improvident
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C2 adjective /ɪmˈprɒvɪdənt/

improvident

imprudent
Meaning
Not having or showing foresight; spending wastefully or without thought for the future.
Example
His improvident habits left him with no savings.
Ses habitudes imprudentes l'ont laissé sans économies.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈtræn.sɪ.dʒənt/

intransigent

intransigeant, têtu, obstiné
Meaning
Unwilling or refusing to change one's views or to agree about something.
Example
His intransigent stance delayed the agreement.
Son attitude intransigeante a retardé l'accord.
C2 adjective /aɪˈsɒ.krə.nəs/

isochronous

se produisant à intervalles de temps égaux
Meaning
Occurring at equal time intervals; in unison or synchrony.
Example
The pendulum swings are isochronous, repeating at equal intervals.
Les balancements du pendule sont isochrones, se répétant à intervalles égaux.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvʌlnərəbl/

invulnerable

invulnérable
Meaning
Impossible to harm, damage, or defeat.
Example
The fortress was thought to be invulnerable to attack.
La forteresse était considérée comme invulnérable aux attaques.
C2 adjective /ˌɪlˈneɪ.tʃəd/

ill-natured

de mauvaise nature
Meaning
Having a bad or unpleasant character; unkind or malicious.
Example
He made an ill-natured remark about his colleague.
Il a fait une remarque de mauvaise nature à propos de son collègue.
C2 noun /ɪmˌprɒb.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Improbability

improbabilité
Meaning
the quality or state of being improbable; unlikely to be true or to happen
Example
The improbability of winning the lottery twice didn't stop her from buying tickets.
L'improbabilité de gagner à la loterie deux fois ne l'a pas empêchée d'acheter des billets.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkænˈdɛsənt/

incandescent

incandescent
Meaning
emitting light as a result of being heated; extremely bright or passionate
Example
The incandescent lamp lit up the entire hall.
La lampe incandescente a éclairé toute la salle.
C2 verb /ˈɪndjʊˌreɪt/

indurate

endurcir
Meaning
To harden or make something physically or emotionally tough.
Example
Years of hardship indurated his spirit.
Des années de difficultés ont induré son esprit.
C2 verb /ɪˈmjʊər/

immure

enfermer
Meaning
to confine or enclose someone against their will
Example
The prisoner was immured in a dark cell.
Le prisonnier a été enfermé dans une cellule sombre.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɜːrmənt/

interment

inhumation
Meaning
The act of burying a dead body in a grave or tomb.
Example
The interment took place at the family cemetery.
L'inhumation a eu lieu au cimetière familial.
C2 verb /ˈɪmprɛɡneɪt/

impregnate

imprégner / rendre enceinte
Meaning
To make pregnant; to fill or saturate with something.
Example
The scientist used a method to impregnate the material with resin.
Le scientifique a utilisé une méthode pour imprégner le matériau de résine.
C2 noun /ˌɪdiəˈsɪŋkrəsi/

idiosyncrasy

idiosyncrasie
Meaning
A distinctive or peculiar characteristic, habit, or mannerism unique to an individual.
Example
One of her idiosyncrasies was humming while working.
L'une de ses idiosyncrasies était de fredonner en travaillant.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.kɒn/

ikon

image religieuse ou symbole
Meaning
A religious image or symbol, especially in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Example
The church displayed a beautifully painted ikon of the Virgin Mary.
L'église a exposé un ikon magnifiquement peint de la Vierge Marie.
C2 adjective /ˈɪnmoʊst/

inmost

le plus intime
Meaning
Situated at the very heart or deepest part; most private or secret.
Example
She revealed her inmost thoughts to her closest friend.
Elle a révélé ses pensées les plus intimes à son ami le plus proche.
C2 adjective /ˌɪn.ɪˈlʌk.tə.bəl/

ineluctable

inéluctable
Meaning
Impossible to avoid or escape; inevitable.
Example
Death is an ineluctable part of human existence.
La mort est une partie inéluctable de l'existence humaine.
C2 verb /ˌɪmpɔːrˈtuːn/

importune

demander insistant
Meaning
To ask someone persistently or pressingly for something
Example
The child importuned his mother for a new toy.
L'enfant importunait sa mère pour un nouveau jouet.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndaɪˈdʒestəbəl/

Indigestible

indigeste; difficile à digérer
Meaning
difficult or impossible to digest; hard to process in the stomach
Example
The old bread became hard and indigestible.
Le vieux pain est devenu dur et indigeste.
C2 noun /ɪmˌpɜːrtərbəˈbɪləti/

imperturbability

imperturbabilité
Meaning
The quality of being calm and not easily disturbed or upset.
Example
Her imperturbability during the crisis impressed everyone.
Son imperturbabilité pendant la crise a impressionné tout le monde.
C2 adverb /ˌɪnəzˈmʌtʃ/

inasmuch

dans la mesure où
Meaning
To the extent that; considering that.
Example
Inasmuch as you are their teacher, you should guide them carefully.
Dans la mesure où vous êtes leur enseignant, vous devez les guider soigneusement.
C2 noun /ˌɪlɪbəˈræləti/

illiberality

intolérance
Meaning
The quality of being illiberal; lack of tolerance or generosity.
Example
The illiberality of the new laws alarmed the citizens.
L'illibéralité des nouvelles lois a alarmé les citoyens.
C2 noun /ˈɪndələns/

indolence

indolence
Meaning
Avoidance of activity or exertion; laziness.
Example
His indolence kept him from finishing the project on time.
Son indolence l'a empêché de terminer le projet à temps.
C2 noun /ˌɪmprəˈsɑːrioʊ/

impresario

impresario
Meaning
A person who organizes or finances concerts, plays, or operas.
Example
The impresario arranged a series of concerts for the rising star.
L'impresario a organisé une série de concerts pour la star montante.
C2 verb /ɪˈreɪdieɪt/

irradiate

irradier
Meaning
to shine light on something; to expose to radiation; to illuminate or brighten
Example
The scientist used a lamp to irradiate the sample.
Le scientifique a utilisé une lampe pour irradier l'échantillon.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈvɜːrtɪbəl/

indivertible

indivertible
Meaning
Not able to be turned aside or diverted.
Example
The judge's indivertible attention was on the case.
L'attention indivertible du juge était sur l'affaire.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɪəriəs/

imperious

impérieux
Meaning
Arrogantly domineering or overbearing.
Example
Her imperious tone made it hard for others to argue.
Son ton impérieux rendait difficile pour les autres de discuter.
C2 adjective /ˌaɪdəˈlɑːtrɪəs/

idolatrious

idolâtre
Meaning
Excessively devoted or reverent towards idols or false gods.
Example
The ancient tribe was known for its idolatrious practices.
La tribu ancienne était connue pour ses pratiques idolâtres.
C2 adjective ˌɪn.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs

inefficacious

inefficace
Meaning
Not producing any or the desired effect; ineffective.
Example
The treatment was inefficacious in curing the disease.
Le traitement a été inefficace pour guérir la maladie.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɜːrstɪs/

interstice

interstice
Meaning
a small space that lies between things
Example
Light filtered through the narrow interstices of the wall.
La lumière s'est filtrée à travers les étroites interstices du mur.
C2 adjective /ˌɪntəˈrɒɡətəri/

interrogatory

interrogatif
Meaning
expressed in the form of a question; relating to questioning
Example
The lawyer’s interrogatory tone made the witness uncomfortable.
Le ton interrogatif de l'avocat a rendu le témoin mal à l'aise.
C2 adjective /ɪmˌpɜːrˈsweɪdəbl/

impersuadable

impossible à persuader
Meaning
not able to be convinced or persuaded
Example
She remained impersuadable despite all our arguments.
Elle est restée impossible à persuader malgré tous nos arguments.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈdjuːbɪtəbl/

indubitable

indubitable
Meaning
Impossible to doubt; unquestionable.
Example
It is indubitable that hard work leads to success.
Il est indubitable que le travail acharné mène au succès.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnˈekspɜːrt/

inexpert

inexpérimenté
Meaning
not skilled or experienced; lacking expertise
Example
The inexpert handling of the machine caused several mistakes.
La manipulation inexpérimentée de la machine a causé plusieurs erreurs.
C2 adjective /ˈɪl bred/

Ill-bred

mal eleve
Meaning
lacking good manners; rude; showing poor upbringing
Example
His ill-bred behavior shocked everyone at the dinner party.
His ill-bred behavior shocked everyone at the dinner party.
C2 noun /ˈɪɡ.nəˌmɪn.i/

ignominy

ignominie
Meaning
Public shame, disgrace, or dishonor.
Example
He lived the rest of his life in ignominy after the scandal.
Il a vécu le reste de sa vie dans l'ignominie après le scandale.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈklɛmɛnt/

inclement

météo inclemente
Meaning
unpleasantly cold, wet, or stormy (usually weather)
Example
The match was canceled due to inclement weather.
Le match a été annulé à cause du mauvais temps.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsaɪzər/

incisor

incisive
Meaning
a narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth, adapted for cutting
Example
The dentist noted that his upper left incisor was chipped.
Le dentiste a remarqué que son incisif supérieur gauche était fissuré.
C2 noun /ˈɪnsələns/

insolence

insolence
Meaning
rude or disrespectful behavior
Example
The teacher was shocked by the student's insolence.
L'enseignant a été choqué par l'insolence de l'élève.
C2 adjective /ɪnhɑːrˈmoʊniəs/

Inharmonious

inharmonieux
Meaning
lacking harmony; discordant in sound; not in tune
Example
The inharmonious sounds from the broken piano made everyone cover their ears.
Les sons inharmonieux du piano cassé ont obligé tout le monde à se couvrir les oreilles.
C2 adverb /ˈɪntʃmiːl/

inchmeal

petit à petit
Meaning
Gradually, little by little.
Example
The old castle fell inchmeal into ruin.
Le vieux château est tombé petit à petit en ruine.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈdɛsənt/

iridescent

iridescent
Meaning
showing luminous colors that seem to change when seen from different angles
Example
She wore an iridescent dress that sparkled in the light.
Elle portait une robe iridescente qui scintillait à la lumière.
C2 verb /ˈɪmprɪkeɪt/

imprecate

imprécation
Meaning
To utter a curse or invoke evil upon someone.
Example
The old woman imprecated her enemies with dark words.
La vieille femme a impréqué ses ennemis avec des mots sombres.
C2 verb /ˌɪn.trəˈmɪt/

intromit

introduire
Meaning
To insert or introduce something into a place or body.
Example
The doctor carefully intromitted the instrument into the wound.
Le médecin a introduit soigneusement l'instrument dans la plaie.
C2 noun /ˌɪrɪˈdɛsəns/

iridescence

brillance iridescente
Meaning
a play of lustrous, changing colors like those of a rainbow
Example
The butterfly's wings shimmered with iridescence.
Les ailes du papillon brillaient d'une brillance iridescente.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈkɒnsɪləbl/

irreconcilable

irréconciliable
Meaning
impossible to make compatible or bring into harmony; unable to resolve differences
Example
The couple separated due to irreconcilable differences.
Le couple s'est séparé en raison de différences irréconciliables.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvaɪələt/

inviolate

inviolé
Meaning
free from violation, injury, or desecration; kept safe and untouched
Example
The ancient temple remained inviolate for centuries.
Le temple ancien est resté inviolé pendant des siècles.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈkɒnstənt/

inconstant

inconstant
Meaning
frequently changing; not consistent or dependable
Example
His inconstant moods made it difficult to work with him.
Ses humeurs inconstantes rendaient difficile de travailler avec lui.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈrɛɡnəm/

interregnum

interrègne
Meaning
A period between rulers or governments when normal leadership is suspended.
Example
The country faced instability during the interregnum after the king’s death.
Le pays a connu de l’instabilité pendant l’interrègne après la mort du roi.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsɪdərəbl/

inconsiderable

insignifiant
Meaning
Too small or unimportant to be worth considering.
Example
The donation was not inconsiderable, though smaller than expected.
La donation n'était pas insignifiante, bien qu'elle fût plus petite que prévu.
C2 adjective ɪˈnɛfəbl

ineffable

ineffable
Meaning
Too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words.
Example
The beauty of the landscape was ineffable.
La beauté du paysage était ineffable.
C2 adjective /ˌɪmpəˈmɪsəbl/

impermissible

interdit
Meaning
Not permitted or allowed.
Example
Such behavior is impermissible in the workplace.
Un tel comportement est interdit sur le lieu de travail.
C2 adverb /ˈaɪsɪli/

icily

glacialement
Meaning
In a very cold, unfriendly, or hostile manner.
Example
She replied icily to his question.
Elle a répondu glaciellement à sa question.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpiənt/

incipient

incipient
Meaning
in an initial stage; beginning to develop
Example
The incipient storm made the sky turn dark and heavy.
La tempête incipiente a fait assombrir le ciel et le rendre lourd.
C2 noun /ˈɪndɪkənt/

indicant

indicateur
Meaning
Something that indicates or points to a fact or condition.
Example
High fever is often an indicant of infection.
La fièvre élevée est souvent un indicateur d'infection.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpaɪ.ə.ti/

Impiety

impiété
Meaning
lack of piety or reverence, especially for a god; disrespect or irreverence toward religious matters
Example
His impiety shocked the religious community when he mocked their sacred ceremonies.
Son impiété a choqué la communauté religieuse lorsqu'il s'est moqué de leurs cérémonies sacrées.
C2 verb /ˌɪntərˈsiːd/

intercede

intercéder
Meaning
to act or plead on behalf of someone in difficulty or trouble; to intervene between parties to help resolve a dispute
Example
She interceded with the teacher to give her brother another chance.
Elle a intercédé auprès du professeur pour donner une autre chance à son frère.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛndiˌɛri/

incendiary

incendiaire / provocateur
Meaning
designed to cause fires or stir up conflict
Example
The politician’s incendiary remarks angered the crowd.
Les remarques incendiaires du politicien ont mis en colère la foule.
C2 adjective /ˌɪn.trəˈsɛl.jʊ.lər/

intracellular

à l'intérieur de la cellule
Meaning
Located or occurring within a cell.
Example
The drug works by targeting intracellular bacteria.
Le médicament agit en ciblant les bactéries intracellulaires.
C2 noun /aɪˈoʊtə/

iota

une quantité infime
Meaning
An extremely small amount.
Example
He did not show an iota of fear.
Il n'a montré même pas une infime quantité de peur.
C2 noun /ˈaɪdɪl/

idyll

scène idyllique
Meaning
An extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque episode or scene, often idealized.
Example
Their honeymoon was an idyll on a tropical island.
Leur lune de miel était une scène idyllique sur une île tropicale.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈskruːtəbl̩/

inscrutable

bonheur
Meaning
impossible to understand or interpret
Example
His inscrutable expression made it hard to know what he was thinking.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C2 noun /ˈɪrɪɡənt/

irrigant

liquide d'irrigation
Meaning
A liquid used for irrigation, especially in medical or agricultural contexts.
Example
The doctor used a sterile irrigant during the procedure.
Le médecin a utilisé un irrigant stérile pendant la procédure.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpɒs.tʃər/

Imposture

imposture; fraude; tromperie
Meaning
the practice of deceiving others by pretending to be someone else; fraudulent deception
Example
The elaborate imposture lasted for months before investigators uncovered the truth.
L'imposture élaborée a duré des mois avant que les enquêteurs ne découvrent la vérité.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɔːrtʃənət/

importunate

importun
Meaning
Persistent to the point of annoyance or intrusion
Example
The importunate salesman kept calling despite repeated refusals.
Le vendeur importun a continué à appeler malgré les refus répétés.
C2 noun /ˈɪntərˌveɪl/

intervale

terre basse le long d'une rivière, généralement fertile et plate
Meaning
A low-lying tract of land along a river, usually fertile and flat.
Example
The farmers cultivated crops on the lush intervale by the river.
Les agriculteurs ont cultivé des cultures dans l'intervalle fertile près de la rivière.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsuːpərəbl/

insuperable

insurmontable
Meaning
Impossible to overcome or surpass.
Example
The team faced insuperable challenges during the expedition.
L'équipe a fait face à des défis insurmontables lors de l'expédition.
C2 adjective /ˌɪm.pəˈfɛk.tə.bəl/

imperfectible

imparfaitible
Meaning
Incapable of being made perfect or complete.
Example
Some human qualities are considered imperfectible.
Certaines qualités humaines sont considérées comme imparfaitibles.
C2 adjective /ɪˈnɪmɪkəl/

inimical

hostile / défavorable
Meaning
tending to obstruct or harm; unfriendly or hostile
Example
The policy was inimical to the country's economic growth.
La politique était défavorable à la croissance économique du pays.
C2 verb /ɪnˈsɪnəˌreɪt/

incinerate

incinérer
Meaning
to burn something completely until it is reduced to ashes
Example
The city decided to incinerate the medical waste for safety.
La ville a décidé d'incinérer les déchets médicaux pour des raisons de sécurité.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkoʊˈɜːrsəbl̩/

incoercible

incoercible
Meaning
Not capable of being forced, compelled, or restrained.
Example
Her incoercible spirit inspired others to fight for justice.
Son esprit incoercible a inspiré les autres à lutter pour la justice.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpɪd/

insipid

insipide
Meaning
lacking flavor, interest, or excitement; dull
Example
The soup was insipid and needed more seasoning.
La soupe était insipide et avait besoin de plus d'assaisonnement.
C2 noun /ˈɪntərˌloʊpər/

interloper

intrus
Meaning
A person who becomes involved in a situation or place where they are not wanted.
Example
He felt like an interloper at the private family gathering.
Il se sentait comme un intrus lors de la réunion familiale privée.
C2 noun /ˌɪmbəˈsɪləti/

imbecility

imbécillité
Meaning
Extreme foolishness, stupidity, or weakness of mind.
Example
The plan was abandoned due to its sheer imbecility.
Le plan a été abandonné en raison de son imbecilité pure.
C2 verb ɪmˈbaɪb

imbibe

absorber, assimiler, boire
Meaning
Absorb or assimilate ideas or knowledge. To drink or take in.
Example
He tried to imbibe the wisdom from his mentor.
Il a essayé d'absorber la sagesse de son mentor.
C2 verb /ɜːrk/

irk

agacer
Meaning
to annoy or irritate someone
Example
It irks me when people are late without calling.
Ça m'agace quand les gens arrivent en retard sans appeler.
C2 noun /ˈaɪdlər/

idler

fainéant
Meaning
A person who avoids work or spends time lazily.
Example
He was known as an idler who wasted his days.
Il était connu comme un fainéant qui gâchait ses journées.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈmiːdiəbl̩/

irremediable

irrémédiable
Meaning
Impossible to cure, repair, or remedy.
Example
The damage to the ancient manuscript was irremediable.
Les dommages au manuscrit ancien étaient irrémédiables.
C2 noun /ˌɪmprɪˈmɑːtər/

imprimatur

imprimatur
Meaning
An official license or approval, especially to publish a book.
Example
The book was released with the official imprimatur of the church.
Le livre a été publié avec l'imprimatur officiel de l'église.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkɒntrəˈvɜːtəbl/

incontrovertible

incontournable
Meaning
impossible to deny or dispute; unquestionable
Example
The evidence was incontrovertible and proved his innocence.
La preuve était incontestable et a prouvé son innocence.
C2 noun /ˈɪn.fɪ.del/

Infidel

infidèle
Meaning
a person who does not believe in religion or whose religious beliefs differ from one's own
Example
In historical contexts, crusaders often referred to their enemies as infidels.
Dans des contextes historiques, les croisés se référaient souvent à leurs ennemis comme des infidèles.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdɒktrɪˌneɪt/

indoctrinate

endoctriner
Meaning
To teach someone to fully accept a set of beliefs or ideas without question.
Example
The regime tried to indoctrinate the youth with propaganda.
Le régime a tenté d'endoctriner la jeunesse avec de la propagande.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈdjuːsəbl/

irreducible

irréductible
Meaning
impossible to reduce or simplify further
Example
The fraction 3/7 is irreducible.
La fraction 3/7 est irréductible.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈtɛsteɪt/

intestate

décédé sans testament
Meaning
Having died without leaving a valid will.
Example
She died intestate, so her assets were distributed by law.
Elle est décédée sans testament, donc ses biens ont été répartis par la loi.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈprəʊtʃəbl̩/

irreproachable

irréprochable
Meaning
Beyond criticism; faultless.
Example
The judge was known for his irreproachable integrity.
Le juge était connu pour son intégrité irréprochable.
C2 verb /ɪnˈveɪɡəl/

inveigle

manipuler
Meaning
To persuade someone to do something by deception or flattery.
Example
She inveigled him into signing the contract.
Elle l'a dupé pour qu'il signe le contrat.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈtriːvəbl/

irretrievable

irrécupérable
Meaning
impossible to recover or regain
Example
The documents were lost in an irretrievable way after the fire.
Les documents ont été perdus de manière irrécupérable après l'incendie.
C2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈniːsaɪn/

internecine

conflit interne
Meaning
Relating to conflict within a group, often causing mutual destruction.
Example
The internecine conflict weakened the organization from within.
Le conflit interne a affaibli l'organisation de l'intérieur
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛmpərəns/

intemperance

intempérance
Meaning
Lack of moderation or self-control, especially with drinking or eating.
Example
His intemperance in drinking ruined his health.
Son intempérance dans l'alcool a ruiné sa santé.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsuːsiəns/

insouciance

insouciance
Meaning
Casual lack of concern; indifference.
Example
She carried herself with an air of insouciance, unbothered by the challenges ahead.
Elle marchait avec un air d'insouciance, sans se soucier des défis à venir.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpruː.dəns/

Imprudence

imprudence; négligence; témérité
Meaning
the quality of being imprudent; lack of care for consequences; recklessness
Example
His financial imprudence led to bankruptcy within just two years.
Son imprudence financière a conduit à la faillite en seulement deux ans.
C2 noun /ɪˈreɪdiəns/

irradiance

irradiance
Meaning
the quality of shining brightly; the intensity of light falling on a surface
Example
The irradiance of the sun at noon was overwhelming.
L'irradiance du soleil à midi était accablante.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɛstɪməbl/

inestimable

inestimable
Meaning
Too great or valuable to be measured or estimated.
Example
Her contribution to the project was of inestimable value.
Sa contribution au projet avait une valeur inestimable.
C2 verb /ɪnˈsteɪt/

instate

installer
Meaning
To set up in position, office, or authority.
Example
The board decided to instate her as the new director.
Le conseil a décidé de l'instaurer en tant que nouveau directeur.
C2 verb /ɪnˈɡrɑːft/

ingraft

implanter
Meaning
To implant or fix deeply, often used in the sense of grafting an idea or quality.
Example
The teacher tried to ingraft good manners in the students.
Le professeur a essayé d'implanter de bonnes manières chez les étudiants.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛptɪv/

inceptive

initial
Meaning
Relating to or marking the beginning or initial stage of something.
Example
The inceptive phase of the project was marked by enthusiastic planning.
La phase inceptive du projet a été marquée par une planification enthousiaste.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈprɛsəbl/

incompressible

incompressible
Meaning
Not able to be pressed or squeezed into a smaller space.
Example
Liquids are generally considered incompressible.
Les liquides sont généralement considérés comme incompressibles.
C2 noun /ɪnˈdɛntʃər/

indenture

contrat d'indenture
Meaning
A formal legal agreement, contract, or document, often relating to work or service.
Example
In the 18th century, many workers came under indenture to work overseas.
Au XVIIIe siècle, de nombreux travailleurs étaient sous contrat d'indenture pour travailler à l'étranger.
C2 noun /ˌɪmprəˈpraɪəti/

impropriety

impropriété
Meaning
Failure to observe standards of honesty or modesty; improper behavior.
Example
The politician was accused of financial impropriety.
Le politicien a été accusé d'impropriété financière.
C2 adjective /ɪˈlɪmɪtəbl/

illimitable

illimité
Meaning
Without limits or bounds.
Example
The universe is often described as illimitable.
L'univers est souvent décrit comme illimité.
C2 noun /ˌɪndɛnˈteɪʃən/

indentation

indentation
Meaning
A space left at the beginning of a line of text; a notch or deep recess on a surface.
Example
The teacher asked the students to use proper indentation in their essays.
Le professeur a demandé aux élèves d'utiliser une indentation correcte dans leurs essais.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvɪdiəs/

invidious

envieux
Meaning
likely to arouse resentment, envy, or anger in others
Example
The manager's invidious remarks created tension among the employees.
Les remarques envieuses du manager ont créé des tensions parmi les employés.
C2 noun /aɪˈdɒlətri/

idolatry

idolâtrie
Meaning
The worship of idols or extreme admiration for someone or something.
Example
The priest condemned the idolatry practiced in the village.
Le prêtre a condamné l'idolâtrie pratiquée dans le village.
C2 verb /ˌɪnkəˈpæsɪteɪt/

incapacitate

incapaciter
Meaning
to deprive someone or something of the ability or strength to function
Example
The severe injury incapacitated the player for the rest of the season.
La blessure grave a rendu le joueur incapable pour le reste de la saison.
C2 noun /ˌɪkθiˈɒlədʒɪst/

ichthyologist

ichtyologiste
Meaning
A scientist who studies fish.
Example
The ichthyologist discovered a new species of fish in the river.
L'ichtyologiste a découvert une nouvelle espèce de poisson dans la rivière.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnʃənt/

insentient

insensible
Meaning
Lacking perception, consciousness, or sensation.
Example
The rock is an insentient object with no awareness.
Le rocher est un objet insensible sans conscience.
C2 noun /ˈɪkθiəˌsɔːrz/

ichthyosaurs

ichtyosaures (un type de reptile marin éteint)
Meaning
Extinct marine reptiles that resembled fish and dolphins, dominant during the Mesozoic era.
Example
Ichthyosaurs were swift predators of the ancient seas.
Les ichtyosaures étaient des prédateurs rapides des mers anciennes.
C2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈlɒkjətəri/

interlocutory

provisoire
Meaning
Given during the course of a legal action, not final but temporary or provisional.
Example
The judge issued an interlocutory order to maintain the status quo until the hearing.
Le juge a émis une ordonnance provisoire pour maintenir le statu quo jusqu'à l'audience.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdaɪt/

indite

composer
Meaning
To write or compose (literary or formal works).
Example
The poet indited a heartfelt sonnet.
Le poète a composé un sonnet sincère.
C2 verb /ɪnˈhjuːm/

inhume

inhumer
Meaning
to bury a dead body in the ground
Example
They inhumed the warrior with full honors.
Ils ont inhumé le guerrier avec tous les honneurs.
C2 noun /ɪnˈfriːkwəns/

infrequence

infréquence
Meaning
The state of occurring rarely or at long intervals.
Example
The infrequence of their meetings made it hard to maintain close ties.
L'infréquence de leurs réunions rendait difficile le maintien de liens étroits.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvɛtərət/

inveterate

invétéré
Meaning
having a long-established habit, activity, or interest that is unlikely to change
Example
He is an inveterate reader who spends hours in the library every day.
Il est un lecteur invétéré qui passe des heures à la bibliothèque chaque jour.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnseɪt/

insensate

insensible
Meaning
lacking physical sensation or empathy; without feeling or sensitivity
Example
The dictator's insensate cruelty shocked the world.
La cruauté insensible du dictateur a choqué le monde.
C2 verb /ˈɪməleɪt/

immolate

immoler
Meaning
To kill or sacrifice, especially by burning.
Example
The protesters threatened to immolate themselves in front of the building.
Les manifestants ont menacé de s'immoler devant le bâtiment.
C2 noun /ˌɪnvəˈkeɪʃən/

invocation

invocation
Meaning
the act of calling upon a higher power for help, blessing, or inspiration
Example
The ceremony began with an invocation to the gods.
La cérémonie a commencé par une invocation aux dieux.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈstrɪkəbl/

inextricable

inextricable
Meaning
Impossible to separate or escape from.
Example
The two friends shared an inextricable bond.
Les deux amis partageaient un lien inextricable.
C2 noun /ˈɪmpjʊdəns/

impudence

impudence
Meaning
Rude and disrespectful behavior.
Example
The student's impudence shocked the entire class.
L'impudence de l'étudiant a choqué toute la classe.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɒksɪkənt/

intoxicant

intoxiquant
Meaning
a substance, especially alcohol or a drug, that causes intoxication
Example
Alcohol is the most commonly used intoxicant in many cultures.
L'alcool est l'intoxicant le plus couramment utilisé dans de nombreuses cultures.
C2 verb /ɪnˈtɜːr/

inter

enterrer
Meaning
To bury a dead body in the ground.
Example
They decided to inter the soldier with full honors.
Ils ont décidé d'enterrer le soldat avec tous les honneurs.
C2 noun /ˌɪn.ʌnˈdeɪ.ʃən/

inundation

inondation
Meaning
The act of flooding or overwhelming with water or things.
Example
The town suffered from a severe inundation after the heavy rains.
La ville a souffert d'une grave inondation après les fortes pluies.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈsɜːrnəbl/

indiscernible

indiscernable
Meaning
Impossible or difficult to see, notice, or distinguish.
Example
The difference between the two shades was almost indiscernible.
La différence entre les deux teintes était presque indiscernable.
C2 noun /ˌɪnsəˈrɛkʃən/

insurrection

insurrection
Meaning
A violent uprising against an authority or government.
Example
The army was called in to suppress the insurrection.
L'armée a été appelée pour réprimer l'insurrection.
C2 verb /ˈɪntərˌdɪkt/

interdict

interdire
Meaning
to prohibit or forbid something by authoritative order, often by law or decree
Example
The court moved to interdict the sale of the illegal goods.
Le tribunal a décidé d'interdire la vente des biens illégaux.