ingratitude
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C2 noun /ɪnˈɡrætɪˌtjuːd/

ingratitude

ingratitud
Meaning
Lack of gratitude; failure to show thanks or appreciation.
Example
His ingratitude hurt her feelings after all she had done for him.
Su ingratitud le dolió después de todo lo que ella había hecho por él.
C1 noun /ˈfæs.ɪt/

facet

faceta, aspecto, parte
Meaning
One of the many aspects or features of something; a particular part or element of something.
Example
Every facet of the project was carefully analyzed.
Cada faceta del proyecto fue cuidadosamente analizada.
C2 noun /pɜːrtʃt raɪs/

Perched rice

arroz inflado
Meaning
puffed rice; rice that has been heated and puffed into light, crispy grains
Example
I enjoy eating puffed rice as a healthy snack.
Disfruto comer arroz inflado como un bocadillo saludable.
C1 noun /ˈhaɪ.nəs/

Highness

Grandeza; título real
Meaning
a title given to a person of royal rank; the quality or state of being high or elevated
Example
Your Highness, the royal carriage is ready to take you to the state banquet this evening.
Su Grandeza, el carruaje real está listo para llevarlo al banquete estatal esta noche.
B2 verb əˈteɪnd

attained

alcanzado
Meaning
Succeeded in achieving (something that one desires and has worked for); reached a specified age, size, or amount.
Example
The region attained remarkable progress.
La región alcanzó un progreso notable.
C2 adjective /dɛˈspɒtɪk/

despotic

despótico
Meaning
exercising power in a cruel, oppressive, or authoritarian way
Example
The king’s despotic rule left the people in misery.
El reinado despótico del rey dejó a la gente en miseria.
A2 verb /kəˈnɛkt/

connect

conectar
Meaning
To join or fasten together; to establish a link or relationship.
Example
Social media helps us connect with others.
Las redes sociales nos ayudan a conectar con otros.
C1 verb /dɪsˈlɒdʒ/

dislodge

desalojar
Meaning
To remove or force out from a position, especially one that is fixed or hard to move.
Example
The troops dislodged the enemy from the hill.
Las tropas desalojaron al enemigo de la colina.
B1 noun /pɒnd/

Pond

estanque
Meaning
a small body of still water formed naturally or by artificial means
Example
The children fed the ducks at the pond in the park.
Los niños alimentaron a los patos en el estanque del parque.
C1 adjective /ˌdɪsɪnˈdʒɛnjʊəs/

disingenuous

falso
Meaning
not candid or sincere; giving a false appearance of honesty or openness
Example
She gave a disingenuous excuse for missing the meeting.
Ella dio una excusa falsa por no asistir a la reunión.
C2 adjective /rɪˈfjuː.tə.bəl/

Refutable

refutable
Meaning
capable of being proven wrong or false; able to be disproved
Example
His theory was refutable because it could be tested experimentally.
Su teoría era refutable porque podía ser probada experimentalmente.
C2 adjective /ˌprɛsɪˈdɛnʃəl/

precedential

precedente
Meaning
Relating to, or serving as, a precedent; having authority as an example.
Example
The court’s decision has precedential value.
La decisión del tribunal tiene un valor precedencial.
C2 adjective /ˌaɪ.kə.nəˈklæs.tɪk/

iconoclastic

caracterizado por atacar o rechazar creencias, tradiciones o valores establecidos
Meaning
Characterized by attacking or rejecting cherished beliefs, traditions, or established values.
Example
Her iconoclastic views challenged the conventional wisdom of the industry.
Sus puntos de vista iconoclásticos desafiaron la sabiduría convencional de la industria.
C1 noun /ˈdeɪˌbreɪk/

daybreak

alba
Meaning
The time in the morning when daylight first appears; dawn.
Example
They set out on their journey at daybreak.
Salieron en su viaje al amanecer.
C2 noun /ˈkwɔːrtoʊ/

quarto

libro de tamaño cuarto
Meaning
A book size resulting from folding each printed sheet into four leaves (eight pages).
Example
The library has rare Shakespeare quartos.
La biblioteca tiene raros cuartos de Shakespeare.
B1 adjective /ˈkɒn.stənt/

Constant

constante; invariable; fijo
Meaning
occurring continuously over a period of time; unchanging; steady
Example
The machine runs at a constant speed.
La máquina corre a una velocidad constante.
B2 noun /ˌmɪs.ʌn.dəˈstæn.dɪŋ/

Misunderstanding

malentendido
Meaning
A failure to understand something correctly; a disagreement or confusion between people
Example
The argument was caused by a simple misunderstanding.
La discusión fue causada por un simple malentendido.
C2 verb /ˈeksɪkreɪt/

execrate

despreciar
Meaning
To feel or express great loathing or hatred for something.
Example
The community execrated the corrupt politician.
La comunidad despreciaba al político corrupto.
C1 noun /səˈlɪn.ə.t̬i/

salinity

salinidad, concentración de sal
Meaning
The salt content of soil or water, typically measured as a concentration.
Example
The salinity of the ocean varies depending on depth and location.
La salinidad del océano varía dependiendo de la profundidad y la ubicación.
C1 noun ˈhɪn.drəns

hindrance

obstáculo
Meaning
Something that creates difficulties or delays in progress.
Example
Lack of funds was a major hindrance to the project.
La falta de fondos fue un obstáculo importante para el proyecto.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/

instantaneous

instantáneo
Meaning
Happening immediately, without any delay.
Example
The change in temperature was almost instantaneous.
El cambio de temperatura fue casi instantáneo.
C1 noun /mælˈpræktɪs/

Malpractice

mala praxis
Meaning
Improper, illegal, or negligent professional behavior
Example
The surgeon was sued for malpractice after the failed operation.
El cirujano fue demandado por mala praxis después de la operación fallida.
C2 noun /ˈfoʊ.nə.ɡræm/

phonogram

grafema fonético
Meaning
a written symbol representing a speech sound
Example
The teacher showed how each phonogram represents a particular sound.
El maestro mostró cómo cada fonograma representa un sonido particular.
C1 adjective /ˌbaɪˈlæt.ər.əl/

bilateral

bilateral
Meaning
An agreement or relationship between two parties that is mutual, two-sided, or reciprocal.
Example
The two countries signed a bilateral trade agreement.
Los dos países firmaron un acuerdo comercial bilateral.
B2 noun /broʊtʃ/

brooch

broche
Meaning
a decorative jewelry pin that is attached to clothing
Example
She wore a beautiful silver brooch on her jacket.
Llevó un hermoso broche de plata en su chaqueta.
C2 adjective /ˈædɪˌpoʊs/

adipose

adiposo
Meaning
Relating to or consisting of animal fat; fatty.
Example
The doctor explained that the tissue was mainly adipose in nature.
El doctor explicó que el tejido era principalmente adiposo en la naturaleza.
C1 noun /ˈmɒnəʊˌkʌltʃər/

monoculture

monocultura
Meaning
The agricultural practice of growing only one type of crop over a large area and for many consecutive years, which can lead to increased vulnerability to pests and diseases.
Example
Monoculture can lead to soil depletion and increased pest vulnerability.
La monocultura puede llevar a la desnutrición del suelo y aumentar la vulnerabilidad a las plagas.
A2 noun /ˈprɛzɪdənt/

president

presidente
Meaning
the elected head of a republican state
Example
The president addressed the nation last night.
El presidente dirigió la nación anoche.
C1 verb /ˈɛnərˌdʒaɪz/

energize

energizar
Meaning
To give energy or vitality to something or someone.
Example
The motivational speech helped energize the team.
El discurso motivacional ayudó a energizar al equipo.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpæsɪv/

impassive

impasible
Meaning
Not showing or feeling emotion; expressionless.
Example
Despite the shocking news, she remained impassive.
A pesar de las noticias impactantes, ella permaneció impasible.
B2 adjective ˈwaɪdspred

widespread

generalizado
Meaning
Found or distributed over a large area or number of people.
Example
The effects of climate change are widespread across the globe.
Los efectos del cambio climático son generalizados en todo el mundo.
B2 adjective /proʊn/

Prone

propenso
Meaning
having a tendency to; inclined; lying face down
Example
He is prone to making mistakes when he's tired.
Él es propenso a cometer errores cuando está cansado.
A2 noun /ˈɡʊdnəs/

goodness

bondad
Meaning
the quality of being morally good or virtuous
Example
Her goodness was evident in the way she treated others.
Su bondad era evidente en la forma en que trataba a los demás.
A1 noun /tʃiːz/

Cheese

queso
Meaning
a food made from the pressed curds of milk; used for photography to make people smile
Example
She added grated cheese to the pasta for extra flavor.
Ella añadió queso rallado a la pasta para darle más sabor.
C2 noun /ˌmɛtəmˌsaɪˈkoʊsɪs/

metempsychosis

reencarnación del alma
Meaning
The supposed transmigration of the soul, especially its reincarnation after death.
Example
Ancient philosophers often debated the idea of metempsychosis.
Los antiguos filósofos a menudo debatían sobre la reencarnación del alma.
C1 adjective /ˈskeɪðɪŋ/

scathing

crítica mordaz
Meaning
severely critical; harshly scornful
Example
The critic wrote a scathing review of the movie.
El crítico escribió una crítica mordaz de la película.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈmɒdəl/

remodel

remodelar
Meaning
To change the structure or form of something, especially a building.
Example
They decided to remodel their kitchen last summer.
Ellos decidieron remodelar su cocina el verano pasado.
B1 adjective ˈkrɪtɪkəl

critical

crítico
Meaning
Extremely important; at a point of crisis or urgency.
Example
Addressing critical issues in education is imperative.
Abordar los problemas críticos en la educación es imperativo.
C1 noun /ˈpæʃ.ən ˌflaʊ.ər/

Passion flower

flor de la pasión
Meaning
A climbing plant with intricate, colorful flowers; also refers to royal poinciana tree with red-orange blooms
Example
The passion flower vine covered the garden wall with beautiful blooms.
La vid de la flor de la pasión cubrió la pared del jardín con hermosas flores.
C1 verb /lʌl/

lull

adormecer
Meaning
to soothe or calm; to cause to sleep or rest
Example
The gentle music lulled the baby to sleep.
La música suave hizo dormir al bebé.
B1 noun /ˌɑk.jəˈpeɪ.ʃən/

Occupation

ocupación; profesión; toma de control
Meaning
a job or profession; the action of taking control of a place
Example
Teaching is her chosen occupation.
La enseñanza es su ocupación elegida.
B2 verb /ˌriːjuˈnaɪt/

reunite

reunir
Meaning
to bring together again after separation
Example
The family was reunited after many years.
La familia se reunió después de muchos años.
C2 verb /kəˈdʒoʊl/

cajole

engatusar
Meaning
To persuade someone to do something by flattery or gentle urging.
Example
She managed to cajole her friend into joining the trip.
Ella logró engatusar a su amiga para que se uniera al viaje.
C2 noun /draɪd ˈfɛnjʊˌɡriːk livz/

Dried Fenugreek Leaves

hojas secas de fenogreco
Meaning
dehydrated leaves of the fenugreek plant used as a herb in cooking
Example
Add dried fenugreek leaves to the curry for extra flavor.
Agregue hojas secas de fenogreco al curry para darle un sabor extra.
C1 adjective /kənˈɡrɛʃənl/

congressional

congresista
Meaning
relating to a congress, especially the US Congress
Example
The bill received strong congressional support.
El proyecto de ley recibió un fuerte apoyo congresista.
C1 adjective পারসিভেবল

perceivable

perceptible
Meaning
Able to be seen, noticed, or detected.
Example
The changes in winter weather are perceivable in rural areas.
Los cambios en el clima invernal son perceptibles en las áreas rurales.
C2 noun /ˈɪnsələns/

insolence

insolencia
Meaning
rude or disrespectful behavior
Example
The teacher was shocked by the student's insolence.
El maestro se sorprendió por la insolencia del estudiante.
B1 noun /hjuːˈmænɪti/

humanity

humanidad
Meaning
the quality of being human; kindness or compassion towards others; all human beings collectively
Example
Kindness is one of the greatest expressions of humanity.
La bondad es una de las expresiones más grandes de la humanidad.
C1 noun /fɑːrs/

farce

farsa
Meaning
a comic dramatic work using buffoonery and horseplay, or a ridiculous situation
Example
The meeting turned into a complete farce with everyone arguing.
La reunión se convirtió en una farsa completa con todos discutiendo.
B2 noun /ˈkɒnsənənt/

consonant

consonante
Meaning
A speech sound produced by blocking air flow, or a letter representing such a sound.
Example
The word 'cat' has two consonants and one vowel.
La palabra 'gato' tiene dos consonantes y una vocal.
A2 noun ˈsen.tərz

centers

centros
Meaning
The middle point of a circle or sphere, equidistant from every point on the circumference or surface; a place or group of buildings where a specified activity is concentrated.
Example
Centers drive regional development.
Los centros impulsan el desarrollo regional.
A1 noun /wel/

Well

pozo; bienestar;
Meaning
a deep hole in the ground from which water is obtained
Example
The villagers get water from the old well in the center of town.
Los aldeanos obtienen agua del viejo pozo en el centro del pueblo.
C2 noun /ˈvɜːrdɪɡriːs/

verdigris

cobertura verde o azulada
Meaning
A green or bluish deposit that forms on copper, brass, or bronze surfaces due to oxidation.
Example
The old statue was covered in verdigris after years of exposure to the rain.
La vieja estatua estaba cubierta de verdigris después de años de exposición a la lluvia.
B2 noun /ˈnɛtˌwɜːkɪŋ/

networking

redes sociales
Meaning
The action of establishing connections and relationships, especially for career or business purposes.
Example
Networking is important for career development.
Las redes sociales son importantes para el desarrollo profesional.
C2 adjective /ˈvoʊtɪv/

votive

dedicado
Meaning
Offered or dedicated in fulfillment of a vow.
Example
She lit a votive candle in the church as a prayer.
Ella encendió una vela votiva en la iglesia como una oración.
A2 noun /ˈswɛtər/

sweater

suéter
Meaning
a warm knitted piece of clothing worn on the upper body
Example
She wore a red sweater to keep warm in the cold weather.
Ella llevó un suéter rojo para mantenerse abrigada en el clima frío.
B2 adjective /sɔːr/

sore

dolorido
Meaning
painful or aching, usually in a specific part of the body
Example
After the long run, my legs were sore.
Después de la carrera larga, mis piernas estaban doloridas.
B2 adjective kəˈlɛktɪv

collective

colectivo
Meaning
Done by people acting as a group; shared by all members of a group.
Example
Victory Day represents our collective pride.
El Día de la Victoria representa nuestro orgullo colectivo.
C1 verb θwɔːt

thwart

frustrar
Meaning
Prevent (someone) from accomplishing something; oppose successfully.
Example
His efforts to thwart the proposal were unsuccessful.
Sus esfuerzos para frustrar la propuesta no tuvieron éxito.
A1 verb /seɪ/

say

decir
Meaning
to speak words; to express something in words
Example
She said hello to me.
Ella me dijo hola.
C2 adjective /ˈnaɪt.li/

Knightly

caballeroso; de caballero; noble y valiente
Meaning
having the characteristics of a knight; chivalrous; noble and brave
Example
He showed knightly courage in defending the innocent.
Él mostró coraje caballeroso al defender a los inocentes.
A2 adjective /streɪndʒ/

strange

extraño
Meaning
unusual or not normal
Example
It was strange to see him at the party after so long.
Era extraño verlo en la fiesta después de tanto tiempo.
C2 verb /ˈmiːliəˌreɪt/

meliorate

mejorar
Meaning
To make something better or improve a condition.
Example
The new policies aim to meliorate the living conditions of the poor.
Las nuevas políticas tienen como objetivo mejorar las condiciones de vida de los pobres.
A2 noun ˈprəʊ.ses

process

proceso
Meaning
A series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end.
Example
Recruitment involves a three-stage process.
El reclutamiento implica un proceso de tres etapas.
C1 noun /vəˈlɒs.ɪ.ti/

velocity

velocidad
Meaning
Speed or acceleration, the rate of movement of any object or vehicle.
Example
High velocity trains reduce travel time significantly.
Los trenes de alta velocidad reducen significativamente el tiempo de viaje.
B2 adjective /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/

striking

impactante
Meaning
very noticeable or impressive in appearance or effect
Example
Her striking beauty caught everyone's attention.
Su belleza impactante atrajo la atención de todos.
C2 noun /ˌlɪt.əˈrɑː.ti/

literati

literatos
Meaning
well-educated, literary, or scholarly people
Example
The event was attended by poets, critics, and other members of the literati.
El evento fue asistido por poetas, críticos y otros miembros de los literatos.
C2 noun /ˈhɔːrs.liːt͡ʃ/

Horse-leach

sanguijuela de caballo
Meaning
a large species of leech that was traditionally used in veterinary medicine
Example
The veterinarian explained that horse-leach was once commonly used to treat horses.
El veterinario explicó que la sanguijuela de caballo se usaba comúnmente en el tratamiento de caballos.
B1 adjective ɪˈfek.tɪv

effective

efectivo
Meaning
Successful in producing a desired or intended result; having the power to influence or produce a result.
Example
Effective policies drive organizational success.
Las políticas efectivas impulsan el éxito organizacional.
C2 noun /ˈæpəˌlɔːɡ/

apologue

cuento moral
Meaning
a short moral story or fable intended to teach a lesson
Example
The teacher used an old apologue to explain honesty to the children.
El maestro usó un viejo cuento moral para explicar la honestidad a los niños.
B2 verb /ˈwɪɡəl/

wiggle

moverse, agitarse
Meaning
To move or cause to move with small rapid movements from side to side.
Example
The baby wiggled happily in her mother's arms.
El bebé se movía felizmente en los brazos de su madre.
C2 noun /ˈdɛvɪlri/

devilry

diablura
Meaning
Wicked or cruel behavior; mischievous actions.
Example
The children were full of devilry on Halloween night.
Los niños estaban llenos de diablura en la noche de Halloween.
B2 noun /ˌsɛlf rɪˈspɛkt/

self-respect

autoestima
Meaning
A feeling of pride and confidence in oneself; self-worth.
Example
She refused to compromise her self-respect by accepting unfair treatment.
Ella se negó a comprometer su autoestima aceptando un trato injusto.
C1 adjective /ˈtɒp.məʊst/

Topmost

más alto; superior
Meaning
highest in position or rank
Example
The flag was placed on the topmost branch of the tree.
La bandera fue colocada en la rama más alta del árbol.
C2 adjective /ˈkɪŋ.ki/

Kinky

prácticas sexuales no convencionales; cabello rizado o en espiral
Meaning
having or involving unconventional sexual practices; having tight curls or bends
Example
His kinky hair made him look unique.
Su cabello rizado lo hizo ver único.
B2 noun /ˈhɑːrd.ʃɪp/

Hardship

dificultad, sufrimiento
Meaning
severe suffering or privation; difficulty or distress
Example
Despite facing many hardships during the war, the family remained united and hopeful.
A pesar de enfrentar muchas dificultades durante la guerra, la familia permaneció unida y esperanzada.
B2 noun pəˈspek.tɪvz

perspectives

perspectiva
Meaning
A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.
Example
New perspectives enhance understanding.
Nuevas perspectivas mejoran la comprensión.
B2 adjective /rɪˈsɔːrsfəl/

resourceful

Meaning
Having the ability to find quick and clever ways to overcome difficulties.
Example
She is very resourceful when it comes to solving unexpected problems.
C1 noun /ˈɑn.set/

Onset

inicio; comienzo
Meaning
the beginning or early stages of something; the start of a medical condition
Example
The onset of winter brought heavy snowfall.
El inicio del invierno trajo fuertes nevadas.
B1 verb /ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/

highlight

destacar
Meaning
to emphasize or make something stand out
Example
The teacher highlighted the most important points in the text.
El maestro destacó los puntos más importantes en el texto.
C1 verb /ˌɪntəˈsɛkt/

intersect

intersectar
Meaning
to cross or pass through each other
Example
The two roads intersect at the city center.
Los dos caminos se intersectan en el centro de la ciudad.
C2 adjective /bɒmˈbæstɪk/

bombastic

pomposo
Meaning
using pompous or inflated language with little meaning
Example
The professor’s bombastic lecture impressed no one.
La conferencia pomposa del profesor no impresionó a nadie.
B2 noun /ˈkɒm.ɪt/

Comet

cometa
Meaning
a celestial object consisting of ice and dust that develops a tail when approaching the sun
Example
Halley's Comet appears in the sky every 76 years.
El cometa de Halley aparece en el cielo cada 76 años.
C1 adjective /məˈnæstɪk/

monastic

monástico
Meaning
Relating to monks, monasteries, or a life of religious seclusion.
Example
He chose to live a monastic life away from the city.
Eligió vivir una vida monástica lejos de la ciudad.
C1 verb /ˈstriːmlaɪnɪŋ/

streamlining

simplificación
Meaning
The process of making an organization or system more efficient by simplifying or eliminating unnecessary steps
Example
Streamlining processes can significantly reduce operational costs.
La simplificación de procesos puede reducir significativamente los costos operacionales.
A1 adjective /taɪəd/

Tired

cansado
Meaning
feeling exhausted; in need of sleep or rest
Example
I am too tired to continue working.
Estoy demasiado cansado para seguir trabajando.
C2 noun /proʊˈskrɪp.ʃən/

proscription

prohibición
Meaning
the act of forbidding something, especially by law
Example
The proscription of child labor is an important human rights achievement.
La prohibición del trabajo infantil es un logro importante de los derechos humanos.
C2 verb /ˈtɪtəleɪt/

titillate

excitar
Meaning
To excite or amuse, especially in a slightly sexual or playful way.
Example
The comedian's jokes titillated the audience.
Los chistes del comediante excitaban a la audiencia.
C1 adjective /smʌɡ/

smug

presumido
Meaning
having or showing an excessive pride in oneself or one's achievements
Example
He wore a smug smile after winning the debate.
Llevaba una sonrisa presuntuosa después de ganar el debate.
C2 noun /pəˈruːzl/

perusal

lectura cuidadosa
Meaning
The action of reading or examining something carefully.
Example
The contract was given to the lawyer for perusal.
El contrato fue dado al abogado para su lectura cuidadosa.
C1 noun ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm ˈsɜːvɪsɪz

ecosystem services

servicios ecosistémicos
Meaning
The benefits people obtain from ecosystems.
Example
Forests provide valuable ecosystem services, such as purifying air and water.
Los bosques proporcionan valiosos servicios ecosistémicos, como la purificación del aire y el agua.
C1 noun /ˈbaɪ.lɔː/

by-law

reglamento
Meaning
A rule made by a company, organization, or local authority to control the actions of its members.
Example
The city council passed a new by-law regulating street vendors.
El consejo de la ciudad aprobó una nueva ordenanza para regular a los vendedores ambulantes.
C1 noun /ˈmæroʊ/

Marrow

médula ósea
Meaning
A soft fatty substance in the cavities of bones; the essence of something
Example
The bone marrow produces blood cells in the human body.
La médula ósea produce células sanguíneas en el cuerpo humano.
B2 adjective /ˈveɪ.kənt/

Vacant

vacío; no ocupado; disponible
Meaning
empty; not occupied; available
Example
There is a vacant apartment on the second floor.
Hay un apartamento vacío en el segundo piso.
A1 noun ˈfjuː.tʃər

future

futuro
Meaning
The time or a period of time following the moment of speaking or writing; time regarded as still to come.
Example
Future projects depend on strategic planning.
Los proyectos futuros dependen de la planificación estratégica.
C2 noun /ˈklɪpər/

clipper

cortapelos / barco veloz del siglo XIX
Meaning
a tool used for cutting, or a fast sailing ship of the 19th century
Example
The barber used clippers to trim his hair.
El barbero usó la máquina para cortar su cabello.
C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrməns/

conformance

conformidad
Meaning
The act of conforming to a rule, standard, or law.
Example
The product was tested for conformance with safety standards.
El producto fue probado para su conformidad con los estándares de seguridad.
C1 noun/verb /pɔːr/

pore

poros / estudiar cuidadosamente
Meaning
As a noun: a tiny opening in the skin or surface. As a verb: to study something carefully.
Example
She pored over the documents for hours before making a decision.
Ella estudió los documentos durante horas antes de tomar una decisión.
C1 adjective /ˈen.vi.ə.bəl/

Enviable

envidiable
Meaning
causing envy; desirable
Example
Her success was enviable among her peers.
Su éxito era envidiable entre sus compañeros.
C2 noun /ˈfoʊksl/

forecastle

castillo de proa
Meaning
The forward part of a ship below the deck, traditionally used as living quarters for the crew.
Example
The sailors gathered in the forecastle after their shift.
Los marineros se reunieron en el castillo de proa después de su turno.
B1 verb /pɑːrˈtɪsɪpeɪt/

participate

participar
Meaning
to take part in or become involved in an activity
Example
Students are encouraged to participate in extracurricular activities.
Se anima a los estudiantes a participar en actividades extracurriculares.
B2 verb /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

lying

mentir
Meaning
the act of not telling the truth
Example
He was caught lying about his grades.
Lo atraparon mintiendo sobre sus calificaciones.
B2 noun ˌreɪdɪˈeɪʃən

radiation

radiación
Meaning
The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles.
Example
Radiation from the sun can be harmful without protection.
La radiación del sol puede ser perjudicial sin protección.
B1 adjective /feɪld/

failed

fallido
Meaning
not successful in achieving a desired result
Example
The project failed to meet the expectations.
El proyecto no logró cumplir con las expectativas.
A2 noun /toʊ/

Toe

dedo del pie
Meaning
any of the five digits at the end of the human foot
Example
She stubbed her toe on the chair leg.
Ella se golpeó el dedo del pie con la pata de la silla.
B2 adjective /ˈwɜːrði/

Worthy

digno; merecedor; respetable;
Meaning
deserving respect or attention; having merit
Example
Her charitable work made her worthy of the humanitarian award.
Su trabajo caritativo la hizo digna del premio humanitario.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈbraɪdld/

unbridled

desenfrenado
Meaning
Uncontrolled and unrestrained.
Example
The protesters showed unbridled enthusiasm for change.
Los manifestantes mostraron entusiasmo desenfrenado por el cambio.
A2 adverb /ˈpɒs.ə.bli/

Possibly

posiblemente; tal vez;
Meaning
perhaps; maybe; it may be the case that
Example
It will possibly rain tomorrow.
Posiblemente llueva mañana.
B2 verb /ˈɪmɪɡreɪt/

immigrate

inmigrar
Meaning
to come to live permanently in a foreign country
Example
He immigrated to Canada five years ago.
Él inmigró a Canadá hace cinco años.
C1 noun /ˈvɪdʒ.ɪ.ləns/

vigilance

vigilancia
Meaning
The action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.
Example
Constant vigilance is required in cybersecurity.
Se requiere vigilancia constante en ciberseguridad.
C2 noun /ˈθrɛnədi/

threnody

canto fúnebre, elegía
Meaning
A song, poem, or speech of mourning for someone who has died; a lament.
Example
The poet composed a moving threnody for the fallen soldiers.
El poeta compuso una conmovedora elegía para los soldados caídos.
B1 adjective /ədˈvɛnʧərəs/

adventurous

aventurero
Meaning
Willing to take risks or try out new methods, ideas, or experiences.
Example
They participated in adventurous activities like kayaking and hiking.
Ellos participaron en actividades aventureras como el kayak y el senderismo.
C1 noun /ˈmɒdɪfaɪər/

modifier

modificador
Meaning
a word or element that changes, limits, or describes the meaning of another word; something that alters or adjusts
Example
In the phrase 'very cold', 'very' is a modifier of 'cold'.
En la frase «very cold», «very» es un modificador de «cold».
B1 noun /kjuː/

Queue

columna; fila
Meaning
a line of people or things waiting for something; a sequence
Example
We had to wait in a long queue to buy tickets for the movie.
Tuvimos que esperar en una larga fila para comprar los boletos para la película.
B1 noun /flæʃ/

Flash

destello; resplandor
Meaning
a sudden brief burst of bright light; a very brief moment
Example
There was a bright flash of lightning followed by thunder.
Hubo un destello brillante de relámpago seguido de un trueno.
C2 noun /ˈfɔːrˌnɑːlɪdʒ/

foreknowledge

preconocimiento
Meaning
Awareness of something before it happens or exists.
Example
The prophet claimed to have foreknowledge of the event.
El profeta afirmó tener preconocimiento del evento.
B2 noun /ˈtroʊfi/

trophy

trofeo
Meaning
An object awarded as a prize for a victory or achievement.
Example
She proudly displayed the trophy she won in the competition.
Ella mostró con orgullo el trofeo que ganó en la competencia.
B2 noun /koʊl/

coal

carbón
Meaning
a black or dark brown rock used as fuel, formed from decomposed plant matter
Example
The factory still uses coal as its main source of energy.
La fábrica aún usa carbón como su principal fuente de energía.
B1 noun /kənˈstrʌk.ʃən/

construction

construcción
Meaning
The building of something, typically a large structure.
Example
Construction dust significantly contributes to pollution.
El polvo de construcción contribuye significativamente a la contaminación.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfɜːm/

infirm

débil
Meaning
Weak, especially due to old age or illness.
Example
The infirm old man needed assistance to walk.
El anciano débil necesitaba ayuda para caminar.
C1 verb /loʊð/

loathe

detestar
Meaning
to feel intense dislike or disgust for
Example
He absolutely loathes being late to meetings.
Él odia llegar tarde a las reuniones.