second-rate
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C1 adjective /ˌsekənd ˈreɪt/

second-rate

de segunda categoría
Meaning
Of mediocre or inferior quality.
Example
The movie was entertaining but clearly second-rate compared to the original.
La película fue entretenida, pero claramente de segunda categoría en comparación con la original.
C1 noun /sɪv/

sieve

colador
Meaning
a utensil with a mesh or perforated bottom, used for straining or sifting
Example
She used a sieve to strain the pasta.
Ella usó un colador para colar la pasta.
C1 adverb spɒnˈteɪnɪəsli

spontaneously

espontáneamente
Meaning
In a spontaneous way; naturally and without planning or external cause.
Example
Children learn spontaneously through peer interactions.
Los niños aprenden espontáneamente a través de interacciones entre compañeros.
C1 noun /ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθɛtɪk ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

photosynthetic efficiency

eficiencia fotosintética
Meaning
The measure of how effectively plants convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis, directly affecting plant growth and crop yield.
Example
Improving photosynthetic efficiency can increase crop yields.
Mejorar la eficiencia fotosintética puede aumentar los rendimientos de los cultivos.
C1 noun /rɪˌdʒuːvəˈneɪʃən/

rejuvenation

rejuvenecimiento
Meaning
The process of restoring something to a former better state, especially referring to renewing soil fertility or revitalizing agricultural land through various restoration practices.
Example
Rejuvenation of soil is necessary for sustainable agriculture.
El rejuvenecimiento del suelo es necesario para la agricultura sostenible.
C1 noun /bəˈtæljən/

battalion

batallón
Meaning
A large body of soldiers ready for battle, typically consisting of several companies.
Example
The battalion was deployed to the front line.
El batallón fue desplegado a la línea del frente.
C1 adjective /ˈfjuː.dəl/

feudal

feudal
Meaning
relating to the system of feudalism, a medieval social system based on land ownership and obligations
Example
The castle is a remnant of the feudal era.
El castillo es un vestigio de la era feudal.
C1 adjective /ˈtɜːrʃieri/

tertiary

terciario
Meaning
third in order, rank, or level
Example
He is pursuing his tertiary education at the university.
El esta cursando su educacion terciaria en la universidad.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈfæt.ɪk/

Emphatic

enérgico; fuerte; expresado con fuerza y convicción
Meaning
forceful; strong; showing emphasis; expressed with force and conviction
Example
She gave an emphatic 'no' to the proposal.
Ella dio un 'no' enfático a la propuesta.
C1 noun /ˈkɒndɪmənt/

condiment

condimento
Meaning
a substance such as salt, mustard, or ketchup that is used to add flavor to food
Example
Ketchup is a popular condiment in many countries.
El kétchup es un condimento popular en muchos países.
C1 verb /ˈɡɑːbəl/

gobble

tragar rápidamente
Meaning
to eat something quickly and greedily
Example
The children gobbled their food in minutes.
Los niños tragaron su comida en minutos.
C1 adjective /sər'pæs.ɪŋ/

Surpassing

sobresaliente; superior; extraordinario
Meaning
exceeding; going beyond; outstanding
Example
Her surpassing beauty made everyone stop and stare.
Su belleza sobresaliente hizo que todos se detuvieran y la miraran.
C1 adjective /ˈed.jʊ.keɪ.tɪv/

Educative

educativo; instructivo; informativo
Meaning
providing education; instructive; informative
Example
The documentary was highly educative and informative.
El documental fue muy educativo e informativo.
C1 adjective /ˈper.ɪ.ləs/

perilous

peligroso, arriesgado, inseguro
Meaning
Full of danger or risk; hazardous and threatening.
Example
The explorers took a perilous journey.
Los exploradores hicieron un viaje peligroso.
C1 verb /ɪnˈkrɪmɪˌneɪt/

incriminate

incriminar
Meaning
to make someone appear guilty of a crime or wrongdoing
Example
The new evidence could incriminate the suspect in the robbery case.
La nueva evidencia podría incriminar al sospechoso en el caso de robo.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.floʊ/

inflow

flujo
Meaning
The movement of things such as money, people, or water into a place.
Example
The inflow of tourists boosted the local economy.
El flujo de turistas impulsó la economía local.
C1 noun /kræɡ/

crag

un acantilado o roca empinada
Meaning
a steep or rugged cliff or rock face
Example
The hikers climbed the jagged crag to reach the summit.
Los excursionistas subieron el acantilado escarpado para llegar a la cima.
C1 noun ˌnæʃ.ən.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

nationalization

nacionalización
Meaning
The process of a government taking control of private property or industry.
Example
The nationalization of banks was aimed at stabilizing the economy.
La nacionalización de los bancos fue dirigida a estabilizar la economía.
C1 verb /ɪnˈreɪdʒ/

enrage

enfurecer
Meaning
To make someone extremely angry.
Example
His unfair remarks enraged the audience.
Sus comentarios injustos enfurecieron a la audiencia.
C1 adjective /ˈɒm.ɪ.nəs/

Ominous

ominoso; amenazante
Meaning
giving the impression that something bad will happen; threatening; foreboding
Example
The dark clouds looked ominous before the storm.
Las nubes oscuras se veían ominosas antes de la tormenta.
C1 noun /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

euthanasia

muerte asistida
Meaning
The practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering.
Example
The debate about euthanasia raises difficult ethical questions.
El debate sobre la eutanasia plantea preguntas éticas difíciles.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃən/

conflagration

gran incendio destructor
Meaning
A large, destructive fire that destroys a great deal of land or property.
Example
The forest was devastated by a massive conflagration that lasted for days.
El bosque fue devastado por un enorme incendio que duró varios días.
C1 noun /ænˈtæɡənɪzəm/

antagonism

antagonismo
Meaning
active hostility or opposition
Example
There was clear antagonism between the two political parties.
Había un claro antagonismo entre los dos partidos políticos.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈspjuːtəbəl/

Indisputable

indiscutible; innegable; cierto
Meaning
impossible to deny or argue against; undeniable; certain
Example
The evidence against him was indisputable.
La evidencia en su contra era indiscutible.
C1 adjective /præɡˈmæt.ɪk/

pragmatic

pragmático
Meaning
Dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than idealistic considerations.
Example
He took a pragmatic approach to solving the financial crisis.
Él adoptó un enfoque pragmático para resolver la crisis financiera.
C1 noun /ˌkɒŋɡrɪˈɡeɪʃən/

congregation

congregación
Meaning
a group of people assembled for religious worship or a common purpose
Example
The congregation gathered to hear the sermon.
La congregación se reunió para escuchar el sermón.
C1 adjective /frɔːt/

fraught

lleno
Meaning
Filled with or likely to result in something undesirable.
Example
The negotiations were fraught with tension and uncertainty.
Las negociaciones estuvieron llenas de tensión e incertidumbre.
C1 noun /ˈmɑː.kɪt ˌpen.ɪˈtreɪ.ʃən/

Market Penetration

penetración de mercado
Meaning
A measure of the amount of sales or adoption of a product or service compared to the total theoretical market for that product or service.
Example
High market penetration ensures competitive dominance.
Una alta penetración de mercado asegura dominancia competitiva.
C1 adjective kəˈlɒs.əl

Colossal

colosal
Meaning
Extremely large, gigantic, enormous in size or extent.
Example
The colossal pyramids of Egypt are a marvel of architecture.
Las colosales pirámides de Egipto son una maravilla de la arquitectura.
C1 adjective /əˈkɪn/

akin

similar
Meaning
Of similar character or related by blood.
Example
His reaction was akin to shock.
Su reacción fue similar a un shock.
C1 noun /sɪˈsɛʃən/

secession

secesión
Meaning
The action of formally withdrawing from membership of a federation or body.
Example
The secession of the southern states led to the Civil War.
La secesión de los estados del sur llevó a la Guerra Civil.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnbɔːrn/

Inborn

innato; congénito; inherente
Meaning
existing from birth; natural; inherent
Example
She has an inborn talent for music.
Ella tiene un talento innato para la música.
C1 adjective /mjuːˈnɪsɪpəl/

municipal

municipal
Meaning
relating to a city or town or its local government
Example
The municipal authority is responsible for maintaining the park.
La autoridad municipal es responsable de mantener el parque.
C1 adjective /ˈneɡ.lɪ.dʒənt/

Negligent

negligente
Meaning
failing to take proper care; careless; showing lack of attention
Example
The negligent driver caused a serious accident.
El conductor negligente causó un accidente grave.
C1 noun /ˈmæk.rəʊˌnjuː.tri.ənts/

macronutrients

macronutrientes
Meaning
Nutrients that are needed in large amounts to provide energy and building materials for the body, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Example
Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are vital macronutrients.
Las proteínas, las grasas y los carbohidratos son macronutrientes vitales.
C1 noun /ˈkɒləmnɪst/

columnist

columnista
Meaning
a journalist who regularly writes articles or opinions for a newspaper or magazine
Example
The columnist wrote an article about climate change.
El columnista escribió un artículo sobre el cambio climático.
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪkəl/

satirical

satírico
Meaning
containing or using satire to criticize or mock
Example
The satirical cartoon mocked the government's new policy.
El dibujo satírico burló la nueva política del gobierno.
C1 adverb /ˈvælɪdli/

validly

válidamente
Meaning
in a legally, logically, or officially acceptable manner
Example
The contract was validly signed by both parties.
El contrato fue firmado válidamente por ambas partes.
C1 adjective /ˈplaɪəbəl/

pliable

flexible
Meaning
easily bent or flexible; adaptable
Example
The metal is pliable enough to be shaped into jewelry.
El metal es lo suficientemente flexible como para ser moldeado en joyas.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɔːrdənət/

inordinate

excesivo
Meaning
Excessive or unusually large in degree.
Example
She spent an inordinate amount of time on her phone.
Ella pasó un tiempo excesivo en su teléfono.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈlaɪ.tənd/

Enlightened

iluminado; esclarecido; sabio;
Meaning
having or showing a rational, modern outlook; having spiritual knowledge or understanding
Example
The enlightened teacher shared wisdom with all her students.
El maestro iluminado compartió sabiduría con todos sus estudiantes.
C1 noun /ˈdɒktrɪn/

doctrine

doctrina
Meaning
A set of beliefs or principles held and taught by a religious, political, or other group.
Example
The church follows a strict doctrine on moral values.
La iglesia sigue una estricta doctrina sobre los valores morales.
C1 verb /riːk/

wreak

causar daño
Meaning
to cause or inflict something, especially damage or harm
Example
The storm wreaked havoc on the coastal villages.
La tormenta causó grandes daños en los pueblos costeros.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtənt/

inadvertent

inadvertido, no intencionado
Meaning
Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning; unintentional.
Example
Her inadvertent mistake caused a delay in the project.
Su error inadvertido causó un retraso en el proyecto.
C1 noun /ɡriːn ˈkəʊ.kə.nʌt/

Green Coconut

coco verde
Meaning
a young coconut with green outer shell containing refreshing coconut water
Example
We drank fresh water from a green coconut on the beach.
Bebimos agua fresca de un coco verde en la playa.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈtʌtʃ/

retouch

retocar
Meaning
To improve or repair a picture, photograph, or image by making small changes.
Example
The photographer retouched the image to remove blemishes.
El fotógrafo retocó la imagen para eliminar manchas.
C1 verb /aʊtˈwɪt/

outwit

superar con astucia
Meaning
to defeat or gain an advantage over someone by being more clever or cunning
Example
The fox managed to outwit the hunters.
El zorro logró engañar a los cazadores.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈprɒbəbl/

improbable

improbable
Meaning
Not likely to be true or to happen.
Example
It seems improbable that he will arrive on time.
Parece improbable que llegue a tiempo.
C1 noun /ˈspaɪər/

spire

aguja
Meaning
a tall, pointed structure on top of a building, especially a church
Example
The church spire could be seen from miles away.
La aguja de la iglesia se podía ver desde kilómetros de distancia.
C1 adjective ˌkɑːr.sɪ.nəˈdʒen.ɪk

carcinogenic

carcinógeno
Meaning
Having the potential to cause cancer in living tissue.
Example
Processed meat contains carcinogenic compounds.
La carne procesada contiene compuestos carcinógenos.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəbl/

inexplicable

inexplicable
Meaning
Impossible to explain or understand.
Example
The sudden disappearance of the file was inexplicable.
La repentina desaparición del archivo fue inexplicable.
C1 noun /ˈhɪpnətɪzəm/

hypnotism

hipnotismo
Meaning
The practice or act of inducing hypnosis.
Example
He studied hypnotism as part of his psychology degree.
Estudió el hipnotismo como parte de su carrera en psicología.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛdʒɪtətɪv/

vegetative

relacionado con el crecimiento o los procesos básicos de la vida
Meaning
relating to growth or the basic processes of life, often without conscious thought or activity
Example
The patient remained in a vegetative state after the accident.
El paciente permaneció en un estado vegetativo después del accidente.
C1 noun /hɔːrd/

horde

multitud
Meaning
A large group or crowd, especially one that is disorderly or difficult to control.
Example
A horde of fans gathered outside the stadium.
Una multitud de fanáticos se reunió fuera del estadio.
C1 verb /mɔːrf/

morph

transformarse
Meaning
to change smoothly from one form, shape, or character into another
Example
The caterpillar will morph into a butterfly.
La oruga se transformará en una mariposa.
C1 verb /ˌdiː.kəmˈprɛs/

decompress

descomprimir
Meaning
To relax and recover from stress or pressure.
Example
Taking deep breaths helps to decompress after a stressful day.
Tomar respiraciones profundas ayuda a descomprimir después de un día estresante.
C1 preposition /ˈbɑːrɪŋ/

barring

excepto por, salvo
Meaning
except for; if not for
Example
Barring a miracle, the team will not win the championship.
Salvo un milagro, el equipo no ganará el campeonato.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnfɪdænt/

confidant

confidente
Meaning
A person with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting them not to repeat it.
Example
She found a true confidant in her childhood friend.
Ella encontró un verdadero confidente en su amigo de la infancia.
C1 noun /ˈprɒksi/

proxy

representante
Meaning
A person authorized to act on behalf of another; a substitute.
Example
She voted by proxy at the meeting.
Ella votó por proxy en la reunión.
C1 noun /ˈpiːɒn/

peon

peón
Meaning
a low-ranking worker, often performing menial tasks
Example
The office peon delivered the files to each department.
El peón de la oficina entregó los archivos a cada departamento.
C1 adjective /ˈlæk.tɪk/

lactic

relacionado con la leche o el ácido láctico
Meaning
Relating to milk or lactic acid.
Example
Intense exercise can lead to a buildup of lactic acid in the muscles.
El ejercicio intenso puede causar una acumulación de ácido láctico en los músculos.
C1 noun /ˌɑːsɪˈleɪʃən/

oscillation

oscilación
Meaning
The movement back and forth at a regular speed.
Example
The oscillation of the pendulum controls the clock.
La oscilación del péndulo controla el reloj.
C1 adjective /ˈevər ˈlæstɪŋ/

Ever-lasting

eterno; permanente;
Meaning
eternal; permanent; enduring forever
Example
Their love is ever-lasting and will never fade.
Su amor es eterno y nunca se desvanecerá.
C1 noun /ˈriːbeɪt/

rebate

descuento/reembolso
Meaning
a partial refund given to someone who has paid too much money for something
Example
The store offered a rebate on bulk purchases.
La tienda ofreció un descuento en compras al por mayor.
C1 verb /ˌmɪsˈriːd/

misread

leer mal
Meaning
to read something incorrectly or interpret wrongly
Example
He misread the instructions and built the shelf incorrectly.
Él leyó mal las instrucciones y construyó la estantería incorrectamente.
C1 noun /səˈprɛʃən/

suppression

supresión
Meaning
the act of forcibly stopping something or holding back feelings or actions
Example
The suppression of free speech led to protests.
La supresión de la libertad de expresión llevó a protestas.
C1 noun /meɪn/

mane

melena
Meaning
the long hair growing on the neck of a horse, lion, or other animal
Example
The lion shook its thick mane proudly.
El león sacudió su espesa melena con orgullo.
C1 noun /ˌæf.ɚˈmeɪ.ʃən/

affirmation

afirmación
Meaning
The action or process of affirming something or being affirmed; emotional support or encouragement.
Example
Daily affirmation of self-worth boosts confidence.
La afirmación diaria del autoestima aumenta la confianza.
C1 noun /ˈoʊvərˌtʊr/

overture

overture / propuesta
Meaning
An introduction to something more substantial; a proposal or preliminary action.
Example
The peace overture was welcomed by both nations.
La propuesta de paz fue bienvenida por ambas naciones.
C1 adjective /lʌʃ/

lush

rico, abundante y lujoso, especialmente refiriéndose a la vegetación
Meaning
rich, abundant, and luxurious, especially referring to vegetation
Example
The valley was filled with lush green fields.
El valle estaba lleno de campos verdes y exuberantes.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnˈɪntɪmeɪtɪŋ/

unintimating

sin indicios
Meaning
Not giving a hint or suggestion; not indicating.
Example
His unintimating tone gave no clue of his true feelings.
Su tono sin indicios no dio ninguna pista sobre sus verdaderos sentimientos.
C1 noun /ˈpræɡ.mə.tɪ.zəm/

pragmatism

pragmatismo
Meaning
A practical approach to problems and affairs; dealing with things sensibly and realistically.
Example
His pragmatism helped solve the financial crisis.
Su pragmatismo ayudó a resolver la crisis financiera.
C1 verb /ˈkɒŋɡrɪɡeɪt/

congregate

congregarse, reunirse
Meaning
to gather together in a group; to assemble
Example
People congregate in the town square every evening.
la gente se reúne en la plaza del pueblo todas las noches.
C1 verb /ˌʌndərˈvæljuː/

undervalue

devaluar
Meaning
To assign too low a value or importance to something or someone.
Example
She felt that her boss consistently undervalued her contributions.
Ella sintió que su jefe constantemente no valoraba sus contribuciones.
C1 noun /ˈsɛntrɪˌfjuːdʒ/

centrifuge

centrífuga
Meaning
A machine that spins substances at high speed to separate different components.
Example
The lab technician used a centrifuge to separate the blood cells from the plasma.
El técnico de laboratorio usó una centrífuga para separar las células sanguíneas del plasma.
C1 adjective /aɪˈdɪlɪk/

idyllic

idílico y hermoso
Meaning
Like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque.
Example
They enjoyed an idyllic vacation by the sea.
Disfrutaron de unas vacaciones idílicas junto al mar.
C1 noun, verb /fɔːrd/

ford

vado
Meaning
A shallow place in a river where one can cross; to cross a river at such a place.
Example
The travelers decided to ford the river at dawn.
Los viajeros decidieron cruzar el río por un vado al amanecer.
C1 noun/verb /ˈtæm.pər.ɪŋ/

tampering

alteración no autorizada
Meaning
The action of interfering with something in order to cause damage or make unauthorized alterations.
Example
Tampering with evidence is a criminal offense.
Alterar pruebas es un delito criminal.
C1 noun ˈæk.si.əm

axiom

axioma
Meaning
A statement or principle that is considered true and does not require proof.
Example
Actions speak louder than words is a well-known axiom.
Las acciones hablan más fuerte que las palabras, es un axioma conocido.
C1 noun /ˈhiːdəˌnɪzəm/

hedonism

hedonismo
Meaning
The pursuit of pleasure and self-indulgence as the highest goal.
Example
The lifestyle of the rich is often criticized as pure hedonism.
El estilo de vida de los ricos a menudo se critica como puro hedonismo.
C1 adjective ˈkwɒn.tɪ.faɪ.ə.bəl

quantifiable

cuantificable
Meaning
Able to be expressed or measured as a quantity; capable of being counted or calculated.
Example
The impact of the project is quantifiable.
El impacto del proyecto es cuantificable.
C1 noun/verb /θrɒŋ/

throng

multitud
Meaning
A large, densely packed crowd of people or animals; to fill or be present in a place in large numbers.
Example
Tourists thronged the streets during the festival.
Los turistas abarrotaron las calles durante el festival.
C1 noun /ˈblɪs.tər/

Blister

ampolla
Meaning
a small bubble on the skin filled with serum and caused by friction, burning, or other damage
Example
The new shoes gave her a painful blister on her heel.
Los nuevos zapatos le dieron una dolorosa ampolla en el talón.
C1 verb /ɪkˈspend/

expend

gastar
Meaning
to use up or consume; to spend energy or resources
Example
He expended all his energy on the project.
Él gastó toda su energía en el proyecto.
C1 verb /dɪˈpliːt/

deplete

agotar
Meaning
to reduce the quantity or supply of something
Example
The long war has depleted the country's resources.
La larga guerra ha agotado los recursos del país.
C1 noun /pəˈlɪɡ.ə.mi/

Polygamy

poligamia
Meaning
the practice of marrying multiple spouses at the same time
Example
Polygamy is illegal in many countries around the world.
La poligamia es ilegal en muchos países alrededor del mundo.
C1 adjective /fəˈnætɪkəl/

fanatical

fanático
Meaning
showing extreme enthusiasm or obsession
Example
She has a fanatical interest in collecting vintage stamps.
Ella tiene un interés fanático en coleccionar sellos antiguos.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌrʌnər/

forerunner

precursor
Meaning
A person or thing that comes before another; a predecessor or harbinger.
Example
The Wright brothers were the forerunners of modern aviation.
Los hermanos Wright fueron los precursores de la aviación moderna.
C1 noun /ˌæbəˈrɪdʒəniːz/

aborigines

aborígenes
Meaning
The original inhabitants of a land, especially in Australia.
Example
The aborigines have preserved their traditions for thousands of years.
Los aborígenes han preservado sus tradiciones durante miles de años.
C1 verb /flɪntʃ/

flinch

retroceder
Meaning
to suddenly move back or away due to fear or pain
Example
He didn’t flinch when the doctor gave him the injection.
Él no se echó atrás cuando el doctor le dio la inyección.
C1 noun /ˈpɛrəntɪdʒ/

parentage

linaje
Meaning
The identity and origins of one's parents; descent or lineage.
Example
Her noble parentage gave her access to the royal court.
Su noble linaje le dio acceso a la corte real.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʒʊəriəs/

injurious

perjudicial
Meaning
Causing or likely to cause harm or damage.
Example
Smoking is injurious to health.
Fumar es perjudicial para la salud.
C1 adjective /ɔːˌθɒr.ɪˈteə.ri.ən/

authoritarian

autoritario
Meaning
Demanding absolute obedience to authority; excessively controlling or strict in governance.
Example
Authoritarian parenting often limits a child's independence.
La crianza autoritaria a menudo limita la independencia de un niño.
C1 verb /əˈfɪliˌeɪt/

affiliate

afiliar
Meaning
to officially attach or connect (a group or organization) to a larger body
Example
The school is affiliated with the local university.
La escuela está afiliada a la universidad local.
C1 noun /ɡʌl/

Gull

gaviota
Meaning
a seabird with webbed feet, long wings, and usually white and gray feathers
Example
The gull swooped down to grab the fish from the water.
La gaviota se lanzó hacia abajo para agarrar el pez del agua.
C1 adjective /rɪˈkʌr.ənt/

Recurrent

recurrente
Meaning
happening repeatedly; occurring again and again; periodic;
Example
She has been suffering from recurrent headaches for months.
Ella ha estado sufriendo dolores de cabeza recurrentes durante meses.
C1 adjective /prəˈpɔːrʃənət/

proportionate

proporcional
Meaning
Corresponding in size, degree, or intensity; balanced in relation.
Example
The punishment should be proportionate to the crime.
La pena debe ser proporcional al crimen.
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səˈbɔːr.dɪ.nət/

insubordinate

insubordinado
Meaning
Defiant of authority; disobedient to orders.
Example
The insubordinate employee refused to follow the manager's instructions.
El empleado insubordinado se negó a seguir las instrucciones del gerente.
C1 noun /fɑːrs/

farce

farsa
Meaning
a comic dramatic work using buffoonery and horseplay, or a ridiculous situation
Example
The meeting turned into a complete farce with everyone arguing.
La reunión se convirtió en una farsa completa con todos discutiendo.
C1 noun /naɪˈiːvɪti/

naivety

ingenuidad
Meaning
The quality of being innocent, simple, and lacking experience or sophistication.
Example
Her naivety made her trust people too easily.
Su ingenuidad la hizo confiar en las personas demasiado fácilmente.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnsjʊlət/

consulate

consulado
Meaning
the building or office where a consul works
Example
He went to the consulate to renew his visa.
Él fue al consulado para renovar su visa.
C1 adjective /ˈsʌl.ki/

Sulky

malhumorado y taciturno; temperamental
Meaning
bad-tempered and sullen; moody
Example
The child became sulky when he couldn't get his favorite toy.
El niño se puso malhumorado cuando no pudo conseguir su juguete favorito.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːr.teɪ/ or /fɔːrt/

forte

fortaleza
Meaning
a strong ability or talent; something one does particularly well
Example
Cooking is definitely her forte.
Cocinar es definitivamente su fortaleza.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːr.θən/

Earthen

hecho de tierra o arcilla; relacionado con la cerámica
Meaning
made of earth or clay; relating to pottery or ceramic materials
Example
The kitchen had beautiful earthen pots for storage.
La cocina tenía hermosas ollas de barro para almacenamiento.
C1 noun /ˈpraɪ.meɪt/

primate

primate, animal de la familia de los monos
Meaning
A member of the group of animals including humans, apes, and monkeys.
Example
Humans are classified as primates.
Los humanos están clasificados como primates.
C1 noun /kənˈsiːt/

conceit

vanidad
Meaning
excessive pride in oneself; vanity
Example
His conceit made him unpopular among his colleagues.
Su vanidad lo hizo impopular entre sus compañeros.
C1 noun /ˌnoʊtəˈraɪəti/

notoriety

notoriedad
Meaning
The state of being famous or well-known for something bad.
Example
The criminal gained notoriety for his daring escapes.
El criminal ganó notoriedad por sus audaces escapatorias.
C1 adjective ɔːˈspɪʃ.əs

auspicious

auspicioso
Meaning
Favorable or bringing good luck and success
Example
The wedding was held on an auspicious day.
La boda se celebró en un día auspicioso.
C1 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡɒn/

polygon

polígono
Meaning
a flat shape with three or more straight sides
Example
The artist drew a colorful polygon on the canvas.
El artista dibujó un polígon colorido en el lienzo.
C1 adjective, verb (past tense/participle of mire) /ˈmaɪərd/

mired

atrapado
Meaning
Trapped or entangled in something, typically a difficult situation.
Example
The politician was mired in scandal.
El político estaba atrapado en un escándalo.
C1 noun /ˌrɛpəˈreɪʃən/

reparation

reparación
Meaning
the making of amends for a wrong done by paying money or helping those who were wronged
Example
The government offered reparations to the victims of the conflict.
El gobierno ofreció reparaciones a las víctimas del conflicto.
C1 adjective /ˈspel.baʊnd/

Spellbound

hechizado; cautivado
Meaning
completely fascinated and unable to move or think about anything else; enchanted
Example
The children sat spellbound as the magician performed his tricks.
Los niños se quedaron hechizados mientras el mago hacía sus trucos.
C1 adjective /əˈrɛstɪŋ/

arresting

atractivo
Meaning
Attracting attention in a striking or impressive way.
Example
The actress gave an arresting performance.
La actriz dio una actuación atractiva.
C1 noun /ˈsɔːrsəri/

sorcery

hechicería
Meaning
the use of magical powers, especially through spells and enchantments
Example
The villagers believed the illness was caused by sorcery.
Los aldeanos creían que la enfermedad fue causada por hechicería.
C1 verb /aʊtˈlɪv/

outlive

sobrevivir
Meaning
to live longer than someone or something else
Example
She outlived all her siblings.
Ella vivió más tiempo que todos sus hermanos.
C1 adjective eɪˈsɪŋ.krə.nəs

asynchronous

asíncrono
Meaning
Of or requiring a form of computer control timing protocol in which a specific operation begins upon receipt of an indication that the preceding operation has been completed.
Example
Asynchronous courses allow students to learn at their own pace.
Los cursos asincrónicos permiten a los estudiantes aprender a su propio ritmo.
C1 noun /ˈhæŋ.ər/

Hangar

hangar
Meaning
a large building with extensive floor area, typically for housing aircraft; an aircraft shelter
Example
The airplane was stored safely in the hangar during the severe thunderstorm.
El avión fue guardado de forma segura en el hangar durante la tormenta severa.
C1 adjective /ˈprɪnsəpəld/

principled

principista
Meaning
acting in accordance with moral or ethical standards
Example
He is a principled leader who always puts honesty first.
Él es un líder principista que siempre pone la honestidad primero.
C1 noun /ˈkælkjʊləs/

calculus

cálculo
Meaning
A branch of mathematics concerned with rates of change and accumulation; also a hard mineral deposit in the body such as on teeth.
Example
Calculus is essential for advanced studies in physics and engineering.
El cálculo es esencial para los estudios avanzados en física e ingeniería.
C1 verb /əˈliː.vi.eɪt/

alleviate

aliviar o mitigar
Meaning
To make suffering, deficiency, or a problem less severe; to relieve or ease.
Example
Meditation can alleviate stress and improve focus.
La meditación puede aliviar el estrés y mejorar el enfoque.
C1 adjective /ˌjuːnɪˈlætərəl/

Unilateral

unilateral
Meaning
one-sided; involving only one party
Example
The country made a unilateral decision to withdraw from the treaty.
El país tomó una decisión unilateral de retirarse del tratado.