devoid
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C1 adjective /dɪˈvɔɪd/

devoid

vide
Meaning
Completely lacking or without something.
Example
His speech was devoid of any real emotion.
Son discours était vide de toute émotion réelle.
C1 noun ˈdɪl.ɪ.dʒəns

diligence

diligence
Meaning
Careful and persistent work or effort.
Example
Success requires patience and diligence.
Le succès nécessite de la patience et de la diligence.
C1 adjective /dɪˈstrɔːt/

distraught

déstabilisé
Meaning
extremely upset and anxious, often to the point of being unable to think clearly
Example
She was distraught after losing her pet.
Elle était déstabilisée après avoir perdu son animal de compagnie.
C1 verb diːˈsɛn.sɪ.taɪz

desensitize

désensibiliser
Meaning
To make someone less sensitive or reactive to something through repeated exposure.
Example
Constant exposure to violence can desensitize people.
Une exposition constante à la violence peut désensibiliser les gens.
C1 noun dɪˌtɪə.ri.əˈreɪ.ʃən

deterioration

détérioration
Meaning
The process of becoming progressively worse; decline in quality, condition, or strength.
Example
Poor maintenance leads to material deterioration.
Un mauvais entretien conduit à la détérioration du matériel.
C1 noun /ˌdaɪəˈrɑːmə/

diorama

diorama
Meaning
a three-dimensional model representing a scene, often with miniature figures
Example
The museum displayed a diorama of an ancient village.
Le musée a exposé un diorama d'un village ancien.
C1 noun /ˈdeɪtəm/ or /ˈdætəm/

datum

donnée
Meaning
a single piece of information; a fact used as a basis for reasoning or calculation
Example
Each datum in the survey was carefully analyzed.
Chaque donnée dans l'enquête a été soigneusement analysée.
C1 noun /dɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

denunciation

dénonciation / accusation publique
Meaning
the public condemnation or accusation of someone or something
Example
The journalist's article was a strong denunciation of corruption.
L'article du journaliste était une forte dénonciation de la corruption.
C1 noun, verb /dɪsˈɑːnər/

dishonor

déshonneur
Meaning
a state of shame or loss of respect; to bring shame upon someone or something
Example
The soldier felt he had brought dishonor to his family.
Le soldat a senti qu'il avait apporté le déshonneur à sa famille.
C1 noun /dɪˈfaɪəns/

defiance

défiance
Meaning
Open resistance or bold disobedience.
Example
The protest was an act of defiance against injustice.
La protestation était un acte de défiance contre l'injustice.
C1 noun /ˈdræm.ə.tɪst/

dramatist

dramaturge
Meaning
a person who writes plays
Example
Shakespeare is one of the greatest dramatists in history.
Shakespeare est l'un des plus grands dramaturges de l'histoire.
C1 noun, adjective /dɪˈrɪvətɪv/

derivative

dérivé
Meaning
Something that is based on another source; in math, a measure of how a function changes.
Example
The film was criticized for being too derivative of earlier works.
Le film a été critiqué pour être trop dérivé des œuvres précédentes.
C1 verb /diːˈfjuːz/

defuse

désamorcer
Meaning
To make a situation less dangerous, tense, or explosive; to remove a fuse from a bomb.
Example
The negotiator helped defuse the tense situation.
Le négociateur a aidé à désamorcer la situation tendue.
C1 verb /dɪsˈpærɪdʒ/

disparage

dénigrer
Meaning
to criticize someone or something in a way that shows a lack of respect
Example
It is unfair to disparage people for their opinions.
Il est injuste de dénigrer les gens pour leurs opinions.
C1 adjective /dræb/

drab

terne
Meaning
Dull, lacking brightness or interest; monotonous.
Example
The room looked drab with its gray walls and dim lighting.
La pièce semblait terne avec ses murs gris et son éclairage faible.
C1 verb /dɪsˈhɑːrtn/

dishearten

décourager
Meaning
to cause someone to lose determination or confidence; to discourage
Example
The constant rejection letters began to dishearten the young writer.
Les lettres de rejet constantes ont commencé à décourager le jeune écrivain.
C1 noun /ˈdɪs.ə.nəns/

dissonance

dissonance
Meaning
Disagreement, lack of harmony, conflict between ideas or beliefs.
Example
The cultural dissonance created misunderstandings.
La dissonance culturelle a créé des malentendus.
C1 verb /ˈdɪsləkeɪt/

dislocate

déboîter
Meaning
To disturb the normal position of something, especially a joint in the body.
Example
He dislocated his shoulder while playing football.
Il a disloqué son épaule en jouant au football.
C1 adjective /dɪˈbɪl.ɪ.teɪ.tɪŋ/

debilitating

affaiblissant
Meaning
Making someone or something weak and infirm.
Example
The disease had a debilitating effect on his health.
La maladie avait un effet affaiblissant sur sa santé.
C1 verb /dɪˈpɔːrt/

deport

déporter
Meaning
To expel a foreigner from a country, usually for legal or political reasons.
Example
The government decided to deport the illegal immigrants.
Le gouvernement a décidé de déporter les immigrés illégaux.
C1 adjective /dɪˈfʌŋkt/

defunct

hors service, disparu
Meaning
No longer existing, operating, or functioning.
Example
The company became defunct after the financial crisis.
L'entreprise est devenue défectueuse après la crise financière.
C1 noun /deɪˈtɑːnt/

detente

détente
Meaning
the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries
Example
The two nations worked toward detente after decades of conflict.
Les deux nations ont travaillé vers la détente après des décennies de conflit.
C1 verb /dɪˈfaɪl/

defile

profaner
Meaning
to pollute, corrupt, or make dirty
Example
The river was defiled by industrial waste.
La rivière a été profanée par les déchets industriels.
C1 adjective /dɪˈmɛntɪd/

demented

dément / irrationnel
Meaning
behaving irrationally due to mental illness or extreme excitement
Example
He looked demented after hearing the shocking news.
Il avait l'air dément après avoir entendu la nouvelle choquante.
C1 verb /diːˈhaɪdreɪt/

dehydrate

déshydrater
Meaning
to remove water from something; to lose water or body fluids
Example
Running in the heat can quickly dehydrate you.
Courir sous la chaleur peut rapidement vous déshydrater.
C1 adjective /ˈdɪzməl/

Dismal

sombre; déprimant; triste
Meaning
gloomy; depressing; causing sadness or despair
Example
The weather was dismal with heavy rain and dark clouds.
Le temps était sombre avec de fortes pluies et des nuages sombres.
C1 verb /dɪˈsɛləˌreɪt/

decelerate

ralentir
Meaning
to reduce speed; to slow down
Example
The car began to decelerate as it approached the traffic light.
La voiture a commencé à ralentir à l'approche du feu de circulation.
C1 noun dɪˈpliː.ʃən

depletion

épuisement
Meaning
The gradual reduction or exhaustion of a resource or substance.
Example
Overuse of groundwater leads to depletion of water resources.
Une utilisation excessive de l'eau souterraine entraîne l'épuisement des ressources en eau.
C1 noun /dɪˌsem.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

dissemination

diffusion
Meaning
The action or fact of spreading something, especially information, widely.
Example
The dissemination of false information is a major issue.
La diffusion de fausses informations est un problème majeur.
C1 adjective /ˌdɪktəˈtɔːriəl/

dictatorial

dictatorial
Meaning
Having or showing a tendency to tell people what to do in an autocratic way.
Example
His dictatorial style made him unpopular among colleagues.
Son style dictatorial le rendait impopulaire parmi ses collègues.
C1 noun /dɪˈmiːnər/

demeanour

comportement
Meaning
a person's outward behavior or appearance
Example
Her calm demeanour impressed everyone during the meeting.
Son comportement calme a impressionné tout le monde lors de la réunion.
C1 verb dɪˈlɪnieɪt

delineate

décrire de manière précise
Meaning
To describe or portray something precisely
Example
The artist delineated the scene in intricate detail.
L'artiste a délimité la scène avec des détails complexes.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈkwaɪətɪŋ/

disquieting

inquiétant
Meaning
Causing worry, unease, or anxiety.
Example
The news report was deeply disquieting to the public.
Le rapport de nouvelles était profondément inquiétant pour le public.
C1 noun /ˌdiːˈmer.ɪt/

Demerit

fauté; inconvénient; marque pour une faute ou une infraction
Meaning
a fault or disadvantage; a mark given for a fault or offense
Example
The student received a demerit for arriving late to class repeatedly.
L'étudiant a reçu un démérite pour être arrivé en retard en classe à plusieurs reprises.
C1 verb /ˌdɪsˈmaʊnt/

dismount

descendre
Meaning
to get off or down from something, especially a horse, bicycle, or motorcycle
Example
The rider dismounted from the horse after a long journey.
Le cavalier est descendu du cheval après un long voyage.
C1 verb /daɪˈɡrɛs/

digress

s'écarter temporairement du sujet principal
Meaning
To leave the main subject temporarily in speech or writing.
Example
The professor began to digress from the main topic of the lecture.
Le professeur a commencé à digresser du sujet principal de la conférence.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈɪntrəstɪd/

disinterested

désintéressé
Meaning
not influenced by personal interest; impartial or neutral
Example
The judge remained disinterested in the case.
Le juge est resté désintéressé dans l'affaire.
C1 verb /dɪsˈbænd/

disband

dissoudre
Meaning
to break up and stop functioning as a group or organization
Example
The club decided to disband after twenty years of activity.
Le club a décidé de se dissoudre après vingt ans d'activité.
C1 adjective /dɪˈlæpɪˌdeɪtɪd/

dilapidated

délabré
Meaning
Fallen into disrepair or ruin due to neglect or age.
Example
The family lived in a dilapidated house at the edge of town.
La famille vivait dans une maison délabrée au bord de la ville.
C1 verb /ˌdɪsɪnˈtæŋɡl/

disentangle

démêler
Meaning
To free something or someone from a tangle or complication.
Example
She tried to disentangle her hair from the branches.
Elle a essayé de démêler ses cheveux des branches.
C1 noun /dɪˈmiːnər/

demeanor

comportement
Meaning
a person's outward behavior or appearance
Example
Her calm demeanor impressed everyone at the meeting.
Son comportement calme a impressionné tout le monde lors de la réunion.
C1 verb /dɔːnt/

daunt

décourager
Meaning
to make someone feel intimidated, discouraged, or less confident
Example
The steep climb did not daunt the experienced hikers.
La montée abrupte n'a pas découragé les randonneurs expérimentés.
C1 noun /drɑːft/ (UK), /dræft/ (US)

draught

courant d air
Meaning
a current of cool air in a room or another confined space; also a portion of liquid, especially beer, served from a barrel or cask
Example
She closed the window to keep out the cold draught.
Elle a referme la fenetre pour ne pas laisser entrer le courant d air froid.
C1 adjective /dɪˈfaɪənt/

Defiant

défiant; rebelle
Meaning
boldly resistant or challenging; disobedient
Example
The defiant student refused to follow the rules.
L'étudiant défiant a refusé de suivre les règles.
C1 noun /ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən/

defamation

diffamation
Meaning
the act of damaging someone's reputation by making false statements
Example
The newspaper was sued for defamation of character.
Le journal a été poursuivi pour diffamation.
C1 noun ˌdjʊə.rəˈbɪl.ə.ti

durability

durabilité
Meaning
The ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; hard-wearing.
Example
The durability of materials affects performance.
La durabilité des matériaux affecte la performance.
C1 noun /dɜːrθ/

dearth

pénurie
Meaning
A scarcity or lack of something.
Example
There was a dearth of food during the famine.
Il y avait une pénurie de nourriture pendant la famine.
C1 verb /daɪˈluːt/

dilute

diluer
Meaning
To make a liquid thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent.
Example
You should dilute the juice with water before serving it to children.
Vous devez diluer le jus avec de l'eau avant de le servir aux enfants.
C1 noun /dɪˈvaɪzər/

divisor

diviseur
Meaning
A number by which another number is divided.
Example
In the equation 12 ÷ 3, the number 3 is the divisor.
Dans l'équation 12 ÷ 3, le nombre 3 est le diviseur.
C1 noun dɪˌzɝː.t̬ə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

desertification

désertification
Meaning
The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.
Example
Deforestation accelerates desertification.
La déforestation accélère la désertification.
C1 verb /ˈdɛsɪmeɪt/

decimate

détruire
Meaning
To destroy or kill a large proportion of something.
Example
The wildfire decimated the forest.
L'incendie a ravagé la forêt.
C1 noun /ˈdɪɡnɪˌtɛri/

dignitary

personne importante
Meaning
a person considered to be important because of high rank or office
Example
Several foreign dignitaries attended the state banquet.
Plusieurs dignitaires étrangers ont assisté au banquet d'État.
C1 noun /ˌdɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk ˈmaɪl.stəʊn/

diplomatic milestone

jalon diplomatique
Meaning
A significant achievement or important event in diplomatic relations.
Example
Hosting the summit was a diplomatic milestone.
L'organisation du sommet était un jalon diplomatique.
C1 verb /dɪˈstɪl/

distill

distiller
Meaning
To purify a liquid by heating and cooling; to extract the essential meaning or most important aspects.
Example
The factory distills water to make it safe for drinking.
L'usine distille de l'eau pour la rendre sûre à boire.
C1 verb /dɪˈfɔːrm/

deform

déformer
Meaning
to change the shape or form of something, especially in a way that makes it ugly or damaged; to distort
Example
The intense heat began to deform the plastic container.
La chaleur intense a commencé à déformer le récipient en plastique.
C1 noun ˌdiːˌrɛɡ.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən

deregulation

déréglementation
Meaning
The removal or reduction of government regulations in an economic sector.
Example
Deregulation has increased competition in the telecommunications sector.
La déréglementation a augmenté la concurrence dans le secteur des télécommunications.
C1 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈbɒlɪkəl/

diabolical

diabolique
Meaning
Wicked, cruel, or outrageously bad; resembling the devil.
Example
The dictator’s diabolical rule brought misery to the nation.
Le régime diabolique du dictateur a apporté la misère à la nation.
C1 verb /deɪz/

daze

étourdir
Meaning
to stun or confuse someone temporarily with a shock or surprise
Example
The bright lights dazed the runners as they entered the stadium.
Les lumières vives ont étourdi les coureurs lorsqu'ils sont entrés dans le stade.
C1 adjective dɒɡˈmæt.ɪk

dogmatic

dogmatique
Meaning
Being inclined to lay down principles as incontrovertibly true; characterized by arrogant assertion of unproven principles.
Example
His dogmatic approach to politics made discussions difficult.
Son approche dogmatique de la politique a rendu les discussions difficiles.
C1 noun /dɪˌpriː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/

depreciation

dépréciation
Meaning
A reduction in the value of an asset with the passage of time, due to wear and tear.
Example
The car's depreciation rate is high after five years.
Le taux de dépréciation de la voiture est élevé après cinq ans.
C1 verb /diːˈfɒrɪst/

deforest

déboiser
Meaning
to clear an area of trees, usually on a large scale
Example
The region has been heavily deforested for agriculture.
La région a été fortement déboisée pour l'agriculture.
C1 noun /dɪsˈlɛksiə/

dyslexia

dyslexie
Meaning
A learning disorder characterized by difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech sounds and decoding words.
Example
The teacher used special methods to help the student with dyslexia.
L'enseignant a utilisé des méthodes spéciales pour aider l'élève atteint de dyslexie.
C1 noun /ˈdæɡ.ər/

Dagger

dague
Meaning
a short knife with a pointed blade used as a weapon
Example
The ancient warrior carried a silver dagger.
Le guerrier ancien portait une dague en argent.
C1 verb /ˈdiːmɑːrˌkeɪt/

demarcate

délimiter
Meaning
to set the boundaries or limits of something
Example
The land was demarcated with fences to avoid disputes.
Le terrain a été délimité par des clôtures pour éviter les disputes.
C1 verb /diːm/

deem

considérer, juger
Meaning
to regard or consider in a specified way
Example
The project was deemed a success by the board.
Le projet a été jugé un succès par le conseil.
C1 noun /ˌdɪspɛnˈseɪʃən/

dispensation

dispense
Meaning
An exemption from a rule or usual requirement; a system of order, government, or control.
Example
The school granted him a special dispensation to skip the exam due to illness.
L'école lui a accordé une dispense spéciale pour ne pas passer l'examen en raison de sa maladie.
C1 noun /ˈdaʊn.pɔːr/

Downpour

pluie battante; averse soudaine
Meaning
a heavy fall of rain; a sudden heavy rainfall
Example
The sudden downpour caught everyone off guard and soaked the outdoor event.
La pluie battante soudaine a pris tout le monde au dépourvu et a trempé l'événement extérieur.
C1 noun /diːˈkrɪp.ʃən/

decryption

décryptage
Meaning
The process of converting encrypted data back into its original form so it can be understood.
Example
Hackers attempted decryption of classified data.
Les hackers ont tenté de décrypter des données classifiées.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsiːtfəl/

deceitful

trompeur
Meaning
Deliberately misleading or dishonest.
Example
She gave a deceitful answer to hide the truth.
Elle a donné une réponse trompeuse pour cacher la vérité.
C1 noun ˌdep.əˈzɪʃ.ən

deposition

dépôt, action de déposer quelque chose
Meaning
The action of depositing something; the laying down of matter by a natural process.
Example
River deposition leads to the formation of new landmasses.
La déposition des rivières mène à la formation de nouvelles terres.
C1 noun ˈdɪk.ʃən

diction

prononciation et choix des mots
Meaning
The style of pronunciation and word choice in speaking or writing.
Example
A strong diction enhances communication skills.
Une forte diction améliore les compétences en communication.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈrɛpjətəbl̩/

disreputable

discrédité
Meaning
having a bad reputation; not considered respectable or trustworthy
Example
The journalist avoided staying in the disreputable part of town.
Le journaliste a évité de séjourner dans le quartier discrédité de la ville.
C1 verb /dɪˈfjuːz/

diffuse

diffuser
Meaning
to spread over a wide area or among a large number of people
Example
The smell of fresh bread diffused through the entire house.
L'odeur du pain frais s'est diffusée dans toute la maison.
C1 verb /dɪˈsɛnt/

dissent

désapprouver
Meaning
To hold or express opinions that are different from those officially accepted.
Example
Several members dissented from the majority decision.
Plusieurs membres ont exprimé un désaccord avec la décision majoritaire.
C1 noun /daɪˈvɜː.ʃən/

Diversion

détournement
Meaning
the action of turning something aside from its course; an activity that diverts the mind
Example
The road closure forced a diversion through the countryside for all travelers.
La fermeture de la route a forcé un détour à travers la campagne pour tous les voyageurs.
C1 adjective /drəˈkoʊniən/

draconian

draconien
Meaning
Extremely harsh and severe, especially laws or rules.
Example
The new regulations were criticized as draconian.
Les nouvelles régulations ont été critiquées comme draconiennes.
C1 verb /daɪˈvɛst/

divest

désinvestir
Meaning
to strip away possessions, rights, or assets; to rid oneself of
Example
The company decided to divest its unprofitable division.
L'entreprise a décidé de se désinvestir de sa division non rentable.
C1 verb /ˈdæŋɡəl/

dangle

pendre
Meaning
to hang loosely or swing freely
Example
The keys dangled from his belt.
Les clés pendaient de sa ceinture.
C1 noun /dɪˈkɔː.rəm/

Decorum

décorum; bienséance; dignité
Meaning
behavior in keeping with good taste and propriety; dignified and appropriate conduct
Example
The diplomat maintained perfect decorum throughout the heated negotiations.
Le diplomate a maintenu un décorum parfait tout au long des négociations animées.
C1 noun /ˌdɪstɪˈleɪʃən/

distillation

distillation
Meaning
The process of purifying a liquid by heating and cooling; the extraction of the essential meaning.
Example
Distillation is commonly used to produce alcoholic beverages.
La distillation est couramment utilisée pour produire des boissons alcoolisées.
C1 noun ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃən

degradation

dégradation
Meaning
The condition or process of degrading or being degraded.
Example
Soil degradation due to overuse is a growing issue.
La dégradation des sols due à une utilisation excessive est un problème croissant.
C1 verb /dɪsˈlɒdʒ/

dislodge

déloger
Meaning
To remove or force out from a position, especially one that is fixed or hard to move.
Example
The troops dislodged the enemy from the hill.
Les troupes ont délogé l'ennemi de la colline.
C1 noun /ˈdɑːsieɪ/

dossier

dossier
Meaning
A collection of documents about a particular person, event, or subject.
Example
The lawyer presented a dossier of evidence to the court.
L'avocat a présenté un dossier de preuves au tribunal.
C1 verb /dəˈmɛstɪkeɪt/

domesticate

domestiquer
Meaning
to tame an animal for use by humans; to adapt something for domestic use
Example
Humans domesticated dogs thousands of years ago.
Les humains ont domestiqué les chiens il y a des milliers d'années.
C1 noun /ˈdrʌdʒəri/

drudgery

travail pénible et monotone
Meaning
Hard, menial, or dull work.
Example
She wanted to escape the drudgery of her daily routine.
Elle voulait échapper à la routine monotone de sa journée.
C1 adjective daɪˈvɜː.dʒənt

divergent

divergent
Meaning
Tending to be different or develop in different directions
Example
Divergent policies create challenges in collaboration.
Les politiques divergentes créent des défis dans la collaboration.
C1 adjective /ˈdesələt/

Desolate

désert; solitaire; stérile
Meaning
deserted; lonely; barren
Example
The abandoned village looked desolate and empty.
Le village abandonné avait l'air désert et vide.
C1 verb /daɪˈleɪt/

dilate

dilater
Meaning
To make wider, larger, or more open.
Example
The doctor used drops to dilate the patient's pupils.
Le médecin a utilisé des gouttes pour dilater les pupilles du patient.
C1 noun dɪˈsʌɪsɪvnɪs

decisiveness

capacité de décision
Meaning
The ability to make decisions quickly and effectively.
Example
His decisiveness during the crisis saved the company.
Sa capacité à prendre des décisions pendant la crise a sauvé l'entreprise.
C1 adjective dɪsˈfʌŋkʃənl

dysfunctional

dysfonctionnel
Meaning
Not operating normally or properly.
Example
The dysfunctional system led to numerous delays and errors.
Le système dysfonctionnel a provoqué de nombreux retards et erreurs.
C1 noun /ˈdrɪz.əl/

Drizzle

bruine
Meaning
light rain falling in very fine drops; a very light rainfall
Example
The gentle drizzle continued throughout the morning, making everything misty.
La douce bruine a continué tout au long de la matinée, rendant tout brumeux.
C1 adjective /dɪˈrɒɡətɔːri/

derogatory

dérogatoire
Meaning
Showing a critical or disrespectful attitude.
Example
The article contained derogatory comments about the politician.
L'article contenait des commentaires dérogatoires à propos du politicien.
C1 noun /dɪˈfɔː.mə.ti/

Deformity

déformation; malformation physique
Meaning
a distorted or unnatural shape or form; physical malformation
Example
The accident caused a permanent deformity in his left hand.
L'accident a causé une déformation permanente dans sa main gauche.
C1 verb /dɪˈspɜːrs/

disperse

disperser
Meaning
To scatter or spread widely in different directions.
Example
The police used tear gas to disperse the crowd.
La police a utilisé du gaz lacrymogène pour disperser la foule.
C1 noun /ˌdiː.viˈeɪ.ʃən/

Deviation

déviation; éloignement d'une trajectoire établie
Meaning
the action of departing from an established course; a departure from usual standards
Example
Any deviation from the established procedure must be reported immediately.
Toute déviation de la procédure établie doit être signalée immédiatement.
C1 verb /ˈdæb.əl/

dabble

tâtonner
Meaning
To take part in an activity in a casual or superficial way.
Example
He dabbled in painting during his college days.
Il a dabblé dans la peinture pendant ses années universitaires.
C1 adjective /dɪˈpreɪvd/

depraved

dépravé
Meaning
morally corrupt or wicked
Example
The film depicts the life of a depraved criminal.
Le film décrit la vie d'un criminel dépravé.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈhɑːrtənd/

Disheartened

démoralisé
Meaning
discouraged; feeling dejected; losing hope or confidence
Example
She felt disheartened after failing the exam twice.
Elle s'est sentie démoralisée après avoir échoué à l'examen deux fois.
C1 adjective /ˈdæʃ.ɪŋ/

Dashing

élégant; attrayant; audacieux;
Meaning
stylish and confident; lively and energetic; attractive and charming
Example
He looked dashing in his new suit.
Il avait l'air élégant dans son nouveau costume.
C1 verb, noun /dɪsˈkrɛdɪt/

discredit

discréditer
Meaning
To harm the reputation of someone or something; loss of respect or credibility.
Example
The scandal discredited the politician in the eyes of the public.
Le scandale a discrédité le politicien aux yeux du public.
C1 noun /ˈderˌdevəl/

daredevil

courageux imprudent
Meaning
A person who enjoys doing dangerous or risky things.
Example
The stunt was performed by a famous daredevil.
L'acrobatie a été réalisée par un célèbre imprudent.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈpæʃənət/

dispassionate

impartial
Meaning
not influenced by strong emotion; impartial
Example
The judge remained dispassionate throughout the trial.
Le juge est resté impartial pendant tout le procès.
C1 noun /dɪˈskrep.ən.si/

discrepancy

discrépance, différence, divergence
Meaning
A lack of compatibility or similarity between two or more facts.
Example
The audit revealed a discrepancy between the reported earnings and actual income.
L'audit a révélé une discrépance entre les bénéfices déclarés et les revenus réels.
C1 noun ˌdɪs.ɪnˈfek.ʃən

disinfection

désinfection
Meaning
The process of destroying harmful microorganisms to prevent infection.
Example
Kitchen appliances require frequent disinfection.
Les appareils de cuisine nécessitent une désinfection fréquente.
C1 noun /dɪˈmaɪz/

demise

décès / fin
Meaning
Death or end of something, especially the end of an institution or system.
Example
The sudden demise of the company shocked investors.
La chute soudaine de l'entreprise a choqué les investisseurs.
C1 noun ˌdɛməˈɡræfɪk trænˈzɪʃən

demographic transition

transition démographique
Meaning
A shift in population patterns from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops economically
Example
The demographic transition indicates a shift towards an aging society.
La transition démographique indique un changement vers une société vieillissante.
C1 verb /diːˈkoʊd/

decode

décoder
Meaning
to convert a coded message into a readable form; to interpret meaning
Example
The software can decode the hidden message within seconds.
Le logiciel peut décoder le message caché en quelques secondes.
C1 noun /dɪˈkriː/

Decree

décret
Meaning
an official order issued by a legal authority; a judicial decision or edict
Example
The king issued a decree that all citizens must pay additional taxes.
Le roi a émis un décret stipulant que tous les citoyens doivent payer des taxes supplémentaires.
C1 noun /ˈdaʊri/

dowry

dot
Meaning
Property or money brought by a bride to her husband at marriage.
Example
The dowry tradition is still followed in some cultures.
La tradition du dot est encore suivie dans certaines cultures.
C1 noun /dɪˈsiːt/

Deceit

tromperie; fraude; mensonge
Meaning
the action or practice of deceiving someone by concealing or misrepresenting the truth
Example
His deceit was discovered when the truth about his qualifications came to light.
Sa tromperie a été découverte lorsque la vérité sur ses qualifications a été révélée.
C1 noun /dɪˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən/

denomination

dénomination, valeur
Meaning
a recognized autonomous branch of the Christian Church; a unit of value or currency
Example
The church belongs to a Protestant denomination.
L'église appartient à une dénomination protestante.
C1 verb /dɪsˈpruːv/

disprove

démontre que quelque chose est faux
Meaning
to show that something is false or wrong
Example
The scientist worked hard to disprove the old theory.
Le scientifique a travaillé dur pour prouver que la vieille théorie était fausse.
C1 verb /ˈdɛnɪˌɡreɪt/

denigrate

dénigrer
Meaning
to criticize unfairly; to belittle or disparage someone or something
Example
He was quick to denigrate the achievements of his colleagues.
Il était rapide à dénigrer les réalisations de ses collègues.
C1 adjective dɪ ˈskrɛʃ.ən.er.i

discretionary

discrétionnaire
Meaning
Available for use at the discretion of the user; not required or mandatory.
Example
He set aside some discretionary income for travel.
Il a mis de côté un revenu discrétionnaire pour voyager.
C1 verb /ˈdɛprɪˌkeɪt/

deprecate

déprécier
Meaning
to express disapproval of something
Example
The teacher deprecated the use of slang in academic essays.
Le professeur a déprécié l'utilisation de l'argot dans les essais académiques.
C1 verb /dɪˈfeɪs/

deface

défigurer
Meaning
to spoil the surface or appearance of something, especially by writing or drawing on it
Example
The vandals defaced the wall with graffiti.
Les vandales ont défiguré le mur avec des graffitis.
C1 adjective /ˈdeɪnti/

dainty

délicat et joli
Meaning
Delicately small, pretty, and often considered elegant.
Example
She wore a dainty necklace made of pearls.
Elle portait un collier délicat fait de perles.
C1 verb /dɪˈbɑːr/

debar

interdire
Meaning
To officially prevent someone from doing something.
Example
He was debarred from entering the competition due to cheating.
Il a été interdit d'entrer dans la compétition en raison de la triche.
C1 adjective /ˈdwɪndlɪŋ/

dwindling

diminution
Meaning
Gradually reducing in number, size, or strength.
Example
The villagers relied on dwindling water supplies.
Les villageois dépendaient des réserves d'eau en diminution.
C1 noun /ˌdiː.kɒmpəˈzɪʃən/

decomposition

décomposition
Meaning
the process of decaying or breaking down into simpler parts
Example
The decomposition of leaves enriches the soil.
La décomposition des feuilles enrichit le sol.
C1 adjective ˌdet.rɪˈmen.təl

detrimental

détériorant
Meaning
Tending to cause harm; damaging or harmful.
Example
Pollution has detrimental effects on fertility.
La pollution a des effets nuisibles sur la fertilité.