predominance
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C1 noun /prɪˈdɒmɪnəns/

predominance

preponderancia
Meaning
The state of being greater in number, strength, or importance.
Example
The predominance of online shopping has changed retail forever.
La preponderancia de las compras en línea ha cambiado el comercio minorista para siempre.
B2 verb /prɪˈsiːdɪd/

preceded

precedió
Meaning
came before something in time, order, or position
Example
Dark clouds preceded the heavy rainfall.
Las nubes oscuras precedieron la fuerte lluvia.
C1 noun /ˌpɜːrsɪˈkjuːʃn/

persecution

persecución
Meaning
the act of treating someone cruelly or unfairly because of their religion, race, or beliefs
Example
The persecution of minorities has been condemned worldwide.
La persecución de las minorías ha sido condenada mundialmente.
C1 verb /paʊt/

pout

hacer pucheros
Meaning
to push one's lips forward as an expression of annoyance or sulkiness
Example
The child began to pout when he didn’t get the toy.
El niño empezó a hacer pucheros cuando no consiguió el juguete.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛndjʊləs/

pendulous

felicidad
Meaning
hanging down loosely; drooping
Example
The pendulous fruit weighed down the branch.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B2 verb /pæt/

pat

felicidad
Meaning
to touch someone or something gently, often to show affection or approval
Example
She gently patted the dog on its head.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 verb /ˈpleɪdʒəraɪz/

plagiarize

plagiar
Meaning
to take someone else's work or ideas and present them as your own
Example
He was warned not to plagiarize his friend's essay.
Se le advirtió que no plagiara el ensayo de su amigo.
B2 adjective /prɪˈventɪv/

Preventive

preventivo; diseñado para evitar algo que ocurra
Meaning
designed to prevent something from happening; protective against disease
Example
Regular exercise is a preventive measure against heart disease.
El ejercicio regular es una medida preventiva contra las enfermedades del corazón.
C1 adjective /ˈpleɪntɪv/

plaintive

triste, lamentoso
Meaning
expressing sadness or sorrow
Example
He raised a plaintive cry for help.
Él levantó un grito lamentoso pidiendo ayuda.
C1 adjective /ˈper.ɪ.ləs/

perilous

peligroso, arriesgado, inseguro
Meaning
Full of danger or risk; hazardous and threatening.
Example
The explorers took a perilous journey.
Los exploradores hicieron un viaje peligroso.
C1 adjective /ˈpɑːndərəs/

ponderous

pesado y lento
Meaning
slow and clumsy because of great weight; dull and labored
Example
The ponderous lecture made it hard for students to stay awake.
La conferencia pesada y lenta hizo que fuera difícil para los estudiantes mantenerse despiertos.
A1 noun /peɪdʒ/

page

página
Meaning
one side of a sheet of paper, or a single sheet of paper in a book or document
Example
Turn to the next page for more information.
Vaya a la siguiente página para más información.
A2 noun /pæθ/

path

camino
Meaning
a way or track laid down for walking or made by continual treading
Example
She walked along the narrow path through the forest.
Ella caminó por el estrecho camino a través del bosque.
C2 adjective /ˈplændʒənt/

plangent

sonido triste o resonante
Meaning
having a loud, mournful sound; resonant
Example
The plangent toll of the church bell echoed through the village.
El tañido triste de la campana de la iglesia resonó por el pueblo.
C2 noun /ˈpɒl.iˌθi.ɪz.əm/

polytheism

politeísmo
Meaning
the belief in or worship of multiple gods
Example
Ancient Greeks practiced polytheism, worshiping gods like Zeus and Athena.
Los antiguos griegos practicaban el politeísmo, adorando a dioses como Zeus y Atenea.
B2 adjective /prəˈpoʊzd/

proposed

propuesto
Meaning
suggested or put forward for consideration or discussion
Example
The proposed changes will improve the system.
Los cambios propuestos mejorarán el sistema.
C1 adjective prəˈtræk.tɪd

protracted

prolongado, largo, extenso
Meaning
Lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.
Example
The negotiations were protracted over months.
Las negociaciones duraron meses.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛstɪlənt/

pestilent

pestilente
Meaning
Causing or tending to cause death or destruction; harmful or pernicious.
Example
The pestilent atmosphere of the swamp made people sick.
La atmósfera pestilente del pantano hizo que la gente se enfermara.
C1 noun /ˌpɜː.mɪˈæbɪlɪti/

permeability

permeabilidad, la calidad o estado de ser permeable, permitiendo que los líquidos o gases pasen a través
Meaning
The quality or state of being permeable; allowing liquids or gases to pass through.
Example
The permeability of the soil affects water retention.
La permeabilidad del suelo afecta la retención de agua.
B2 adjective /ˈpɛti/

petty

insignificante
Meaning
Of little importance or trivial; also describes a person overly concerned with small or unimportant matters.
Example
She often gets upset over the most petty things.
A menudo se molesta por las cosas más insignificantes.
C2 verb /poʊˈtɛnʃiˌeɪt/

potentiate

potenciar
Meaning
To increase the power, effect, or likelihood of something.
Example
Caffeine can potentiate the effects of some medicines.
La cafeína puede potenciar los efectos de algunos medicamentos.
C1 verb pleɪɡd

plagued

afligido
Meaning
Troubled or afflicted persistently by problems or difficulties.
Example
People are plagued by anxiety and depression.
Las personas están afligidas por la ansiedad y la depresión.
B2 adjective /prəˈnaʊnst/

pronounced

pronunciado
Meaning
very noticeable or strongly marked
Example
There is a pronounced difference between the two styles.
Hay una diferencia pronunciada entre los dos estilos.
B2 adjective + noun ˈpraɪməri əbˈdʒektɪv

primary objective

objetivo principal
Meaning
The main goal or chief aim of an activity, project, or endeavor.
Example
The primary objective of the event was to promote recycling.
El objetivo principal del evento fue promover el reciclaje.
C1 verb /ˈpeɪtrənaɪz/

patronize

patrocinar
Meaning
to treat someone in a condescending way; to be a regular customer of a business
Example
Don't patronize me with your fake sympathy.
No me trates con condescendencia con tu simpatía falsa.
C1 noun /pɔl/

Pall

paño que se coloca sobre un ataúd; una capa oscura que crea una atmósfera sombría
Meaning
a cloth spread over a coffin; a dark covering that creates a gloomy atmosphere
Example
A pall of smoke hung over the burning building.
Una capa de humo colgaba sobre el edificio en llamas.
B1 noun /pɜːrs/

purse

bolso
Meaning
a small bag used by women to carry money and personal items
Example
She kept her wallet in her purse.
Ella guardó su billetera en su bolso.
C2 noun /ˌpriːɪɡˈzɪstəns/

preexistence

preexistencia
Meaning
the state of existing before something else
Example
Philosophers often debated the preexistence of the soul.
Los filósofos a menudo debatían sobre la preexistencia del alma.
B2 noun /ˈpeə.rən.tɪŋ/

parenting

paternidad
Meaning
The care and training a child receives while growing up, involving the development of their mental, physical, and social aspects.
Example
Effective parenting helps children develop confidence and independence.
La crianza efectiva ayuda a los niños a desarrollar confianza e independencia.
B2 adverb /ˈpraɪ.vət.li/

Privately

en privado; de manera confidencial
Meaning
in a private manner; without others present; confidentially
Example
She spoke to him privately about the matter.
Ella habló con él en privado sobre el asunto.
C1 verb /ˈpɪlfər/

pilfer

robar
Meaning
to steal things of small value or in small quantities
Example
The employee was caught pilfering office supplies.
El empleado fue atrapado robando suministros de oficina.
B2 noun /ˈprɛmɪs/

premise

premisa / edificio
Meaning
a statement or idea on which reasoning or an argument is based; also a building or property
Example
His argument was based on a false premise.
Su argumento se basaba en una premisa falsa.
B2 verb /pərˈsiːvd/

perceived

felicidad
Meaning
to become aware of something through the senses or the mind; to understand or interpret
Example
She perceived a hint of sadness in his voice.
No pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun /fɪˈlæn.θrə.pi/

philanthropy

filantropía
Meaning
the desire to promote the welfare of others, often expressed by the generous donation of money to good causes
Example
Philanthropy has helped improve healthcare in many developing countries.
La filantropía ha ayudado a mejorar la atención médica en muchos países en desarrollo.
B1 noun /freɪz/

phrase

frase
Meaning
a small group of words standing together as a conceptual unit
Example
He gave a memorable phrase at the conference.
Él dio una frase memorable en la conferencia.
A2 adverb /ˈprɒb.ə.bli/

Probably

probablemente
Meaning
almost certainly; very likely; in all likelihood
Example
He will probably arrive late tonight.
él probablemente llegará tarde esta noche.
C2 adjective /ˌpɛstɪˈlɛnʃəl/

pestilential

pestilente
Meaning
Relating to or causing pestilence; very harmful, troublesome, or dangerous.
Example
The pestilential smell of the garbage filled the street.
El pestilente olor de la basura llenó la calle.
B1 adverb /ˈpɑrtli/

Partly

parcialmente; en parte;
Meaning
to some extent; not completely; in part
Example
The weather was partly cloudy today.
El clima estaba parcialmente nublado hoy.
A2 noun /ˈpɒkɪt/

pocket

bolsillo
Meaning
a small, enclosed space in clothing for carrying items
Example
He put his phone in his pocket.
Él puso su teléfono en su bolsillo.
C1 noun /ˈpaɪ.ə.ti/

Piety

piedad
Meaning
the quality of being religious or reverent; devout religious belief and practice
Example
His piety was evident in his daily prayers.
Su piedad era evidente en sus oraciones diarias.
C1 adjective /ˈpæl.ə.tə.bəl/

palatable

agradable
Meaning
pleasant or acceptable to the taste, mind, or feelings
Example
The meal was simple but quite palatable.
La comida era sencilla pero bastante agradable.
C1 adjective /ˈpɔːltri/

paltry

insignificante, trivial
Meaning
small or meager; lacking in value or importance
Example
They offered him a paltry sum for his work.
Le ofrecieron una suma insignificante por su trabajo.
C1 noun prɪˈzɝː.və.tɪv

preservative

conservante
Meaning
A chemical substance that prevents decay, fermentation, or other natural processes that cause food deterioration.
Example
Artificial preservatives are harmful to health.
Los conservantes artificiales son perjudiciales para la salud.
B1 verb /pɔːz/

Pause

pausar
Meaning
to stop temporarily; to take a break in activity or speech
Example
Please pause the video while I take notes.
Por favor, pausa el video mientras tomo notas.
B2 noun pərˈsɛpʃən

perception

percepción, entendimiento
Meaning
The ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses
Example
Our perception of the situation was shaped by our prior experiences.
Nuestra percepción de la situación fue moldeada por nuestras experiencias previas.
B2 verb /pliːd/

plead

suplicar
Meaning
to make an emotional appeal; to present a case in court
Example
She pleaded for mercy.
Ella suplicó por misericordia.
B2 adjective /fəˈnɒmɪnəl/

phenomenal

fenomenal
Meaning
extraordinary, remarkable, or exceptional in a way that is very impressive
Example
The team achieved phenomenal success in the tournament.
El equipo logró un éxito fenomenal en el torneo.
B2 noun /ˈproʊtəˌtaɪp/

prototype

prototipo
Meaning
The first model or version of something, used as a sample for testing or improvement.
Example
The company built a prototype of the new smartphone before mass production.
La compañía construyó un prototipo del nuevo teléfono inteligente antes de la producción en masa.
C2 noun /ˈpæntəˌskoʊp/

pantoscope

instrumento óptico que proporciona una vista panorámica
Meaning
An optical instrument that provides a wide or panoramic view.
Example
The scientist used a pantoscope to observe the entire horizon.
El científico usó un pantoscopio para observar todo el horizonte.
B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪnənt/

prominent

prominente
Meaning
Important, famous, or easily noticeable.
Example
He is a prominent leader in the community.
Él es un líder prominente en la comunidad.
C1 verb /pɜːrdʒ/

purge

purificar
Meaning
To remove unwanted feelings, people, or things; to cleanse or purify.
Example
The new leader promised to purge corruption from the government.
El nuevo líder prometió purgar la corrupción del gobierno.
C1 adjective /pəˈrɪfərəl/

peripheral

periférico
Meaning
Relating to or situated on the edge or outer parts of something.
Example
The town is located on the peripheral area of the city.
La ciudad está situada en el área periférica de la ciudad.
C1 noun /ˈprɒvɪdəns/

providence

providencia divina
Meaning
the protective care of God or nature as a spiritual power; foresight or prudence
Example
They believed their survival was due to divine providence.
Creían que su supervivencia se debía a la providencia divina.
C1 noun /ˌprəʊ.baɪˈɒt.ɪks/

probiotics

probióticos
Meaning
Live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits to the host, especially for digestive health.
Example
Probiotics improve digestion and enhance gut health.
Los probióticos mejoran la digestión y promueven la salud intestinal.
C2 adjective /ˌprɛsɪˈdɛnʃəl/

precedential

precedente
Meaning
Relating to, or serving as, a precedent; having authority as an example.
Example
The court’s decision has precedential value.
La decisión del tribunal tiene un valor precedencial.
A1 noun /piːˈɛm/

pm

p.m.
Meaning
abbreviation for post meridiem; after midday
Example
The meeting is scheduled at 3 pm.
La reunión está programada para las 3 p.m.
A2 adjective /ˈpriː.vi.əs/

Previous

anterior
Meaning
occurring before in time or order; earlier; former
Example
I reviewed the previous chapter before starting the new one.
Revisé el capítulo anterior antes de comenzar el nuevo.
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrtnəs/

pertness

descaro
Meaning
boldness or forwardness in speech or behavior; sauciness
Example
Her pertness during the meeting surprised everyone.
Su descaro durante la reunión sorprendió a todos.
B1 noun /ˈplʌm.ər/

plumber

fontanero
Meaning
a person who installs or repairs water pipes
Example
The plumber fixed the leaking pipe in the kitchen.
El fontanero arregló la tubería con fugas en la cocina.
A1 adjective /ˈpɒs.ə.bəl/

Possible

posible
Meaning
able to be done or achieved; likely to happen; feasible
Example
It is possible to learn a new language at any age.
Es posible aprender un nuevo idioma a cualquier edad.
A1 noun /ˈprɒb.ləm/

Problem

problema
Meaning
a situation that causes difficulties and needs to be dealt with or solved
Example
We need to solve this problem quickly.
Necesitamos resolver este problema rápidamente.
C2 adjective /ˌpɜːrtɪˈneɪʃəs/

pertinacious

tenaz
Meaning
holding firmly to an opinion, purpose, or course of action; stubbornly persistent
Example
The pertinacious lawyer refused to give up the case.
El abogado tenaz se negó a abandonar el caso.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛkənt/

peccant

culpable
Meaning
Guilty of a moral offense or wrongdoing; sinful.
Example
The judge declared the peccant official unfit for office.
El juez declaró al oficial culpable no apto para el cargo.
A1 noun /ˈpɪk.tʃər/

Picture

imagen
Meaning
a visual representation such as a painting, drawing, or photograph
Example
There is a beautiful picture hanging on the wall.
Hay una hermosa imagen colgada en la pared.
A2 noun ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃən

population

población
Meaning
All the inhabitants of a particular place; the number of people living in a country or region.
Example
The population supported autonomy.
La población apoyó la autonomía.
C2 verb /fɪˈlændər/

philander

filandear
Meaning
to engage in casual or frivolous romantic or sexual relationships
Example
He was known to philander with many women in town.
Era conocido por filandear con muchas mujeres en la ciudad.
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrpətreɪt/

perpetrate

cometer
Meaning
To commit or carry out, typically a harmful, illegal, or immoral act.
Example
The hackers perpetrated a massive cyber attack on the company.
Los hackers perpetraron un gran ataque cibernético a la empresa.
C1 verb /prɪˈzaɪd/

preside

presidir
Meaning
to be in charge of a meeting, event, or organization
Example
She will preside over the meeting tomorrow.
Ella presidirá la reunión mañana.
C1 noun /ˈpɛs.tɪ.saɪd ˈrɛz.ɪ.djuː/

pesticide-residue

residuos de pesticidas
Meaning
Chemical remnants left over from pesticides used on crops or in soil.
Example
Excess pesticide-residue in food can be harmful to health.
El exceso de residuos de pesticidas en los alimentos puede ser perjudicial para la salud.
C1 noun ˈfeɪz.aʊt

phase-out

eliminación gradual
Meaning
A gradual reduction and eventual elimination of something.
Example
A phase-out of fossil fuels was agreed upon.
Se acordó la eliminación gradual de los combustibles fósiles.
B1 noun /paɪl/

pile

montón
Meaning
a large amount of something stacked or placed in a heap
Example
He placed the books in a pile on the table.
Colocó los libros en un montón sobre la mesa.
A2 verb /pruːv/

prove

demostrar
Meaning
to show that something is true; to demonstrate
Example
The evidence will prove his innocence.
La evidencia demostrará su inocencia.
C2 noun /prəˈtuːbərəns/

protuberance

protuberancia
Meaning
A rounded swelling or lump on a surface.
Example
The doctor examined the small protuberance on his arm.
El doctor examinó la pequeña protuberancia en su brazo.
C1 verb /ˈpæs.ɪ.faɪ/

pacify

apaciguar
Meaning
To quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of someone.
Example
The mother tried to pacify her crying child.
La madre trató de apaciguar a su hijo que lloraba.
B2 verb /pərˈsɪst/

persist

persistir
Meaning
to continue firmly in an action or opinion despite difficulty or opposition
Example
She decided to persist in her efforts to learn French.
Ella decidió persistir en sus esfuerzos para aprender francés.
C2 noun /prɪˈpɒndərəns/

preponderance

preponderancia
Meaning
The quality or fact of being greater in number, quantity, or importance.
Example
There was a preponderance of evidence against the defendant.
Había una preponderancia de evidencia contra el acusado.
B2 noun /ˈpiː.lər/

Peeler

pelador
Meaning
a kitchen tool used to remove the outer skin or peel from fruits and vegetables
Example
Use a peeler to remove the potato skin.
Usa un pelador para quitar la piel de la papa.
C2 noun /ˈprɒsədi/

prosody

prosodia
Meaning
The patterns of rhythm and sound used in poetry and speech.
Example
The professor explained how prosody affects the mood of a poem.
El profesor explicó cómo la prosodia afecta el estado de ánimo de un poema.
C2 verb /ˈpælieɪt/

palliate

aliviar
Meaning
to make a disease, symptoms, or problem less severe without removing the cause
Example
The doctor prescribed medicine to palliate the patient's pain.
El doctor recetó medicina para aliviar el dolor del paciente.
B1 adjective /pleɪn/

plain

sencillo
Meaning
simple or clear, without decoration or complexity
Example
She wore a plain white dress to the ceremony.
Ella llevaba un vestido blanco sencillo a la ceremonia.
B2 noun /prəˈvɪʒ.ən/

Provision

provisión
Meaning
supplies of food and other necessary things; arrangement or preparation
Example
The government made provision for emergency supplies during the flood.
El gobierno hizo provisión para los suministros de emergencia durante la inundación.
C2 verb /prɪmp/

primp

felicidad
Meaning
To spend time making minor adjustments to one's appearance.
Example
She primped in front of the mirror before the party.
Ella no pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C2 adjective /ˈpaɪbɔːld/

piebald

de dos colores manchados
Meaning
having irregular patches of two colors, especially black and white
Example
The farmer owns a piebald horse with black and white spots.
El granjero tiene un caballo piebald con manchas negras y blancas.
B2 noun, verb /ˈplɑːstər/

plaster

yeso, reparar
Meaning
a soft mixture applied to walls or used to cover wounds; or to cover or coat with plaster
Example
The workers plastered the walls to make them smooth.
Los trabajadores empastaron las paredes para hacerlas lisas.
C1 noun, verb /ˌprɒməˈneɪd/

promenade

paseo
Meaning
A leisurely walk or stroll, especially in a public place for pleasure or display.
Example
They went for a promenade along the seaside.
Fueron a un paseo por la costa.
C2 adjective /ˌpriːtərˈnætʃərəl/

preternatural

sobrenatural
Meaning
Beyond what is normal or natural; extraordinary or supernatural.
Example
She had a preternatural ability to remain calm in any crisis.
Ella tenía una habilidad preternatural para mantenerse tranquila en cualquier crisis.
C1 adjective /pɒˈstɪəriər/

posterior

posterior
Meaning
Situated at or toward the back; later in time.
Example
The posterior part of the brain controls vision.
La parte posterior del cerebro controla la visión.
A2 noun /ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf/

photograph

fotografía
Meaning
a picture made using a camera
Example
She took a photograph of the sunset.
Ella tomó una fotografía del atardecer.
B2 adjective /pəˈzes.ɪv/

Possessive

felicidad
Meaning
showing a desire to own or control something; unwilling to share; jealously protective
Example
He is very possessive about his car.
No pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun /pʌnˈdʒɑː.bi/

Punjabi

punyabi
Meaning
a traditional long shirt worn in South Asia, typically loose-fitting
Example
He wore a white punjabi for the festival celebration.
Él usó un punyabi blanco para la celebración del festival.
C1 verb /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊz/

predispose

predisponer
Meaning
To make someone more likely to behave in a certain way or be affected by something.
Example
His genetics may predispose him to diabetes.
Sus genes pueden predisponerlo a la diabetes.
C1 noun /ˈpriːsɪŋkt/

precinct

distrito
Meaning
A district or area within the boundaries of a city, often for police or electoral purposes.
Example
She went to vote at her local precinct.
Ella fue a votar en su distrito local.
C2 noun ˈfaɪ.təʊˌnjuː.tri.ənts

phytonutrients

fitonutrientes
Meaning
Bioactive compounds found in plants that have health benefits beyond basic nutrition.
Example
Green tea contains powerful phytonutrients.
El té verde contiene poderosos fitonutrientes.
C1 adjective /pərˈtɜːrbd/

perturbed

perturbado
Meaning
feeling anxious, unsettled, or disturbed
Example
He looked perturbed after hearing the bad news.
Se veía perturbado después de escuchar las malas noticias.
A2 noun/verb /puːl/

pool

piscina
Meaning
a small body of still water, or a game played in a rectangular table with balls
Example
The children swam in the pool all afternoon.
los niños nadaron en la piscina toda la tarde.
C1 noun /ˈpruːdəns/

prudence

prudencia
Meaning
The quality of being cautious, wise, and exercising good judgment.
Example
She invested her money with great prudence.
Ella invirtió su dinero con gran prudencia.
B2 noun /ˈpes.ə.mɪst/

Pessimist

pesimista
Meaning
a person who tends to see the worst aspect of things or believes that the worst will happen; someone who lacks hope or confidence in the future
Example
Being a pessimist, he always expected the worst outcome.
Siendo un pesimista, siempre esperaba el peor resultado.
B2 noun /prækˈtɪʃ.ən.ər/

practitioner

profesional
Meaning
a person actively engaged in a profession, especially medicine or law
Example
She is a skilled medical practitioner.
Ella es una profesional médica capacitada.
C2 noun /ˈpɛdəˌɡɒɡ/

pedagogue

maestro
Meaning
a teacher, especially a strict or formal one
Example
The old pedagogue insisted on discipline in the classroom.
El viejo maestro insistió en la disciplina en el aula.
B2 noun /prəˈsiːdɪŋ/

proceeding

proceso
Meaning
a course of action; often used for a legal process or event
Example
The court proceedings lasted for several hours.
Los procedimientos judiciales duraron varias horas.
C1 adjective /ˈpiːvɪʃ/

peevish

irritable
Meaning
Easily irritated, especially by unimportant things.
Example
The child grew peevish when denied candy.
El niño se volvió irritable cuando le negaron los dulces.
B2 noun /pərˈsɪstəns/

persistence

persistencia
Meaning
the quality of continuing steadily despite problems or difficulties
Example
His persistence finally paid off when he got the job.
Su persistencia finalmente dio sus frutos cuando consiguió el trabajo.
C1 adjective /ˈprevələnt/

Prevalent

prevalente
Meaning
widespread; existing very commonly; generally occurring
Example
Smoking is still prevalent among teenagers despite health warnings.
Fumar sigue siendo muy común entre los adolescentes a pesar de las advertencias de salud.
C1 verb /ˈpærəlaɪz/

paralyze

paralizar
Meaning
to cause someone or something to lose the ability to move or function normally
Example
The sudden shock seemed to paralyze him.
El choque repentino parecía paralizarlo.
B1 noun /prəʊ/

pro

profesional
Meaning
a professional, especially in sports; or a person who is in favor of something
Example
He plays tennis like a pro.
Él juega al tenis como un profesional.
B2 noun /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/

physicist

físico
Meaning
a scientist who studies or specializes in physics
Example
The physicist explained the theory of relativity to the students.
El físico explicó la teoría de la relatividad a los estudiantes.
B1 noun /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

pronunciation

pronunciación
Meaning
the way a word or language is spoken; the act or result of pronouncing words
Example
Her pronunciation of French words has improved significantly.
Su pronunciación de palabras francesas ha mejorado mucho.
B2 noun /ˈpɔːrɪdʒ/

porridge

gachas
Meaning
A soft food made by boiling oats or other grains in milk or water.
Example
She had a bowl of porridge for breakfast.
Ella comió un tazón de gachas para el desayuno.
B2 noun /ˈpaɪ.rə.si/

Piracy

piratería
Meaning
the practice of attacking and robbing ships at sea; the unauthorized use or reproduction of copyrighted material
Example
Software piracy costs companies billions of dollars annually.
La piratería de software cuesta a las empresas miles de millones de dólares cada año.
C1 adjective /ˈplaɪənt/

pliant

flexible, fácilmente influenciable o adaptable
Meaning
flexible; easily influenced or adaptable
Example
She has a pliant personality that adapts well to new situations.
Ella tiene una personalidad flexible que se adapta bien a nuevas situaciones.
C1 noun prɪˈzɜː.və.tɪvz

preservatives

conservantes
Meaning
A substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood, or other materials against decay.
Example
Many processed foods contain harmful preservatives.
Muchos alimentos procesados contienen conservantes dañinos.
C2 noun /ˈpɪkəloʊ/

piccolo

flauta pequeña
Meaning
a small flute, higher in pitch than the regular flute
Example
She played a lively tune on the piccolo during the concert.
Ella tocó una melodía animada en el piccolo durante el concierto.
C2 noun /fɪˈlæt.əl.i/

philately

filatelia
Meaning
the collection and study of postage stamps
Example
Philately is a hobby enjoyed by people of all ages.
La filatelia es un pasatiempo que disfrutan personas de todas las edades.
A2 noun /ˈpɛni/

penny

penique
Meaning
a small coin of low value; a very small amount of money
Example
He found a penny on the sidewalk and smiled.
Encontró un penique en la acera y sonrió.
B1 noun /ˈprɪn.tər/

Printer

impresor
Meaning
a person whose job is printing books, newspapers, or other materials; a machine that prints documents
Example
The printer delivered the wedding invitations on time.
El impresor entregó las invitaciones de boda a tiempo.
C2 noun /ˈfɪl.ɪ.staɪn/

philistine

persona indiferente o hostil hacia la cultura y las artes
Meaning
a person who is indifferent or hostile to culture and the arts
Example
He was criticized as a philistine for dismissing modern art.
Fue criticado como un filisteo por rechazar el arte moderno.
C1 noun /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛrəpi/

psychotherapy

psicoterapia
Meaning
The treatment of mental disorder by psychological rather than medical means.
Example
She attended weekly psychotherapy sessions to cope with her anxiety.
Ella asistió a sesiones semanales de psicoterapia para lidiar con su ansiedad.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛneɪt/

pennate

como una pluma
Meaning
Having parts or structures arranged like a feather; feather-shaped.
Example
The fern has a pennate leaf structure.
La estructura de la hoja del helecho es como una pluma.
C1 adjective /pəˈnɪnsjələr/

peninsular

peninsular
Meaning
Relating to or resembling a peninsula.
Example
The peninsular region is surrounded by water on three sides.
La región peninsular está rodeada de agua por tres lados.
C1 noun /pərˈveɪər/

purveyor

proveedor
Meaning
a person or business that supplies goods, services, or information
Example
He is a well-known purveyor of fine wines.
Es un conocido proveedor de vinos finos.
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈmer.ɪ.kən/

Pan-American

Panamericano
Meaning
relating to all the countries of North, Central, and South America
Example
The Pan-American Games bring together athletes from across the continent.
Los Juegos Panamericanos reúnen a atletas de todo el continente.