Vocabulary Cards C1
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C1 verb
solidify
solidificar
Meaning
To make something firm, strong, or more certain.
Example
The company solidified its position in the market.
C1 noun
soliloquy
monólogo
Meaning
a speech in which a character talks to themselves, often used in drama to reveal inner thoughts
Example
Hamlet's soliloquy is one of the most famous passages in Shakespearean drama.
C1 noun
solstice
solsticio
Meaning
the two times in the year when the sun is at its greatest distance from the equator (summer and winter solstice)
Example
People celebrate the summer solstice with festivals and rituals.
C1 noun
solubility
solubilidad
Meaning
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
Example
The solubility of salt in water is high.
C1 adjective
soluble
soluble
Meaning
able to be dissolved, especially in water
Example
Sugar is soluble in water.
C1 noun
solvency
la posesión de activos en exceso de pasivos; capacidad para pagar deudas
Meaning
The possession of assets in excess of liabilities; ability to pay debts.
Example
The company's solvency improved after restructuring.
C1 noun, adjective
solvent
disolvente, capaz de pagar deudas
Meaning
a liquid that dissolves other substances; also means able to pay debts
Example
Acetone is a common solvent used in laboratories.
C1 adjective
somber
sombrío
Meaning
Dark or dull in color or tone; gloomy or serious.
Example
The funeral had a somber atmosphere.
C1 noun
sonata
composición musical (sonata)
Meaning
A musical composition for one or more instruments, typically in several movements.
Example
She performed a beautiful Beethoven sonata on the piano.
C1 adjective
sonic
sonico
Meaning
Relating to or involving sound waves or speed of sound.
Example
The jet created a loud boom when it broke the sonic barrier.
C1 noun
sonnet
soneto
Meaning
A poem of 14 lines using formal rhyme schemes, often about love.
Example
Shakespeare wrote many famous sonnets about love and beauty.
C1 adjective
sonorous
sonido profundo
Meaning
Deep, full, and rich in sound.
Example
The actor's sonorous voice filled the entire theater.
C1 verb
sophisticate
sofisticar
Meaning
to make something more complex or refined; to educate or develop in taste and manners
Example
Traveling abroad helped sophisticate his worldview.
C1 noun
sophistication
nivel alto de complejidad o refinamiento
Meaning
High level of complexity or refinement.
Example
The sophistication of modern AI technology is remarkable.
C1 noun
soprano
la voz más alta femenina o de niño
Meaning
the highest female or boy’s singing voice
Example
She sang beautifully in the soprano range during the concert.
C1 noun
sorcery
hechicería
Meaning
the use of magical powers, especially through spells and enchantments
Example
The villagers believed the illness was caused by sorcery.
C1 adjective
sordid
sórdido
Meaning
involving immoral or dishonorable actions; dirty or unpleasant
Example
The newspaper exposed the politician's sordid past.
C1 adjective
Sound-proof
a prueba de sonido; que evita que el sonido entre o salga
Meaning
impervious to sound; preventing sound from entering or leaving
Example
The recording studio has sound-proof walls.
C1 adjective
sovereign
soberano, supremo
Meaning
Possessing supreme or ultimate power; independent.
Example
The sovereign government has control over its currency.
C1 noun
sovereignty
soberanía
Meaning
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; supreme power or authority.
Example
Sovereignty is essential for a nation's identity.
C1 noun
spaced repetition
repetición espaciada
Meaning
A learning technique that involves reviewing information at increasing intervals to improve long-term retention.
Example
Spaced repetition helps in long-term memory retention.
C1 adjective
sparing
ahorrativo / moderado
Meaning
Using or giving only a little of something; economical.
Example
She is sparing in her use of words.
C1 adjective
sparse
escaso
Meaning
thinly scattered or distributed; not dense or abundant
Example
Vegetation was sparse in the desert.
C1 adjective
spartan
espartano
Meaning
showing simplicity and lack of luxury; austere
Example
He lived in a spartan room with just a bed and a chair.