innocuous
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C1 adjective /ɪˈnɒkjuəs/

innocuous

inofensivo
Meaning
Not harmful or offensive.
Example
His remark was completely innocuous and not meant to offend anyone.
Su comentario fue completamente inofensivo y no tenía la intención de ofender a nadie.
C1 noun /ˌɪnflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/

inflexibility

inflexibilidad
Meaning
the quality of being rigid or unwilling to change; lack of adaptability
Example
The inflexibility of the rules caused unnecessary delays.
La inflexibilidad de las reglas causó retrasos innecesarios.
C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜːrnoʊ/

inferno

incendio
Meaning
a large, intense fire that is dangerously out of control
Example
The building turned into an inferno within minutes.
El edificio se convirtió en un incendio en minutos.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɜːs/

Inverse

inverso; opuesto
Meaning
opposite in order, nature, or effect; reversed
Example
There is an inverse relationship between price and demand.
Existe una relación inversa entre el precio y la demanda.
C1 adjective ˌɪm.pəˈsɛp.tɪ.bəl

imperceptible

imperceptible
Meaning
So subtle or gradual that it is difficult to notice or perceive
Example
The changes in his behavior were imperceptible at first.
Los cambios en su comportamiento eran imperceptibles al principio.
C1 noun /ˌɪmɔːrˈtæləti/

immortality

inmortalidad
Meaning
the state of living forever; eternal life or lasting fame beyond death
Example
Many ancient cultures believed that heroes could achieve immortality through great deeds.
Muchas culturas antiguas creían que los héroes podían alcanzar la inmortalidad mediante grandes hazañas.
C1 adjective ɪmˈpɛkəbl

impeccable

impecable
Meaning
In accordance with the highest standards; faultless.
Example
His impeccable taste in fashion was admired by all his peers.
Su impecable gusto en la moda fue admirado por todos sus compañeros.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflɛksəbl/

inflexible

inflexible
Meaning
Not able to bend or change; unwilling to change ideas or behavior.
Example
His inflexible attitude made negotiations difficult.
Su actitud inflexible dificultó las negociaciones.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈpætəbl/

incompatible

incompatible
Meaning
Not able to exist or work together without conflict.
Example
Their personalities were completely incompatible.
Sus personalidades eran completamente incompatibles.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

injunction

orden judicial
Meaning
A judicial order restraining a person from an action or compelling a certain act.
Example
The court issued an injunction to stop the company from polluting the river.
El tribunal emitió una orden judicial para evitar que la empresa contaminara el río.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.trə.vɜːrt/

introvert

introvertido
Meaning
A person who tends to be shy and prefers spending time alone rather than in groups.
Example
As an introvert, he preferred reading over attending parties.
Como introvertido, prefería leer en lugar de asistir a fiestas.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɡreɪnd/

ingrained

arraigado
Meaning
Firmly fixed or established; deeply rooted and difficult to change.
Example
His ingrained habits were hard to break.
Sus hábitos arraigados eran difíciles de romper.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɪdiəs/

insidious

insidioso
Meaning
Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way but with harmful effects.
Example
The insidious spread of misinformation can damage trust.
La propagación insidiosa de la desinformación puede dañar la confianza.
C1 noun /ˌɪntərˌɒpərəˈbɪləti/

interoperability

interoperabilidad
Meaning
The ability of computer systems or software to exchange and make use of information.
Example
The interoperability of different software systems ensures seamless workflow.
La interoperabilidad de diferentes sistemas de software asegura un flujo de trabajo continuo.
C1 adjective /ˈaɪərnˌklæd/

ironclad

inquebrantable
Meaning
impossible to change, break, or dispute; very strong and firm
Example
The company had an ironclad contract with its suppliers.
La empresa tenía un contrato inquebrantable con sus proveedores.
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səbˈstæn.ʃəl/

insubstantial

insustancial
Meaning
Lacking strength, substance, or solidity.
Example
The evidence provided was insubstantial and unconvincing.
La evidencia proporcionada fue insustancial y poco convincente.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈspek.ʃən/

introspection

introspección
Meaning
The examination or observation of one's own mental and emotional processes; self-reflection.
Example
Through introspection, she gained insight into her emotions.
A través de la introspección, obtuvo una visión profunda de sus emociones.
C1 noun ˌɪrɪˈvɜːrsəbl ˈdæmɪdʒ

irreversible damage

daño irreversible
Meaning
Harm or injury that cannot be undone or repaired.
Example
Climate change causes irreversible damage to ecosystems.
El cambio climático causa daño irreversible a los ecosistemas.
C1 noun /ˈɪmɪnəns/

imminence

inminencia, estado de proximidad
Meaning
the state of being about to happen
Example
The imminence of the storm forced people to take shelter.
La inminencia de la tormenta obligó a la gente a buscar refugio.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsʌf.ər.ə.bəl/

insufferable

insoportable
Meaning
Too extreme to bear; intolerable.
Example
The heat during the summer was insufferable.
El calor durante el verano fue insoportable.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɛntɪv/

inventive

inventivo
Meaning
Having the ability to create or design new things or to think originally.
Example
The inventor was known for his inventive solutions to everyday problems.
El inventor era conocido por sus soluciones inventivas para los problemas cotidianos.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

Innumerable

innumerable; incontable; infinito
Meaning
too many to be counted; countless; infinite in number
Example
There are innumerable stars in the night sky that we cannot see with our naked eyes.
Hay innumerables estrellas en el cielo nocturno que no podemos ver con nuestros ojos desnudos.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnbɔːrn/

Inborn

innato; congénito; inherente
Meaning
existing from birth; natural; inherent
Example
She has an inborn talent for music.
Ella tiene un talento innato para la música.
C1 adjective ɪˈluː.sər.i

illusory

ilusorio
Meaning
Based on illusion; not real although seeming to be.
Example
His sense of security was entirely illusory.
Su sensación de seguridad era completamente ilusoria.
C1 noun (plural) /ˈɪndɪˌsiːz/

indices

índices
Meaning
plural form of index; statistical measures or reference points used for comparison
Example
Stock market indices fell sharply after the announcement.
Los índices del mercado de valores cayeron drásticamente después del anuncio.
C1 noun /ɪˈreləvəns/

irrelevance

irrelevancia
Meaning
the quality of not being connected to or important for a particular matter; lack of significance
Example
His long explanation only highlighted the irrelevance of the details to the main issue.
Su larga explicación solo resaltó la irrelevancia de los detalles para el tema principal.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛl/

impel

impulsar
Meaning
to drive, force, or urge someone to do something
Example
Her curiosity impelled her to open the mysterious box.
Su curiosidad la impulsó a abrir la caja misteriosa.
C1 noun /aɪˈtɪnərɛri/

itinerary

itinerario
Meaning
A planned route or schedule of a journey or trip.
Example
The travel agent gave us a detailed itinerary for our vacation.
El agente de viajes nos dio un itinerario detallado para nuestras vacaciones.
C1 noun /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

insignificance

insignificancia
Meaning
The quality of being unimportant or trivial.
Example
He felt a sense of insignificance in the vast universe.
Él sintió un sentido de insignificancia en el vasto universo.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpiːtʃ/

impeach

impeachar
Meaning
To charge a public official with misconduct while in office.
Example
The parliament voted to impeach the president.
El parlamento votó para impugnar al presidente.
C1 adverb /ˌɪn.ədˈvɜːr.tənt.li/

Inadvertently

inadvertidamente; sin intención; por error
Meaning
without being aware of what you are doing; unintentionally; by mistake
Example
She inadvertently deleted the important file while cleaning her computer.
Ella eliminó accidentalmente el archivo importante mientras limpiaba su computadora.
C1 verb /ɪnˈvɜːrt/

invert

invertir
Meaning
To turn something upside down or in the opposite position, order, or direction.
Example
He inverted the glass to let the water drain out.
Él invirtió el vaso para dejar que el agua se drenara.
C1 noun ɪnˈsɒl.vən.si

insolvency

insolvencia
Meaning
The state of being unable to pay debts owed; bankruptcy.
Example
The company declared insolvency after years of losses.
La empresa declaró la insolvencia después de años de pérdidas.
C1 noun ɪnˌɛv.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

inevitability

inevitabilidad
Meaning
The quality of being certain to happen and impossible to avoid or prevent.
Example
The inevitability of change is a part of life.
La inevitabilidad del cambio es parte de la vida.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.floʊ/

inflow

flujo
Meaning
The movement of things such as money, people, or water into a place.
Example
The inflow of tourists boosted the local economy.
El flujo de turistas impulsó la economía local.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsɪdərət/

inconsiderate

desconsiderado
Meaning
Thoughtless; showing a lack of concern for others.
Example
It was inconsiderate of him to play loud music late at night.
Fue desconsiderado de su parte poner música alta tarde en la noche.
C1 verb /ˈɪnsjuleɪt/

insulate

aislar
Meaning
To protect something by covering it, especially to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from escaping or entering.
Example
The house was insulated to reduce heating costs.
La casa fue aislada para reducir los costos de calefacción.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdʌstriəsnəs/

industriousness

diligencia
Meaning
The quality of being hardworking and diligent.
Example
His industriousness earned him a promotion at work.
Su diligencia le valió una promoción en el trabajo.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈveɪsɪv/

invasive

invasivo
Meaning
Tending to spread harmfully, intruding aggressively, or encroaching beyond proper boundaries.
Example
The doctor explained that the procedure was minimally invasive.
El doctor explicó que el procedimiento era mínimamente invasivo.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɪnsəbl/

invincible

invencible
Meaning
too powerful to be defeated or overcome
Example
The team seemed invincible after winning ten matches in a row.
El equipo parecía invencible después de ganar diez partidos consecutivos.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdaɪt/

indict

acusar
Meaning
to formally accuse someone of committing a serious crime
Example
The grand jury decided to indict the politician for corruption.
El gran jurado decidió acusar al político por corrupción.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsæn.ə.ti/

Insanity

locura; demencia
Meaning
the state of being seriously mentally ill; extreme foolishness or irrationality
Example
The defense lawyer argued that his client was not guilty by reason of insanity.
El abogado defensor argumentó que su cliente no era culpable por razón de locura.
C1 adjective /ɪˈledʒ.ə.bəl/

illegible

ilegible
Meaning
Not clear enough to be read; unreadable.
Example
The doctor’s handwriting was almost illegible.
La escritura del doctor era casi ilegible.
C1 noun ɪnˈdʌldʒəns

indulgence

indulgencia
Meaning
The practice of allowing oneself to enjoy the pleasure of something.
Example
His indulgence in junk food affected his health.
La indulgencia en la comida chatarra afecto su salud.
C1 verb /ɪnˈterəˌɡeɪt/

interrogate

interrogar
Meaning
to ask someone questions in a thorough and formal way; to question intensively
Example
The police interrogated the suspect for hours.
La policía interrogó al sospechoso durante horas.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈstɪŋk.tɪv/

instinctive

instintivo, natural, automático
Meaning
Based on instinct; done without conscious thought; natural and automatic.
Example
His instinctive reaction saved his life.
Su reacción instintiva le salvó la vida.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməbəl/

Inflammable

inflamable; combustible
Meaning
easily set on fire; flammable; combustible
Example
The inflammable material caught fire quickly.
El material inflamable se prendió rápidamente.
C1 adjective /ɪˈluː.sɪv/

Illusive

ilusorio; que parece existir pero no es real; engañoso
Meaning
deceptive; appearing to exist but not real; misleading
Example
The promise of easy money proved to be illusive and misleading.
La promesa de dinero fácil resultó ser ilusoria y engañosa.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɛdɪmənt/

impediments

obstáculos
Meaning
A hindrance or obstruction in doing something; things that prevent progress or achievement.
Example
Economic impediments often hinder social development.
Los obstáculos económicos a menudo dificultan el desarrollo social.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈseɪʃəbl̩/

insatiable

insaciable
Meaning
impossible to satisfy; always wanting more
Example
Her insatiable curiosity drove her to read every book in the library.
Su insaciable curiosidad la llevó a leer todos los libros de la biblioteca.
C1 noun /ɪmˌpɒsəˈbɪlɪti/

impossibility

imposibilidad
Meaning
the state or fact of being impossible; something that cannot be done or achieved
Example
Finishing the project in one day was an impossibility.
Terminar el proyecto en un día fue una imposibilidad.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

inquisitive

inquisitivo
Meaning
Curious or eager to learn and ask questions.
Example
The inquisitive child asked endless questions about the stars.
El niño inquisitivo hizo preguntas interminables sobre las estrellas.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɒs.tər/

Impostor

impostor; fraude
Meaning
a person who pretends to be someone else in order to deceive others; a fraud
Example
The impostor convinced everyone he was a doctor until his fake credentials were discovered.
El impostor convenció a todos de que era un doctor hasta que se descubrió que sus credenciales eran falsas.
C1 noun ˌɪm.pʌlˈsɪv.ɪ.ti

impulsivity

impulsividad
Meaning
The tendency to act quickly and without thought or care; lack of self-control.
Example
His impulsivity led him to make reckless choices.
Su impulsividad lo llevó a tomar decisiones imprudentes.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛpərəbəl/

Irreparable

irreparable
Meaning
impossible to repair or fix; permanent damage that cannot be undone
Example
The accident caused irreparable damage to his spine.
El accidente causó daños irreparables en su columna vertebral.
C1 noun /ɪnˈædɪkwəsi/

inadequacy

insuficiencia
Meaning
lack of sufficient ability, quality, or strength; a feeling of not being good enough
Example
She struggled with feelings of inadequacy at work despite her strong qualifications.
Luchaba con sentimientos de insuficiencia en el trabajo a pesar de sus sólidas calificaciones.
C1 noun ˌɪntədɪˈpɛndənsi

interdependency

interdependencia
Meaning
The dependence of two or more people or things on each other.
Example
The interdependency of the countries led to greater cooperation.
La interdependencia de los países llevó a una mayor cooperación.
C1 noun /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənsi/

insufficiency

insuficiencia
Meaning
The state of not being enough or not being adequate.
Example
The project failed due to the insufficiency of funds.
El proyecto falló debido a la insuficiencia de fondos.
C1 verb ɪˈnɔː.ɡjə.reɪ.tɪd

inaugurated

inaugurado
Meaning
Begin or introduce (a system, policy, or period) formally.
Example
The organization was inaugurated officially.
La organización fue inaugurada oficialmente.
C1 verb /ˌɪntərˈsɛpt/

intercept

interceptar
Meaning
to stop, catch, or seize something on its way from one place to another
Example
The police intercepted the stolen car before it crossed the border.
La policía interceptó el coche robado antes de que cruzara la frontera.
C1 noun /ɪnˈfjuːʒən/

infusion

infusión
Meaning
the act of introducing something into another; a drink made by steeping leaves or herbs in liquid
Example
She prepared a calming infusion of chamomile tea.
Ella preparó una infusión calmante de té de manzanilla.
C1 noun /ˌɪməˈtjʊərəti/

immaturity

inmadurez
Meaning
the state of not being fully developed emotionally, mentally, or physically; lack of maturity
Example
His immaturity made it difficult for him to handle responsibility.
Su inmadurez le dificultó manejar la responsabilidad.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈstel.ər

interstellar

entre las estrellas, interestelar, cósmico
Meaning
Occurring or situated between stars.
Example
Scientists study interstellar travel possibilities.
Los científicos estudian las posibilidades de viajes interestelares.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.trəˈspek.tɪv

introspective

introspectivo
Meaning
Characterized by or given to introspection; examining one's own thoughts and feelings.
Example
Writers tend to be highly introspective individuals.
Los escritores tienden a ser individuos altamente introspectivos.
C1 noun /ˈɪtʃ.i.nəs/

itchiness

picazón
Meaning
The quality or condition of feeling an irritating sensation on the skin that causes a desire to scratch.
Example
Eye itchiness often leads to rubbing.
La picazón en los ojos a menudo conduce a frotarse.
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.dɪˈspen.sə.bəl/

indispensable

indispensable
Meaning
Absolutely necessary, essential
Example
Water is indispensable for human survival.
El agua es indispensable para la supervivencia humana.
C1 noun /ˌɪnɪkˈspɪəriəns/

inexperience

inexperiencia
Meaning
Lack of knowledge or skill in a particular activity or field.
Example
His inexperience in handling negotiations was evident.
Su inexperiencia en las negociaciones era evidente.
C1 noun ˌɪnfrəˈstrʌktʃərəl dɪˈveləpmənt

infrastructural development

desarrollo infraestructural
Meaning
The process of building and improving the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
Example
Infrastructural development is necessary for efficient recycling.
El desarrollo infraestructural es necesario para el reciclaje eficiente.
C1 noun /ˌɪnˈdɪsəplɪn/

indiscipline

indisciplina
Meaning
lack of discipline or self-control; failure to obey rules or maintain order
Example
Indiscipline among the students disrupted the learning environment.
La indisciplina entre los estudiantes interrumpió el ambiente de aprendizaje.
C1 noun /ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃən/

inclination

inclinación
Meaning
A natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way.
Example
She has an inclination towards helping others.
Ella tiene una inclinación hacia ayudar a los demás.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskriːt/

indiscreet

imprudente
Meaning
Not careful in what one says or does, likely to reveal secrets or offend.
Example
It was indiscreet of him to mention the plan in public.
Fue imprudente de su parte mencionar el plan en público.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɔːdəbl/

inaudible

ininteligible
Meaning
Unable to be heard.
Example
Her voice was almost inaudible over the noise.
Su voz era casi ininteligible sobre el ruido.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrsənl/

impersonal

impersonal
Meaning
not influenced by, showing, or involving personal feelings; lacking human warmth or emotion
Example
The letter was written in a very impersonal style.
La carta fue escrita en un estilo muy impersonal.
C1 noun /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

indignation

indignación
Meaning
Strong displeasure or anger caused by something unjust, offensive, or insulting.
Example
Public indignation grew after the unfair verdict.
La indignación pública creció después del veredicto injusto.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.tə.dʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃən.əl

intergenerational

intergeneracional, entre diferentes generaciones de una familia
Meaning
Existing or occurring between different generations of a family.
Example
Intergenerational wisdom ensures cultural continuity.
La sabiduría intergeneracional asegura la continuidad cultural.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/

intimidate

intimidar
Meaning
To frighten or overawe someone, especially to make them do what one wants.
Example
The bully tried to intimidate the smaller kids.
El matón intentó intimidar a los niños más pequeños.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːrksəm/

irksome

molesto
Meaning
annoying or irritating
Example
Waiting in a long line is one of the most irksome tasks.
Esperar en una larga fila es una de las tareas más molestas.
C1 verb /ɪnˈfrɪndʒ/

infringe

infringir
Meaning
To actively break the terms of a law, agreement, or right.
Example
Copying this software without permission will infringe copyright laws.
Copiar este software sin permiso infringirá las leyes de derechos de autor.
C1 adjective /ˌɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/

illegitimate

ilegítimo
Meaning
Not authorized by law, rules, or standards; not recognized as valid.
Example
The court ruled the contract to be illegitimate.
El tribunal dictaminó que el contrato era ilegítimo.
C1 noun /ɪˌreɡjəˈlærɪti/

irregularity

irregularidad
Meaning
lack of regularity or consistency; a deviation from what is normal, expected, or orderly
Example
The audit revealed several financial irregularities in the company’s records.
La auditoría reveló varias irregularidades financieras en los registros de la empresa.
C1 adjective ɪnˈdel.ə.bəl

indelible

indeleble
Meaning
Making marks that cannot be removed; impossible to forget or remove.
Example
Her speech left an indelible mark on the audience.
Su discurso dejó una marca indeleble en la audiencia.
C1 adjective /aɪˈdɪlɪk/

idyllic

idílico y hermoso
Meaning
Like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque.
Example
They enjoyed an idyllic vacation by the sea.
Disfrutaron de unas vacaciones idílicas junto al mar.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɪndʒ/

impinge

afectar
Meaning
to have an effect or impact on something; to encroach or infringe
Example
The noise from the construction site impinges on our daily activities.
El ruido de la construcción afecta nuestras actividades diarias.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

Indescribable

indescriptible
Meaning
impossible to describe or express in words; beyond description
Example
The beauty of the sunset was indescribable.
La belleza del atardecer era indescriptible.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛrɪl/

imperil

poner en peligro
Meaning
To put in danger or at risk.
Example
Reckless driving can imperil the lives of others.
La conducción imprudente puede poner en peligro la vida de otros.
C1 verb /ˈɪmplɪˌkeɪt/

implicate

implicar
Meaning
To show someone’s involvement in a crime or wrongdoing.
Example
The evidence implicated several officials in the scandal.
La evidencia implicó a varios funcionarios en el escándalo.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.dʒəˈnjuː.ɪ.ti/

ingenuity

ingenio
Meaning
The quality of being clever, original, and inventive.
Example
His ingenuity led to groundbreaking innovations.
Su ingenio llevó a innovaciones pioneras.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkoʊˈhɪrəns/

incoherence

incoherencia
Meaning
The quality of being unclear, confused, or lacking logical connection.
Example
His speech was full of incoherence and difficult to follow.
Su discurso estaba lleno de incoherencias y era difícil de seguir.
C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

impasse
Meaning
A situation where no progress is possible.
Example
The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.
Las negociaciones llegaron a un impasse, retrasando el acuerdo.
C1 verb /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/

improvise

improvisar
Meaning
To create or perform something spontaneously without preparation.
Example
The actor had to improvise his lines when he forgot the script.
El actor tuvo que improvisar sus líneas cuando olvidó el guion.
C1 adverb, adjective /ˌɪnkɑːɡˈniːtoʊ/

incognito

incógnito
Meaning
In disguise or with one's identity concealed.
Example
The celebrity traveled incognito to avoid the paparazzi.
La celebridad viajó incognito para evitar a los paparazzi.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːtnəs/

incompleteness

incompletitud
Meaning
the state of not being complete or whole; lack of necessary parts or fullness
Example
The incompleteness of the report caused delays in the project.
La incompletitud del informe causó retrasos en el proyecto.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌktɪv/

inductive

inductivo
Meaning
characterized by the inference of general laws from particular instances; reasoning from specific cases to general principles
Example
The scientist used inductive reasoning to form a hypothesis.
El científico usó razonamiento inductivo para formular una hipótesis.
C1 noun /ˈɪnˌmeɪt/

inmate

interno
Meaning
a person confined to an institution such as a prison or hospital
Example
The prison has over a thousand inmates.
La prisión tiene más de mil internos.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛvərənt/

irreverent

irreverente
Meaning
showing a lack of respect for people or things that are usually respected
Example
The comedian’s irreverent jokes offended some of the audience.
Los chistes irreverentes del comediante ofendieron a algunos de la audiencia.
C1 adjective ɪnˈkʌm.bənt

incumbent

obligatorio
Meaning
necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility.
Example
It is incumbent upon all citizens to obey the law.
Es obligatorio para todos los ciudadanos obedecer la ley.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃ/

impoverish

empobrecer
Meaning
To make someone poor or reduce the quality or richness of something.
Example
The long war impoverished the entire nation.
La larga guerra empobreció a toda la nación.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv/

Indecisive

indeciso
Meaning
unable to make decisions quickly; hesitant; wavering
Example
She was indecisive about which university to attend.
Ella estaba indecisa sobre qué universidad asistir.
C1 noun /ˌɪntərˈmɪʃən/

intermission

intermedio
Meaning
A pause or break, especially during a performance or event.
Example
The play had a twenty-minute intermission.
La obra tuvo un intermedio de veinte minutos.
C1 adjective /ˈɪɡ.ni.əs/

igneous

ígnea
Meaning
Formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Example
Granite is an igneous rock commonly used in construction.
El granito es una roca ígnea que se utiliza comúnmente en la construcción.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnərmoʊst/

Innermost

más profundo; más personal
Meaning
most private and secret; deepest; most personal
Example
She shared her innermost feelings with her closest friend.
Ella compartió sus sentimientos más profundos con su amigo más cercano.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/

instructive

instructivo
Meaning
useful and informative; providing knowledge or instruction
Example
The lecture was highly instructive and engaging.
La conferencia fue muy instructiva y atractiva.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɛp(ə)rəbəl/

inseparable

inseparable
Meaning
Unable to be separated or always together.
Example
The two friends have been inseparable since childhood.
Los dos amigos han sido inseparables desde la infancia.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkɒmprɪˈhɛnsəbl/

incomprehensible

incomprensible
Meaning
Impossible or very difficult to understand.
Example
The professor’s lecture was so fast it became incomprehensible.
La conferencia del profesor fue tan rápida que se volvió incomprensible.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtændʒəbl/

intangible

intangible
Meaning
Unable to be touched or grasped; not having a physical presence.
Example
Trust is an intangible quality in relationships.
La confianza es una cualidad intangible en las relaciones.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

inhibited

inhibido
Meaning
Unable to act in a relaxed and natural way, especially due to self-consciousness or restraint.
Example
He was too inhibited to express his true feelings.
Él estaba demasiado inhibido para expresar sus verdaderos sentimientos.
C1 noun ɪnˈflɛk.ʃən

inflection

inflexión
Meaning
The change in pitch or tone of voice when speaking for emphasis.
Example
His inflection kept the audience engaged.
Su inflexión mantuvo al público comprometido.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɜː.mə.nəns/

impermanence

impermanencia
Meaning
The state or fact of lasting for only a limited period of time.
Example
The philosophy of Buddhism emphasizes the impermanence of life.
La filosofía del budismo enfatiza la impermanencia de la vida.
C1 noun ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs trəˈdɪʃənz

Indigenous Traditions

Tradiciones indígenas
Meaning
Cultural practices, beliefs, and customs that have been passed down through generations among native peoples.
Example
Indigenous traditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts are unique.
Las tradiciones indígenas en los Chittagong Hill Tracts son únicas.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtjuː.ɪ.tɪv/

intuitive

intuitivo
Meaning
Based on instinctive understanding rather than reasoning.
Example
The software has an intuitive design that makes it easy to use.
El software tiene un diseño intuitivo que lo hace fácil de usar.
C1 noun /ˌɪnækˈtɪvɪti/

inactivity

inactividad
Meaning
the state of not being active physically or mentally; lack of action
Example
Prolonged inactivity can negatively affect both physical and mental health.
La inactividad prolongada puede afectar negativamente la salud física y mental.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdiːsənt/

indecent

indecente
Meaning
not conforming to accepted standards of behavior or morality; improper or offensive
Example
He was warned for making an indecent remark during the meeting.
Fue advertido por hacer un comentario indecente.
C1 adjective /ˌaɪ.di.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

ideological

ideológico
Meaning
Relating to or based on a system of ideas or beliefs.
Example
The two parties are divided by deep ideological differences.
Las dos partes están divididas por profundas diferencias ideológicas.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈedəbəl/

Inedible

incomible
Meaning
not suitable or safe for eating; not edible
Example
The mushrooms were poisonous and completely inedible.
Los hongos eran venenosos y completamente incomestibles.
C1 verb /ɪnˈkɜːr/

incur

incurrir
Meaning
To bring upon oneself something undesirable, usually as a result of actions.
Example
He incurred a fine for parking in the wrong place.
Él incurrió en una multa por aparcar en el lugar equivocado.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɒlvənt/

insolvent

insolvente
Meaning
unable to pay debts owed
Example
The insolvent firm could not meet its financial obligations.
La empresa insolvente no pudo cumplir con sus obligaciones financieras.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfleɪtɪd/

inflated

inflado
Meaning
excessively increased in size, value, or importance; filled with air or gas
Example
The company faced criticism for its inflated prices.
La empresa enfrentó críticas por sus precios inflados.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnhɒˈspɪtəbl/

inhospitable

inhóspito
Meaning
Harsh and difficult to live in; unfriendly or unwelcoming to guests.
Example
The desert is an inhospitable environment for most plants.
El desierto es un ambiente inhóspito para la mayoría de las plantas.
C1 verb /ˌɪn.trəˈspekt/

introspect

introspectar
Meaning
To examine one's own thoughts, feelings, or mental state.
Example
He often introspects before making important decisions.
Él a menudo se introspecta antes de tomar decisiones importantes.
C1 verb /ˈɪtəreɪt/

iterate

iterar
Meaning
To repeat a process or statement, often to improve or refine.
Example
The software team will iterate the design until it meets user needs.
El equipo de software iterará el diseño hasta que cumpla con las necesidades del usuario.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛər/

impair

deteriorar
Meaning
to weaken or damage something, especially a function or ability
Example
Smoking can impair your lung capacity.
Fumar puede dañar tu capacidad pulmonar.