incessant
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C1 adjective /ɪnˈses.ənt/

incessant

incessant
Meaning
Continuing without pause or interruption; constant.
Example
The incessant noise from the construction site made it hard to concentrate.
Le bruit incessant du chantier rendait la concentration difficile.
C1 verb ɪmˈbjuː

Imbue

Mélanger une idée ou un sentiment profondément dans l'esprit de quelqu'un
Meaning
Mixing some idea or feeling deeply into someone's mind
Example
The teacher tried to imbue students with a love for learning.
L'enseignant a essayé d'inculquer aux élèves un amour de l'apprentissage.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/

incompatibility

incompatibilité
Meaning
the state of being unable to exist or work together harmoniously; lack of compatibility
Example
The project failed because of incompatibility between the two software systems.
Le projet a échoué à cause de l’incompatibilité entre les deux systèmes logiciels.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdiːsənt/

indecent

indécent
Meaning
not conforming to accepted standards of behavior or morality; improper or offensive
Example
He was warned for making an indecent remark during the meeting.
Il a été averti pour une remarque indécente.
C1 noun /aɪˈtɪnərɛri/

itinerary

itinéraire
Meaning
A planned route or schedule of a journey or trip.
Example
The travel agent gave us a detailed itinerary for our vacation.
L'agent de voyages nous a donné un itinéraire détaillé pour nos vacances.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.tə.mə.si/

Intimacy

intimité; proximité
Meaning
close familiarity or friendship; closeness; a private cozy atmosphere
Example
The couple valued the emotional intimacy they shared more than material possessions.
Le couple a plus apprécié l'intimité émotionnelle qu'ils partageaient que les biens matériels.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈkluːsɪv/

inconclusive

inconclusif
Meaning
Not leading to a definite result or decision.
Example
The investigation remained inconclusive due to a lack of evidence.
L'enquête est restée inconclusive en raison d'un manque de preuves.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

Indescribable

indescriptible
Meaning
impossible to describe or express in words; beyond description
Example
The beauty of the sunset was indescribable.
La beauté du coucher de soleil était indescriptible.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpʌlsɪv/

impulsive

impulsif, spontané
Meaning
acting suddenly without careful thought
Example
She made an impulsive decision to buy the car.
Elle a pris une décision impulsive d'acheter la voiture.
C1 adverb /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli/

incidentally

d'ailleurs
Meaning
by the way; used to introduce a remark not directly related to the main subject
Example
Incidentally, did you know that she studied in Paris?
D'ailleurs, savais-tu qu'elle avait étudié à Paris ?
C1 verb /ɪnˈfjʊərieɪt/

infuriate

mettre en colère
Meaning
To make someone extremely angry.
Example
His careless remarks infuriated the entire team.
Ses remarques imprudentes ont mis en colère toute l'équipe.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɒlvənt/

insolvent

insolvable
Meaning
unable to pay debts owed
Example
The insolvent firm could not meet its financial obligations.
L'entreprise insolvable n'a pas pu remplir ses obligations financières.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl̩/

inadmissible

inadmissible
Meaning
Not allowed, especially as evidence in a court of law.
Example
The judge ruled the evidence inadmissible.
Le juge a déclaré que la preuve était inadmissible.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpæʃənd/

impassioned

passionné
Meaning
Filled with or showing great emotion.
Example
She gave an impassioned speech about human rights.
Elle a prononcé un discours passionné sur les droits de l'homme.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfæləbl̩/

infallible

infaillible
Meaning
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong
Example
Her judgment seemed infallible in matters of finance.
Son jugement semblait infaillible en matière de finances.
C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈspɛktɪv/

Irrespective

indifférent; sans tenir compte
Meaning
without taking something into account; regardless of
Example
All students will be treated equally, irrespective of their background.
Tous les étudiants seront traités de manière égale, indépendamment de leurs antécédents.
C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈprɛsəbl̩/

irrepressible

irrépressible
Meaning
Impossible to control or restrain.
Example
She had an irrepressible urge to laugh during the speech.
Elle ne pouvait cacher son irrépressible envie de rire pendant le discours.
C1 verb /ˈɪmplɪˌkeɪt/

implicate

impliquer
Meaning
To show someone’s involvement in a crime or wrongdoing.
Example
The evidence implicated several officials in the scandal.
Les preuves ont impliqué plusieurs responsables dans le scandale.
C1 noun /ɪnˌkɑːsəˈreɪʃən/

incarceration

incarcération
Meaning
the state of being imprisoned or confined
Example
The criminal faced years of incarceration for his crimes.
Le criminel a purgé des années d'incarcération pour ses crimes.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

impertinent

impertinent
Meaning
rude and showing a lack of respect
Example
It was impertinent of him to question the manager's decision.
C'était impertinent de sa part de remettre en question la décision du manager.
C1 noun /ˈɪtʃ.i.nəs/

itchiness

démangeaison
Meaning
The quality or condition of feeling an irritating sensation on the skin that causes a desire to scratch.
Example
Eye itchiness often leads to rubbing.
Les démangeaisons oculaires entraînent souvent des frottements.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛpərəbəl/

Irreparable

irréparable
Meaning
impossible to repair or fix; permanent damage that cannot be undone
Example
The accident caused irreparable damage to his spine.
L'accident a causé des dommages irréparables à sa colonne vertébrale.
C1 noun /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənsi/

insufficiency

insuffisance
Meaning
The state of not being enough or not being adequate.
Example
The project failed due to the insufficiency of funds.
Le projet a échoué en raison de l'insuffisance des fonds.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/

inconsistency

incohérence
Meaning
The quality of being contradictory, irregular, or not staying the same.
Example
There is an inconsistency between his words and actions.
Il y a une incohérence entre ses paroles et ses actions.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnbɔːrn/

Inborn

inné; congénital; inhérent
Meaning
existing from birth; natural; inherent
Example
She has an inborn talent for music.
Elle a un talent inné pour la musique.
C1 verb /aɪˈdiː.ə.laɪz/

idealize

idéaliser
Meaning
To regard or represent something as perfect or better than it really is.
Example
Children often idealize their parents.
Les enfants idéalisent souvent leurs parents.
C1 verb /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪt/

instigate

inciter
Meaning
To bring about or initiate an action, often something negative.
Example
He was accused of instigating the riot.
Il a été accusé d'inciter aux émeutes.
C1 noun /ˌɪrɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/

irresponsibility

irresponsabilité
Meaning
lack of responsibility or accountability; failure to act in a reliable or sensible way
Example
The accident was caused by his irresponsibility at work.
L'accident a été causé par son irresponsabilité au travail.
C1 verb /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/

inhibit

inhiber
Meaning
to prevent or restrain someone or something from acting freely; to hinder
Example
Fear can inhibit personal growth.
La peur peut inhiber la croissance personnelle.
C1 adjective /ˈɪɡ.ni.əs/

igneous

igné
Meaning
Formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Example
Granite is an igneous rock commonly used in construction.
Le granit est une roche ignée couramment utilisée dans la construction.
C1 adjective ɪn ˈfleɪ.ʃə.ner.i

inflationary

inflationniste
Meaning
Characterized by or tending to cause monetary inflation; relating to rising prices.
Example
The government took measures to control inflationary pressures.
Le gouvernement a pris des mesures pour contrôler les pressions inflationnistes.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈvɪzəbl/

indivisible

indivisible
Meaning
Not able to be divided or separated.
Example
The country's unity was indivisible despite differences.
L'unité du pays était indivisible malgré les différences.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɛntɪv/

inventive

inventif
Meaning
Having the ability to create or design new things or to think originally.
Example
The inventor was known for his inventive solutions to everyday problems.
L'inventeur était connu pour ses solutions inventives aux problèmes quotidiens.
C1 noun /ˌaɪ.diˈɒl.ə.dʒi/

ideology

idéologie
Meaning
A system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.
Example
Democracy is based on the ideology of freedom and equality.
La démocratie repose sur l'idéologie de la liberté et de l'égalité.
C1 adjective /ˈɪmpətənt/

impotent

impotent
Meaning
Lacking power, ability, or strength to take effective action.
Example
The citizens felt impotent against the corrupt system.
Les citoyens se sont sentis impuissants face au système corrompu.
C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜːməri/

infirmary

infirmerie
Meaning
A hospital or place where the sick or injured are cared for.
Example
The school had an infirmary for minor injuries.
L'école avait une infirmerie pour les blessures mineures.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɛp(ə)rəbəl/

inseparable

inséparable
Meaning
Unable to be separated or always together.
Example
The two friends have been inseparable since childhood.
Les deux amis sont inséparables depuis l'enfance.
C1 verb /ɪnˈvɪɡ.ər.eɪt/

invigorate

revigorer
Meaning
To give strength or energy to someone or something.
Example
A morning walk can invigorate both body and mind.
Une promenade matinale peut revigorer le corps et l'esprit.
C1 noun ɪˌræʃ.ənˈæl.ɪ.ti

irrationality

irrationalité, absence de logique, déraison
Meaning
The quality of being illogical or unreasonable; lack of rational thought.
Example
His decision was driven by complete irrationality.
Sa décision a été guidée par une irrationalité totale.
C1 adjective /ˌɪmprɪˈsaɪs/

imprecise

imprécis
Meaning
Not exact or accurate; vague.
Example
His explanation was too imprecise to be helpful.
Son explication était trop imprécise pour être utile.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːmiəbl/

impermeable

imperméable
Meaning
Not allowing fluid or gas to pass through.
Example
The container is made of impermeable plastic.
Le conteneur est fabriqué en plastique imperméable.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdem.nə.ti/

Indemnity

indemnité
Meaning
security or protection against a loss or other financial burden; compensation for damage or loss
Example
The insurance company provided full indemnity for the damages caused by the flood.
La compagnie d'assurance a fourni une indemnité complète pour les dommages causés par l'inondation.
C1 noun /ɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃən/

intimidation

intimidation
Meaning
The action of frightening or threatening someone to make them do something.
Example
The workers reported cases of intimidation by the management.
Les travailleurs ont signalé des cas d'intimidation par la direction.
C1 noun /ˈɪmɪnəns/

imminence

imminence, état de proximité
Meaning
the state of being about to happen
Example
The imminence of the storm forced people to take shelter.
L'imminence de la tempête a forcé les gens à chercher un abri.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnhɒˈspɪtəbl/

inhospitable

inhospitalier
Meaning
Harsh and difficult to live in; unfriendly or unwelcoming to guests.
Example
The desert is an inhospitable environment for most plants.
Le désert est un environnement inhospitalier pour la plupart des plantes.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈedəbəl/

Inedible

incomestible
Meaning
not suitable or safe for eating; not edible
Example
The mushrooms were poisonous and completely inedible.
Les champignons étaient venimeux et complètement inédibles.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɜːs/

Inverse

inverse; opposé
Meaning
opposite in order, nature, or effect; reversed
Example
There is an inverse relationship between price and demand.
Il existe une relation inverse entre le prix et la demande.
C1 noun ˌɪrɪˈvɜːrsəbl ˈdæmɪdʒ

irreversible damage

dommages irréversibles
Meaning
Harm or injury that cannot be undone or repaired.
Example
Climate change causes irreversible damage to ecosystems.
Le changement climatique cause des dommages irréversibles aux écosystèmes.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrsənl/

impersonal

impersonnel
Meaning
not influenced by, showing, or involving personal feelings; lacking human warmth or emotion
Example
The letter was written in a very impersonal style.
La lettre a été écrite dans un style très impersonnel.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfleɪtɪd/

inflated

gonflé
Meaning
excessively increased in size, value, or importance; filled with air or gas
Example
The company faced criticism for its inflated prices.
L'entreprise a fait face à des critiques en raison de ses prix gonflés.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈstel.ər

interstellar

entre les étoiles, interstellaire, cosmique
Meaning
Occurring or situated between stars.
Example
Scientists study interstellar travel possibilities.
Les scientifiques étudient les possibilités de voyages interstellaires.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɜː.mə.nəns/

impermanence

impermanence
Meaning
The state or fact of lasting for only a limited period of time.
Example
The philosophy of Buddhism emphasizes the impermanence of life.
La philosophie bouddhiste met l'accent sur l'impermanence de la vie.
C1 noun ˌɪn.fɪlˈtreɪ.ʃən

infiltration

infiltration, accès secret
Meaning
The process of entering or gaining access to an organization or place surreptitiously.
Example
Cybersecurity prevents infiltration into sensitive data.
La cybersécurité empêche l'infiltration des données sensibles.
C1 noun /ɪnˈtruː.ʒən/

intrusion

intrusion non autorisée
Meaning
Unauthorized entry into a system or place without permission
Example
The company detected an intrusion in its server.
L'entreprise a détecté une intrusion dans son serveur.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflɛksəbl/

inflexible

inflexible
Meaning
Not able to bend or change; unwilling to change ideas or behavior.
Example
His inflexible attitude made negotiations difficult.
Son attitude inflexible rendait les négociations difficiles.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmækjələt/

immaculate

immaculé
Meaning
perfectly clean, neat, or free from flaws
Example
Her room was immaculate, with everything in its place.
Sa chambre était immaculée, tout était à sa place.
C1 noun ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs trəˈdɪʃənz

Indigenous Traditions

Traditions indigènes
Meaning
Cultural practices, beliefs, and customs that have been passed down through generations among native peoples.
Example
Indigenous traditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts are unique.
Les traditions indigènes dans les Chittagong Hill Tracts sont uniques.
C1 adjective /ˌɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/

illegitimate

illégitime
Meaning
Not authorized by law, rules, or standards; not recognized as valid.
Example
The court ruled the contract to be illegitimate.
Le tribunal a jugé que le contrat était illégitime.
C1 noun /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

insignificance

insignifiance
Meaning
The quality of being unimportant or trivial.
Example
He felt a sense of insignificance in the vast universe.
Il ressentait un sentiment d'insignifiance dans l'immensité de l'univers.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpæsəbəl/

impassable

impraticable
Meaning
Impossible to travel along or over.
Example
The road became impassable after the heavy snowfall.
La route est devenue impraticable après la forte neige.
C1 adjective /aɪˈdɪlɪk/

idyllic

idyllique et magnifique
Meaning
Like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque.
Example
They enjoyed an idyllic vacation by the sea.
Ils ont apprécié des vacances idylliques au bord de la mer.
C1 adverb /ˈɪnwərdli/

inwardly

intérieurement
Meaning
In the mind or spirit; not outwardly visible.
Example
She smiled outwardly but inwardly she was worried.
Elle a souri extérieurement, mais intérieurement elle était inquiète.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpæsɪv/

impassive

impassible
Meaning
Not showing or feeling emotion; expressionless.
Example
Despite the shocking news, she remained impassive.
Malgré les nouvelles choquantes, elle est restée impassible.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɛdɪmənt/

impediments

obstacles
Meaning
A hindrance or obstruction in doing something; things that prevent progress or achievement.
Example
Economic impediments often hinder social development.
Les obstacles économiques entravent souvent le développement social.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɪnsəbl/

invincible

invincible
Meaning
too powerful to be defeated or overcome
Example
The team seemed invincible after winning ten matches in a row.
L'équipe semblait invincible après avoir gagné dix matchs d'affilée.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛrɪl/

imperil

mettre en danger
Meaning
To put in danger or at risk.
Example
Reckless driving can imperil the lives of others.
La conduite imprudente peut mettre la vie des autres en danger.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɡreɪnd/

ingrained

enraciné
Meaning
Firmly fixed or established; deeply rooted and difficult to change.
Example
His ingrained habits were hard to break.
Ses habitudes enracinées étaient difficiles à briser.
C1 noun /ɪˈreləvəns/

irrelevance

irrélevance
Meaning
the quality of not being connected to or important for a particular matter; lack of significance
Example
His long explanation only highlighted the irrelevance of the details to the main issue.
Sa longue explication n’a fait que souligner l’irrélevance des détails pour le sujet principal.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɑːrʃəl/

Impartial

impartial; neutre
Meaning
treating all sides fairly; unbiased; neutral
Example
A good judge must remain impartial throughout the trial.
Un bon juge doit rester impartial tout au long du procès.
C1 adjective ˌɪdiəsɪnˈkrætɪk

idiosyncratic

particulier et individuel
Meaning
Relating to idiosyncrasy; peculiar or individual.
Example
His idiosyncratic behavior set him apart from his colleagues.
Son comportement idiosyncratique le distinguait de ses collègues.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

Innumerable

innombrable; incalculable; infini
Meaning
too many to be counted; countless; infinite in number
Example
There are innumerable stars in the night sky that we cannot see with our naked eyes.
Il y a d'innombrables étoiles dans le ciel nocturne que nous ne pouvons pas voir à l'œil nu.
C1 noun ɪnˈsɒl.vən.si

insolvency

insolvabilité
Meaning
The state of being unable to pay debts owed; bankruptcy.
Example
The company declared insolvency after years of losses.
L'entreprise a déclaré la faillite après des années de pertes.
C1 noun /aɪl/

isle

petite île
Meaning
A small island or peninsula, often poetic or literary.
Example
They spent their honeymoon on a beautiful tropical isle.
Ils ont passé leur lune de miel sur une belle île tropicale.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtənt/

inadvertent

involontaire, non intentionnel
Meaning
Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning; unintentional.
Example
Her inadvertent mistake caused a delay in the project.
Son erreur involontaire a causé un retard dans le projet.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɔːdəbl/

inaudible

inaudible
Meaning
Unable to be heard.
Example
Her voice was almost inaudible over the noise.
Sa voix était presque inaudible par-dessus le bruit.
C1 noun ˌɪnfɛsˈteɪʃən

infestation

infestation, présence anormalement élevée d'insectes ou d'animaux dans un endroit
Meaning
The presence of an unusually large number of insects or animals in a place, causing damage or disease.
Example
The infestation of ants in the kitchen led to immediate pest control measures.
L'infestation de fourmis dans la cuisine a conduit à des mesures immédiates de contrôle des nuisibles.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛfjʊtəbəl/

Irrefutable

irréfutable
Meaning
impossible to deny or disprove; undeniable
Example
The evidence against him was irrefutable.
Les preuves contre lui étaient irréfutables.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkɒmp(ə)rəbl/

incomparable

incomparable
Meaning
Without an equal in quality or excellence; matchless.
Example
The view from the mountain was incomparable.
La vue depuis la montagne était incomparable.
C1 adjective /ˈɪrɪtəbl/

irritable

irritable
Meaning
easily annoyed or made angry
Example
She became irritable after working long hours without rest.
Elle est devenue irritable après avoir travaillé de longues heures sans repos.
C1 verb /ˈɪtəreɪt/

iterate

itérer
Meaning
To repeat a process or statement, often to improve or refine.
Example
The software team will iterate the design until it meets user needs.
L'équipe de développement itérera la conception jusqu'à ce qu'elle réponde aux besoins des utilisateurs.
C1 verb ɪˈmɜːrs

immerse

plonger
Meaning
To involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest; to surround completely.
Example
Immerse yourself in the new language.
Plongez-vous dans la nouvelle langue.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛvərənt/

irreverent

irrévérencieux
Meaning
showing a lack of respect for people or things that are usually respected
Example
The comedian’s irreverent jokes offended some of the audience.
Les blagues irrévérencieuses du comédien ont offensé certains membres du public.
C1 noun /ˌɪntəkəˈnɛktɪvɪti/

interconnectivity

interconnexion
Meaning
The state of being interconnected or the degree of connectivity between components
Example
The rise of interconnectivity has transformed global communication.
L'essor de l'interconnectivité a transformé la communication mondiale.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtɒksɪkeɪt/

intoxicate

bonheur
Meaning
to make someone lose control of their faculties or behavior due to alcohol or drugs
Example
The strong drink quickly intoxicated him.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl̩ ˈkɒmpɪtənsi

indispensable competency

compétence indispensable
Meaning
Essential skill or ability that cannot be done without; a crucial capability that is absolutely necessary.
Example
Digital literacy is an indispensable competency in the 21st century.
L'alphabétisation numérique est une compétence indispensable au XXIe siècle.
C1 noun /ˈɪnkjʊˌbeɪtər/

incubator

incubateur
Meaning
a device or environment that provides suitable conditions for eggs, cells, or infants to develop
Example
The premature baby was placed in an incubator for care.
Le bébé prématuré a été placé dans un incubateur pour ses soins.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtənt/

incompetent

incompétent
Meaning
Lacking the necessary ability or skills to do something successfully.
Example
He was fired because he was incompetent at his job.
Il a été licencié parce qu'il était incompétent dans son travail.
C1 adjective /ˈɪntrɪkət/

intricate

complexe
Meaning
very detailed, complex, and difficult to understand
Example
The artist created an intricate pattern on the wall.
L'artiste a créé un motif complexe sur le mur.
C1 noun /ˈɪnflʌks/

influx

afflux
Meaning
A large arrival or flow of people or things.
Example
The city experienced an influx of tourists during the festival.
La ville a connu un afflux de touristes pendant le festival.
C1 adjective ˈɪn.lənd

Inland

intérieur
Meaning
Situated in the interior of a country; away from the coast.
Example
Inland transport boosts local trade.
Le transport intérieur stimule le commerce local.
C1 adjective /ˈaɪərnˌklæd/

ironclad

inflexible
Meaning
impossible to change, break, or dispute; very strong and firm
Example
The company had an ironclad contract with its suppliers.
L'entreprise avait un contrat inflexible avec ses fournisseurs.
C1 noun ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si

inefficiency

inefficacité
Meaning
The state or quality of not achieving maximum productivity; failure to make the best use of time or resources.
Example
Government inefficiency leads to slow project completion.
L'inefficacité du gouvernement entraîne une réalisation lente du projet.
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.dɪˈspen.sə.bəl/

indispensable

indispensable
Meaning
Absolutely necessary, essential
Example
Water is indispensable for human survival.
L'eau est indispensable à la survie humaine.
C1 adjective /ˌaɪ.di.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

ideological

idéologique
Meaning
Relating to or based on a system of ideas or beliefs.
Example
The two parties are divided by deep ideological differences.
Les deux partis sont divisés par de profondes divergences idéologiques.
C1 noun /ɪmˈbæl.əns/

Imbalance

déséquilibre
Meaning
lack of proportion or relation between corresponding things; unequal distribution
Example
The doctor said the patient's dizziness was caused by an inner ear imbalance.
Le docteur a dit que les vertiges du patient étaient causés par un déséquilibre dans l'oreille interne.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

inhibited

inhibé
Meaning
Unable to act in a relaxed and natural way, especially due to self-consciousness or restraint.
Example
He was too inhibited to express his true feelings.
Il était trop inhibé pour exprimer ses vrais sentiments.
C1 adjective ɪnɪɡˈzɔːstɪbəl

inexhaustible

inépuisable
Meaning
Unable to be used up or worn out; limitless.
Example
His inexhaustible energy allowed him to work tirelessly on his projects.
Son énergie inépuisable lui a permis de travailler sans relâche sur ses projets.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

inquisitive

inquisitif
Meaning
Curious or eager to learn and ask questions.
Example
The inquisitive child asked endless questions about the stars.
L'enfant inquisitif a posé d'innombrables questions sur les étoiles.
C1 verb /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/

improvise

improviser
Meaning
To create or perform something spontaneously without preparation.
Example
The actor had to improvise his lines when he forgot the script.
L'acteur a dû improviser ses répliques lorsqu'il a oublié le script.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtruːd/

intrude

interrompre
Meaning
To enter a place or situation where one is not wanted or not invited.
Example
He felt embarrassed to intrude on their private conversation.
Il s'est senti embarrassé d'interrompre leur conversation privée.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtjuː.ɪ.tɪv/

intuitive

intuitif
Meaning
Based on instinctive understanding rather than reasoning.
Example
The software has an intuitive design that makes it easy to use.
Le logiciel a un design intuitif qui le rend facile à utiliser.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃ/

impoverish

appauvrir
Meaning
To make someone poor or reduce the quality or richness of something.
Example
The long war impoverished the entire nation.
La longue guerre a appauvri toute la nation.
C1 verb /ˈɪnsjuleɪt/

insulate

isoler
Meaning
To protect something by covering it, especially to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from escaping or entering.
Example
The house was insulated to reduce heating costs.
La maison a été isolée pour réduire les coûts de chauffage.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkɑːrˈneɪʃən/

incarnation

incarnation
Meaning
the embodiment of a deity, spirit, or quality in a physical form
Example
The monk was considered the incarnation of compassion.
Le moine était considéré comme l'incarnation de la compassion.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnsjələr/

insular

étroit d'esprit, relatif à une île
Meaning
Narrow-minded, isolated, or relating to an island.
Example
The community was criticized for its insular attitudes toward outsiders.
La communauté a été critiquée pour ses attitudes insulaires envers les étrangers.
C1 noun /ˌɪm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/

Imposition

imposition; charge; demande injuste
Meaning
the action or process of imposing something or of being imposed; an unfair burden or demand
Example
The imposition of new taxes without consultation angered the citizens greatly.
L'imposition de nouvelles taxes sans consultation a profondément enragé les citoyens.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtræk.tə.bəl/

intractable

incontrôlable
Meaning
Difficult or impossible to manage, control, or solve.
Example
The conflict has become an intractable problem.
Le conflit est devenu un problème incontrôlable.
C1 noun /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

indignation

indignation
Meaning
Strong displeasure or anger caused by something unjust, offensive, or insulting.
Example
Public indignation grew after the unfair verdict.
L'indignation publique a grandi après le verdict injuste.
C1 noun/verb /ˈɪnsɛns/

incense

encens / irriter
Meaning
a substance burned for its sweet smell (noun); to make very angry (verb)
Example
The smell of incense filled the temple, but his rude words incensed her.
L'odeur de l'encens remplissait le temple, mais ses mots impolis l'ont mise en colère.
C1 noun /ɪˌluːmɪˈneɪʃən/

illumination

éclairage
Meaning
the act of lighting something or making something clear
Example
The street was filled with bright illumination from the lamps.
La rue était éclairée par l'éclairage brillant des lampes.
C1 noun /ˈɪnsɪdəns/

incidence

incidence
Meaning
the occurrence, rate, or frequency of something
Example
The incidence of road accidents has decreased this year.
L'incidence des accidents de la route a diminué cette année.
C1 noun ɪmˈpɛə(r)mənt

impairment

dommages, handicap
Meaning
The state of being damaged or weakened; a disability or handicap.
Example
Hearing impairment can be caused by long-term exposure to loud noise.
La perte auditive peut être causée par une exposition prolongée à des bruits forts.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvaɪzəbl/

inadvisable

déconseillé
Meaning
Not recommended; likely to have undesirable consequences.
Example
It is inadvisable to drive in such heavy rain.
Il est déconseillé de conduire sous une telle pluie forte.
C1 verb /ˌɪn.trəˈspekt/

introspect

introspecter
Meaning
To examine one's own thoughts, feelings, or mental state.
Example
He often introspects before making important decisions.
Il se livre souvent à de l'introspection avant de prendre des décisions importantes.
C1 noun /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪtər/

instigator

instigateur
Meaning
A person who brings about or initiates something, usually something bad.
Example
The police identified him as the instigator of the violence.
La police l'a identifié comme l'instigateur de la violence.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfɜːm/

infirm

fragile
Meaning
Weak, especially due to old age or illness.
Example
The infirm old man needed assistance to walk.
L'homme âgé et fragile avait besoin d'aide pour marcher.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ/

imposing

imposant
Meaning
having an appearance that is grand, impressive, or commanding
Example
The castle is an imposing structure overlooking the valley.
Le château est une structure imposante qui surplombe la vallée.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsæn.ə.ti/

Insanity

folie; démence
Meaning
the state of being seriously mentally ill; extreme foolishness or irrationality
Example
The defense lawyer argued that his client was not guilty by reason of insanity.
L'avocat de la défense a soutenu que son client n'était pas coupable pour cause de folie.
C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

impasse
Meaning
A situation where no progress is possible.
Example
The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.
Les négociations ont atteint un impasse, retardant l'accord.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsʌf.ər.ə.bəl/

insufferable

insupportable
Meaning
Too extreme to bear; intolerable.
Example
The heat during the summer was insufferable.
La chaleur pendant l'été était insupportable.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkɒmprɪˈhɛnsəbl/

incomprehensible

incompréhensible
Meaning
Impossible or very difficult to understand.
Example
The professor’s lecture was so fast it became incomprehensible.
Le cours du professeur était tellement rapide qu'il est devenu incompréhensible.