Vocabulary Cards
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B1 noun
certificate
certificado
Meaning
a document serving as proof of achievement or qualification
Example
She received a certificate for completing the course.
B2 noun
certification
certificación
Meaning
the process of officially recognizing or confirming that something or someone meets required standards; an official document proving qualification
Example
She received her professional certification after completing the training program.
C2 noun
certitude
certeza
Meaning
Absolute certainty or conviction about something.
Example
She spoke with certitude about the outcome of the case.
C1 noun
cessation
cesación
Meaning
The fact or process of ending or being brought to an end.
Example
There was a temporary cessation of hostilities.
C2 noun
cession
cesión de derechos o propiedad
Meaning
The formal giving up of rights, property, or territory, especially by a state.
Example
The treaty resulted in the cession of land to the neighboring country.
C1 noun
cetera
etcétera
Meaning
Latin for 'the rest' or 'others'; commonly used in the phrase 'et cetera' meaning 'and so on'.
Example
We need to buy pens, paper, notebooks, et cetera.
C2 verb
chafe
rozar
Meaning
To make or become sore by rubbing; to feel irritation or impatience.
Example
The tight shoes began to chafe his heels.
C2 noun
Chaff
cascarilla; cosas inútiles; bromas ligeras
Meaning
the husks of corn or other seed separated by winnowing; worthless things; light-hearted joking
Example
The farmer separated the wheat from the chaff using traditional methods.
C2 verb
chaffing
burlarse
Meaning
Teasing or joking in a lighthearted way.
Example
They were chaffing each other during lunch.
C2 verb
chafing
rozar hasta irritar
Meaning
To make sore by rubbing; to become irritated.
Example
The rough shoes were chafing his heels.
C2 noun
chagrin
desdén
Meaning
Distress or embarrassment at having failed or been humiliated.
Example
She left the room in chagrin after forgetting her lines.
A2 noun
chain
cadena
Meaning
a connected series of metal rings used for fastening or securing things; a series of connected events or businesses
Example
He wore a gold chain around his neck.
A1 noun
Chair
silla
Meaning
a separate seat for one person, typically with a back and four legs
Example
Please sit on the chair.
B1 noun
chairman
felicidad
Meaning
the leader or head of a meeting, committee, or organization
Example
The chairman opened the meeting with a short speech.
B1 noun
chairperson
presidente
Meaning
A person who is in charge of a meeting or organization; the presiding officer of a committee, board, or organization.
Example
The chairperson ensures procedural integrity.
B1 noun
chairwoman
presidenta
Meaning
a woman who presides over a meeting, committee, or organization; a female leader of a board or council
Example
She was elected chairwoman of the company after years of experience.
C2 noun
chalice
cáliz
Meaning
A large cup or goblet, typically used for drinking wine in religious ceremonies.
Example
The priest lifted the golden chalice during the ceremony.
A2 noun
challenge
desafío
Meaning
A call to take part in a contest or competition, especially a demanding or stimulating one; a task or situation that tests someone's abilities.
Example
Plastic pollution poses a significant challenge to global health.
A2 noun
challenges
desafíos
Meaning
Difficult tasks or situations that test someone's abilities or resources.
Example
Overcoming challenges is the key to personal growth.
B1 adjective
challenging
desafiante
Meaning
difficult in a way that tests one's abilities
Example
The mountain climb was challenging but rewarding.
B2 noun
chamber
cámara
Meaning
a large room used for formal or public events, or a private room.
Example
The king held meetings in his private chamber.
B2 noun
Chameleon
camaleón
Meaning
a lizard that can change color to match its surroundings
Example
The chameleon changed its color from green to brown.
C2 noun
Chameli
jazmín
Meaning
a variety of jasmine flower with small white fragrant petals
Example
The chameli flowers are commonly used to make garlands and perfumes.
C1 noun
champ
campeón / ganador
Meaning
an informal word for champion or winner.
Example
He is the new champ of the boxing tournament.