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C1 verb /ɪnˈtrɛntʃ/

entrench

afianzar
Meaning
To establish something so firmly that it is difficult to change.
Example
The company entrenched its position in the market through innovation.
La empresa afianzó su posición en el mercado a través de la innovación.
C1 noun /ˈɛspiənɑːʒ/

espionage

espionaje
Meaning
The practice of spying or using spies to gather secret information, usually for political or military purposes.
Example
The agent was arrested on charges of espionage against the state.
El agente fue arrestado por cargos de espionaje contra el estado.
C1 adjective /ˌɛnɪɡˈmætɪk/

enigmatic

enigmático
Meaning
mysterious and difficult to interpret or understand
Example
He gave me an enigmatic smile.
Él me dio una sonrisa enigmática.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɔːr.bɪ.tənt/

exorbitant

exorbitante
Meaning
Unreasonably high in price or cost; excessive.
Example
The hotel charged an exorbitant price for a basic room.
El hotel cobró un precio exorbitante por una habitación básica.
C1 noun /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

euthanasia

muerte asistida
Meaning
The practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering.
Example
The debate about euthanasia raises difficult ethical questions.
El debate sobre la eutanasia plantea preguntas éticas difíciles.
C1 noun ɪnˌvaɪ.rənˈmen.təl ˌtræns.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən

environmental transformation

transformación ambiental
Meaning
A significant change in environmental conditions or ecological systems.
Example
The city demonstrates environmental transformation.
La ciudad demuestra transformación ambiental.
C1 noun /ɪmˈbɑː.ɡoʊ/

embargo

embargo comercial
Meaning
A trade ban, restriction, or prohibition imposed by a government or international organization on a country.
Example
The UN imposed an embargo on arms exports.
La ONU impuso un embargo a las exportaciones de armas.
C1 noun /ɪɡˈzɜːr.ʃən/

exertion

esfuerzo físico o mental
Meaning
Using energy or effort to achieve something.
Example
Excessive exertion can lead to fatigue and burnout.
El exceso de exertión puede llevar a la fatiga y al agotamiento.
C1 verb ɪɡˈzæsərbeɪt

exacerbate

agravar
Meaning
To make a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse.
Example
Climate change exacerbates flooding issues.
El cambio climático agrava los problemas de inundación.
C1 noun /ɪkˌsperɪˈmɛnteɪʃən/

experimentation

experimentación
Meaning
The process of performing a scientific procedure to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
Example
Experimentation leads to groundbreaking products.
La experimentación conduce a productos innovadores.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtaɪs/

entice

atraer
Meaning
to attract or tempt someone by offering something appealing
Example
The advertisement was designed to entice customers into the store.
El anuncio fue diseñado para atraer a los clientes a la tienda.
C1 noun /ˈɛləkwəns/

eloquence

elocuencia
Meaning
Fluent or persuasive speaking or writing.
Example
His eloquence in speech won him great respect.
Su elocuencia en el discurso le ganó mucho respeto.
C1 noun ˌes.kəˈleɪ.ʃən

escalation

aumento rápido; un alza.
Meaning
A rapid increase; a rise.
Example
The escalation of production costs impacts profitability.
La escalada de los costos de producción impacta la rentabilidad.
C1 adjective /ˌɛk.spəˈnɛn.ʃəl/

exponential

crecimiento rápido o expansión a un ritmo creciente
Meaning
Rapid growth or expansion at an increasing rate
Example
Technology is advancing at an exponential rate.
La tecnología está avanzando a un ritmo exponencial.
C1 verb /ɪnˈʃraɪn/

enshrine

preservar o valorar algo como sagrado o importante
Meaning
to preserve or cherish something as sacred or important
Example
The constitution enshrines the right to freedom of speech.
La constitución consagra el derecho a la libertad de expresión.
C1 noun /ˈɒntreɪ/ (UK), /ˈɑːntreɪ/ (US)

entree

plato principal
Meaning
The main course of a meal (US); the right to enter or access (formal).
Example
The restaurant’s signature steak was served as the main entree.
El filete característico del restaurante se sirvió como plato principal.
C1 noun ˈeʃ.ə.lɒn

echelon

nivel, rango, jerarquía
Meaning
A level or rank in an organization, a profession, or society.
Example
He climbed to the upper echelon of the corporate world.
Él ascendió al nivel más alto del mundo corporativo.
C1 noun /ˈen.mə.ti/

Enmity

enemistad
Meaning
a state or feeling of active opposition or hostility
Example
The enmity between the two families lasted for generations.
La enemistad entre las dos familias duró generaciones.
C1 noun /ˈɛpɪˌlɔːɡ/

epilogue

epílogo
Meaning
A section at the end of a book, play, or speech that serves as a conclusion.
Example
The author included an epilogue to explain what happened to the characters later.
El autor incluyó un epílogo para explicar lo que sucedió con los personajes después.
C1 adjective /ɪˈluːsɪv/

elusive

difícil de encontrar
Meaning
Difficult to find, catch, or achieve; hard to understand or define.
Example
The solution to the problem proved elusive.
La solución al problema resultó difícil de encontrar.
C1 noun /ˈɛdɪfɪs/

edifice

edificio
Meaning
A large, impressive building or structure.
Example
The museum is an impressive edifice in the city center.
El museo es un impresionante edificio en el centro de la ciudad.
C1 adjective /ɪˈɡriːdʒəs/

egregious

atroz
Meaning
Outstandingly bad; shocking.
Example
The company was fined for its egregious safety violations.
La empresa fue multada por sus atroces violaciones de seguridad.
C1 verb ɪɡˈzɛm.plɪ.faɪ

exemplify

ejemplificar
Meaning
To be a typical example of or to illustrate something clearly, to show as an example or demonstrate.
Example
His dedication exemplifies true leadership.
Su dedicación ejemplifica el verdadero liderazgo.
C1 adjective /ˌɛm.briˈɒn.ɪk/

embryonic

embrionario
Meaning
in an early or undeveloped stage; relating to an embryo
Example
The project is still in its embryonic stage.
El proyecto aún está en su etapa embrionaria.
C1 adjective /ɪˈstreɪndʒd/

estranged

distante
Meaning
no longer close or affectionate with someone; alienated
Example
She felt estranged from her family after the long dispute.
Ella se sintió distante de su familia después de la larga disputa.
C1 noun /ˈɛksədəs/

exodus

éxodo
Meaning
A mass departure of people from a place.
Example
There was a sudden exodus of workers after the strike began.
Hubo un éxodo repentino de trabajadores después de que comenzara la huelga.
C1 verb /ɪɡˈzuːd/

exude

exudar
Meaning
to display a quality strongly and openly; to release a liquid or smell slowly
Example
He exudes confidence whenever he speaks in public.
Él exuda confianza cada vez que habla en público.
C1 verb /ɪɡˈzɒnəreɪt/

exonerate

exonerar
Meaning
To clear someone from blame or accusation.
Example
The court exonerated her from all charges.
El tribunal la exoneró de todos los cargos.
C1 adverb /ˈiːstwədz/

Eastwards

hacia el este
Meaning
towards the east; in an eastern direction
Example
The river flows eastwards into the ocean.
El río fluye hacia el este hacia el océano.
C1 noun/adjective /ɪˈliːtɪst/

elitist

elitista
Meaning
A person who believes that a society should be led by an elite; showing preference for a privileged class.
Example
His elitist attitude made him unpopular among his peers.
Su actitud elitista lo hizo impopular entre sus compañeros.
C1 adverb ˌekspəˈnenʃəli

exponentially

exponencialmente
Meaning
At a rapidly increasing rate; growing or expanding very quickly and intensely.
Example
Internet adoption is growing exponentially worldwide.
La adopción de Internet está creciendo exponencialmente en todo el mundo.
C1 noun /ˌɛksɪˈkjuːʃənər/

executioner

verdugo
Meaning
A person who carries out a death sentence by execution.
Example
The executioner prepared the gallows for the condemned prisoner.
El verdugo preparó la horca para el prisionero condenado.
C1 noun /ɪkˈspʌlʃən/

expulsion

expulsión
Meaning
The act of forcing someone to leave a place, especially a school or country.
Example
His constant misbehavior led to his expulsion from school.
Su comportamiento constante llevó a su expulsión de la escuela.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːrθ.li/

Earthly

terrenal; mundano; material
Meaning
relating to the earth or human life; worldly; material rather than spiritual
Example
He focused on earthly pleasures rather than spiritual growth.
Se centró en los placeres terrenales en lugar del crecimiento espiritual.
C1 noun /ɪˈlɛk.trəʊ.laɪts/

electrolytes

electrolitos
Meaning
Minerals in body fluids that carry an electric charge and are essential for many bodily functions.
Example
Electrolytes help maintain proper fluid balance in the body.
Los electrolitos ayudan a mantener el equilibrio adecuado de líquidos en el cuerpo.
C1 noun /ˈiː.zi tʃeər/

Easy-chair

sillón reclinable
Meaning
a comfortable chair with arms and a back that reclines
Example
He relaxed in his favorite easy-chair after work.
Se relajó en su sillón favorito después del trabajo.
C1 noun /ɛnˈdɔːr.fɪnz/

endorphins

endorfina
Meaning
Chemical compounds produced by the brain that reduce pain and create feelings of happiness.
Example
Exercise releases endorphins, reducing stress and pain.
El ejercicio libera endorfinas, reduciendo el estrés y el dolor.
C1 noun /ɪˈleɪʃən/

elation

éxtasis
Meaning
A feeling of great happiness and excitement.
Example
His elation was evident after winning the championship.
Su éxtasis era evidente después de ganar el campeonato.
C1 noun /ˈɛstjʊəri/

estuary

estuario
Meaning
the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream
Example
The city is located near the estuary of the river.
La ciudad está ubicada cerca del estuario del río.
C1 noun /ˈiːdɪkt/

edict

edicto
Meaning
An official order, proclamation, or decree issued by an authority.
Example
The king issued an edict banning smoking in public places.
El rey emitió un edicto prohibiendo fumar en lugares públicos.
C1 noun /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈniː/

Examinee

examinado
Meaning
a person who is being tested in an examination
Example
Each examinee was given two hours to complete the test.
Cada examinado recibió dos horas para completar la prueba.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtæŋɡəl/

entangle

enredar
Meaning
to become twisted together or caught in something; to involve in difficulties
Example
The fish got entangled in the net.
El pez se enredó en la red.
C1 adjective ˈek.wɪ.tə.bəl

equitable

equitativo
Meaning
Fair and impartial
Example
Equitable AI ensures fairness in technology use.
La IA equitativa asegura la justicia en el uso de la tecnología.
C1 noun /ˈiːkwɪnɒks/

equinox

equilibrio entre el día y la noche
Meaning
The time or date when day and night are of equal length, occurring twice a year.
Example
The spring equinox marks the beginning of longer days.
El equinoccio de primavera marca el comienzo de los días más largos.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzæktɪŋ/

exacting

exigente
Meaning
demanding a lot of effort, attention, or precision
Example
She is known for her exacting standards in design.
Es conocida por sus exigentes estándares en el diseño.
C1 verb /ɪˈmænsɪpeɪt/

emancipate

emancipar
Meaning
to set someone free from legal, social, or political restrictions; to liberate from slavery or oppression
Example
The law was designed to emancipate slaves and grant them full citizenship.
La ley fue diseñada para emancipar a los esclavos y otorgarles plena ciudadanía.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdɪrmənt/

endearment

palabra cariñosa
Meaning
A word or phrase expressing affection or love.
Example
She whispered a gentle endearment to her child.
Ella susurró una palabra cariñosa a su hijo.
C1 verb /ɪmˈbɛl.ɪʃ/

embellish

adornar
Meaning
To make something more attractive by adding decorative details or exaggerating.
Example
He tends to embellish stories to make them more interesting.
Tiende a adornar las historias para hacerlas más interesantes.
C1 noun /ˈɒntʊrɑːʒ/

entourage

séquito
Meaning
A group of people attending or surrounding an important person.
Example
The celebrity arrived with her entourage of assistants and bodyguards.
La celebridad llegó con su séquito de asistentes y guardaespaldas.
C1 noun /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk dɪˈspær.ɪ.ti/

Economic Disparity

disparidad económica
Meaning
The unequal distribution of income and opportunity between different groups in society.
Example
Addressing economic disparity is crucial for social stability.
Abordar la disparidad económica es crucial para la estabilidad social.
C1 noun ɪˌræd.ɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

eradication

erradicación
Meaning
The complete destruction or elimination of something unwanted.
Example
Carbon eradication is a key goal of the project.
La erradicación del carbono es una meta clave del proyecto.
C1 verb /ˈɛkskəˌveɪt/

excavate

felicidad
Meaning
to dig out or remove earth carefully, often for building or archaeological purposes
Example
The workers excavated the site to prepare for construction.
No pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 verb /ˈɛm.ə.neɪt/

emanate

emanar
Meaning
To come out or spread from a source.
Example
A sweet fragrance emanated from the garden.
Una dulce fragancia emanó del jardín.
C1 noun ɪnˈdaʊmənt

endowment

donación, legado
Meaning
An income or form of property given or bequeathed to someone.
Example
The university received a large endowment for research.
La universidad recibió una gran donación para la investigación.
C1 noun /ɪˈnɪɡ.mə/

enigma

enigma
Meaning
A person or thing that is mysterious, puzzling, or difficult to understand.
Example
Life remains an enigma to many.
La vida sigue siendo un enigma para muchos.
C1 noun /ɪnˈtaɪərəti/

entirety

entereza
Meaning
the whole of something; the complete form
Example
He watched the movie in its entirety.
Vio la película en su totalidad.
C1 noun /ˌiː.kwɪˈlɪb.ri.əm/

equilibrium

equilibrio
Meaning
A state of physical balance or stability in physical, mental, or economic conditions.
Example
The market reached an equilibrium between supply and demand.
El mercado alcanzó un equilibrio entre la oferta y la demanda.
C1 noun ɪˈveɪ.ʒən

evasion

evasión
Meaning
The practice of avoiding or escaping from something, especially responsibility or duty.
Example
His evasion of responsibilities frustrated his colleagues.
Su evasión de responsabilidades frustró a sus colegas.
C1 noun /ˈiː.dən/

Eden

Edén
Meaning
a place or state of great happiness; paradise
Example
The garden was like Eden, filled with beautiful flowers and peaceful atmosphere.
El jardín era como el Edén, lleno de hermosas flores y una atmósfera tranquila.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmɜːrdʒənt/

emergent

emergente
Meaning
just coming into existence or becoming prominent
Example
The emergent startup quickly attracted investors.
La startup emergente rápidamente atrajo inversionistas.
C1 adjective ɪˌɡæl.ɪˈteə.ri.ən

egalitarian

igualitario
Meaning
Believing in or based on the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.
Example
The new law promotes an egalitarian society.
La nueva ley promueve una sociedad igualitaria.
C1 noun /ɪkˈstrɛmɪti/

extremity

extremidad
Meaning
The farthest point or limit of something; a severe or extreme condition.
Example
He was pushed to the extremity of his patience.
Él fue empujado hasta el extremo de su paciencia.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈskruːʃieɪtɪŋ/

excruciating

excruciante
Meaning
causing extreme physical or mental pain
Example
She was in excruciating pain after the accident.
Ella estaba en dolor insoportable después del accidente.
C1 noun /ˈef.ɪ.dʒi/

Effigy

efigie; figura de protesta
Meaning
a sculpture or model of a person, especially one made as a protest
Example
The protesters burned an effigy of the corrupt politician in the square.
Los manifestantes quemaron una efigie del político corrupto en la plaza.
C1 adjective /ɪˌlɪzəˈbiːθən/

elizabethan

era isabelina
Meaning
Relating to the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England (1558–1603), especially the style of that period.
Example
Shakespeare wrote many of his plays during the Elizabethan era.
Shakespeare escribió muchas de sus obras durante la era isabelina.
C1 noun ɪkˌstræp.əˈleɪ.ʃən

extrapolation

extrapolación
Meaning
The action of estimating or concluding something by assuming that existing trends will continue.
Example
His extrapolation of market trends helped in financial planning.
Su extrapolación de las tendencias del mercado ayudó en la planificación financiera.
C1 noun /ɪkˈspɛktənsi/

expectancy

expectativa
Meaning
the state of expecting something; anticipation or likelihood
Example
There was a sense of expectancy in the room before the results were announced.
Había un sentido de expectación en la sala antes de que se anunciaran los resultados.
C1 verb /ɪmˈbrɔɪdər/

embroider

bordar
Meaning
to decorate fabric with patterns using a needle and thread
Example
She embroidered flowers on the pillowcase.
Ella bordó flores en la funda de almohada.
C1 noun /juːˈfɔː.ri.ə/

euphoria

euforia, alegría extrema, éxtasis
Meaning
A feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness; elation.
Example
Winning the championship brought a sense of euphoria.
Ganar el campeonato le dio una sensación de euforia.
C1 noun /ɪkˈspæns/

expanse

extensa área
Meaning
a wide, open area of land, sea, or sky
Example
The desert is a vast expanse of sand and rock.
El desierto es una vasta extensión de arena y roca.
C1 noun /ɪɡˌzɪl.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

exhilaration

exaltación o felicidad
Meaning
A feeling of excitement, happiness, or elation.
Example
The feeling of exhilaration after a roller-coaster ride is amazing.
La sensación de exhilaración después de una montaña rusa es increíble.
C1 noun ˈɛksəʊˌplænɪt

exoplanet

un planeta que orbita una estrella fuera del sistema solar
Meaning
A planet that orbits a star outside the solar system.
Example
Astronomers have discovered thousands of exoplanets in the last decade.
Los astrónomos han descubierto miles de exoplanetas en la última década.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdjʊər.ə.bəl/

Endurable

soportable
Meaning
able to be endured; bearable; tolerable
Example
The pain was endurable with proper medication.
El dolor era soportable con la medicación adecuada.
C1 noun /ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃən/

elevation

elevación
Meaning
The act of raising something to a higher position or level.
Example
The hikers reached a high elevation after hours of climbing.
Los excursionistas llegaron a una alta elevación después de horas de escalada.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈspænsɪv/

expansive

expansivo
Meaning
covering a wide area or having a wide range of ideas or emotions
Example
They enjoyed the expansive view from the hilltop.
Disfrutaron de la vista expansiva desde la cima de la colina.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmeɪʃieɪtɪd/

emaciated

demacrado
Meaning
Abnormally thin or weak, usually due to illness or lack of food.
Example
The emaciated dog was rescued from the abandoned house.
El perro demacrado fue rescatado de la casa abandonada.
C1 noun /ɪkˈstriː.mɪst/

Extremist

extremista
Meaning
a person who holds extreme political or religious views
Example
The government is taking measures to prevent extremist activities.
El gobierno está tomando medidas para prevenir actividades extremistas.
C1 adjective /ˌɛpɪˈsɒdɪk/

episodic

episódico
Meaning
Happening occasionally or in separate parts; related to episodes.
Example
Her interest in art was episodic, coming and going over the years.
Su interés por el arte era episódico, viniendo y yendo a lo largo de los años.
C1 noun /ˈɜːrθənˌwɛr/

earthenware

cerámica
Meaning
pottery made of clay and hardened by heat
Example
The shop displayed beautiful earthenware pots and bowls.
La tienda exhibió hermosas ollas y tazones de cerámica.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈsplɔɪtətɪv/

exploitative

explotador
Meaning
making use of a situation or people unfairly and unethically for one's own advantage
Example
The workers protested against the exploitative practices of the factory.
Los trabajadores protestaron contra las prácticas explotadoras de la fábrica.
C1 noun /ɪˌmæn.sɪˈpeɪ.ʃən/

Emancipation

emancipación
Meaning
the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions
Example
The emancipation of slaves was a significant moment in American history.
La emancipación de los esclavos fue un momento significativo en la historia de América.
C1 noun /ˈek.saɪl/

Exile

exilio
Meaning
the state of being barred from one's native country; enforced removal from one's homeland
Example
The political leader was forced into exile after the military coup.
El líder político fue forzado al exilio después del golpe militar.
C1 noun /eb/

Ebb

reflujo; bajamar
Meaning
the receding tide; a gradual decline or reduction
Example
The fishermen waited for the ebb before returning to shore.
Los pescadores esperaron el reflujo antes de regresar a la orilla.
C1 adjective /ɪˈkwɛstriən/

equestrian

equitación
Meaning
Relating to horse riding or horseback riders.
Example
She won several equestrian competitions.
Ella ganó varias competiciones ecuestres.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdɪr/

endear

hacer que alguien sea querido
Meaning
To cause someone to be loved or liked.
Example
Her kindness and generosity endeared her to the community.
Su amabilidad y generosidad la hicieron querida por la comunidad.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɡreɪnd/

engrained

firmemente establecido, difícil de cambiar
Meaning
Firmly fixed or established; difficult to change.
Example
Cultural practices are often deeply engrained in the fabric of society.
Las prácticas culturales a menudo están profundamente arraigadas en el tejido de la sociedad.
C1 noun ɪˌlæˈstɪs.ə.ti

elasticity

elasticidad
Meaning
The responsiveness of demand or supply to changes in price.
Example
The elasticity of demand for luxury goods is high.
La elasticidad de la demanda de bienes de lujo es alta.
C1 verb /ˈɛkstrɪkeɪt/

extricate

liberar
Meaning
To free someone or something from a constraint or difficulty.
Example
The firefighters extricated the passengers from the wrecked car.
Los bomberos extricaron a los pasajeros del coche destrozado.
C1 verb ɪˈræd.ɪ.keɪt

eradicate

erradicar
Meaning
To destroy completely; to put an end to something undesirable.
Example
Vaccination programs help eradicate infectious diseases.
Los programas de vacunación ayudan a erradicar las enfermedades infecciosas.
C1 adjective + noun এক্সেসিভ স্ট্রেইন

excessive strain

estrés excesivo
Meaning
An amount of physical pressure or stress that is more than what is normal or acceptable.
Example
Excessive strain on fingers can cause musculoskeletal issues.
El estrés excesivo en los dedos puede causar problemas musculoesqueléticos.
C1 verb /iːk/

eke

hacer durar
Meaning
to make a small amount of something last longer by using it sparingly
Example
The family tried to eke out their savings during the tough months.
La familia intentó hacer durar sus ahorros durante los meses difíciles.
C1 verb /ɪˈroʊd/

erode

erosionar
Meaning
to gradually wear away or destroy by natural forces such as water, wind, or chemical action
Example
The coastline has begun to erode due to constant waves.
La línea costera ha comenzado a erosionarse debido a las olas constantes.
C1 adjective ɪɡˈzɛmpləri

exemplary

ejemplar
Meaning
Serving as a desirable model; representing the best of its kind.
Example
She was praised for her exemplary work ethic and dedication.
Fue elogiada por su ética de trabajo ejemplar y dedicación.
C1 verb /ˈiːvzdrɒp/

eavesdrop

escuchar a escondidas
Meaning
to secretly listen to a conversation
Example
She stood near the door to eavesdrop on their conversation.
Ella estaba cerca de la puerta para escuchar a escondidas su conversación.
C1 verb /ɪnˈreɪdʒ/

enrage

enfurecer
Meaning
To make someone extremely angry.
Example
His unfair remarks enraged the audience.
Sus comentarios injustos enfurecieron a la audiencia.
C1 adjective /ɪˈleɪtɪd/

elated

extremadamente feliz
Meaning
Extremely happy and excited.
Example
She was elated when she heard the good news.
Estaba extremadamente feliz cuando escuchó las buenas noticias.
C1 verb /ˈɛm.jʊˌleɪt/

emulate

imitar
Meaning
to imitate someone or something with the intent to equal or surpass
Example
Young athletes often emulate their idols.
Los jóvenes atletas a menudo imitan a sus ídolos.
C1 verb /ˈiːkwəlaɪz/

equalize

igualar
Meaning
To make equal or level in status, value, or amount.
Example
The team equalized the score in the last minute.
El equipo igualó el marcador en el último minuto.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈlaɪ.tənd/

Enlightened

iluminado; esclarecido; sabio;
Meaning
having or showing a rational, modern outlook; having spiritual knowledge or understanding
Example
The enlightened teacher shared wisdom with all her students.
El maestro iluminado compartió sabiduría con todos sus estudiantes.
C1 adjective ɪmˈpɪr.ɪ.kəl

empirical

empírico o basado en la experiencia
Meaning
Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.
Example
Scientific research relies on empirical evidence.
La investigación científica depende de la evidencia empírica.
C1 verb /ˈɛkstrəˌdaɪt/

extradite

extraditar
Meaning
to hand over a person accused or convicted of a crime to another country or state
Example
The government agreed to extradite the fugitive to his home country.
El gobierno acordó extraditar al fugitivo a su país de origen.
C1 noun /ˈiːɡoʊˌɪzəm/

egoism

egoísmo
Meaning
An ethical theory that treats self-interest as the foundation of morality; also, excessive preoccupation with oneself.
Example
His decisions were often driven by egoism rather than concern for others.
Sus decisiones a menudo eran impulsadas por el egoísmo en lugar de por la preocupación por los demás.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

excusable

excusable
Meaning
Able to be forgiven or justified.
Example
Her mistake was excusable given the circumstances.
Su error era excusable dadas las circunstancias.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪd/

exhilarated

exaltado
Meaning
feeling very happy, animated, or elated
Example
She felt exhilarated after finishing the marathon.
Ella se sintió exaltada después de terminar el maratón.
C1 verb ˈɛk.spɪ.daɪt

expedite

acelerar
Meaning
Make an action or process happen sooner or be accomplished more quickly.
Example
The government took steps to expedite the approval process.
El gobierno tomó medidas para acelerar el proceso de aprobación.
C1 noun /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃmənt/

encroachment

intrusión
Meaning
the act of gradually intruding or taking over someone’s rights, land, or space
Example
The villagers protested against the encroachment on their farmland.
Los aldeanos protestaron contra la intrusión en sus tierras agrícolas.
C1 verb /ɪnˈsɜːrkəl/

encircle

rodear
Meaning
to form a circle around something
Example
The protesters encircled the building in a human chain.
Los manifestantes rodearon el edificio en una cadena humana.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːr.nɪst/

Earnest

serio; genuino; mostrando profunda y seria convicción
Meaning
sincere; genuine; showing deep and serious conviction
Example
He made an earnest attempt to solve the problem.
Él hizo un intento serio de resolver el problema.
C1 noun /ɪkˈspoʊnənt/

exponent

exponente
Meaning
a person who supports, promotes, or explains an idea; in math, a symbol denoting power
Example
She is a leading exponent of modern dance.
Ella es una de las principales exponentes de la danza moderna.
C1 adjective /ˈɛntərˌpraɪzɪŋ/

enterprising

emprendedor
Meaning
showing initiative and resourcefulness; willing to take risks to achieve success
Example
She is an enterprising young entrepreneur.
Ella es una joven emprendedora emprendedora.
C1 noun /ɪkˈstræv.ə.ɡəns/

Extravagance

gasto excesivo; derroche
Meaning
lack of restraint in spending money; excessive expense
Example
The wedding celebration was criticized for its unnecessary extravagance.
La celebración de la boda fue criticada por su extravagancia innecesaria.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnæmərd/

enamored

enamorado
Meaning
filled with love or admiration
Example
He became enamored with classical music after attending the concert.
Se enamoró de la música clásica después de asistir al concierto.
C1 adjective /ˌiːɡoʊˈsentrɪk/

egocentric

egocéntrico
Meaning
thinking only about yourself and not about others
Example
His egocentric behavior annoyed everyone at the meeting.
Su comportamiento egocéntrico molestó a todos en la reunión.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈspiːdiənt/

expedient

conveniente
Meaning
suitable or convenient for achieving a particular end, sometimes at the expense of morality
Example
It was expedient to take the shortcut despite the risks.
Era conveniente tomar el atajo a pesar de los riesgos.
C1 noun /ˈɛksələnsɪ/

excellency

excelencia
Meaning
a title of honor for people of high rank, especially ambassadors or governors
Example
His Excellency the Ambassador attended the ceremony.
Su Excelencia el Embajador asistió a la ceremonia.
C1 noun ˈiː.pɒk

epoch

época
Meaning
A period of time in history or a person's life, typically one marked by notable events or particular characteristics.
Example
The invention of the internet marked a new epoch in human history.
La invención de internet marcó una nueva época en la historia humana.
C1 noun ˌɛkstərˈnælɪtiz

externalities

externalidad
Meaning
A side effect or consequence of an industrial or commercial activity.
Example
Pollution is a negative externality of industrialization.
La contaminación es una externalidad negativa de la industrialización.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈθrɔː.lɪŋ/

enthralling

fascinante
Meaning
Captivating and holding one's attention completely; fascinating.
Example
The movie was enthralling, keeping the audience engaged till the end.
La película fue fascinante, manteniendo al público cautivado hasta el final.
C1 noun /ˌekspəˈzɪʃən/

exposition

exposición
Meaning
a detailed explanation or a large public exhibition
Example
The scientist gave a clear exposition of the theory.
El científico dio una explicación clara de la teoría.
C1 verb /ɛtʃ/

etch

grabar
Meaning
to cut or carve a design onto a surface
Example
The artist etched her initials into the glass.
La artista grabó sus iniciales en el vidrio.
C1 noun /ɪˈklɪps/

Eclipse

eclipse (del sol o la luna)
Meaning
an obscuring of light from one celestial body by another; a decline or loss
Example
The total solar eclipse darkened the sky for several minutes.
El eclipse solar total oscureció el cielo durante varios minutos.