconstance
Meaning
The quality of changing frequently or being unreliable.
Example
The inconstancy of the weather makes planning difficult.
L'inconstance du temps rend la planification difficile.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.səˌbɑːr/

isobar

isobare
Meaning
A line on a weather map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure.
Example
The meteorologist explained how isobars indicate wind speed and direction.
Le météorologue a expliqué comment les isobares indiquent la vitesse et la direction du vent.
C2 noun /ɪˈnænɪti/

inanity

ineptie, absurdité
Meaning
a nonsensical remark or action; silliness; emptiness
Example
The speech was full of inanities that bored the audience.
Le discours était rempli d'inepties qui ennuyaient le public.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtræn.sɪ.dʒəns/

intransigence

intransigeance
Meaning
Refusal to change one's views or to agree about something.
Example
The negotiations failed due to the intransigence of both parties.
Les négociations ont échoué en raison de l'intransigeance des deux parties.
C2 verb /ɪmˈbruː/

imbrue

tacher
Meaning
To stain, especially with blood.
Example
His hands were imbrued with blood after the battle.
Ses mains étaient tachetées de sang après la bataille.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈtɛmpərət/

intemperate

intempérant
Meaning
Lacking self-control; immoderate, especially in indulgence.
Example
The politician's intemperate remarks caused controversy.
Les remarques intempérantes du politicien ont causé la controverse.
C2 adjective ɪˈnɛfəbl

ineffable

ineffable
Meaning
Too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words.
Example
The beauty of the landscape was ineffable.
La beauté du paysage était ineffable.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈkoʊətɪv/

inchoative

inchoatif
Meaning
relating to the beginning of something; in an initial stage
Example
The poet used inchoative expressions to depict the dawn of creation.
Le poète a utilisé des expressions inchoatives pour décrire l'aube de la création.
C2 adjective /ˈɪnfəntaɪl/

infantile

infantile
Meaning
characteristic of an infant; childish
Example
His infantile behavior embarrassed everyone at the meeting.
Son comportement infantile a embarrassé tout le monde à la réunion.
C2 verb /aɪˈtɪnəˌreɪt/

itinerate

itinerer
Meaning
To travel from place to place, usually for the purpose of work or preaching.
Example
The missionary itinerated throughout the region to spread the message.
Le missionnaire a voyagé dans toute la région pour répandre le message.
C2 noun /ɪmˈprɑːvɪdəns/

improvidence

imprévoyance
Meaning
Lack of foresight or care for future needs.
Example
His improvidence led to financial difficulties.
Son imprévoyance l'a conduit à des difficultés financières.
C2 verb /ɪmˈpjuːt/

impute

imputer
Meaning
to attribute a fault or responsibility to someone
Example
They imputed the company's success to good leadership.
Ils ont imputé le succès de l'entreprise à un bon leadership.
C2 noun /ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡreɪ.tɪv dɪˈpləʊ.mə.si/

integrative diplomacy

diplomatie intégrative
Meaning
A diplomatic approach that seeks to combine or coordinate different elements, interests, or parties into a unified whole.
Example
Integrative diplomacy strengthens alliances.
La diplomatie intégrative renforce les alliances.
C2 adjective/verb /ɪnˈkɑːrneɪt/

incarnate

incarné
Meaning
to embody or represent in human form; in flesh
Example
She is kindness incarnate.
Elle est la bonté incarnée.
C2 noun /ˈɪnroʊd/

inroad

progrès
Meaning
An advance or significant progress, often at the expense of something else.
Example
The company made significant inroads into the mobile market.
L'entreprise a réalisé des progrès significatifs sur le marché mobile.
C2 noun /ɪˈreɪdiəns/

irradiance

irradiance
Meaning
the quality of shining brightly; the intensity of light falling on a surface
Example
The irradiance of the sun at noon was overwhelming.
L'irradiance du soleil à midi était accablante.
C2 verb /ˌɪmpɔːrˈtuːn/

importune

demander insistant
Meaning
To ask someone persistently or pressingly for something
Example
The child importuned his mother for a new toy.
L'enfant importunait sa mère pour un nouveau jouet.
C2 noun /ˌɪkθiˈɒlədʒɪst/

ichthyologist

ichtyologiste
Meaning
A scientist who studies fish.
Example
The ichthyologist discovered a new species of fish in the river.
L'ichtyologiste a découvert une nouvelle espèce de poisson dans la rivière.
C2 noun /ɪˈrʌp.ʃən/

Irruption

une entrée violente soudaine; une invasion ou une incursion; une explosion ou une éruption soudaine
Meaning
a sudden violent entry; an invasion or raid; a sudden outburst or eruption
Example
The army's irruption into enemy territory caught the opposing forces completely off guard.
L'irruption de l'armée dans le territoire ennemi a pris les forces adverses complètement au dépourvu.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɑːlɪtɪk/

impolitic

imprudent
Meaning
Unwise or imprudent; not showing good judgment.
Example
It would be impolitic to criticize them openly.
Il serait imprudent de les critiquer ouvertement.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsuːsiəns/

insouciance

insouciance
Meaning
Casual lack of concern; indifference.
Example
She carried herself with an air of insouciance, unbothered by the challenges ahead.
Elle marchait avec un air d'insouciance, sans se soucier des défis à venir.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈspiːdiənt/

inexpedient

déconseillé
Meaning
Not advisable, suitable, or practical in the circumstances.
Example
It would be inexpedient to invest without proper research.
Il serait déconseillé d'investir sans une recherche appropriée.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkəˈməʊdiəs/

incommodious

incommode
Meaning
Uncomfortably small, cramped, or inconvenient.
Example
We had to stay in an incommodious room during the trip.
Nous avons dû rester dans une chambre inconfortable pendant le voyage.
C2 noun /ˈɪnfəmi/

infamy

bonheur
Meaning
the state of being well known for some bad quality or deed
Example
His name will live in infamy for the crimes he committed.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈprɒvɪdənt/

improvident

imprudent
Meaning
Not having or showing foresight; spending wastefully or without thought for the future.
Example
His improvident habits left him with no savings.
Ses habitudes imprudentes l'ont laissé sans économies.
C2 noun /ˌɪmprəˈpraɪəti/

impropriety

impropriété
Meaning
Failure to observe standards of honesty or modesty; improper behavior.
Example
The politician was accused of financial impropriety.
Le politicien a été accusé d'impropriété financière.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdaɪt/

indite

composer
Meaning
To write or compose (literary or formal works).
Example
The poet indited a heartfelt sonnet.
Le poète a composé un sonnet sincère.
C2 noun /ˈɪɡ.nəˌmɪn.i/

ignominy

ignominie
Meaning
Public shame, disgrace, or dishonor.
Example
He lived the rest of his life in ignominy after the scandal.
Il a vécu le reste de sa vie dans l'ignominie après le scandale.
C2 verb /ɪnˈfætʃueɪt/

infatuate

fasciner
Meaning
to inspire with an intense but short-lived passion or admiration
Example
He was infatuated with her beauty.
Il était fasciné par sa beauté.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpaɪ.ə.ti/

Impiety

impiété
Meaning
lack of piety or reverence, especially for a god; disrespect or irreverence toward religious matters
Example
His impiety shocked the religious community when he mocked their sacred ceremonies.
Son impiété a choqué la communauté religieuse lorsqu'il s'est moqué de leurs cérémonies sacrées.
C2 adjective /ɪˈnɪmɪkəl/

inimical

hostile / défavorable
Meaning
tending to obstruct or harm; unfriendly or hostile
Example
The policy was inimical to the country's economic growth.
La politique était défavorable à la croissance économique du pays.
C2 adjective ˌɪm.pəˈtɜː.bə.bəl

imperturbable

imperturbable
Meaning
Unable to be upset or excited; not easily disturbed.
Example
His imperturbable nature made him a great leader.
Sa nature imperturbable faisait de lui un grand leader.
C2 verb /ɪˈnjʊər/

inure

habituer
Meaning
To become accustomed to something, especially something unpleasant.
Example
Soldiers quickly became inured to the harsh conditions.
Les soldats se sont rapidement habitués aux conditions difficiles.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkænˈdɛsənt/

incandescent

incandescent
Meaning
emitting light as a result of being heated; extremely bright or passionate
Example
The incandescent lamp lit up the entire hall.
La lampe incandescente a éclairé toute la salle.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdʒɛst/

ingest

ingérer
Meaning
To take food, drink, or another substance into the body, usually by swallowing.
Example
The patient must ingest the medicine with water.
Le patient doit ingérer le médicament avec de l'eau.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsuːsiənt/

insouciant

insouciant
Meaning
Showing a casual lack of concern; carefree.
Example
He gave an insouciant shrug and walked away.
Il a haussé les épaules de manière insouciante et est parti.
C2 adjective /ˈɪm.pi.əs/

Impious

impie; blasphématoire
Meaning
irreligious; lacking reverence for religion; blasphemous
Example
The impious act shocked the religious community.
L'acte impie a choqué la communauté religieuse.
C2 adjective /ˈɪmənənt/

immanent

immanent
Meaning
existing or operating within; inherent
Example
He believed that moral values are immanent in human nature.
Il croyait que les valeurs morales sont immanentes dans la nature humaine.
C2 noun /ɪˈluːmɪnənt/

illuminant

illuminant
Meaning
A substance or device that produces light.
Example
The lamp acted as an illuminant in the dark cave.
La lampe a agi comme un illuminant dans la grotte sombre.
C2 adjective /ˌaɪsəʊˈθɜːrməl/

isothermal

isotherme
Meaning
Having or maintaining equal or constant temperature.
Example
The experiment was conducted under isothermal conditions.
L'expérience a été réalisée dans des conditions isothermes.
C2 noun /ˈaɪdlər/

idler

fainéant
Meaning
A person who avoids work or spends time lazily.
Example
He was known as an idler who wasted his days.
Il était connu comme un fainéant qui gâchait ses journées.
C2 adjective /aɪˈdɒlətrəs/

idolatrous

idolatrique
Meaning
Excessively admiring or worshipping someone or something as an idol.
Example
The king was criticized for his idolatrous devotion to wealth.
Le roi a été critiqué pour sa dévotion idolâtrique à la richesse.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈdjuːsəbl/

irreducible

irréductible
Meaning
impossible to reduce or simplify further
Example
The fraction 3/7 is irreducible.
La fraction 3/7 est irréductible.
C2 verb /ˌɪnkəˈpæsɪteɪt/

incapacitate

incapaciter
Meaning
to deprive someone or something of the ability or strength to function
Example
The severe injury incapacitated the player for the rest of the season.
La blessure grave a rendu le joueur incapable pour le reste de la saison.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪˈsɛnʃəl/

inessential

non essentiel
Meaning
not necessary or important; not essential
Example
The report removes all inessential details to stay focused.
Le rapport supprime les détails non essentiels pour rester concentré.
C2 adjective /ˌaɪdəˈlɑːtrɪəs/

idolatrious

idolâtre
Meaning
Excessively devoted or reverent towards idols or false gods.
Example
The ancient tribe was known for its idolatrious practices.
La tribu ancienne était connue pour ses pratiques idolâtres.
C2 adjective /ɪˈmɒdərət/

immoderate

immodéré
Meaning
excessive; beyond reasonable limits
Example
He has an immoderate love for sweets.
Il a un amour immodéré pour les bonbons.
C2 adjective /ˌɪn.trəˈsɛl.jʊ.lər/

intracellular

à l'intérieur de la cellule
Meaning
Located or occurring within a cell.
Example
The drug works by targeting intracellular bacteria.
Le médicament agit en ciblant les bactéries intracellulaires.
C2 noun /ɪnˌtɛl.ɪˈdʒɛntsi.ə/

intelligentsia

intelligentsia
Meaning
The group of people engaged in intellectual and cultural pursuits in a society.
Example
The intelligentsia played a key role in shaping public opinion.
L'intelligentsia a joué un rôle clé dans la formation de l'opinion publique.
C2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈniːsaɪn/

internecine

conflit interne
Meaning
Relating to conflict within a group, often causing mutual destruction.
Example
The internecine conflict weakened the organization from within.
Le conflit interne a affaibli l'organisation de l'intérieur
C2 noun /ˌɪnˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/

incapability

incapacité
Meaning
lack of ability or power to do something; inability or incompetence
Example
His incapability to manage the team led to serious problems.
Son incapacité à gérer l’équipe a causé de graves problèmes.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈkɒnsɪləbl/

irreconcilable

irréconciliable
Meaning
impossible to make compatible or bring into harmony; unable to resolve differences
Example
The couple separated due to irreconcilable differences.
Le couple s'est séparé en raison de différences irréconciliables.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈsprɛsəbl/

inexpressible

inexprimable
Meaning
Too strong or extreme to be expressed in words.
Example
She felt inexpressible joy at the news of her success.
Elle ressentit une joie inexprimable en apprenant son succès.
C2 adjective /ˌɪlˈneɪ.tʃəd/

ill-natured

de mauvaise nature
Meaning
Having a bad or unpleasant character; unkind or malicious.
Example
He made an ill-natured remark about his colleague.
Il a fait une remarque de mauvaise nature à propos de son collègue.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈfætɪɡəbl̩/

indefatigable

inébranlable
Meaning
persisting tirelessly; incapable of being fatigued
Example
Her indefatigable spirit kept the team motivated during the long project.
Son esprit inébranlable a gardé l'équipe motivée pendant le long projet.
C2 noun /ˈɪntərˌveɪl/

intervale

terre basse le long d'une rivière, généralement fertile et plate
Meaning
A low-lying tract of land along a river, usually fertile and flat.
Example
The farmers cultivated crops on the lush intervale by the river.
Les agriculteurs ont cultivé des cultures dans l'intervalle fertile près de la rivière.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsɪdərəbl/

inconsiderable

insignifiant
Meaning
Too small or unimportant to be worth considering.
Example
The donation was not inconsiderable, though smaller than expected.
La donation n'était pas insignifiante, bien qu'elle fût plus petite que prévu.
C2 verb /ɪˈniː.bri.eɪt/

inebriate

enivrer
Meaning
to intoxicate; to make someone drunk
Example
The strong wine was enough to inebriate even the most experienced drinker.
Le vin fort était suffisant pour enivrer même le buveur le plus expérimenté.
C2 noun /ˈɪmpjʊdəns/

impudence

impudence
Meaning
Rude and disrespectful behavior.
Example
The student's impudence shocked the entire class.
L'impudence de l'étudiant a choqué toute la classe.
C2 adjective /ɪɡˈnoʊ.bəl/

Ignoble

ignoble; méprisable; bas
Meaning
dishonorable; not noble in character; base or mean
Example
His ignoble actions betrayed his friends' trust.
Ses actions ignobles ont trahi la confiance de ses amis.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.kɒn/

ikon

image religieuse ou symbole
Meaning
A religious image or symbol, especially in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Example
The church displayed a beautifully painted ikon of the Virgin Mary.
L'église a exposé un ikon magnifiquement peint de la Vierge Marie.
C2 adverb /ˌɪnəzˈmʌtʃ/

inasmuch

dans la mesure où
Meaning
To the extent that; considering that.
Example
Inasmuch as you are their teacher, you should guide them carefully.
Dans la mesure où vous êtes leur enseignant, vous devez les guider soigneusement.
C2 noun /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtər/

inquisitor

inquisiteur
Meaning
A person who asks many questions, often in an official or harsh manner.
Example
The inquisitor demanded detailed answers from the witness.
L'inquisiteur a exigé des réponses détaillées du témoin.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərpəˈzɪʃən/

interposition

intervention
Meaning
The act of intervening or coming between two things, often to influence or prevent an outcome.
Example
The manager’s interposition prevented a heated argument from escalating.
L'intervention du manager a empêché une dispute animée de s'intensifier.
C2 verb /ɪnˈɡreɪʃiˌeɪt/

ingratiate

se faire bien voir
Meaning
To gain favor or approval by deliberate effort, often in a flattering way.
Example
She tried to ingratiate herself with her boss by complimenting him often.
Elle a essayé de s'ingratiser auprès de son patron en le complimentant souvent.
C2 verb /ɪmˈpjuːn/

impugn

contester la vérité, la validité ou l'honnêteté d'une déclaration ou d'un motif
Meaning
to dispute the truth, validity, or honesty of a statement or motive
Example
The lawyer tried to impugn the credibility of the witness.
L'avocat a essayé de contester la crédibilité du témoin.
C2 noun /ˈɪrɪɡənt/

irrigant

liquide d'irrigation
Meaning
A liquid used for irrigation, especially in medical or agricultural contexts.
Example
The doctor used a sterile irrigant during the procedure.
Le médecin a utilisé un irrigant stérile pendant la procédure.
C2 verb ˈɪnʌndeɪt

inundate

inonder, submerger quelqu'un ou quelque chose avec des choses ou des personnes à traiter
Meaning
To flood; overwhelm someone or something with things or people to be dealt with
Example
The company was inundated with requests after the advertisement.
L'entreprise a été inondée de demandes après la publicité.
C2 adjective /ɪˈnɪkwɪtəs/

iniquitous

iniquité
Meaning
grossly unfair and morally wrong
Example
Slavery was one of the most iniquitous practices in history.
L'esclavage était l'une des pratiques les plus iniquitous de l'histoire.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈfɜːrnəl/

infernal

infernal
Meaning
relating to hell; extremely troublesome or annoying
Example
The workers complained about the infernal noise from the construction site.
Les travailleurs se sont plaints du bruit infernal provenant du site de construction.