ponderous
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C1 adjective /ˈpɑːndərəs/

ponderous

pesado y lento
Meaning
slow and clumsy because of great weight; dull and labored
Example
The ponderous lecture made it hard for students to stay awake.
La conferencia pesada y lenta hizo que fuera difícil para los estudiantes mantenerse despiertos.
C1 noun /fɪˈlæn.θrə.pɪst/

philanthropist

filántropo
Meaning
a person who seeks to promote the welfare of others, especially by donating money to good causes
Example
The philanthropist donated millions to build schools in rural areas.
El filántropo donó millones para construir escuelas en áreas rurales.
C1 noun /ˈpɛrəntɪdʒ/

parentage

linaje
Meaning
The identity and origins of one's parents; descent or lineage.
Example
Her noble parentage gave her access to the royal court.
Su noble linaje le dio acceso a la corte real.
C1 noun /ˌpæn.əˈræm.ə/

panorama

vista panorámica
Meaning
An unbroken view of the whole region surrounding an observer.
Example
From the hilltop, we enjoyed a breathtaking panorama of the city.
Desde la cima de la colina, disfrutamos de un impresionante panorama de la ciudad.
C1 verb /ˈpɑːzɪt/

posit

postular
Meaning
To assume or suggest something as a fact or basis for reasoning.
Example
The scientist posited a new theory to explain the phenomenon.
El científico postuló una nueva teoría para explicar el fenómeno.
C1 noun ˌpraɪɔːrɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən

prioritization

priorización
Meaning
The action or process of deciding the relative importance or urgency of things.
Example
Effective prioritization ensures resources are used efficiently.
Una priorización efectiva asegura que los recursos se utilicen de manera eficiente.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

physiological

relacionado con las funciones y actividades corporales
Meaning
Relating to bodily functions and activities.
Example
Exercise improves physiological functions of the body.
El ejercicio mejora las funciones fisiológicas del cuerpo.
C1 adjective /ˌpriːˈmɛdɪˌteɪtɪd/

premeditated

premeditado
Meaning
planned in advance; done deliberately
Example
The crime was clearly premeditated.
El crimen estaba claramente premeditado.
C1 noun /fɪˈlæn.θrə.pi/

philanthropy

filantropía
Meaning
the desire to promote the welfare of others, often expressed by the generous donation of money to good causes
Example
Philanthropy has helped improve healthcare in many developing countries.
La filantropía ha ayudado a mejorar la atención médica en muchos países en desarrollo.
C1 adjective /priˈɛmptɪv/

preemptive

preventivo
Meaning
Serving or intended to prevent something by taking action first.
Example
The government took preemptive measures to control inflation.
El gobierno tomó medidas preventivas para controlar la inflación.
C1 noun /ˈper.ɪ.wɪŋ.kəl/

Periwinkle

periwinkle
Meaning
a small trailing plant with violet-blue or white flowers
Example
Purple periwinkles covered the garden ground beautifully.
Las periwinkles moradas cubrían hermosamente el suelo del jardín.
C1 noun /ˈprɒk.tər/

proctor

examinador
Meaning
a person who supervises students during an examination
Example
The proctor reminded students to keep their phones switched off.
El proctor recordó a los estudiantes mantener sus teléfonos apagados.
C1 noun /pərˈkʌʃən/

percussion

percusión
Meaning
Musical instruments that are played by striking, shaking, or scraping, such as drums or cymbals.
Example
The percussion section added rhythm and energy to the orchestra.
La sección de percusión añadió ritmo y energía a la orquesta.
C1 verb /prɒd/

prod

empujar
Meaning
to poke or push someone or something with a finger, foot, or pointed object
Example
She prodded him in the arm to get his attention.
Ella le dio un empujón en el brazo para llamar su atención.
C1 adjective /ˌpæθəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

pathological

patológico, enfermizo
Meaning
Relating to disease; extreme or obsessive in a way that is abnormal.
Example
He has a pathological fear of failure.
Él tiene un miedo patológico al fracaso.
C1 adjective /ˈpærəmaʊnt/

paramount

de suma importancia
Meaning
more important than anything else; supreme
Example
Safety is of paramount importance in this factory.
La seguridad es de suma importancia en esta fábrica.
C1 verb /per/

pare

pelar
Meaning
to cut away the outer covering or reduce something gradually
Example
She pared the apple before eating it.
Ella peló la manzana antes de comerla.
C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrsənəbl/

personable

agradable
Meaning
having a pleasant appearance and manner; attractive and friendly
Example
The new teacher is very personable and easy to talk to.
El nuevo maestro es muy agradable y fácil de hablar.
C1 noun ˈprɒdʒ.ə.ni

progeny

descendencia, prole, herederos
Meaning
A descendant or the descendants of a person, animal, or plant; offspring.
Example
The philosopher's teachings have influenced many generations of progeny.
Las enseñanzas del filósofo han influenciado a muchas generaciones de progenie.
C1 verb /ˌpriːdɪˈtɜːrmɪn/

predetermine

predeterminar
Meaning
to establish or decide something in advance
Example
The outcome of the match seemed predetermined.
El resultado del partido parecía predeterminado.
C1 noun /ˈpoʊl.stɑːr/

Polestar

estrella polar
Meaning
a bright star that appears to stay in the same position in the sky and is used for navigation
Example
Sailors used the polestar to navigate across the ocean.
Los marineros usaron la estrella polar para navegar por el océano.
C1 noun /ˈpriː.tekst/

Pretext

pretexto
Meaning
a reason given in justification of a course of action that is not the real reason
Example
He used illness as a pretext to avoid the meeting.
Usó la enfermedad como pretexto para evitar la reunión.
C1 adjective /pərˈvɜːrs/

perverse

perverso
Meaning
showing a deliberate desire to behave in a way that is unreasonable, contrary, or unacceptable
Example
He took a perverse pleasure in upsetting his colleagues.
Él tomó un placer perverso al molestar a sus compañeros.
C1 verb /priːˈɛmpt/

preempt

prevenir
Meaning
To take action in order to prevent something from happening; to take the place of something.
Example
The government acted quickly to preempt a financial crisis.
El gobierno actuó rápidamente para prevenir una crisis financiera.
C1 adjective /pləˈtɒnɪk/

platonic

platónico
Meaning
relating to a close relationship that is not romantic or sexual
Example
They have a platonic friendship that has lasted for years.
Tienen una amistad platónica que ha durado años.
C1 noun /ˈprɒv.ɜːb/

Proverb

felicidad
Meaning
a short saying that expresses a general truth or gives advice
Example
The proverb 'Early to bed, early to rise' teaches us about good habits.
No pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun /ˈprɒfəsi/

prophecy

profecía
Meaning
a prediction or message about the future, often believed to be divinely inspired
Example
The prophecy foretold the rise of a great leader.
La profecía predijo el ascenso de un gran líder.
C1 adjective /ˈpɑːr.dən.ə.bəl/

Pardonable

perdonable
Meaning
able to be forgiven; excusable
Example
His mistake was pardonable given the difficult circumstances.
Su error era perdonable dadas las difíciles circunstancias.
C1 noun /ˌprəʊ.baɪˈɒt.ɪks/

probiotics

probióticos
Meaning
Live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits to the host, especially for digestive health.
Example
Probiotics improve digestion and enhance gut health.
Los probióticos mejoran la digestión y promueven la salud intestinal.
C1 noun /prəˈpraɪəti/

propriety

decoro
Meaning
Conformity to accepted standards of behavior or morality.
Example
He always behaved with the utmost propriety in public.
Siempre se comportaba con el máximo decoro en público.
C1 noun prəˈtɛk.ʃə.nɪ.zəm

protectionism

proteccionismo
Meaning
The theory or practice of shielding a country's domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports.
Example
The government's protectionism helped local businesses grow.
El proteccionismo del gobierno ayudó a las empresas locales a crecer.
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈræm.ɪk/

panoramic

vista panorámica
Meaning
Giving a wide view of an extensive area in all directions.
Example
The hotel offers panoramic views of the ocean.
El hotel ofrece vistas panorámicas del océano.
C1 adjective /pəˈnʌltɪmət/

penultimate

penúltimo
Meaning
second to the last in a sequence or series
Example
She finished the penultimate chapter before going to sleep.
Ella terminó el penúltimo capítulo antes de irse a dormir.
C1 adjective /pərˈpɔːrtɪd/

purported

presunto
Meaning
alleged or claimed to be true, often without proof
Example
The purported evidence was later proven false.
La evidencia presunta fue más tarde probada como falsa.
C1 noun /ˈpɑːrtʃmənt/

parchment

pergamino
Meaning
a thin material made from animal skin, used in the past for writing
Example
The ancient manuscript was written on parchment.
El antiguo manuscrito fue escrito en pergamino.
C1 noun /prəˈpɛlənt/

propellant

propelente
Meaning
A substance that drives or pushes something forward, especially fuel in rockets or engines.
Example
The rocket uses a liquid propellant to launch into space.
El cohete utiliza un propelente líquido para lanzarse al espacio.
C1 adjective /ˈpiːs.ə.bəl/

Peaceable

pacífico; inclinado a evitar conflictos
Meaning
peaceful; inclined to avoid conflict
Example
The peaceable protest ended without any violence.
La protesta pacífica terminó sin violencia.
C1 noun prəˈfaʊnd ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

profound initiative

iniciativa profunda
Meaning
A deep, meaningful, and significant action or program designed to create change.
Example
A profound initiative can create sustainable changes.
Una iniciativa profunda puede crear cambios sostenibles.
C1 noun /ˌpriːməˈnɪʃən/ or /ˌprɛm-/

premonition

premonición
Meaning
a strong feeling that something is about to happen, often something negative
Example
She had a premonition of danger before the trip.
Ella tuvo una premonición de peligro antes del viaje.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.hɑːrˈmɒn.ɪk/

philharmonic

relacionado con una orquesta sinfónica
Meaning
relating to a symphony orchestra or its music
Example
The philharmonic orchestra performed a stunning rendition of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony.
La orquesta filarmónica realizó una impresionante interpretación de la Novena Sinfonía de Beethoven.
C1 noun /ˈpɒp.i siːdz/

Poppy Seeds

semillas de amapola
Meaning
tiny round seeds from the poppy plant used as a spice or garnish in cooking
Example
Poppy seeds are sprinkled on top of breads and used in Bengali curries.
Las semillas de amapola se espolvorean sobre el pan y se usan en curris bengalíes.
C1 adjective /pəˈleɪ.ʃəl/

palatial

palaciego
Meaning
resembling a palace in being spacious and splendid
Example
They stayed in a palatial hotel during their vacation.
Se alojaron en un hotel palaciego durante sus vacaciones.
C1 adjective /ˈplaɪəbəl/

pliable

flexible
Meaning
easily bent or flexible; adaptable
Example
The metal is pliable enough to be shaped into jewelry.
El metal es lo suficientemente flexible como para ser moldeado en joyas.
C1 noun /ˈpɪɡmənt/

pigment

pigmento
Meaning
a natural or artificial substance used to give color to something
Example
The artist mixed different pigments to create the perfect shade of blue.
El artista mezcló diferentes pigmentos para crear el tono perfecto de azul.
C1 adjective /praɪˈmɔːrdiəl/

primordial

primordial
Meaning
Existing at or from the beginning of time; fundamental and original.
Example
Scientists study the primordial soup from which life emerged.
Los científicos estudian la sopa primordial de la que surgió la vida.
C1 noun pɔɪz

poise

confianza y compostura
Meaning
Natural confidence and composure maintained under pressure.
Example
A good speaker maintains poise under pressure.
Un buen orador mantiene la compostura bajo presión.
C1 verb /pərˈplɛks/

perplex

desconcertar / confundir
Meaning
To confuse or puzzle someone.
Example
The complex instructions perplexed the students.
Las instrucciones complejas desconcertaron a los estudiantes.
C1 verb /pləˈkeɪt/

placate

calmar
Meaning
to make someone less angry or hostile; to calm or soothe
Example
He tried to placate the angry customer with a refund.
Intentó calmar al cliente enojado con un reembolso.
C1 noun /ˈsuːdənɪm/

pseudonym

seudónimo
Meaning
a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name
Example
Mark Twain was the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.
Mark Twain era el seudónimo de Samuel Clemens.
C1 noun /ˈpoʊʃən/

potion

poción
Meaning
a liquid with healing, magical, or poisonous properties
Example
The witch gave the hero a healing potion.
La bruja le dio al héroe una poción curativa.
C1 noun prɪˈdɪk.ə.mənt

predicament

aprieto
Meaning
A difficult, unpleasant, or embarrassing situation.
Example
Losing both jobs put him in a financial predicament.
Perder ambos trabajos lo puso en un aprieto financiero.
C1 verb /priːˈɛmpt/

pre-empt

prevenir por adelantado
Meaning
to act in advance to prevent an anticipated event from happening; forestall
Example
The government moved to pre-empt a crisis by introducing new policies.
El gobierno se movió para prevenir una crisis introduciendo nuevas políticas.
C1 noun /ˈpæntəmaɪm/

pantomime

pantomima
Meaning
A type of theatrical performance using gestures and movements without spoken words; in Britain, a musical comedy play for families performed at Christmas.
Example
The children enjoyed the Christmas pantomime at the local theater.
Los niños disfrutaron de la pantomima navideña en el teatro local.
C1 noun ˈfeɪz.aʊt

phase-out

eliminación gradual
Meaning
A gradual reduction and eventual elimination of something.
Example
A phase-out of fossil fuels was agreed upon.
Se acordó la eliminación gradual de los combustibles fósiles.
C1 adjective /ˈprevələnt/

Prevalent

prevalente
Meaning
widespread; existing very commonly; generally occurring
Example
Smoking is still prevalent among teenagers despite health warnings.
Fumar sigue siendo muy común entre los adolescentes a pesar de las advertencias de salud.
C1 verb /prəˈkjʊər/

procure

conseguir
Meaning
to obtain something, especially with effort or difficulty
Example
They managed to procure enough supplies for the expedition.
Ellos lograron conseguir suficientes suministros para la expedición.
C1 adjective/verb /ˈprɒstreɪt/

prostrate

postrado
Meaning
lying stretched out on the ground with one's face downward, often as a sign of submission or exhaustion
Example
He lay prostrate on the ground after the long battle.
Él se tiró postrado en el suelo después de la larga batalla.
C1 noun /ˈplæn.teɪn ˈflaʊ.ər/

Plantain flower

flor de plátano
Meaning
The flower bud of a banana plant, used as a vegetable in cooking
Example
We cooked plantain flower curry for dinner.
Cocinamos curry de flor de plátano para la cena.
C1 noun prɪˌsɪp.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən

precipitation

precipitación
Meaning
Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to or condenses on the ground.
Example
Annual precipitation levels are decreasing.
Los niveles anuales de precipitación están disminuyendo.
C1 noun /ˈpiː.hən/

Peahen

pava real hembra
Meaning
female peacock
Example
The peahen is less colorful than the male peacock.
La pava real hembra es menos colorida que el pavo real macho.
C1 adjective /ˈpeɪtrənaɪzɪŋ/

patronizing

condescendiente
Meaning
showing kindness that is perceived as condescending or superior
Example
His patronizing tone offended the audience.
Su tono condescendiente ofendió al público.
C1 adjective /prəˈvɒkətɪv/

provocative

provocativo
Meaning
Intended to make people angry, excited, or interested.
Example
She wore a provocative dress to the party.
Ella llevaba un vestido provocativo a la fiesta.
C1 verb /ˈplʌm.ɪt/

plummet

caer verticalmente a alta velocidad
Meaning
to fall straight down at high speed
Example
Stock prices plummeted after the sudden market crash.
Los precios de las acciones cayeron repentinamente después del colapso del mercado.
C1 noun /ˌpærəˈnɔɪə/

paranoia

miedo irracional y persistente de que las personas están 'tratando de hacerle daño' o lo están observando constantemente
Meaning
an irrational and persistent feeling that people are 'out to get you' or are constantly watching you
Example
His constant paranoia made it hard for him to trust anyone.
Su paranoia constante hacía que fuera difícil confiar en cualquiera.
C1 adjective /ˈpræk.tɪ.kə.bəl/

practicable

practicable
Meaning
able to be done or put into practice successfully
Example
The plan is not practicable without more resources.
El plan no es práctico sin más recursos.
C1 noun /ˈpʌndɪt/

pundit

experto
Meaning
An expert in a particular subject or field who is frequently called upon to give opinions to the public.
Example
Political pundits debated the election results on television.
Los pundits políticos debatieron sobre los resultados de las elecciones en la televisión.
C1 noun /pluːm/

plume

una gran pluma suave o algo que se asemeje a una pluma
Meaning
a large, soft feather or something resembling a feather
Example
The soldier wore a red plume on his helmet.
El soldado llevaba una pluma roja en su casco.
C1 noun /poʊˈɛt.ɪks/

poetics

poética, teoría de la poesía
Meaning
the study or theory of poetry and its principles
Example
He wrote a book on poetics explaining the art of verse.
Escribió un libro sobre poética explicando el arte del verso.
C1 verb /piːv/

peeve

fastidiar
Meaning
To annoy or irritate someone.
Example
His constant interruptions really peeve me.
Sus constantes interrupciones realmente me fastidian.
C1 noun ˈpɛd.ə.ɡɒ.dʒi

pedagogy

pedagogía
Meaning
The method and practice of teaching, especially as an academic subject or theoretical concept.
Example
Modern pedagogy focuses on student-centered learning.
La pedagogía moderna se centra en el aprendizaje centrado en el estudiante.
C1 noun /ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθɛtɪk ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

photosynthetic efficiency

eficiencia fotosintética
Meaning
The measure of how effectively plants convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis, directly affecting plant growth and crop yield.
Example
Improving photosynthetic efficiency can increase crop yields.
Mejorar la eficiencia fotosintética puede aumentar los rendimientos de los cultivos.
C1 noun /prɪˈzʌmp.ʃən/

Presumption

presunción; suposición;
Meaning
an idea that is taken to be true without proof
Example
There is a presumption of innocence in the legal system.
Hay una presunción de inocencia en el sistema legal.
C1 noun /ˈpɔːpər/

pauper

mendigo
Meaning
A very poor person.
Example
The pauper begged for food on the street corner.
El mendigo pidió comida en la esquina de la calle.
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrsɪkjuːt/

persecute

felicidad
Meaning
to treat someone cruelly or unfairly, especially because of their religion, race, or beliefs
Example
Many people were persecuted for their faith during that time.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 adjective /ˈpraɪ.məl/

primal

primitivo, esencial
Meaning
Relating to the earliest stage of development; essential or fundamental.
Example
Fear is one of the most primal emotions humans experience.
El miedo es una de las emociones más primarias que los humanos experimentan.
C1 adjective /ˈpiːvɪʃ/

peevish

irritable
Meaning
Easily irritated, especially by unimportant things.
Example
The child grew peevish when denied candy.
El niño se volvió irritable cuando le negaron los dulces.
C1 noun /ˈpraɪməsi/

primacy

primacía
Meaning
the state of being first in importance or authority
Example
The primacy of education cannot be denied.
La primacía de la educación no puede ser negada.
C1 noun /ˌpɜːrspəˈreɪʃn/

perspiration

transpiración
Meaning
The process of sweating.
Example
Heavy exercise causes perspiration.
El ejercicio pesado causa transpiración.
C1 noun /ˈpɔːrsəlɪn/

porcelain

porcelana
Meaning
A white, hard ceramic material often used for dishes and ornaments.
Example
The museum displayed ancient porcelain vases from China.
El museo exhibió antiguos jarrones de porcelana de China.
C1 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡɒn/

polygon

polígono
Meaning
a flat shape with three or more straight sides
Example
The artist drew a colorful polygon on the canvas.
El artista dibujó un polígon colorido en el lienzo.
C1 noun /ˈpærəˌlɛlɪzəm/

parallelism

paralelismo
Meaning
The state of being parallel or similar; in literature, the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same or similar in construction.
Example
The writer used parallelism to give rhythm to his prose.
El escritor usó el paralelismo para dar ritmo a su prosa.
C1 noun /ˈpɛndənt/

pendant

colgante
Meaning
a piece of jewelry that hangs from a chain worn around the neck
Example
She wore a silver pendant around her neck.
Ella llevaba un colgante de plata alrededor del cuello.
C1 noun /ˌpærəfəˈneɪliə/

paraphernalia

parafernalia
Meaning
Miscellaneous articles, especially equipment needed for a particular activity.
Example
The fisherman carried all his fishing paraphernalia in a large box.
El pescador llevó toda su parafernalia de pesca en una caja grande.
C1 noun /saɪˈkoʊsɪs/

psychosis

psicosis
Meaning
A severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are impaired, leading to a loss of contact with reality.
Example
The patient was diagnosed with psychosis after experiencing hallucinations.
El paciente fue diagnosticado con psicosis después de experimentar alucinaciones.
C1 noun /ˈpruːdəns/

prudence

prudencia
Meaning
The quality of being cautious, wise, and exercising good judgment.
Example
She invested her money with great prudence.
Ella invirtió su dinero con gran prudencia.
C1 noun ˌprɒf.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

profitability

rentabilidad
Meaning
The degree to which a business or activity yields profit or financial gain.
Example
Increasing sales and reducing costs boosted profitability.
El aumento de las ventas y la reducción de costos aumentaron la rentabilidad.
C1 adjective /ˈpɪər.ləs/

Peerless

incomparable; sin igual; sin rival
Meaning
unequaled; having no match or equal; without rival
Example
Her peerless beauty captivated everyone.
Su belleza incomparable cautivó a todos.
C1 adjective /pəˈroʊkiəl/

parochial

parroquial
Meaning
Having a limited or narrow outlook; relating to a parish.
Example
His parochial view prevented him from understanding global issues.
Su visión parroquial le impidió entender los problemas globales.
C1 adjective /ˈpriːmə/

prima

principal, excelente
Meaning
first or most important; excellent
Example
She was treated as the prima ballerina of the troupe.
Ella fue tratada como la prima bailarina del grupo.
C1 verb /ˈpæri/

parry

desviar un ataque
Meaning
to ward off or deflect an attack, especially in fencing or conversation
Example
He managed to parry the opponent’s sword with quick reflexes.
Él logró desviar la espada del oponente con reflejos rápidos.
C1 noun /ˈpæd.ək/

paddock

campo cerrado para caballos u otros animales
Meaning
a small enclosed field where horses or other animals are kept
Example
The horses were grazing in the paddock.
Los caballos estaban pastando en el paddock.
C1 noun /ˈprɛsɪdəns/ or /prɪˈsiːdəns/

precedence

precedencia
Meaning
the condition of being considered more important than someone or something else; priority
Example
Safety takes precedence over speed in this factory.
En esta fábrica, la seguridad tiene prioridad sobre la velocidad.
C1 noun /ˈpoʊtənsi/

potency

potencia
Meaning
The power or ability of something to affect or influence; strength or effectiveness.
Example
The potency of the new medicine amazed the doctors.
La potencia de la nueva medicina sorprendió a los médicos.
C1 adjective /prəˈvoʊkɪŋ/

Provoking

provocador
Meaning
causing anger or strong reaction; irritating; stimulating
Example
His provoking comments made everyone angry.
Sus comentarios provocadores hicieron que todos se enojaran.
C1 adjective /ˈperɪʃəbəl/

Perishable

perecedero
Meaning
liable to decay quickly; short-lived
Example
Store perishable foods in the refrigerator.
Guarde los alimentos perecederos en el refrigerador.
C1 verb /ˈpæs.ɪ.faɪ/

pacify

apaciguar
Meaning
To quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of someone.
Example
The mother tried to pacify her crying child.
La madre trató de apaciguar a su hijo que lloraba.
C1 noun /ˌpɑːrʃiˈæləti/

partiality

parcialidad
Meaning
an unfair preference or bias toward one side or person
Example
The judge was criticized for showing partiality in the case.
El juez fue criticado por mostrar parcialidad en el caso.
C1 verb ˈplʌmɪtɪŋ

plummeting

caída repentina
Meaning
Falling or dropping suddenly and steeply; decreasing rapidly
Example
The fertility rate in Bangladesh is plummeting.
La tasa de fertilidad en Bangladesh está cayendo rápidamente.
C1 noun /ˈpræɡmətɪst/

pragmatist

pragmático
Meaning
A person who deals with things in a practical and realistic way.
Example
He is a true pragmatist who values results over ideals.
Él es un verdadero pragmático que valora los resultados más que los ideales.
C1 adjective /ˈpɔɪ.njənt/

poignant

conmovedor, profundo
Meaning
evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret; deeply touching
Example
The movie's ending was so poignant that many in the audience were moved to tears.
El final de la película fue tan conmovedor que muchos en la audiencia se conmovieron hasta las lágrimas.
C1 adjective /ˈpʊʃi/

pushy

insistente
Meaning
excessively assertive or aggressive, often annoyingly so
Example
The salesperson was too pushy, which drove customers away.
El vendedor era demasiado insistente, lo que alejó a los clientes.
C1 adjective /ˈpæl.ɪd/

Pallid

pálido, especialmente por mala salud; falta de sustancia o vitalidad
Meaning
pale, especially because of poor health; lacking substance or vitality
Example
His pallid complexion showed signs of illness.
Su rostro pálido mostraba signos de enfermedad.
C1 noun prəˈpɛn.sə.ti

propensity

propensidad o tendencia natural
Meaning
An inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.
Example
He has a propensity for taking risks in business.
Él tiene una propensidad por asumir riesgos en los negocios.
C1 noun /pəˈtɜːrnəti/

paternity

paternidad
Meaning
The state of being someone's father.
Example
He demanded a paternity test to confirm his relationship with the child.
Él pidió una prueba de paternidad para confirmar su relación con el niño.
C1 noun /pʌn/

pun

juego de palabras
Meaning
A humorous use of words that suggests different meanings or words that sound alike.
Example
He made a clever pun about the bakery's bread rising.
Hizo un juego de palabras ingenioso sobre el pan que sube en la panadería.
C1 noun /ˈplɛθərə/

plethora

una abundancia excesiva
Meaning
an excessive amount of something
Example
She has a plethora of books on her shelf.
Ella tiene una abundancia excesiva de libros en su estante.
C1 noun /ˌpɒl.iˈtek.nɪk/

polytechnic

politécnico
Meaning
an educational institution offering practical and technical courses
Example
She studied engineering at a well-known polytechnic in her city.
Estudió ingeniería en un politécnico bien conocido en su ciudad.
C1 noun /ˈpɪl.fər.ɪdʒ/

Pilferage

hurto
Meaning
the theft of small amounts or items, especially from one's workplace
Example
The company installed cameras to prevent pilferage.
La empresa instaló cámaras para prevenir el hurto.
C1 adjective /pəˈrɪʒən/

parisian

relacionado con París
Meaning
relating to Paris or its people
Example
She wore a Parisian style dress at the party.
Ella llevaba un vestido de estilo parisiano en la fiesta.
C1 adverb /ˈpiːs.miːl/

Piecemeal

fragmentado; en pedazos
Meaning
done or made gradually, one piece at a time; fragmentary; unsystematic
Example
The renovation was done piecemeal over several years due to budget constraints.
La renovación se hizo poco a poco durante varios años debido a las restricciones presupuestarias.
C1 noun /ˈpɪt.əns/

pittance

miseria
Meaning
a very small or inadequate amount of money
Example
She worked long hours for a mere pittance.
Ella trabajó muchas horas por una miseria.
C1 adjective /ˈpɔːrəs/

porous

poroso
Meaning
Having tiny holes that allow liquid or air to pass through.
Example
The soil is very porous and drains quickly.
El suelo es muy poroso y drena rápidamente.
C1 noun /ˈpraɪ.meɪt/

primate

primate, animal de la familia de los monos
Meaning
A member of the group of animals including humans, apes, and monkeys.
Example
Humans are classified as primates.
Los humanos están clasificados como primates.
C1 noun /ˈpæn.θi.ən/

pantheon

todos los dioses, templo dedicado a todos los dioses
Meaning
All the gods of a religion collectively; a building dedicated to all gods.
Example
The Roman Pantheon is one of the best-preserved ancient temples.
El Panteón romano es uno de los templos antiguos mejor conservados.
C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.nɪ.tɪv/

punitive

punitivo
Meaning
Inflicting or intended as punishment.
Example
The company faced punitive measures for violating the law.
La empresa enfrentó medidas punitivas por violar la ley.
C1 adjective /proʊˈzeɪ.ɪk/

prosaic

prosaico
Meaning
ordinary, dull, or lacking imagination
Example
The teacher’s explanation was accurate but rather prosaic.
La explicación del profesor fue precisa, pero bastante prosaica.
C1 noun ˌpriː.dɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən

predisposition

predisposición
Meaning
A natural tendency or inclination toward a particular behavior or condition.
Example
Genetic factors can influence a person's predisposition to diseases.
Los factores genéticos pueden influir en la predisposición de una persona a las enfermedades.
C1 adjective /pərˈpetʃuəl/

perpetual

perpetuo
Meaning
never-ending or continuous
Example
She lived in perpetual fear of being discovered.
Vivía con un miedo perpetuo de ser descubierta.
C1 verb /pɑːrs/

parse

analizar gramaticalmente
Meaning
to analyze a sentence or text grammatically or logically
Example
The software can parse large amounts of text data efficiently.
El software puede analizar grandes cantidades de datos de texto de manera eficiente.
C1 noun /ˈpriːˌkɜrsər/

precursor

precursor
Meaning
Something or someone that comes before another and indicates the approach of something else.
Example
The steam engine was a precursor to modern trains.
El motor a vapor fue un precursor de los trenes modernos.
C1 noun /ˈpɑːrlər/

parlor

salón, tienda
Meaning
A sitting room in a private house, or a shop providing specified services.
Example
They welcomed the guests into the front parlor.
Recibieron a los invitados en el salón principal.