perforce
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C2 adverb /pəˈfɔːs/

perforce

inevitable
Meaning
by necessity; inevitably
Example
He had to perforce accept the decision.
Tuvo que aceptar la decisión inevitablemente.
C2 noun /ˌprɛsiˈɒsɪti/

preciosity

exceso de refinamiento
Meaning
Excessive refinement or affected elegance in language, style, or behavior.
Example
The author's preciosity made the novel difficult to read for some audiences.
La preciosidad del autor hizo que la novela fuera difícil de leer para algunos lectores.
C2 noun /ˌpraɪmoʊˈdʒɛnɪtʃər/

primogeniture

primogenitura
Meaning
The right of the firstborn child to inherit the family estate or title.
Example
Under primogeniture, the eldest son inherited the entire estate.
Bajo la primogenitura, el hijo mayor heredó toda la propiedad.
C2 noun /ˈpɛstɪləns/

pestilence

peste
Meaning
A deadly or virulent epidemic disease that spreads rapidly.
Example
The medieval city was devastated by a pestilence.
La ciudad medieval fue devastada por una peste.
C2 noun /ˈpɛnjʊri/

penury

pobreza extrema
Meaning
extreme poverty or destitution
Example
He grew up in penury but became successful later in life.
Él creció en la penuria, pero se hizo exitoso más tarde en la vida.
C2 verb /pərˈveɪ/

purvey

suministrar
Meaning
to supply or provide goods, services, or information, often as a business
Example
The company purveys organic food to health-conscious customers.
La empresa suministra alimentos orgánicos a los clientes conscientes de la salud.
C2 adjective /flɛgˈmæt.ɪk/

phlegmatic

flemático
Meaning
having an unemotional and stolidly calm disposition
Example
Despite the chaos, he remained phlegmatic and composed.
A pesar del caos, se mantuvo flemático y compuesto.
C2 verb /ˈpælieɪt/

palliate

aliviar
Meaning
to make a disease, symptoms, or problem less severe without removing the cause
Example
The doctor prescribed medicine to palliate the patient's pain.
El doctor recetó medicina para aliviar el dolor del paciente.
C2 noun /pəˈnʌmbrə/

penumbra

sombra parcial
Meaning
a partially shaded area around the shadow of an object, especially during an eclipse
Example
The moon’s penumbra created a dim shadow over the Earth.
La penumbra de la luna creó una sombra tenue sobre la Tierra.
C2 noun /ˈplɔːdɪt/

plaudit

elogio
Meaning
an expression of praise or approval
Example
The actor received plaudit for his outstanding performance.
El actor recibió elogios por su destacada actuación.
C2 noun /prəˈlɪksɪti/

prolixity

prolijidad
Meaning
the quality of being tediously wordy and long
Example
The book’s prolixity made it difficult to read in one sitting.
La prolijidad del libro hizo que fuera difícil leerlo en una sola sesión.
C2 verb /prɒɡˈnɒstɪkeɪt/

prognosticate

pronosticar
Meaning
To foretell or predict future events, especially based on current signs.
Example
Experts attempted to prognosticate the outcome of the election.
Los expertos intentaron pronosticar el resultado de las elecciones.
C2 noun /ˈfærɪsiː/

pharisee

persona hipócrita
Meaning
A member of an ancient Jewish sect; by extension, a self-righteous or hypocritical person.
Example
He acted like a pharisee, judging others while ignoring his own faults.
Él actuó como un fariseo, juzgando a los demás mientras ignoraba sus propios errores.
C2 noun /ˈfeɪlæŋks/

phalanx

falange
Meaning
A group of people or things arranged in a compact, close formation; also an ancient Greek military formation.
Example
A phalanx of reporters waited outside the courthouse.
Un grupo de reporteros esperaba afuera del tribunal.
C2 adjective /pjuːˈtrɛsənt/

putrescent

en descomposición
Meaning
undergoing the process of decay; rotting
Example
The putrescent odor made everyone leave the room.
El olor en descomposición hizo que todos abandonaran la habitación.
C2 noun /priˈɛmpʃən/

preemption

derecho de preferencia
Meaning
The act of taking action before someone else; the right to purchase or act before others.
Example
The company exercised preemption to acquire the land before competitors.
La empresa ejerció el derecho de preferencia para adquirir la tierra antes que los competidores.
C2 noun /ˈpɛdəˌɡɒɡ/

pedagogue

maestro
Meaning
a teacher, especially a strict or formal one
Example
The old pedagogue insisted on discipline in the classroom.
El viejo maestro insistió en la disciplina en el aula.
C2 adjective /ˈpɜːˌblaɪnd/

purblind

ciego o ignorante
Meaning
Having impaired or defective vision; lacking insight or understanding.
Example
The purblind approach to the problem led to many mistakes.
El enfoque purblindo del problema condujo a muchos errores.
C2 noun ˈpær.ə.ɡən

paragon

parámetro
Meaning
A person or thing regarded as a perfect example of a particular quality; a model of excellence.
Example
Neom is a paragon of sustainable urban design.
Neom es un parámetro del diseño urbano sostenible.
C2 adjective /ˌpriːpəˈzɛsɪŋ/

prepossessing

atractivo
Meaning
Attractive or appealing in appearance or manner.
Example
She had a prepossessing smile that charmed everyone.
Ella tenía una sonrisa atractiva que cautivó a todos.
C2 noun /ˌpɪəriəˈdɪsɪti/

periodicity

periodicidad
Meaning
The quality or state of being regular or recurring at intervals.
Example
The periodicity of the moon’s phases has fascinated humans for centuries.
La periodicidad de las fases de la luna ha fascinado a los humanos durante siglos.
C2 noun /prəˈfjuːʒən/

profusion

profusión
Meaning
an abundance or large quantity of something
Example
Spring brought a profusion of wildflowers to the valley.
La primavera trajo una profusión de flores silvestres al valle.
C2 noun /ˈpætrɪˌmoʊni/

patrimony

patrimonio
Meaning
Property or inheritance passed down from one's father or ancestors.
Example
The castle was part of his patrimony from his noble ancestors.
El castillo era parte de su patrimonio de sus nobles antepasados.
C2 adjective /ˌpɛnɪˈtɛnʃəl/

penitential

penitente
Meaning
Relating to or expressing penitence or penance.
Example
The priest delivered a penitential sermon on forgiveness.
El sacerdote dio un sermón penitente sobre el perdón.
C2 adjective /pəˈlɛmɪkəl/

polemical

polémico
Meaning
relating to or involving strongly critical or controversial writing or speech
Example
She wrote a polemical article challenging traditional beliefs.
Escribió un artículo polémico desafiando las creencias tradicionales.
C2 noun /prɪˈzɛntmənt/

presentment

presentación formal
Meaning
The act of presenting something formally or officially; a formal statement or document.
Example
The lawyer made a presentment of the evidence to the court.
El abogado hizo una presentación de las pruebas ante el tribunal.
C2 noun /ˈfɪl.ə.dʒɪ.nɪst/

philogynist

persona que ama o admira a las mujeres
Meaning
a person who loves or admires women
Example
As a known philogynist, he advocated for women's education.
Como un conocido filoginista, él defendió la educación de las mujeres.
C2 verb /pəˈræmbjʊˌleɪt/

perambulate

pasear
Meaning
To walk through or travel around, especially for leisure.
Example
They perambulated the old town, enjoying the sights.
Ellos paseaban por la ciudad antigua, disfrutando de las vistas.
C2 noun /ˈpɑːrsɪmoʊni/

parsimony

tacañeria
Meaning
extreme unwillingness to spend money or use resources
Example
His parsimony was evident in the way he avoided any unnecessary expenses.
Su tacañeria era evidente en la manera en que evitaba cualquier gasto innecesario.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛkəbl/

peccable

pecable
Meaning
liable to sin or error; capable of doing wrong
Example
Humans are peccable, but they strive for goodness.
Los humanos son pecables, pero luchan por la bondad.
C2 noun /pəˈræm.bjə.leɪ.tər/

Perambulator

cochecito de bebé
Meaning
a four-wheeled carriage for a baby; baby stroller or pram
Example
She pushed the perambulator through the park while the baby slept peacefully.
Ella empujaba el perambulator por el parque mientras el bebé dormía tranquilamente.
C2 noun /ˌproʊɪˈbɪʃənɪst/

prohibitionist

prohibicionista
Meaning
A person who supports or advocates prohibition, especially of alcohol.
Example
The prohibitionist campaigned against the sale of liquor in the town.
El prohibicionista hizo campaña contra la venta de licor en la ciudad.
C2 noun /ˈpraɪəri/

priory

priorato
Meaning
a small monastery or convent governed by a prior or prioress
Example
The old priory was converted into a museum.
El antiguo priorato fue convertido en un museo.
C2 noun /pæˈstiːʃ/

pastiche

pastiche
Meaning
a work of art, literature, or music that imitates the style of another artist, period, or genre
Example
The film was a clever pastiche of 1950s detective movies.
La película era un astuto pastiche de las películas de detectives de los años 50.
C2 adjective /ˈprɑːflɪɡət/

profligate

despilfarrador
Meaning
recklessly extravagant or wasteful in resources
Example
The king was known for his profligate lifestyle.
El rey era conocido por su estilo de vida despilfarrador.
C2 adjective /pərˈsuːənt/

pursuant

de acuerdo con
Meaning
in accordance with or following something, especially a law or rule
Example
The decision was made pursuant to the regulations.
La decisión se tomó de acuerdo con los reglamentos.
C2 verb /prəˈroʊɡ/

prorogue

suspender una sesión
Meaning
to discontinue a session of a parliament or assembly without dissolving it
Example
The president decided to prorogue parliament until the crisis was resolved.
El presidente decidió suspender el parlamento hasta que la crisis fuera resuelta.
C2 adjective ˌpɜː.spɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs

perspicacious

perspicaz
Meaning
Having keen insight and understanding; showing acute mental discernment.
Example
The detective's perspicacious nature helped solve the mystery.
La naturaleza perspicaz del detective ayudó a resolver el misterio.
C2 noun /ˈplɔːdɪts/

plaudits

elogios
Meaning
expressions of praise or approval
Example
The scientist received plaudits from the international community.
El científico recibió elogios de la comunidad internacional.
C2 noun /ˈpær.əkˌsɪz.əm/

paroxysm

arrebato súbito
Meaning
A sudden, violent outburst of emotion or activity.
Example
She was seized by a paroxysm of laughter.
Ella fue tomada por un arrebato de risa.
C2 noun /ˈpɛrɪstaɪl/

peristyle

porche rodeado de columnas
Meaning
A continuous porch formed by a row of columns surrounding the perimeter of a building or courtyard.
Example
The Roman villa featured a beautiful peristyle garden.
La villa romana tenía un hermoso jardín peristilo.
C2 adjective /prɪˈmɒnɪtəri/ or /ˌpriːməˈnɪtəri/

premonitory

premonitorio
Meaning
giving a warning or prediction about something, especially something unpleasant
Example
He ignored the premonitory signs of illness.
Él ignoró los signos premonitorios de enfermedad.
C2 adjective /prəˈtuːbərənt/

protuberant

protuberante
Meaning
Sticking out or bulging.
Example
His protuberant belly showed after the meal.
Su barriga protuberante se mostró después de la comida.
C2 adjective /pɪˈdʒɒrətɪv/

pejorative

despectivo
Meaning
Expressing contempt or disapproval.
Example
He used pejorative terms to insult his opponents.
Usó términos despectivos para insultar a sus oponentes.
C2 noun /pɪks/

pyx

pequeño recipiente para guardar la hostia consagrada
Meaning
a small container, often used in Christian liturgy to carry the consecrated host
Example
The priest placed the consecrated host into the pyx before visiting the sick.
El sacerdote colocó la hostia consagrada en el pyx antes de visitar a los enfermos.
C2 noun /prɪˈsɛntɪmənt/

presentiment

presentimiento
Meaning
An intuitive feeling about the future, especially of something bad about to happen.
Example
He had a strong presentiment that the plan would fail.
Tenía un fuerte presentimiento de que el plan fracasaría.
C2 noun /pəˈtruːn/

poltroon

cobarde
Meaning
a cowardly person
Example
He acted like a poltroon during the crisis.
Actuó como un cobarde durante la crisis.
C2 noun /ˈprɒvəndər/

provender

alimento para el ganado
Meaning
food or provisions, especially for livestock
Example
The barn was filled with provender for the cattle.
El granero estaba lleno de alimento para el ganado.
C2 noun /ˈpjuː.pɪ.lɪdʒ/

pupilage

estado de pupilo
Meaning
The state of being a pupil or under instruction.
Example
During his pupilage, he studied law under a senior barrister.
Durante su pupilaje, estudió derecho bajo un barrister senior.
C2 adjective /ˈprəʊ.lɪks/

prolix

excesivamente largo
Meaning
using too many words; tediously lengthy
Example
The professor’s prolix lecture put many students to sleep.
La conferencia prolija del profesor hizo que muchos estudiantes se quedaran dormidos.
C2 adjective /ˈpɑːrləs/

parlous

peligroso
Meaning
Full of danger or risk; precarious.
Example
The company is in a parlous financial state.
La compañía está en un estado financiero precario.
C2 noun /ˈpɑːdreɪ/

padre

padre
Meaning
A title for a priest, especially in the Roman Catholic Church; also used informally for 'father'.
Example
The soldiers attended mass led by the padre.
Los soldados asistieron a la misa presidida por el padre.
C2 noun /ˈpoʊ.ɪˌtæs.tər/

poetaster

un poeta inferior o trivial
Meaning
an inferior or trivial poet
Example
He was mocked as a poetaster by the literary critics.
Fue ridiculizado como un poetáster por los críticos literarios.
C2 noun /ˈpɒtˌbɔɪlə/

potboiler

literatura barata
Meaning
a book, play, or film produced quickly to make money rather than for artistic value
Example
The novel was dismissed by critics as a mere potboiler.
La novela fue rechazada por los críticos como una simple literatura barata.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛnɪtrəbl/

penetrable

penetrable
Meaning
Capable of being passed through or entered.
Example
The thin wall was easily penetrable.
La delgada pared era fácilmente penetrable.
C2 adjective /ˌpɛrənˈθɛtɪkəl/

parenthetical

comentario entre paréntesis
Meaning
Relating to or expressed in parentheses; a side remark or digression.
Example
He added a parenthetical comment during the lecture.
Añadió un comentario entre paréntesis durante la conferencia.
C2 adjective /ˈpæsɪbəl/

passible

capaz de sentir; susceptible de sufrimiento
Meaning
capable of feeling or suffering; susceptible to sensation or emotion (often theological)
Example
In some traditions, deities are described as passible, sharing human emotions.
En algunas tradiciones, se describe a las deidades como pasibles, compartiendo emociones humanas.
C2 adjective /ˈplændʒənt/

plangent

sonido triste o resonante
Meaning
having a loud, mournful sound; resonant
Example
The plangent toll of the church bell echoed through the village.
El tañido triste de la campana de la iglesia resonó por el pueblo.
C2 noun /pɪˈnɒlədʒi/

penology

penología
Meaning
The study of prison management and criminal rehabilitation.
Example
He decided to specialize in penology to help improve the prison system.
Decidió especializarse en penología para ayudar a mejorar el sistema penitenciario.
C2 adjective /ˈpɜːrviəs/

pervious

permeable
Meaning
Allowing water, air, or other substances to pass through; permeable.
Example
The soil here is pervious to rainwater.
El suelo aquí es permeable al agua de lluvia.
C2 noun /pɜːrtʃt raɪs/

Perched rice

arroz inflado
Meaning
puffed rice; rice that has been heated and puffed into light, crispy grains
Example
I enjoy eating puffed rice as a healthy snack.
Disfruto comer arroz inflado como un bocadillo saludable.
C2 noun /ˈpʌndʒənsi/

pungency

picante
Meaning
The quality of having a strong, sharp taste or smell.
Example
The pungency of garlic filled the kitchen.
La pungencia del ajo llenó la cocina.
C2 adjective /ˈpʌdʒi/

pudgy

relleno
Meaning
slightly fat or chubby in a way that is often cute
Example
The baby had pudgy cheeks that everyone adored.
El bebé tenía mejillas rellenas que todos adoraban.
C2 adjective /ˌpjuːsɪˈlænɪməs/

pusillanimous

pusilánime
Meaning
showing a lack of courage or determination; timid
Example
The pusillanimous leader avoided making tough decisions.
El líder pusilánime evitaba tomar decisiones difíciles.
C2 adjective /njuːˈmætɪk/

pneumatic

neumático
Meaning
operated by air or gas under pressure
Example
The factory uses pneumatic tools for assembly.
La fábrica usa herramientas neumáticas para el ensamblaje.
C2 noun /ˈfɪl.ɪ.staɪn/

philistine

persona indiferente o hostil hacia la cultura y las artes
Meaning
a person who is indifferent or hostile to culture and the arts
Example
He was criticized as a philistine for dismissing modern art.
Fue criticado como un filisteo por rechazar el arte moderno.
C2 adjective /ˌprɒvɪˈdɛnʃəl/

providential

providencial
Meaning
occurring at a favorable or opportune time, as if guided by divine intervention
Example
Their timely rescue was considered providential.
Su rescate oportuno se consideró providencial.
C2 verb /pɔːrˈtɛnd/

portend

presagiar
Meaning
To be a sign or warning that something, especially something bad, is going to happen.
Example
Dark clouds portend a storm.
Las nubes oscuras presagian una tormenta.
C2 adjective /ˌprɛsɪˈdɛnʃəl/

precedential

precedente
Meaning
Relating to, or serving as, a precedent; having authority as an example.
Example
The court’s decision has precedential value.
La decisión del tribunal tiene un valor precedencial.
C2 noun /ˈpoʊltɪs/

poultice

cataplasma caliente de hierbas
Meaning
a soft, moist mass of material applied to the body to relieve soreness and inflammation
Example
The nurse applied a warm poultice to his injured leg.
La enfermera aplicó un cataplasma caliente en su pierna lesionada.
C2 noun /ˈproʊbɪti/

probity

probidad
Meaning
The quality of having strong moral principles; honesty and decency.
Example
The judge was admired for his integrity and probity.
El juez fue admirado por su integridad y probidad.
C2 noun /ˈpɛntæd/

pentad

grupo de cinco
Meaning
A group or set of five things.
Example
The committee was divided into a pentad of working groups.
El comité se dividió en un grupo de cinco equipos de trabajo.
C2 noun /ˈplɛdʒɔːr/

pledgeor

garante
Meaning
a person who gives or offers a pledge or security
Example
The bank accepted the jewelry from the pledgeor as collateral for the loan.
El banco aceptó las joyas del garante como garantía para el préstamo.
C2 noun /ˈpɔːrfəri/

porphyry

una roca ígnea dura
Meaning
A hard igneous rock containing crystals, often used for decorative or building purposes.
Example
The ancient Romans used porphyry to make columns and statues.
Los antiguos romanos usaron pórfido para hacer columnas y estatuas.
C2 adjective /prɪˈhɛnsɪbəl/

prehensible

agarrable
Meaning
capable of being grasped or seized
Example
The tool has a prehensible handle that improves safety.
La herramienta tiene un mango agarrable que mejora la seguridad.
C2 noun /pəˈlæv.ər/

palaver

charla innecesaria / alboroto
Meaning
prolonged and idle discussion; fuss or unnecessary talk
Example
After much palaver, they finally agreed on the plan.
Después de mucha charla innecesaria, finalmente acordaron el plan.
C2 noun /ˈpɒliˌɑːrki/

polyarchy

poliarquía
Meaning
government by many people
Example
Polyarchy allows multiple parties to share power.
La poliarquía permite que varios partidos compartan el poder.
C2 adjective /pəˈnjʊəriəs/

penurious

extremadamente pobre
Meaning
extremely poor; poverty-stricken; miserly
Example
The penurious family struggled to buy food.
La familia extremadamente pobre luchaba por comprar comida.
C2 verb /ˈpjuːtrɪfaɪ/

putrefy

descomponer
Meaning
to decay or rot, producing a foul smell
Example
The meat began to putrefy in the heat.
La carne comenzó a descomponerse con el calor.
C2 noun /ˈprɒsɪlaɪt/

proselyte

prosélito
Meaning
A person who has converted from one belief, opinion, or religion to another.
Example
She became a proselyte after converting to a new faith.
Se convirtió en un prosélito después de convertirse a una nueva fe.
C2 verb /fɪˈlændər/

philander

filandear
Meaning
to engage in casual or frivolous romantic or sexual relationships
Example
He was known to philander with many women in town.
Era conocido por filandear con muchas mujeres en la ciudad.
C2 verb /ˌpriːɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/

preengage

precontratar
Meaning
To contract or engage beforehand; to arrange in advance.
Example
The workers were preengaged before the project officially started.
Los trabajadores fueron precontratados antes de que comenzara oficialmente el proyecto.
C2 noun /poʊˈzɜːr/

poseur

farsante
Meaning
A person who pretends to be something they are not, often to impress others.
Example
Many considered him a poseur because he exaggerated his accomplishments.
Muchos lo consideraban un farsante porque exageraba sus logros.
C2 noun /ˈpærəpɛt/

parapet

murallas de protección
Meaning
A low protective wall along the edge of a roof, balcony, or bridge.
Example
The soldier hid behind the parapet for protection.
El soldado se escondió detrás de la muralla de protección para su seguridad.
C2 verb /poʊˈtɛnʃiˌeɪt/

potentiate

potenciar
Meaning
To increase the power, effect, or likelihood of something.
Example
Caffeine can potentiate the effects of some medicines.
La cafeína puede potenciar los efectos de algunos medicamentos.
C2 noun /ˈplɛdʒiː/

pledgee

la persona a la que se le ha otorgado algo como garantía
Meaning
a person to whom something is pledged or given as security
Example
The bank is the pledgee of the collateral until the loan is repaid.
El banco es el beneficiario del colateral hasta que el préstamo se pague.
C2 noun /ˈpɜr.fɪ.di/

Perfidy

perfidia
Meaning
deliberate breach of faith or trust; treachery; betrayal of trust
Example
His perfidy shocked all who had trusted him.
Su perfidia sorprendió a todos los que le habían confiado.
C2 noun /ˈprɛʃəns/ or /ˈpriːʃəns/

prescience

presencia
Meaning
the ability to know or predict what will happen in the future
Example
Her prescience about market trends saved the company.
Su presiencia sobre las tendencias del mercado salvó a la empresa.
C2 noun /ˈprɛlət/

prelate

miembro de alto rango del clero
Meaning
A high-ranking member of the clergy, especially a bishop or abbot.
Example
The prelate delivered a sermon to the congregation.
El prelado dio un sermón a la congregación.
C2 adjective /ˌpəʊstˈprændɪəl/

postprandial

postprandial
Meaning
Occurring after a meal.
Example
He went for a postprandial walk after dinner.
Fue a caminar después de la cena postprandial.
C2 adjective /ˈprʊəriənt/

prurient

lascivo
Meaning
having or showing an excessive interest in sexual matters
Example
The magazine was criticized for its prurient content.
La revista fue criticada por su contenido lascivo.
C2 noun /ˌpæliˈeɪʃən/

palliation

alivio
Meaning
relief of symptoms without curing the underlying disease or problem
Example
Palliation is often the focus of care for terminally ill patients.
El alivio suele ser el enfoque principal del cuidado para los pacientes terminales.
C2 adjective /ˈpɑːmi/

palmy

próspero / glorioso
Meaning
prosperous, flourishing, or relating to palm trees
Example
He often reminisced about the palmy days of his youth.
A menudo recordaba los días prósperos de su juventud.
C2 noun /ˈpælɪˌnoʊd/

palinode

palinodia
Meaning
a poem or statement in which the writer retracts something said in an earlier work
Example
The poet wrote a palinode to apologize for his earlier harsh words.
El poeta escribió una palinodia para disculparse por sus palabras severas anteriores.
C2 noun /ˈpɒl.i.mæθ/

polymath

polímata
Meaning
a person with knowledge of many different subjects
Example
Leonardo da Vinci was a true polymath, excelling in art, science, and engineering.
Leonardo da Vinci fue un verdadero polímata, destacando en arte, ciencia e ingeniería.
C2 noun /ˌpɜːrspɪˈkjuːəti/

perspicuity

claridad
Meaning
Clarity and ease in speech or writing; the quality of being clearly expressed.
Example
The perspicuity of his lecture made it easy for students to understand complex topics.
La claridad de su conferencia hizo que fuera fácil para los estudiantes entender temas complejos.
C2 adjective /pɪˈskætɔːrɪəl/

piscatorial

relacionado con la pesca
Meaning
relating to fishing or fishermen
Example
He has a deep knowledge of piscatorial techniques and fish species.
Él tiene un profundo conocimiento de las técnicas piscatorias y las especies de peces.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛkənt/

peccant

culpable
Meaning
Guilty of a moral offense or wrongdoing; sinful.
Example
The judge declared the peccant official unfit for office.
El juez declaró al oficial culpable no apto para el cargo.
C2 adjective /ˌprɒfɪˈlæktɪk/

prophylactic

profiláctico
Meaning
intended to prevent disease or an unwanted outcome; protective
Example
The doctor prescribed a prophylactic treatment to prevent infection.
El doctor recetó un tratamiento profiláctico para prevenir la infección.
C2 adjective /prəˈpɪʃəs/

propitious

propicio
Meaning
giving or indicating a good chance of success; favorable
Example
The sunny weather was a propitious start to the picnic.
El clima soleado fue un comienzo propicio para el picnic.
C2 verb /ˈproʊtjuːbəreɪt/

protuberate

hincharse
Meaning
To swell out or bulge.
Example
The roots began to protuberate from the ground.
Las raíces comenzaron a hincharse desde el suelo.
C2 noun /ˈpɔːrtɛnt/

portent

presagio
Meaning
A sign or warning that something, especially something momentous or calamitous, is likely to happen.
Example
The sudden drop in stock prices was seen as a portent of economic trouble.
La repentina caída de los precios de las acciones fue vista como un presagio de problemas económicos.
C2 noun /ˈpɔːpərɪzəm/

pauperism

paupérisme
Meaning
The state of being extremely poor.
Example
The country struggled with rising pauperism in the 19th century.
El país luchó contra el pauperismo creciente en el siglo XIX.
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrljuː/

purlieu

área periférica
Meaning
The area near or surrounding a place; an outlying or neighboring district.
Example
They spent the afternoon exploring the purlieus of the ancient city.
Pasaron la tarde explorando los purlíus de la antigua ciudad.
C2 adjective /ˈpliːnəri/

plenary

plenario
Meaning
complete in every way; fully attended or absolute
Example
The committee held a plenary session to discuss all matters of importance.
El comité celebró una sesión plenaria para discutir todos los asuntos importantes.
C2 verb /ˌpriːɪɡˈzɪst/

preexist

existir previamente
Meaning
to exist beforehand or before something else
Example
These customs preexist the arrival of modern technology.
Esas costumbres existían antes de la llegada de la tecnología moderna.
C2 adjective /ˈpjʊəraɪl/

puerile

infantil
Meaning
childishly silly or immature
Example
His puerile jokes annoyed the audience.
Sus bromas infantiles molestaron al público.
C2 adjective /pərˈfɛktəbl/

perfectible

perfectible
Meaning
capable of being made perfect or improved
Example
Human nature is imperfect but perfectible.
La naturaleza humana es imperfecta, pero perfectible.
C2 adverb /ˌpɛlˈmɛl/

pell-mell

de manera desordenada
Meaning
In a confused, rushed, or disorderly manner.
Example
The children ran pell-mell through the playground.
Los niños corrieron de manera desordenada por el patio de recreo.
C2 noun /ˈproʊtoʊˌplæzəm/

protoplasm

protoplasma
Meaning
The living substance inside a cell, including the cytoplasm and nucleus.
Example
Scientists observed the movement of protoplasm under the microscope.
Los científicos observaron el movimiento del protoplasma bajo el microscopio.
C2 noun /pluːˈtɒkrəsi/

plutocracy

gobierno de los ricos
Meaning
a system of government where the wealthy hold power
Example
The country was ruled as a plutocracy.
El país fue gobernado como una plutocracia.
C2 adjective /ˌpɑːrsɪˈmoʊniəs/

parsimonious

tacaño
Meaning
unwilling to spend money or use resources; stingy
Example
The company was too parsimonious to invest in better equipment.
La empresa era demasiado tacaña para invertir en mejores equipos.
C2 noun /priːˈɛmɪnəns/

preeminence

preeminencia
Meaning
The fact of surpassing all others; superiority.
Example
The university has gained preeminence in medical research.
La universidad ha ganado preeminencia en la investigación médica.
C2 noun /ˌpætrəˈnɪmɪk/

patronymic

patronímico
Meaning
a name derived from the name of a father or ancestor
Example
In many cultures, surnames are patronymic in origin.
En muchas culturas, los apellidos son patronímicos en origen.
C2 verb /prɪmp/

primp

felicidad
Meaning
To spend time making minor adjustments to one's appearance.
Example
She primped in front of the mirror before the party.
Ella no pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C2 /ˈpæn.ə.pli/

panoply

panoplia
Meaning
A complete or impressive collection of things; a full set of armor.
Example
The museum displayed a panoply of ancient weapons.
El museo exhibió una panoplia de armas antiguas.
C2 noun /ˈpruːdəri/

prudery

pudor excesivo
Meaning
the behavior or attitude of people who are too easily shocked or offended by sexual matters
Example
His prudery often made others uncomfortable during open discussions.
Su pudor excesivo a menudo hacía que los demás se sintieran incómodos durante las discusiones abiertas.
C2 noun /ˈplɛbɪsaɪt/

plebiscite

votación directa del pueblo
Meaning
a direct vote by the electorate on an important public question
Example
The government held a plebiscite to decide on the new constitution.
El gobierno celebró un plebiscito para decidir sobre la nueva constitución.
C2 noun /ˈpɛdənt/

pedant

persona pedante
Meaning
A person who is excessively concerned with minor details or rules, often in a showy way.
Example
The professor was criticized as a pedant who focused too much on trivial details.
El profesor fue criticado como un pedante que se centraba demasiado en los detalles triviales.
C2 noun /ˈplætɪtjuːd/

platitude

frase trillada, lugar común
Meaning
a remark or statement that is overused and unoriginal
Example
He kept repeating the same platitudes during the speech.
Siguió repitiendo las mismas platitudes durante su discurso.
C2 adjective /ˈplɛntɪəs/

plenteous

abundante
Meaning
existing in great quantity; abundant
Example
The harvest was plenteous, providing enough food for the entire village.
La cosecha fue abundante, proporcionando suficiente comida para todo el pueblo.