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C1 noun /ˈprəʊ.lɒɡ/

prologue

prólogo
Meaning
an introduction to a book, play, or event
Example
The novel begins with a short prologue set in the past.
La novela comienza con un corto prólogo establecido en el pasado.
C1 noun/verb ˈpɪv.ət

pivot

cambio estratégico, eje, cambio de proceso
Meaning
A significant change in business strategy or direction.
Example
The company decided to pivot its business strategy.
La compañía decidió cambiar su estrategia empresarial.
C1 noun /ˈper.ɪ.wɪŋ.kəl/

Periwinkle

periwinkle
Meaning
a small trailing plant with violet-blue or white flowers
Example
Purple periwinkles covered the garden ground beautifully.
Las periwinkles moradas cubrían hermosamente el suelo del jardín.
C1 verb /prɪˈkluːd/

preclude

prevenir
Meaning
To prevent something from happening; to make impossible.
Example
Heavy rain precluded the possibility of a picnic.
La lluvia intensa precluyó la posibilidad de un picnic.
C1 noun /ˈpɜːrɡəˌtɔːri/

purgatory

un lugar o estado de sufrimiento habitado por las almas de los pecadores que expían sus pecados antes de ir al cielo
Meaning
A place or state of suffering inhabited by the souls of sinners who are expiating their sins before going to heaven; a temporary condition of torment or suffering.
Example
After the accident, the long recovery felt like a kind of purgatory.
Después del accidente, la larga recuperación se sintió como una especie de purgatorio.
C1 adjective /pərˈmɪsəbl̩/

permissible

permitido
Meaning
allowed or permitted by rules or law
Example
It is permissible to park here after 6 p.m.
Está permitido estacionar aquí después de las 6 p.m.
C1 noun /ˈpɒ̃ʃɒ̃/

penchant

inclinación
Meaning
a strong or habitual liking for something or tendency to do something
Example
She has a penchant for collecting rare books.
Ella tiene una inclinación por coleccionar libros raros.
C1 verb /priːˈɛmpt/

preempt

prevenir
Meaning
To take action in order to prevent something from happening; to take the place of something.
Example
The government acted quickly to preempt a financial crisis.
El gobierno actuó rápidamente para prevenir una crisis financiera.
C1 noun ˈprɛvələns

prevalence

prevalencia
Meaning
The fact or condition of being widespread; the extent to which something exists or occurs
Example
The prevalence of aging issues requires immediate attention.
La prevalencia de los problemas relacionados con el envejecimiento requiere atención inmediata.
C1 verb /ˌpriːˈmɛdɪteɪt/

premeditate

premeditar
Meaning
to think about and plan something (especially a crime) beforehand
Example
The suspect was accused of premeditating the crime.
El sospechoso fue acusado de premeditar el crimen.
C1 adjective /prɪˈsɪpɪtəs/

precipitous

empinado o repentino
Meaning
Extremely steep or sudden; done quickly without careful consideration.
Example
The hikers struggled to climb the precipitous slope.
Los excursionistas lucharon por subir la pendiente empinada.
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrpɔːrt/

purport

pretender
Meaning
to claim or profess something, often falsely
Example
The document purports to be an official government report.
El documento pretende ser un informe oficial del gobierno.
C1 noun /prəˈpɛlənt/

propellant

propelente
Meaning
A substance that drives or pushes something forward, especially fuel in rockets or engines.
Example
The rocket uses a liquid propellant to launch into space.
El cohete utiliza un propelente líquido para lanzarse al espacio.
C1 noun /pɒˈstɛrɪti/

posterity

posteridad
Meaning
All future generations of people.
Example
The monument was built for the benefit of posterity.
El monumento fue construido para el beneficio de la posteridad.
C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

pertinent

pertinente
Meaning
Relevant or applicable to a particular matter.
Example
She asked a pertinent question during the meeting.
Ella hizo una pregunta pertinente durante la reunión.
C1 adjective /prəˈlɪf.ɪk/

prolific

prolífico
Meaning
Present in large numbers or quantities; plentiful; producing many works, results, or offspring.
Example
The author is prolific, having written over 30 books.
El autor es prolífico, ha escrito más de 30 libros.
C1 noun /ˈpɪt.əns/

pittance

miseria
Meaning
a very small or inadequate amount of money
Example
She worked long hours for a mere pittance.
Ella trabajó muchas horas por una miseria.
C1 noun /ˈpɪt.fɔːl/

pitfall

trampa, dificultad
Meaning
a hidden or unexpected danger or difficulty
Example
Investors must be aware of the pitfalls of the market.
Los inversionistas deben estar al tanto de las trampas del mercado.
C1 noun /pəˈpaɪrəs/

papyrus

papiro
Meaning
An ancient writing material made from the pith of the papyrus plant; also refers to the plant itself.
Example
The ancient scroll was written on papyrus.
El antiguo pergamino fue escrito en papiro.
C1 noun /ˈpetɪkoʊt/

Petti-coat

enagua
Meaning
an undergarment worn by women under a dress or skirt
Example
She wore a white petticoat under her dress.
Ella llevaba un peto blanco debajo de su vestido.
C1 adjective /ˈpent ʌp/

Pent-up

reprimido; restringido; confinado
Meaning
suppressed; restrained; confined
Example
He had pent-up anger that finally exploded.
Él tenía ira reprimida que finalmente explotó.
C1 noun ˈpraʊ.es

prowess

destreza
Meaning
Skill or expertise in a particular activity or field.
Example
Prowess in sports enhances team strength.
La destreza en los deportes mejora la fuerza del equipo.
C1 verb /pəˈveɪd/

pervade

permeabilizar
Meaning
to spread through and be present in every part of something
Example
The smell of fresh flowers pervaded the entire room.
El aroma de las flores frescas permeó toda la habitación.
C1 noun /ˈprɒvənəns/

provenance

origen
Meaning
The origin or source of something.
Example
The museum verified the provenance of the ancient manuscript.
El museo verificó el origen del antiguo manuscrito.
C1 adjective /ˈplɒd.ɪŋ/

plodding

lento y aburrido
Meaning
slow-moving and unexciting; showing steady effort
Example
The movie was entertaining but a bit plodding in the middle.
La película fue entretenida, pero un poco lenta y aburrida en el medio.
C1 noun /ˈpær.ə.kiːt/

Parakeet

periquito
Meaning
a small colorful parrot with a long tail, often kept as a pet
Example
The green parakeet learned to say hello.
El periquito verde aprendió a decir hola.
C1 verb /paʊt/

pout

hacer pucheros
Meaning
to push one's lips forward as an expression of annoyance or sulkiness
Example
The child began to pout when he didn’t get the toy.
El niño empezó a hacer pucheros cuando no consiguió el juguete.
C1 noun /ˈpæʃ.ən ˌflaʊ.ər/

Passion flower

flor de la pasión
Meaning
A climbing plant with intricate, colorful flowers; also refers to royal poinciana tree with red-orange blooms
Example
The passion flower vine covered the garden wall with beautiful blooms.
La vid de la flor de la pasión cubrió la pared del jardín con hermosas flores.
C1 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.ləs/

pitiless

despiadado
Meaning
showing no pity or compassion; cruel
Example
The pitiless ruler ignored the suffering of his people.
El gobernante despiadado ignoró el sufrimiento de su pueblo.
C1 adjective /prəˈvɒkətɪv/

provocative

provocativo
Meaning
Intended to make people angry, excited, or interested.
Example
She wore a provocative dress to the party.
Ella llevaba un vestido provocativo a la fiesta.
C1 noun /ˈpriːˌkɜrsər/

precursor

precursor
Meaning
Something or someone that comes before another and indicates the approach of something else.
Example
The steam engine was a precursor to modern trains.
El motor a vapor fue un precursor de los trenes modernos.
C1 noun /ˈproʊtəˌʒeɪ/

protege

protege
Meaning
a person who is guided and supported by an older and more experienced person
Example
The young artist was the protege of a famous painter.
El joven artista era el protegido de un pintor famoso.
C1 adjective /prəˈdɪdʒəs/

prodigious

prodigioso
Meaning
remarkably or impressively great in extent, size, or degree
Example
The team made a prodigious effort to complete the project on time.
El equipo hizo un esfuerzo prodigioso para completar el proyecto a tiempo.
C1 adjective /ˈpiːs.ə.bəl/

Peaceable

pacífico; inclinado a evitar conflictos
Meaning
peaceful; inclined to avoid conflict
Example
The peaceable protest ended without any violence.
La protesta pacífica terminó sin violencia.
C1 adjective /pəˈmɪs.ɪv/

permissive

permisivo
Meaning
Allowing or characterized by great or excessive freedom of behavior; very lenient or indulgent.
Example
Permissive parenting can sometimes lead to a lack of discipline in children.
La crianza permisiva a veces puede llevar a una falta de disciplina en los niños.
C1 adjective /pəˈnɪnsjələr/

peninsular

peninsular
Meaning
Relating to or resembling a peninsula.
Example
The peninsular region is surrounded by water on three sides.
La región peninsular está rodeada de agua por tres lados.
C1 noun /ˈpɛnɪtəns/

penitence

penitencia
Meaning
The action or feeling of showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.
Example
His eyes were full of penitence after realizing his mistake.
Sus ojos estaban llenos de penitencia después de darse cuenta de su error.
C1 noun /ˈprɛljuːd/

prelude

preludio
Meaning
An action, event, or statement that serves as an introduction to something more important.
Example
The small fight was only a prelude to a bigger conflict.
La pequeña pelea fue solo un preludio de un conflicto mayor.
C1 adjective /ˈpaɪ.əs/

Pious

piadoso
Meaning
devoutly religious; showing reverence for God
Example
The pious monk spent hours in prayer every day.
El monje piadoso pasaba horas en oración cada día.
C1 adjective /ˈprɒdɪɡəl/

prodigal

derrochador
Meaning
spending money or resources freely and recklessly; wastefully extravagant
Example
The prodigal son returned home after wasting his inheritance.
El hijo pródigo regresó a casa después de malgastar su herencia.
C1 adjective /ˈprɪs.tiːn/

pristine

prístino, sin alterar, limpio y fresco
Meaning
In its original condition; unspoiled, clean, and fresh.
Example
The forest remains in a pristine condition.
El bosque sigue en condiciones prístinas.
C1 adjective /ˈfɒnɪk/

phonic

fonético
Meaning
relating to speech sounds or their production; connected to phonics
Example
Children learn phonic rules to read new words accurately.
Los niños aprenden las reglas fonéticas para leer nuevas palabras con precisión.
C1 adjective /ˈpen.ɪ.ləs/

Penniless

sin dinero; extremadamente pobre; completamente sin fondos
Meaning
having no money; extremely poor; completely without funds
Example
After losing his job, he became penniless.
Después de perder su trabajo, se quedó sin dinero.
C1 noun, verb /pliːt/

pleat

pliegue
Meaning
a fold in fabric made by doubling the material back upon itself
Example
She added a pleat to the skirt for extra volume.
Ella agregó un pliegue a la falda para más volumen.
C1 adjective /ˈprevələnt/

Prevalent

prevalente
Meaning
widespread; existing very commonly; generally occurring
Example
Smoking is still prevalent among teenagers despite health warnings.
Fumar sigue siendo muy común entre los adolescentes a pesar de las advertencias de salud.
C1 adverb /pɜːr ˈseɪ/

per se

por sí mismo
Meaning
By or in itself; intrinsically.
Example
The idea is not bad per se, but it needs improvement.
La idea no es mala por sí mismo, pero necesita mejora.
C1 adjective/verb /ˈprɒstreɪt/

prostrate

postrado
Meaning
lying stretched out on the ground with one's face downward, often as a sign of submission or exhaustion
Example
He lay prostrate on the ground after the long battle.
Él se tiró postrado en el suelo después de la larga batalla.
C1 adjective /praɪˈmiːvəl/

primeval

primitivo
Meaning
Relating to the earliest ages in history; ancient and primitive.
Example
The explorers ventured into the primeval forest untouched by humans.
Los exploradores se adentraron en el bosque primitivo sin tocar por los humanos.
C1 noun /ˈpeɪtriɑːrk/

patriarch

patriarca
Meaning
a male head of a family or tribe; an older respected man who leads a group
Example
As the family patriarch, he mediated disputes and kept long traditions alive.
Como patriarca de la familia, mediaba disputas y mantenía vivas las viejas tradiciones.
C1 verb /prɪˈdɒmɪneɪt/

predominate

predominar
Meaning
To be the strongest, most common, or most influential element.
Example
Traditional values still predominate in the community.
Los valores tradicionales siguen predominando en la comunidad.
C1 noun /ˈprɒvɪdəns/

providence

providencia divina
Meaning
the protective care of God or nature as a spiritual power; foresight or prudence
Example
They believed their survival was due to divine providence.
Creían que su supervivencia se debía a la providencia divina.
C1 noun /ˈpɪɡmənt/

pigment

pigmento
Meaning
a natural or artificial substance used to give color to something
Example
The artist mixed different pigments to create the perfect shade of blue.
El artista mezcló diferentes pigmentos para crear el tono perfecto de azul.
C1 noun /ˈpɑːrlər/

parlor

salón, tienda
Meaning
A sitting room in a private house, or a shop providing specified services.
Example
They welcomed the guests into the front parlor.
Recibieron a los invitados en el salón principal.
C1 noun /ˈpɛs.tɪ.saɪd ˈrɛz.ɪ.djuː/

pesticide-residue

residuos de pesticidas
Meaning
Chemical remnants left over from pesticides used on crops or in soil.
Example
Excess pesticide-residue in food can be harmful to health.
El exceso de residuos de pesticidas en los alimentos puede ser perjudicial para la salud.
C1 noun /ˈprɒdɪdʒi/

prodigy

prodigio
Meaning
a person, especially a young one, with exceptional talents or abilities
Example
Mozart was a child prodigy in music.
Mozart fue un prodigio infantil en la música.
C1 adjective /ˈpɑːndərəs/

ponderous

pesado y lento
Meaning
slow and clumsy because of great weight; dull and labored
Example
The ponderous lecture made it hard for students to stay awake.
La conferencia pesada y lenta hizo que fuera difícil para los estudiantes mantenerse despiertos.
C1 noun/verb /ˈprɛdɪkət/ (noun), /ˈprɛdɪkeɪt/ (verb)

predicate

predicado / basar en
Meaning
noun: the part of a sentence that tells something about the subject; verb: to base or establish something on a particular idea
Example
His theory is predicated on sound research.
Su teoría está basada en una investigación sólida.
C1 noun ˌpɒlɪˈneɪʃən

Pollination

polinización
Meaning
The process by which pollen is transferred from flowers, enabling plant reproduction.
Example
Butterflies play a vital role in pollination.
Las mariposas juegan un papel vital en la polinización.
C1 adjective /ˈpeɪtrənaɪzɪŋ/

patronizing

condescendiente
Meaning
showing kindness that is perceived as condescending or superior
Example
His patronizing tone offended the audience.
Su tono condescendiente ofendió al público.
C1 noun /ˈpɜːʃən/

Persian

persona nacida en Irán o que habla persa
Meaning
a native or inhabitant of Iran; the language spoken in Iran (Farsi)
Example
The Persian language has a rich literary history.
El idioma persa tiene una rica historia literaria.
C1 noun /prɒɡˈnoʊsɪs/

prognosis

pronóstico
Meaning
A forecast of the likely outcome of a disease or situation.
Example
The doctor gave a positive prognosis for the patient's recovery.
El doctor dio un pronóstico positivo para la recuperación del paciente.
C1 adjective /pɜːrt/

pert

atrevido pero encantador
Meaning
attractively lively or cheeky in manner or style
Example
She gave a pert reply that made everyone laugh.
Ella dio una respuesta atrevida que hizo reír a todos.
C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.nɪ.tɪv/

punitive

punitivo
Meaning
Inflicting or intended as punishment.
Example
The company faced punitive measures for violating the law.
La empresa enfrentó medidas punitivas por violar la ley.
C1 verb /piːk/

pique

despertar
Meaning
to stimulate interest or curiosity; to arouse resentment or anger
Example
Her remarks piqued his curiosity about the secret project.
Sus comentarios despertaron su curiosidad sobre el proyecto secreto.
C1 noun /fɪˈlæn.θrə.pɪst/

philanthropist

filántropo
Meaning
a person who seeks to promote the welfare of others, especially by donating money to good causes
Example
The philanthropist donated millions to build schools in rural areas.
El filántropo donó millones para construir escuelas en áreas rurales.
C1 noun /fɪˈlæn.θrə.pi/

philanthropy

filantropía
Meaning
the desire to promote the welfare of others, often expressed by the generous donation of money to good causes
Example
Philanthropy has helped improve healthcare in many developing countries.
La filantropía ha ayudado a mejorar la atención médica en muchos países en desarrollo.
C1 noun /ˈpiː.hən/

Peahen

pava real hembra
Meaning
female peacock
Example
The peahen is less colorful than the male peacock.
La pava real hembra es menos colorida que el pavo real macho.
C1 adjective /ˌpæθəˈdʒɛnɪk/

pathogenic

patógeno
Meaning
Capable of causing disease.
Example
Some bacteria are harmless, while others are highly pathogenic.
Algunas bacterias son inofensivas, mientras que otras son altamente patógenas.
C1 adjective /ˈpɔːltri/

paltry

insignificante, trivial
Meaning
small or meager; lacking in value or importance
Example
They offered him a paltry sum for his work.
Le ofrecieron una suma insignificante por su trabajo.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

physiological

relacionado con las funciones y actividades corporales
Meaning
Relating to bodily functions and activities.
Example
Exercise improves physiological functions of the body.
El ejercicio mejora las funciones fisiológicas del cuerpo.
C1 adjective /pərˈsɛptɪv/

perceptive

felicidad
Meaning
Having or showing keen insight, understanding, or awareness.
Example
She is very perceptive and quickly notices when something is wrong.
Ella no podía ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun /ˈfiː.nɪks/

phoenix

ave fénix
Meaning
a mythical bird that is reborn from its ashes; symbol of immortality or renewal
Example
The legend says the phoenix rises from its ashes every 500 years.
La leyenda dice que el fénix se levanta de sus cenizas cada 500 años.
C1 noun proʊˈæktɪv ˈseɪvɪŋ

proactive saving

ahorro proactivo
Meaning
Actively planning and setting aside money in advance to prepare for future financial needs
Example
Proactive saving ensures financial stability in old age.
El ahorro proactivo asegura la estabilidad financiera en la vejez.
C1 noun pɔɪz

poise

confianza y compostura
Meaning
Natural confidence and composure maintained under pressure.
Example
A good speaker maintains poise under pressure.
Un buen orador mantiene la compostura bajo presión.
C1 verb /ˈpleɪdʒəraɪz/

plagiarize

plagiar
Meaning
to take someone else's work or ideas and present them as your own
Example
He was warned not to plagiarize his friend's essay.
Se le advirtió que no plagiara el ensayo de su amigo.
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrpətreɪt/

perpetrate

cometer
Meaning
To commit or carry out, typically a harmful, illegal, or immoral act.
Example
The hackers perpetrated a massive cyber attack on the company.
Los hackers perpetraron un gran ataque cibernético a la empresa.
C1 verb /ˌpriːdɪˈtɜːrmɪn/

predetermine

predeterminar
Meaning
to establish or decide something in advance
Example
The outcome of the match seemed predetermined.
El resultado del partido parecía predeterminado.
C1 noun /ˈprəʊsiːdz/

proceeds

ingresos
Meaning
money obtained from an event, activity, or sale
Example
The proceeds from the charity event were donated to the orphanage.
Los ingresos del evento benéfico fueron donados al orfanato.
C1 verb pɚˈpɛtʃ.u.eɪt

perpetuate

mantener algo en funcionamiento continuo o mantenerlo durante mucho tiempo
Meaning
To keep something continuously running or maintain it for a long time.
Example
The media can sometimes perpetuate harmful stereotypes.
Los medios a veces pueden perpetuar estereotipos dañinos.
C1 adjective /pərˈveɪsɪv/

pervasive

pervasivo
Meaning
Existing in or spreading through every part of something
Example
Pervasive technology has become a fundamental part of daily life.
La tecnología pervasiva se ha convertido en una parte fundamental de la vida diaria.
C1 noun /ˌpɜː.mɪˈæbɪlɪti/

permeability

permeabilidad, la calidad o estado de ser permeable, permitiendo que los líquidos o gases pasen a través
Meaning
The quality or state of being permeable; allowing liquids or gases to pass through.
Example
The permeability of the soil affects water retention.
La permeabilidad del suelo afecta la retención de agua.
C1 adjective /ˈpɛnɪtənt/

penitent

arrepentido
Meaning
Feeling or showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.
Example
She was penitent after shouting at her friend.
Ella estaba arrepentida después de gritarle a su amiga.
C1 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.əs/

Piteous

lastimoso; compasivo
Meaning
deserving pity; arousing compassion
Example
The piteous cries of the injured animal moved everyone to tears.
Los lastimosos gritos del animal herido movieron a todos a lágrimas.
C1 noun /ˈpaɪ.ə.ti/

Piety

piedad
Meaning
the quality of being religious or reverent; devout religious belief and practice
Example
His piety was evident in his daily prayers.
Su piedad era evidente en sus oraciones diarias.
C1 noun /ˌpriːməˈnɪʃən/ or /ˌprɛm-/

premonition

premonición
Meaning
a strong feeling that something is about to happen, often something negative
Example
She had a premonition of danger before the trip.
Ella tuvo una premonición de peligro antes del viaje.
C1 adjective /pɑːrtʃt/

parched

extremadamente sediento
Meaning
extremely dry, especially because of heat or thirst
Example
After walking in the desert, he was parched with thirst.
Después de caminar por el desierto, estaba extremadamente sediento.
C1 adjective /ˈpɑːm.pəs/

Pompous

pomposo; pretencioso; excesivamente grandioso
Meaning
showing off; pretentious; overly grand
Example
His pompous attitude annoyed everyone at the meeting.
Su actitud pomposa molestó a todos en la reunión.
C1 adjective /prɪˈkoʊʃəs/

precocious

precoz
Meaning
Showing advanced development or maturity at an unusually early age.
Example
The precocious child was reading novels at the age of five.
El niño precoz estaba leyendo novelas a la edad de cinco años.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.ænˈθrɒp.ɪk/

philanthropic

filantrópico
Meaning
showing concern for the welfare of others; generous and charitable
Example
She is known for her philanthropic activities in the city.
Es conocida por sus actividades filantrópicas en la ciudad.
C1 adjective /ˈpɛtjʊlənt/

petulant

irritable
Meaning
Childishly sulky or bad-tempered.
Example
The child became petulant when denied more candy.
El niño se volvió irritable cuando no le dieron más dulces.
C1 adjective /ˈpær.ə.nɔɪd/

paranoid

tener un miedo o sospecha irracional hacia los demás
Meaning
having an unreasonable fear or suspicion of others
Example
She became paranoid after hearing strange noises outside.
Se volvió paranoica después de escuchar ruidos extraños afuera.
C1 adjective /ˈpʊʃi/

pushy

insistente
Meaning
excessively assertive or aggressive, often annoyingly so
Example
The salesperson was too pushy, which drove customers away.
El vendedor era demasiado insistente, lo que alejó a los clientes.
C1 noun ˈpɜː.mə.kʌl.tʃər

permaculture

permacultura
Meaning
The development of agricultural ecosystems intended to be sustainable and self-sufficient.
Example
Permaculture promotes self-sufficient farming systems.
La permacultura promueve sistemas agrícolas autosuficientes.
C1 adjective /pərˈtɜːrbd/

perturbed

perturbado
Meaning
feeling anxious, unsettled, or disturbed
Example
He looked perturbed after hearing the bad news.
Se veía perturbado después de escuchar las malas noticias.
C1 verb /præns/

prance

caminar con arrogancia
Meaning
To move with high, springy steps, often to show off or attract attention.
Example
The horse pranced around the field gracefully.
El caballo caminaba orgulloso alrededor del campo.
C1 noun /ˈpɜːrpɪtreɪtər/

perpetrator

delincuente
Meaning
a person who commits a harmful, illegal, or immoral act
Example
The police arrested the perpetrator of the crime.
La policía arrestó al delincuente del crimen.
C1 adjective /ˈperɪɡrɪn/

Peregrine

errante; migratorio; viajero
Meaning
wandering; traveling; migratory
Example
The peregrine falcon is known for its incredible speed.
El halcón peregrino es conocido por su increíble velocidad.
C1 noun /pərˈkʌʃən/

percussion

percusión
Meaning
Musical instruments that are played by striking, shaking, or scraping, such as drums or cymbals.
Example
The percussion section added rhythm and energy to the orchestra.
La sección de percusión añadió ritmo y energía a la orquesta.
C1 adjective /proʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/

prosaic

prosaico
Meaning
ordinary, dull, or lacking imagination
Example
The teacher’s explanation was accurate but rather prosaic.
La explicación del profesor fue precisa, pero bastante prosaica.
C1 adjective /ˈpleɪntɪv/

plaintive

triste, lamentoso
Meaning
expressing sadness or sorrow
Example
He raised a plaintive cry for help.
Él levantó un grito lamentoso pidiendo ayuda.
C1 noun /ˌpæn.əˈræm.ə/

panorama

vista panorámica
Meaning
An unbroken view of the whole region surrounding an observer.
Example
From the hilltop, we enjoyed a breathtaking panorama of the city.
Desde la cima de la colina, disfrutamos de un impresionante panorama de la ciudad.
C1 noun /ˈprɛsɪdəns/ or /prɪˈsiːdəns/

precedence

precedencia
Meaning
the condition of being considered more important than someone or something else; priority
Example
Safety takes precedence over speed in this factory.
En esta fábrica, la seguridad tiene prioridad sobre la velocidad.
C1 noun /pʌnˈdʒɑː.bi/

Punjabi

punyabi
Meaning
a traditional long shirt worn in South Asia, typically loose-fitting
Example
He wore a white punjabi for the festival celebration.
Él usó un punyabi blanco para la celebración del festival.
C1 noun /ˈpoʊl.stɑːr/

Polestar

estrella polar
Meaning
a bright star that appears to stay in the same position in the sky and is used for navigation
Example
Sailors used the polestar to navigate across the ocean.
Los marineros usaron la estrella polar para navegar por el océano.
C1 adjective /ˌpɜːrpənˈdɪkjələr/

perpendicular

perpendicular
Meaning
At an angle of 90 degrees to a given line, plane, or surface.
Example
The ladder was placed perpendicular to the ground for safety.
La escalera fue colocada perpendicular al suelo por seguridad.
C1 verb /ˈprɒfər/

proffer

ofrecer, presentar
Meaning
to offer something for acceptance; to present
Example
She proffered her hand as a sign of friendship.
Ella ofreció su mano como señal de amistad.
C1 noun,verb /pleɪt/

plait

trenza
Meaning
a braid of hair or straw; to braid
Example
She decided to plait her hair before the party.
Ella decidió trenzarse el cabello antes de la fiesta.
C1 verb /ˈpændər/

pander

adular, halagar
Meaning
to indulge or exploit the weaknesses, desires, or immoral tendencies of others
Example
The politician was accused of pandering to voters' fears.
El político fue acusado de complacer los temores de los votantes.
C1 verb /pərˈplɛks/

perplex

desconcertar / confundir
Meaning
To confuse or puzzle someone.
Example
The complex instructions perplexed the students.
Las instrucciones complejas desconcertaron a los estudiantes.
C1 adjective /ˈpæl.ɪd/

Pallid

pálido, especialmente por mala salud; falta de sustancia o vitalidad
Meaning
pale, especially because of poor health; lacking substance or vitality
Example
His pallid complexion showed signs of illness.
Su rostro pálido mostraba signos de enfermedad.
C1 noun /ˈpleɪˌraɪt/

playwright

dramaturgo
Meaning
a person who writes plays
Example
Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright of all time.
Shakespeare es considerado el mejor dramaturgo de todos los tiempos.
C1 noun /ˈpæl.ə.tə.bəl miːt/

Palatable meat

carne sabrosa
Meaning
Meat that is pleasant to taste; appetizing meat dish
Example
The chef prepared palatable meat dishes for the dinner party.
El chef preparó platos de carne sabrosos para la fiesta de cena.
C1 verb /pərˈtɜːrb/

perturb

perturbar
Meaning
To disturb or unsettle greatly in mind.
Example
The sudden noise perturbed the students during the exam.
El ruido repentino perturbó a los estudiantes durante el examen.
C1 adjective /ˈpɛnsɪv/

pensive

pensativo/a
Meaning
Engaged in deep or serious thought.
Example
She looked pensive as she stared out of the window.
Ella parecía pensativa mientras miraba por la ventana.
C1 noun prɪˌsɪp.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən

precipitation

precipitación
Meaning
Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to or condenses on the ground.
Example
Annual precipitation levels are decreasing.
Los niveles anuales de precipitación están disminuyendo.
C1 adjective /priːˈɛmɪnənt/

preeminent

preeminente
Meaning
Surpassing all others; very distinguished in some way.
Example
She is a preeminent scientist in the field of genetics.
Ella es una científica preeminente en el campo de la genética.
C1 adjective /ˈpɒp.jʊ.ləs/

Populous

populoso
Meaning
having a large population; densely populated; crowded with people
Example
China is the most populous country in the world.
China es el país más poblado del mundo.
C1 adjective /ˈpɛndənt/

pendent

colgante
Meaning
hanging down or suspended
Example
The pendent branches touched the ground.
Las ramas colgantes tocaron el suelo.
C1 noun /plæsˈtɪsəti/

plasticity

plasticidad, capacidad de adaptarse
Meaning
the quality of being easily shaped or molded; adaptability
Example
The brain's plasticity allows it to adapt after injury.
La plasticidad del cerebro le permite adaptarse después de una lesión.
C1 adjective /priˈɛmptɪv/

preemptive

preventivo
Meaning
Serving or intended to prevent something by taking action first.
Example
The government took preemptive measures to control inflation.
El gobierno tomó medidas preventivas para controlar la inflación.
C1 noun /pəˈræl.ə.sɪs/

Paralysis

parálisis
Meaning
the loss of the ability to move part or all of the body; complete inability to act or function
Example
The accident left him with paralysis in his legs.
El accidente lo dejó con parálisis en las piernas.