deltaic landscape
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C1 noun delˈteɪɪk ˈlændskeɪp

deltaic landscape

paysage deltaïque
Meaning
A geographical area formed by sediment deposits at the mouth of a river, creating a triangular land formation.
Example
Bangladesh has a unique deltaic landscape.
Le Bangladesh possède un paysage deltaïque unique.
C1 verb koʊˈɜrs

coerce

contraindre
Meaning
To force someone to do something against their will using threats or intimidation.
Example
The manager tried to coerce the employees into working overtime.
Le directeur a tenté de contraindre les employés à faire des heures supplémentaires.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːrdʒənt/

insurgent

insurgé
Meaning
A person who rises in revolt against authority or government.
Example
The army arrested several insurgents after the attack.
L'armée a arrêté plusieurs insurgés après l'attaque.
C1 adjective /pərˈtɜːrbd/

perturbed

perturbé
Meaning
feeling anxious, unsettled, or disturbed
Example
He looked perturbed after hearing the bad news.
Il semblait perturbé après avoir entendu les mauvaises nouvelles.
C1 noun /ˈlɔːsuːt/

lawsuit

poursuite
Meaning
a legal case brought to a court of law by one person against another
Example
The company faced a lawsuit over false advertising.
L'entreprise a fait face à une poursuite pour publicité mensongère.
C1 adjective /bəˈzɜːrk/

berserk

fou
Meaning
Out of control with anger or excitement; wild or frenzied.
Example
The fans went berserk when their team won the championship.
Les fans sont devenus fous lorsque leur équipe a gagné le championnat.
C1 noun /rɪˈvʌlʃən/

revulsion

répulsion
Meaning
a strong feeling of disgust or repulsion
Example
She felt revulsion at the sight of the cruel act.
Elle a ressenti de la répulsion en voyant l'acte cruel.
C1 noun /ˈkiːpˌseɪk/

keepsake

souvenir
Meaning
An object kept as a reminder of a person, place, or event.
Example
She gave me a small locket as a keepsake of our friendship.
Elle m'a donné un petit pendentif comme souvenir de notre amitié.
C1 adjective /ˈfɜːrtɪv/

furtive

furtif
Meaning
Attempting to avoid notice or attention, typically because of guilt or a belief that discovery would lead to trouble.
Example
He cast a furtive glance at the door before leaving.
Il lança un regard furtif vers la porte avant de partir.
C1 noun /vɛnˈdɛtə/

vendetta

vengeance
Meaning
a prolonged bitter quarrel or campaign of revenge
Example
The two families were caught in a bitter vendetta for generations.
Les deux familles étaient prises dans une vendetta amère pendant des générations.
C1 noun /ˈwʊd.ən ˈsæn.dəl/

Wooden sandal

sandale en bois
Meaning
a type of footwear made of wood, typically worn as traditional shoes
Example
She wore wooden sandals to the traditional ceremony.
Elle portait des sandales en bois lors de la cérémonie traditionnelle.
C1 noun /ˌʌnriˈælɪti/

unreality

irréalité
Meaning
the state or quality of being unreal; lack of reality or truth
Example
The dreamlike setting gave the story a sense of unreality.
Le décor onirique a donné à l’histoire un sentiment d’irréalité.
C1 verb /dʒæb/

jab

piquer
Meaning
To poke or thrust quickly, often with a finger or something pointed.
Example
He jabbed his finger at the map to show the location.
Il a pointé son doigt sur la carte pour indiquer l'emplacement.
C1 noun /ˈkændɪdnəs/

candidness

franchise
Meaning
The quality of being open, honest, and straightforward
Example
Her candidness during the meeting impressed everyone.
Sa franchise pendant la réunion a impressionné tout le monde.
C1 noun /dɪˈvaɪzər/

divisor

diviseur
Meaning
A number by which another number is divided.
Example
In the equation 12 ÷ 3, the number 3 is the divisor.
Dans l'équation 12 ÷ 3, le nombre 3 est le diviseur.
C1 noun /ˈmɒn.ɑːk/

Monarch

monarque
Meaning
a sovereign ruler, especially a king or queen
Example
The monarch addressed the nation on television.
Le monarque a adressé la nation à la télévision.
C1 adjective /əbˈdʒek.ʃən.ə.bəl/

Objectionable

objectionnable
Meaning
arousing distaste or opposition; unpleasant or offensive
Example
His objectionable behavior made everyone uncomfortable.
Son comportement objectionnable a rendu tout le monde mal à l'aise.
C1 noun ˈmɑːrdʒɪnəlaɪzd ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəlz

marginalized individuals

individus marginalisés
Meaning
People who are treated as insignificant or peripheral to society, often excluded from mainstream social, economic, or political activities.
Example
Marginalized individuals often face severe challenges.
Les individus marginalisés font souvent face à des défis graves.
C1 noun /ˈɛksələnsɪ/

excellency

excellence
Meaning
a title of honor for people of high rank, especially ambassadors or governors
Example
His Excellency the Ambassador attended the ceremony.
Son Excellence l'Ambassadeur a assisté à la cérémonie.
C1 verb /ɪˈdʒektɪd/

ejected

expulser
Meaning
to force someone or something to leave a place; to push or throw something out forcefully
Example
The pilot was ejected from the aircraft during the emergency.
Le pilote a été éjecté de l'avion pendant l'urgence.
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪk/

satiric

satirique
Meaning
Relating to or using satire.
Example
The novel takes a satiric view of urban life.
Le roman adopte un point de vue satirique sur la vie urbaine.
C1 noun /ˈtɛnəmənt/

tenement

immeuble locatif
Meaning
a large building divided into separate apartments, often in poor condition
Example
The family lived in a crowded tenement in the city.
La famille vivait dans un tenement bondé en ville.
C1 adjective /ˈlɑːpˌsaɪdɪd/

lopsided

déséquilibré, de travers
Meaning
with one side lower, larger, or different from the other; uneven or imbalanced
Example
The cake looked lopsided after being decorated in a hurry.
Le gâteau semblait déséquilibré après avoir été décoré en hâte.
C1 adjective /kwɪər/

Queer

étrange; inhabituel; particulier
Meaning
strange; unusual; peculiar; odd
Example
The old house had a queer atmosphere that made visitors uncomfortable.
La vieille maison avait une atmosphère étrange qui rendait les visiteurs mal à l'aise.
C1 noun /həˌluː.sɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Hallucination

hallucination; perception de quelque chose qui n'est pas présent
Meaning
an experience involving the apparent perception of something not present; a false or distorted perception
Example
The patient experienced visual hallucinations as a side effect of the medication.
Le patient a fait l'expérience de visions d'hallucinations comme effet secondaire du médicament.
C1 noun /ˈplez.ən.tri/

Pleasantry

politesse
Meaning
a remark made in order to be polite or friendly; light conversation or jokes
Example
They exchanged pleasantries before the meeting began.
Ils ont échangé des politesses avant que la réunion ne commence.
C1 noun /ˌsæl.jʊˈteɪ.ʃən/

Salutation

salutation; expression de bons vœux
Meaning
a greeting; an expression of goodwill
Example
The letter began with a formal salutation.
La lettre a commencé par une salutation formelle.
C1 verb /lʌl/

lull

apaiser
Meaning
to soothe or calm; to cause to sleep or rest
Example
The gentle music lulled the baby to sleep.
La musique douce a endormi le bébé.
C1 noun /prəˈpɛlənt/

propellant

propulseur
Meaning
A substance that drives or pushes something forward, especially fuel in rockets or engines.
Example
The rocket uses a liquid propellant to launch into space.
La fusée utilise un propulseur liquide pour se lancer dans l'espace.
C1 noun /ˈpæl.ət/

Palate

palais; capacité à distinguer les saveurs
Meaning
the roof of the mouth; a person's ability to distinguish between different flavors
Example
The chef created dishes to please every palate.
Le chef a créé des plats pour satisfaire tous les palais.
C1 noun /ˈskælpəl/

scalpel

scalpel
Meaning
A small and extremely sharp bladed instrument used for surgery and dissection.
Example
The surgeon carefully used a scalpel to make the first incision.
Le chirurgien a soigneusement utilisé un scalpel pour faire la première incision.
C1 noun /ˈskeɪ.biːz/

Scabies

gale
Meaning
a contagious skin disease caused by mites that causes intense itching
Example
The doctor diagnosed him with scabies after examining the rash.
Le médecin lui a diagnostiqué la gale après avoir examiné l'éruption.
C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

impasse
Meaning
A situation where no progress is possible.
Example
The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.
Les négociations ont atteint un impasse, retardant l'accord.
C1 adjective /ˈlaʊzi/

lousy

mauvais
Meaning
of very poor quality; bad or unpleasant
Example
He felt lousy after catching the flu.
Il se sentait mal après avoir attrapé la grippe.
C1 adjective /ˌæl.ɡəˈrɪð.mɪk/

algorithmic

basé sur des algorithmes
Meaning
Based on or using algorithms; relating to mathematical rules or procedures.
Example
Algorithmic processes power artificial intelligence systems.
Les processus algorithmiques alimentent les systèmes d'intelligence artificielle.
C1 adjective ˈdɔːn.tɪŋ

daunting

intimidant ou difficile
Meaning
Something that seems intimidating or challenging.
Example
The task seemed daunting, but she completed it successfully.
La tâche semblait intimidante, mais elle l'a terminée avec succès.
C1 verb /ˈpʌlseɪt/

pulsate

pulsar
Meaning
to expand and contract rhythmically; to throb or beat
Example
The neon lights pulsated with a steady rhythm.
Les lumières au néon pulsaient avec un rythme constant.
C1 noun /beɪl/

bale

ballot
Meaning
A large bundle of goods tightly wrapped and bound.
Example
The workers loaded the bale of cotton onto the truck.
Les travailleurs ont chargé le ballot de coton sur le camion.
C1 adjective /stjuːˈpɛndəs/

stupendous

stupéfiant
Meaning
extremely impressive; amazing in size, degree, or excellence
Example
The magician’s performance was simply stupendous.
La performance du magicien était tout simplement stupéfiante.
C1 noun /təˈlɛfəni/

telephony

téléphonie
Meaning
the technology and systems for transmitting voice over distances by telephone
Example
Modern telephony has evolved to include internet-based calls.
La téléphonie moderne a évolué pour inclure les appels basés sur Internet.
C1 noun /əˈbɪs/

abyss

abîme
Meaning
a deep, immeasurable space, chasm, or void; something seemingly without end
Example
The climbers looked down into the dark abyss below.
Les grimpeurs ont regardé dans l'abîme sombre en dessous.
C1 verb /əˈmæs/

amass

accumuler
Meaning
to gather together or accumulate over a period of time
Example
He managed to amass a fortune through wise investments.
Il a réussi à accumuler une fortune grâce à des investissements judicieux.
C1 verb /əˈpɛnd/

append

ajouter
Meaning
to add something as an attachment or supplement, usually at the end of a document or list
Example
She decided to append a note to the end of the report.
Elle a décidé d'ajouter une note à la fin du rapport.
C1 verb /əˈflɪkt/

afflict

affliger
Meaning
to cause pain, suffering, or distress to someone or something
Example
Many people are afflicted by seasonal allergies.
De nombreuses personnes sont affligées par les allergies saisonnières.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtændʒəbl/

intangible

intangible
Meaning
Unable to be touched or grasped; not having a physical presence.
Example
Trust is an intangible quality in relationships.
La confiance est une qualité intangible dans les relations.
C1 adjective /ˈfjuː.dəl/

feudal

féodal
Meaning
relating to the system of feudalism, a medieval social system based on land ownership and obligations
Example
The castle is a remnant of the feudal era.
Le château est un vestige de l'époque féodale.
C1 verb /reɪv/

rave

aduler
Meaning
to speak or write about something with great enthusiasm or admiration
Example
Critics rave about the new movie.
Les critiques adulent le nouveau film.
C1 noun ˈtær.ɪf

tariff

tarif ou impôt sur les importations et exportations
Meaning
A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports.
Example
The government imposed high tariffs on luxury goods.
Le gouvernement a imposé des tarifs élevés sur les produits de luxe.
C1 noun /mɜːrθ/

mirth

joie
Meaning
Great joy, amusement, or laughter.
Example
The festival was full of mirth and laughter.
Le festival était plein de joie et de rires.
C1 noun /ˈɑːr.sən.əl/

arsenal

arsenal
Meaning
A collection or storage place for weapons and military equipment.
Example
The army kept its weapons in a secure arsenal.
L'armée a gardé ses armes dans un arsenal sécurisé.
C1 adjective /dɪˈskrɪmɪˌneɪtɪŋ/

discriminating

discriminant
Meaning
Having refined taste or good judgment; able to recognize subtle differences.
Example
She is known for her discriminating taste in art.
Elle est connue pour son goût discriminant en art.
C1 adjective /ˈnæk.ərd/

Knackered

épuisé; fatigué
Meaning
extremely tired; exhausted
Example
I'm absolutely knackered after working all day.
Je suis complètement épuisé après avoir travaillé toute la journée.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

inquisitive

inquisitif
Meaning
Curious or eager to learn and ask questions.
Example
The inquisitive child asked endless questions about the stars.
L'enfant inquisitif a posé d'innombrables questions sur les étoiles.
C1 noun /krəˈvæs/

crevasse

fissure profonde
Meaning
a deep crack in a glacier or the earth’s surface
Example
The climbers carefully crossed the icy crevasse.
Les alpinistes ont traversé prudemment la fissure glacée.
C1 noun /ˈræftər/

rafter

poutre
Meaning
One of the sloping beams that supports a roof.
Example
The old barn’s rafters were exposed.
Les poutres du vieux grenier étaient exposées.
C1 noun /əˌtɜːni ˈdʒɛnərəl/

attorney-general

procureur général
Meaning
The chief legal officer of a state or country.
Example
The attorney-general announced new reforms to strengthen justice.
Le procureur général a annoncé de nouvelles réformes pour renforcer la justice.
C1 noun /ˈstɪmjʊlənt/

stimulant

stimulant
Meaning
A substance that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body.
Example
Coffee is a common stimulant that helps people stay awake.
Le café est un stimulant courant qui aide les gens à rester éveillés
C1 verb /ɡleɪz/

glaze

glacer
Meaning
to cover with a smooth, shiny surface; to coat with a glossy finish
Example
The chef glazed the cake with chocolate.
Le chef a glacé le gâteau avec du chocolat.
C1 verb /ˈɔːstrəˌsaɪz/

ostracize

ostraciser
Meaning
to exclude someone from a group or society; to banish or shun
Example
After the scandal, he was ostracized by his former colleagues.
Après le scandale, il a été ostracisé par ses anciens collègues.
C1 adjective /ˈplæsɪd/

placid

serein, calme
Meaning
calm and peaceful, not easily disturbed
Example
She had a placid expression despite the chaos around her.
Elle avait une expression sereine malgré le chaos autour d'elle.
C1 adjective /fəˈnætɪk/

Fanatic

fanatique
Meaning
extremely passionate about something; showing excessive enthusiasm or devotion
Example
He is a fanatic supporter of his football team.
Il est un fanatique supporter de son équipe de football.
C1 adjective /ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl/

typographical

typographique
Meaning
relating to the style, arrangement, or appearance of printed text
Example
There was a typographical error in the book.
Il y avait une erreur typographique dans le livre.
C1 noun /kɪˈməʊnoʊ/

kimono

kimono
Meaning
a traditional Japanese robe with wide sleeves, tied with a sash
Example
She wore a beautiful silk kimono at the ceremony.
Elle portait un magnifique kimono en soie lors de la cérémonie.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsɜːrnəbl/

discernible

discernable
Meaning
able to be seen, recognized, or understood
Example
There was a discernible change in his behavior.
Il y a eu un changement discernable dans son comportement.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtæŋɡəl/

entangle

emmêler
Meaning
to become twisted together or caught in something; to involve in difficulties
Example
The fish got entangled in the net.
Le poisson s'est emmêlé dans le filet.
C1 verb /ʌnˈsɛtl/

unsettle

perturber
Meaning
To disturb or make someone feel anxious or uneasy.
Example
The sudden news unsettled the entire community.
La nouvelle soudaine a perturbé toute la communauté.
C1 noun /ˈkætərækt/

cataract

cataracte / chute d'eau
Meaning
A medical condition causing clouding of the eye's lens; also a large waterfall.
Example
The old man suffered from cataracts in both eyes.
L'homme âgé souffrait de cataractes aux deux yeux.
C1 noun /niːʃ/

Niche

niche de marché, segment spécialisé, marché cible
Meaning
A specialized segment of the market for a particular kind of product or service.
Example
Finding the right niche is key to a successful business.
Trouver le bon créneau est essentiel pour réussir dans les affaires.
C1 adjective /ɪˌlɪzəˈbiːθən/

elizabethan

époque élisabéthaine
Meaning
Relating to the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England (1558–1603), especially the style of that period.
Example
Shakespeare wrote many of his plays during the Elizabethan era.
Shakespeare a écrit de nombreuses pièces pendant l'époque élisabéthaine.
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈræm.ɪk/

panoramic

vue panoramique
Meaning
Giving a wide view of an extensive area in all directions.
Example
The hotel offers panoramic views of the ocean.
L'hôtel offre des vues panoramiques de l'océan.
C1 noun əˌkred.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən

accreditation

accréditation
Meaning
The action or process of officially recognizing someone or something as having a particular status or being qualified to perform a particular activity.
Example
Accreditation ensures institutional credibility.
L'accréditation garantit la crédibilité institutionnelle.
C1 adjective /trænsˈfɜːrəbəl/

Transferable

transférable
Meaning
able to be moved from one place to another; able to be given to someone else
Example
The skills you learn here are transferable to other jobs.
Les compétences que vous apprenez ici sont transférables à d'autres emplois.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌktɪv/

inductive

inductif
Meaning
characterized by the inference of general laws from particular instances; reasoning from specific cases to general principles
Example
The scientist used inductive reasoning to form a hypothesis.
Le scientifique a utilisé le raisonnement inductif pour formuler une hypothèse.
C1 verb /ˈæmpjʊteɪt/

amputate

amputer
Meaning
to cut off a limb from the body by surgery
Example
The doctors had to amputate his leg after the accident.
Les médecins ont dû amputer sa jambe après l'accident.
C1 noun /kjʊˈreɪtər/

curator

conservateur
Meaning
a person who is responsible for the care and management of a museum, gallery, or collection
Example
The curator organized a new exhibition of ancient artifacts.
Le conservateur a organisé une nouvelle exposition d'artefacts anciens.
C1 noun /dɪˈkriː/

Decree

décret
Meaning
an official order issued by a legal authority; a judicial decision or edict
Example
The king issued a decree that all citizens must pay additional taxes.
Le roi a émis un décret stipulant que tous les citoyens doivent payer des taxes supplémentaires.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.səˌbɔːr.dɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

insubordination

insubordination
Meaning
Defiance of authority; refusal to obey orders.
Example
The soldier was punished for insubordination during the mission.
Le soldat a été puni pour insubordination pendant la mission.
C1 verb /dɪˈbɑːr/

debar

interdire
Meaning
To officially prevent someone from doing something.
Example
He was debarred from entering the competition due to cheating.
Il a été interdit d'entrer dans la compétition en raison de la triche.
C1 verb /ˈfɜːrmɛnt/

ferment

subir un processus chimique où les sucres sont transformés en alcool ou en acide; inciter ou provoquer un changement
Meaning
to undergo a chemical process where sugars are converted to alcohol or acid; to incite or stir up change
Example
The grapes are left to ferment for several weeks.
Les raisins sont laissés à fermenter pendant plusieurs semaines.
C1 adjective /əˈlʊr.ɪŋ/

Alluring

attirant et tentant; fascinant
Meaning
attractive and tempting; fascinating
Example
The alluring fragrance of roses filled the garden.
Le parfum attirant des roses a rempli le jardin.
C1 verb (past) /ˈmɛrɪtɪd/

merited

mérité
Meaning
Deserved or earned something.
Example
Her dedication merited recognition from the community.
Son dévouement a mérité la reconnaissance de la communauté.
C1 /ˈɡrævəl/

gravel

gravier
Meaning
Small stones and pebbles, often mixed with sand, used for paths, roads, and construction.
Example
The driveway was covered with gravel.
L'allée était recouverte de gravier.
C1 noun/adjective /ˈmɒnəkrəʊm/

monochrome

monochrome
Meaning
A photograph, painting, or screen image in black and white or varying tones of one color.
Example
The old film was shot entirely in monochrome.
Le vieux film a été tourné entièrement en monochrome.
C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈpaʊər/

overpower

dominer
Meaning
To defeat or gain control over someone or something by using greater strength or force.
Example
The soldiers managed to overpower the enemy forces.
Les soldats ont réussi à dominer les forces ennemies.
C1 noun /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪˈeɪʃən/

differentiation

différenciation, distinction
Meaning
The action or process of differentiating or distinguishing between things.
Example
Differentiation from competitors can create a unique market position.
La différenciation des concurrents peut créer une position unique sur le marché.
C1 adjective /ˈpʊʃi/

pushy

insistant
Meaning
excessively assertive or aggressive, often annoyingly so
Example
The salesperson was too pushy, which drove customers away.
Le vendeur était trop insistant, ce qui a fait fuir les clients.
C1 verb /rɪˈsiːd/

recede

reculer
Meaning
To move back or further away from a previous position.
Example
The floodwaters began to recede after the heavy rain stopped.
Les eaux de l'inondation ont commencé à reculer après que la pluie lourde se soit arrêtée.
C1 adjective /ˈɡʌsti/

gusty

venteux
Meaning
characterized by strong, sudden bursts of wind
Example
It was a cold, gusty day by the sea.
C'était une journée froide et venteuse près de la mer.
C1 noun /ˌdɜːrməˈtɑːlədʒɪst/

dermatologist

dermatologue
Meaning
A doctor who specializes in the treatment of skin diseases.
Example
She consulted a dermatologist for her skin allergy.
Elle a consulté un dermatologue pour son allergie à la peau.
C1 noun /ˈmɛm.wɑːr/

memoir

mémoires
Meaning
A historical account or autobiography written from personal experience.
Example
The author’s memoir details her journey through hardship and success.
Les mémoires de l'auteur détaillent son voyage à travers les difficultés et les réussites.
C1 adjective /ˈneɪzl/

nasal

nasal
Meaning
Relating to the nose; a sound produced through the nose.
Example
He spoke with a nasal voice due to his cold.
Il a parlé avec une voix nasale à cause de son rhume.
C1 verb ɪˈmɜːrs

immerse

plonger
Meaning
To involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest; to surround completely.
Example
Immerse yourself in the new language.
Plongez-vous dans la nouvelle langue.
C1 adjective /ˈbæʃ.fəl/

Bashful

timide; réservé; modeste; facilement gêné
Meaning
shy; timid; modest; easily embarrassed
Example
The bashful child hid behind her mother when meeting strangers.
L'enfant timide s'est caché derrière sa mère quand elle a rencontré des étrangers.
C1 noun /ˈfaɪər.wɔːl/

firewall

pare-feu
Meaning
A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
Example
A firewall protects networks from cyber-attacks.
Un pare-feu protège les réseaux des cyberattaques.
C1 verb /ɪˈdʒɛkt/

eject

expulser
Meaning
to force someone or something out, usually from a place or position
Example
The referee had to eject the player for unsportsmanlike behavior.
L'arbitre a dû expulser le joueur pour un comportement antisportif.
C1 verb /ədˈmɪnɪstreɪt/

administrate

administrer
Meaning
to manage or supervise the execution of duties, laws, or resources; to formally give or apply something such as a test or medicine
Example
The committee will administrate the new policy across all departments.
Le comité administrera la nouvelle politique dans tous les départements.
C1 noun /ˌvaɪ.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

viability

viabilité
Meaning
Ability to work successfully; feasibility.
Example
The viability of the project depends on funding.
La viabilité du projet dépend du financement.
C1 noun /ˈves.tɪdʒ/

Vestige

vestige
Meaning
a trace or remnant of something that is disappearing or no longer exists
Example
No vestige of the ancient city remains.
Aucun vestige de l'ancienne ville ne reste.
C1 noun ɪˌræd.ɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

eradication

éradication
Meaning
The complete destruction or elimination of something unwanted.
Example
Carbon eradication is a key goal of the project.
L'éradication du carbone est un objectif clé du projet.
C1 verb /daɪˈvɛst/

divest

désinvestir
Meaning
to strip away possessions, rights, or assets; to rid oneself of
Example
The company decided to divest its unprofitable division.
L'entreprise a décidé de se désinvestir de sa division non rentable.
C1 verb /rɪˈsɪprəˌkeɪt/

reciprocate

répondre
Meaning
To respond to an action or gesture by making a corresponding one.
Example
She smiled at him, and he reciprocated with a warm hug.
Elle a souri, et il a répondu par un câlin chaleureux.
C1 adjective /tɔːt/

taut

tendu
Meaning
stretched or pulled tight; tense
Example
The rope was pulled taut between the two poles.
La corde était tendue entre les deux poteaux.
C1 adjective /ˌæn.ɪkˈdoʊ.t̬əl/

anecdotal

basé sur des récits personnels plutôt que sur des faits ou des recherches, caractérisé par des anecdotes
Meaning
Based on personal accounts rather than facts or research; characterized by anecdotes.
Example
The book was filled with anecdotal evidence rather than data.
Le livre était rempli de preuves anecdotiques plutôt que de données.
C1 noun /ˈdʒuː.və.naɪl/

Juvenile

juvénile; mineur
Meaning
a young person below the age of adult criminal responsibility; relating to young people
Example
The juvenile court handles cases involving young offenders under eighteen.
Le tribunal des mineurs traite les affaires impliquant de jeunes délinquants de moins de dix-huit ans.
C1 verb /nɪp/

nip

pincer
Meaning
to pinch or bite lightly; to move quickly
Example
The cold wind nipped at my face.
Le vent froid m’a pincé le visage.
C1 noun /ˈpleɪn.tɪf/

Plaintiff

demandeur
Meaning
a person who brings a case against another in a court of law; the person who initiates a lawsuit
Example
The plaintiff filed a lawsuit against the company.
Le demandeur a déposé une plainte contre l'entreprise.
C1 adjective /ˌɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/

illegitimate

illégitime
Meaning
Not authorized by law, rules, or standards; not recognized as valid.
Example
The court ruled the contract to be illegitimate.
Le tribunal a jugé que le contrat était illégitime.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtənt/

inadvertent

involontaire, non intentionnel
Meaning
Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning; unintentional.
Example
Her inadvertent mistake caused a delay in the project.
Son erreur involontaire a causé un retard dans le projet.
C1 noun /ˈdʒuː.bɪ.liː/

Jubilee

jubilaire; anniversaire spécial
Meaning
a special anniversary celebration, especially the 25th, 50th, or 60th anniversary of an important event
Example
The school celebrated its golden jubilee with a grand ceremony.
L'école a célébré son jubilé d'or avec une grande cérémonie.
C1 noun dɪˈtɜː.mɪ.nənt

determinant

facteur déterminant
Meaning
A factor that decisively affects the nature or outcome of something.
Example
Education is a key determinant of success.
L'éducation est un facteur déterminant du succès.
C1 adjective /ˈmɒdʒʊlər/

modular

modulaire
Meaning
Employing or involving a module or modules as the basis of design or construction.
Example
The modular design allows for easy customization and scalability.
La conception modulaire permet une personnalisation et une évolutivité faciles.
C1 adjective /ˌloʊ ˈspɪrɪtɪd/

low-spirited

abattu
Meaning
feeling sad, depressed, or lacking enthusiasm
Example
He felt low-spirited after hearing the bad news.
Il se sentait abattu après avoir entendu la mauvaise nouvelle.
C1 verb /tɔːnt/

taunt

moquer
Meaning
to provoke or challenge someone with insulting remarks
Example
The bully tried to taunt him with cruel words.
Le bully a essayé de le provoquer avec des mots cruels.
C1 verb/noun /stuːp/

stoop

bonheur
Meaning
To bend one's body forward and downward; also a small porch or staircase at the entrance of a house
Example
He had to stoop to pick up the coin.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 verb /ɪkˈskriːt/

excrete

excréter
Meaning
to eliminate waste matter from the body
Example
Humans excrete carbon dioxide through breathing.
Les humains excrètent du dioxyde de carbone par la respiration.
C1 noun /ˈreɪdiəns/

radiance

radiance
Meaning
the quality of shining with bright light; a glowing or beaming quality
Example
Her face was filled with radiance after hearing the good news.
Son visage était rempli de radiance après avoir entendu les bonnes nouvelles.
C1 noun /ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən/

defamation

diffamation
Meaning
the act of damaging someone's reputation by making false statements
Example
The newspaper was sued for defamation of character.
Le journal a été poursuivi pour diffamation.
C1 adverb /ˈvaɪtəli/

vitally

vitalement
Meaning
in an extremely important or essential way; in a manner relating to life or vitality
Example
Access to clean water is vitally important for public health.
L’accès à l’eau propre est vitalement important pour la santé publique.
C1 noun /ɪˈklɪps/

Eclipse

éclipse (du soleil ou de la lune)
Meaning
an obscuring of light from one celestial body by another; a decline or loss
Example
The total solar eclipse darkened the sky for several minutes.
L'éclipse solaire totale a assombri le ciel pendant plusieurs minutes.
C1 noun /krəˈʃɛndoʊ/

crescendo

augmentation progressive du volume
Meaning
a gradual increase in loudness or intensity, especially in music
Example
The orchestra built to a powerful crescendo before the finale.
L'orchestre a construit un puissant crescendo avant la fin.
C1 verb /fɔːrˈɡoʊ/

forgo

renoncer
Meaning
to decide not to do or have something
Example
She decided to forgo dessert to maintain her diet.
Elle a décidé de renoncer au dessert pour maintenir son régime.