debacle
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C1 noun /deɪˈbɑː.kəl/

debacle

debacle
Meaning
A sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.
Example
The company's poor management led to a financial debacle.
La mala gestión de la empresa condujo a un debacle financiero.
C1 adjective /dɪˈspɒndənt/

despondent

desalentado
Meaning
feeling or showing deep hopelessness or discouragement
Example
She felt despondent after losing her job.
Ella se sintió desalentada después de perder su trabajo.
C1 adjective /dɪˈvɪzəbl/

divisible

divisible
Meaning
Capable of being divided by another number without leaving a remainder.
Example
Twelve is divisible by three and four.
Doce es divisible por tres y cuatro.
C1 noun /ˌdez.ɪɡˈneɪ.ʃən/

Designation

designación; cargo; título; estatus oficial
Meaning
the action of choosing someone for a position; a name, title, or official status
Example
His designation as team leader came with additional responsibilities and authority.
Su designación como líder del equipo vino con responsabilidades adicionales y autoridad.
C1 noun /ˈdɒɡmə/

dogma

dogma
Meaning
A principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true.
Example
The religious leader strictly adhered to traditional dogma.
El líder religioso se adhirió estrictamente al dogma tradicional.
C1 adjective /dɪˈspɪrɪtɪd/

dispirited

desanimado
Meaning
Having lost enthusiasm, hope, or confidence; dejected.
Example
After losing the match, the team looked dispirited.
Después de perder el partido, el equipo se veía desanimado.
C1 verb /ˈdæŋɡəl/

dangle

colgar
Meaning
to hang loosely or swing freely
Example
The keys dangled from his belt.
Las llaves colgaban de su cinturón.
C1 verb /dɪˈfaɪl/

defile

profanar
Meaning
to pollute, corrupt, or make dirty
Example
The river was defiled by industrial waste.
El río fue profanado por desechos industriales.
C1 verb /ˌdiːˈbʌŋk/

debunk

desmentir, exponer la falsedad de
Meaning
Expose the falseness or hollowness of (a myth, idea, or belief).
Example
Scientists debunked the myth that vaccines cause autism.
Los científicos desmintieron el mito de que las vacunas causan autismo.
C1 noun /doʊ/

doe

cierva
Meaning
a female deer, especially an adult one
Example
The doe and her fawn were grazing in the meadow.
La cierva y su cervatillo estaban pastando en el prado.
C1 verb /dəˈmɛstɪkeɪt/

domesticate

domesticar
Meaning
to tame an animal for use by humans; to adapt something for domestic use
Example
Humans domesticated dogs thousands of years ago.
Los humanos domesticaron perros hace miles de años.
C1 verb, noun /ˌdɪsɪˈluːʒən/

disillusion

desilusión
Meaning
to cause someone to realize that something is not as good as they believed
Example
The scandal disillusioned many voters.
El escándalo desilusionó a muchos votantes.
C1 noun /ˌdɛrɪˈveɪʃən/

derivation

derivación
Meaning
The origin or development of something from a source.
Example
The derivation of the word comes from Latin.
La derivación de la palabra proviene del latín.
C1 noun /ˌdiː.mɑːˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Demarcation

demarcación
Meaning
the action of fixing the boundary or limits of something; separation or division
Example
The demarcation between public and private land was clearly marked.
La demarcación entre tierras públicas y privadas estaba claramente marcada.
C1 adjective /ˈdaʊ.ər/

dour

severo
Meaning
relentlessly severe, stern, or gloomy in manner or appearance
Example
His dour expression made the meeting uncomfortable.
Su expresión severa hizo que la reunión fuera incómoda.
C1 noun /ˌdep.rɪˈveɪ.ʃən/

deprivation

privación, escasez, falta
Meaning
The damaging lack of material benefits considered to be basic necessities in a society.
Example
Sleep deprivation affects cognitive function.
La privación de sueño afecta la función cognitiva.
C1 verb /dɪsˈlɒdʒ/

dislodge

desalojar
Meaning
To remove or force out from a position, especially one that is fixed or hard to move.
Example
The troops dislodged the enemy from the hill.
Las tropas desalojaron al enemigo de la colina.
C1 verb /dɪˈsɛləˌreɪt/

decelerate

desacelerar
Meaning
to reduce speed; to slow down
Example
The car began to decelerate as it approached the traffic light.
El coche comenzó a desacelerar al acercarse al semáforo.
C1 noun /dɪˈpɑːzətɔːri/

depository

depósito, almacén
Meaning
a place where things are stored or deposited, especially financial assets
Example
The national depository safeguards all government bonds.
El depósito nacional salvaguarda todos los bonos del gobierno.
C1 adjective dɪsˈfʌŋkʃənl

dysfunctional

disfuncional
Meaning
Not operating normally or properly.
Example
The dysfunctional system led to numerous delays and errors.
El sistema disfuncional causó numerosos retrasos y errores.
C1 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈbɒlɪkəl/

diabolical

diabólico
Meaning
Wicked, cruel, or outrageously bad; resembling the devil.
Example
The dictator’s diabolical rule brought misery to the nation.
El régimen diabólico del dictador trajo miseria a la nación.
C1 verb /daɪˈvɜːrdʒ/

diverge

divergir
Meaning
to separate and go in different directions; to differ
Example
The two paths diverge at the fork in the road.
Los dos caminos se separan en la bifurcación de la carretera.
C1 adjective /dɪˈplɔːrəbl/

deplorable

despreciable
Meaning
deserving strong condemnation; shockingly bad in quality
Example
The refugees were living in deplorable conditions.
Los refugiados vivían en condiciones deplorables.
C1 noun ˌdiːˌrɛɡ.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən

deregulation

desregulación
Meaning
The removal or reduction of government regulations in an economic sector.
Example
Deregulation has increased competition in the telecommunications sector.
La desregulación ha aumentado la competencia en el sector de las telecomunicaciones.
C1 adjective /dɪˈfɪʃənt/

Deficient

deficiente
Meaning
not having enough of a specified quality or ingredient; lacking or inadequate
Example
His diet was deficient in essential vitamins.
Su dieta era deficiente en vitaminas esenciales.
C1 verb /dɪˈbeɪs/

debase

degradar
Meaning
to reduce the quality, value, or dignity of something
Example
Corruption can debase the values of a society.
La corrupción puede degradar los valores de una sociedad.
C1 noun /ˈdɪɡnɪˌtɛri/

dignitary

persona importante
Meaning
a person considered to be important because of high rank or office
Example
Several foreign dignitaries attended the state banquet.
Varios dignatarios extranjeros asistieron al banquete estatal.
C1 noun /dɪˈfjuːʒən/

diffusion

difusión
Meaning
the spreading of something more widely or the movement of particles from high to low concentration
Example
The diffusion of information on social media is rapid.
La difusión de información en las redes sociales es rápida.
C1 adjective /dæft/

daft

tonto
Meaning
Silly or foolish.
Example
It was a daft idea to go hiking without water.
Fue una idea tonta ir a hacer senderismo sin agua.
C1 noun /dɪˌpriː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/

depreciation

depreciación
Meaning
A reduction in the value of an asset with the passage of time, due to wear and tear.
Example
The car's depreciation rate is high after five years.
La tasa de depreciación del coche es alta después de cinco años.
C1 noun /ˌdev.əˈtiː/

Devotee

devoto; seguidor
Meaning
a person who is very interested in and enthusiastic about someone or something
Example
As a devotee of classical music, she attended every concert in the city.
Como devota de la música clásica, asistió a cada concierto en la ciudad.
C1 noun /ˌdiː.viˈeɪ.ʃən/

Deviation

desviación; alejamiento de una ruta establecida
Meaning
the action of departing from an established course; a departure from usual standards
Example
Any deviation from the established procedure must be reported immediately.
Cualquier desviación del procedimiento establecido debe ser reportada de inmediato.
C1 adjective /dɪˈrɒɡətɔːri/

derogatory

despectivo
Meaning
Showing a critical or disrespectful attitude.
Example
The article contained derogatory comments about the politician.
El artículo contenía comentarios despectivos sobre el político.
C1 verb /diːˈhaɪdreɪt/

dehydrate

deshidratar
Meaning
to remove water from something; to lose water or body fluids
Example
Running in the heat can quickly dehydrate you.
Correr en el calor puede deshidratarte rápidamente.
C1 verb /ˈdaʊn.pleɪ/

downplay

restar importancia
Meaning
to make something seem less important than it really is
Example
The company tried to downplay the risks of the new product.
La empresa intentó restar importancia a los riesgos del nuevo producto.
C1 noun /dɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/

Deficiency

deficiencia; falta; insuficiencia
Meaning
a lack or shortage of something; inadequacy or insufficiency
Example
The doctor diagnosed a vitamin D deficiency in the patient's blood test.
El doctor diagnosticó una deficiencia de vitamina D en la prueba de sangre del paciente.
C1 noun /dɪˈmiːnər/

demeanour

comportamiento
Meaning
a person's outward behavior or appearance
Example
Her calm demeanour impressed everyone during the meeting.
Su comportamiento tranquilo impresionó a todos durante la reunión.
C1 noun ˌdep.əˈzɪʃ.ən

deposition

deposición, el proceso de depositar algo
Meaning
The action of depositing something; the laying down of matter by a natural process.
Example
River deposition leads to the formation of new landmasses.
La deposición de un río lleva a la formación de nuevas masas de tierra.
C1 noun /drɑːft/ (UK), /dræft/ (US)

draught

corriente de aire
Meaning
a current of cool air in a room or another confined space; also a portion of liquid, especially beer, served from a barrel or cask
Example
She closed the window to keep out the cold draught.
Ella cerró la ventana para evitar la corriente de aire frío.
C1 noun /daɪˈvɜː.dʒəns/

divergence

divergencia
Meaning
The process or state of diverging; a difference or deviation between two or more things.
Example
The divergence in their opinions led to a heated debate.
La divergencia en sus opiniones llevó a un debate acalorado.
C1 verb /dɪˈfeɪm/

defame

difamar
Meaning
to harm someone's reputation by spreading false information
Example
He was defamed by malicious rumors.
Él fue difamado por rumores maliciosos.
C1 noun /dɪˈsɜːn.mənt/

discernment

discernimiento
Meaning
The ability to judge well or understand something correctly; keen insight.
Example
His discernment in business decisions made him successful.
Su discernimiento en las decisiones de negocios lo hizo exitoso.
C1 verb /daʊs/

douse

apagar / verter
Meaning
to pour liquid over; to extinguish a fire or light
Example
Firefighters doused the flames with water.
Los bomberos apagaron las llamas con agua.
C1 verb /dɪˈspɜːrs/

disperse

dispersar
Meaning
To scatter or spread widely in different directions.
Example
The police used tear gas to disperse the crowd.
La policía usó gas lacrimógeno para dispersar a la multitud.
C1 adjective deft

deft

habilidoso
Meaning
Neatly skillful and quick in one's movements; dexterous and adroit.
Example
The artist's deft hands created a masterpiece.
Las manos hábiles del artista crearon una obra maestra.
C1 noun /ˌdɜːrməˈtɑːlədʒɪst/

dermatologist

dermatólogo
Meaning
A doctor who specializes in the treatment of skin diseases.
Example
She consulted a dermatologist for her skin allergy.
Ella consultó a un dermatólogo para su alergia en la piel.
C1 verb /daɪˈɡrɛs/

digress

apartarse temporalmente del tema principal
Meaning
To leave the main subject temporarily in speech or writing.
Example
The professor began to digress from the main topic of the lecture.
El profesor comenzó a digresar del tema principal de la conferencia.
C1 verb /ˌdiː.kəmˈprɛs/

decompress

descomprimir
Meaning
To relax and recover from stress or pressure.
Example
Taking deep breaths helps to decompress after a stressful day.
Tomar respiraciones profundas ayuda a descomprimir después de un día estresante.
C1 noun /ˈdʊr.i.ən/

Durian

durian
Meaning
a large spiky tropical fruit known for its strong smell and creamy custard-like flesh
Example
Durian is known as the king of fruits in Southeast Asia despite its pungent odor.
Durian es conocido como el rey de las frutas en el Sudeste Asiático a pesar de su olor penetrante.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsiːtfəl/

deceitful

engañoso
Meaning
Deliberately misleading or dishonest.
Example
She gave a deceitful answer to hide the truth.
Ella dio una respuesta engañosa para ocultar la verdad.
C1 adjective dɪ ˈskrɛʃ.ən.er.i

discretionary

discrecional
Meaning
Available for use at the discretion of the user; not required or mandatory.
Example
He set aside some discretionary income for travel.
Él apartó algo de ingreso discrecional para viajar.
C1 noun /ˌdɪs.ɪˈluː.ʒən.mənt/

disillusionment

desilusión
Meaning
A feeling of disappointment resulting from the discovery that something is not as good as one believed it to be.
Example
Many people experience disillusionment after unrealistic expectations.
Muchas personas experimentan desilusión después de expectativas poco realistas.
C1 adjective /dɪˈfaɪənt/

Defiant

desafiante; rebelde
Meaning
boldly resistant or challenging; disobedient
Example
The defiant student refused to follow the rules.
El estudiante desafiante se negó a seguir las reglas.
C1 noun ˈdɛtrɪ.mənt

detriment

perjuicio, daño, detrimento
Meaning
Harm, damage, impairment.
Example
Smoking is a detriment to health.
Fumar es un detrimento para la salud.
C1 adjective /dɪˈmɛntɪd/

demented

demente / irracional
Meaning
behaving irrationally due to mental illness or extreme excitement
Example
He looked demented after hearing the shocking news.
Se veía demente después de escuchar la noticia impactante.
C1 noun dɪˈskrep.ən.siz

discrepancies

discrepancia
Meaning
Differences between things that should be the same
Example
Discrepancies in regulations delay progress.
Las discrepancias en las regulaciones retrasan el progreso.
C1 verb /deɪz/

daze

aturdir
Meaning
to stun or confuse someone temporarily with a shock or surprise
Example
The bright lights dazed the runners as they entered the stadium.
Las luces brillantes aturdirán a los corredores cuando entren en el estadio.
C1 noun /ˌdɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk ˈmaɪl.stəʊn/

diplomatic milestone

hito diplomático
Meaning
A significant achievement or important event in diplomatic relations.
Example
Hosting the summit was a diplomatic milestone.
La organización de la cumbre fue un hito diplomático.
C1 adjective /dɪˈvaʊt/

devout

devoto
Meaning
Deeply religious or sincere.
Example
He is a devout believer who prays every day.
Él es un devoto creyente que reza todos los días.
C1 verb dɪˈsaɪ.fɚ

decipher

descifrar, traducir, interpretar
Meaning
To convert something written in code into normal language; to succeed in understanding the meaning of something.
Example
It took hours to decipher the ancient script.
Se tardaron horas en descifrar el antiguo texto.
C1 noun dɪˈtætʃ.mənt

detachment

desapego
Meaning
The state of being objective or aloof; not being emotionally involved.
Example
Buddhist philosophy encourages detachment from material desires.
La filosofía budista fomenta el desapego de los deseos materiales.
C1 verb dɪˈlɪnieɪt

delineate

delinear
Meaning
To describe or portray something precisely
Example
The artist delineated the scene in intricate detail.
El artista delineó la escena con detalles intrincados.
C1 adjective /dɪˈskrɪmɪˌneɪtɪŋ/

discriminating

discriminatorio
Meaning
Having refined taste or good judgment; able to recognize subtle differences.
Example
She is known for her discriminating taste in art.
Es conocida por su gusto discriminatorio en el arte.
C1 verb /diːm/

deem

considerar, juzgar
Meaning
to regard or consider in a specified way
Example
The project was deemed a success by the board.
El proyecto fue considerado un éxito por la junta.
C1 noun /djuːˈɛt/

duet

dúo
Meaning
a musical performance by two singers or instrumentalists
Example
They sang a beautiful duet together on stage.
Cantaron un hermoso dúo juntos en el escenario.
C1 verb /dɪsˈɑːrm/

disarm

desarmar
Meaning
to take weapons away from someone; to make someone feel less hostile
Example
The soldiers were ordered to disarm the rebels.
A los soldados se les ordenó desarmar a los rebeldes.
C1 noun /dɪˈfen.dənt/

Defendant

demandado
Meaning
an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law
Example
The defendant pleaded not guilty to all charges brought against him.
El demandado se declaró no culpable de todos los cargos en su contra.
C1 verb /dɪsˈkʌlər/

discolor

descolorar
Meaning
to change color, especially in a way that spoils the original appearance
Example
The fabric began to discolor after being left in the sun.
La tela comenzó a descolorarse después de dejarla al sol.
C1 verb /dɪsˈmæntəl/

dismantle

desmontar
Meaning
to take apart; to remove or destroy the parts of
Example
Workers will dismantle the old bridge next month.
Los trabajadores desmontarán el viejo puente el próximo mes.
C1 noun /ˌdɛsɪˈmeɪʃən/

decimation

destrucción masiva
Meaning
The act of destroying or killing a large proportion of something.
Example
The decimation of the city left thousands homeless.
La destrucción masiva de la ciudad dejó a miles de personas sin hogar.
C1 verb /ˌdɪsəˈlaʊ/

disallow

desautorizar
Meaning
to refuse to allow or accept something
Example
The referee disallowed the goal for offside.
El árbitro desautorizó el gol por fuera de lugar.
C1 adjective /ˈdjuːbiəs/

dubious

dudoso
Meaning
Hesitating or doubting; not to be relied upon.
Example
She gave him a dubious look after hearing his excuse.
Ella le dio una mirada dudosa después de escuchar su excusa.
C1 adjective /ˈdesələt/

Desolate

desierto; solitario; árido
Meaning
deserted; lonely; barren
Example
The abandoned village looked desolate and empty.
El pueblo abandonado se veía desolado y vacío.
C1 noun /ˈdjuːplɛks/

duplex

casa dúplex
Meaning
A house or apartment divided into two separate residences.
Example
They live in a duplex near the city center.
Viven en un dúplex cerca del centro de la ciudad.
C1 verb /ˌdɪsˈmaʊnt/

dismount

bajarse
Meaning
to get off or down from something, especially a horse, bicycle, or motorcycle
Example
The rider dismounted from the horse after a long journey.
El jinete se bajó del caballo después de un largo viaje.
C1 adjective /ˈdɪs.ə.plɪ.ner.i/

Disciplinary

disciplinario
Meaning
relating to discipline; intended to correct behavior
Example
The company took disciplinary action against the employee.
La empresa tomó medidas disciplinarias contra el empleado.
C1 noun /ˈdeɪ.li.ə/

Dahlia

dalia
Meaning
a garden plant with brightly colored flowers that bloom in summer and autumn
Example
She planted colorful dahlias in her garden last summer.
Ella plantó dalias coloridas en su jardín el verano pasado.
C1 noun /dɪsˈɪntrəst/

disinterest

desinterés
Meaning
lack of interest or concern
Example
His disinterest in the project was obvious.
Su desinterés en el proyecto era obvio.
C1 noun /ˌdɒmɪˈneɪʃən/

domination

dominación
Meaning
the exercise of control or influence over someone or something
Example
The empire sought domination over its neighbors.
El imperio buscaba dominación sobre sus vecinos.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

discerning

perspicaz
Meaning
having good judgment or insight; able to distinguish well
Example
He is a discerning reader who notices subtle details.
Él es un lector perspicaz que nota detalles sutiles.
C1 adjective /ˈdiːviəs/

devious

astuto
Meaning
Skillful at using underhanded tactics to achieve goals; not straightforward.
Example
He used a devious plan to gain control of the company.
Usó un plan astuto para ganar el control de la empresa.
C1 adjective /dræb/

drab

monótono
Meaning
Dull, lacking brightness or interest; monotonous.
Example
The room looked drab with its gray walls and dim lighting.
La habitación parecía monótona con sus paredes grises y luz tenue.
C1 noun /ˌdiː.kɒmpəˈzɪʃən/

decomposition

descomposición
Meaning
the process of decaying or breaking down into simpler parts
Example
The decomposition of leaves enriches the soil.
La descomposición de las hojas enriquece el suelo.
C1 noun /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪˈeɪʃən/

differentiation

diferenciación, distinción
Meaning
The action or process of differentiating or distinguishing between things.
Example
Differentiation from competitors can create a unique market position.
La diferenciación de los competidores puede crear una posición única en el mercado.
C1 noun /ˈdɛsɪˌbɛl/

decibel

decibel
Meaning
a unit used to measure the intensity of sound
Example
The noise level in the factory exceeded 90 decibels.
El nivel de ruido en la fábrica superó los 90 decibelios.
C1 noun /dʌsk/

Dusk

oscurecer; anochecer
Meaning
the period of the day when daylight is fading; twilight
Example
They walked along the beach during dusk, watching the sunset.
Caminaban por la playa durante el atardecer, viendo la puesta del sol.
C1 verb /ˈdɪs.ɪ.peɪt/

dissipate

desaparecer gradualmente
Meaning
To disappear or cause to disappear gradually.
Example
The tension in the room slowly dissipated.
La tensión en la sala desapareció lentamente.
C1 adjective /drəˈkoʊniən/

draconian

draconiano
Meaning
Extremely harsh and severe, especially laws or rules.
Example
The new regulations were criticized as draconian.
Las nuevas regulaciones fueron criticadas como draconianas.
C1 adjective /dɪˈfʌŋkt/

defunct

fuera de servicio, desaparecido
Meaning
No longer existing, operating, or functioning.
Example
The company became defunct after the financial crisis.
La empresa se volvió defunta después de la crisis financiera.
C1 verb /dɪˈsweɪd/

dissuade

disuadir
Meaning
To persuade someone not to do something.
Example
She tried to dissuade him from quitting his job.
Ella intentó disuadirlo de dejar su trabajo.
C1 noun /dɪˈprɛsənt/

depressant

depresor
Meaning
A drug that reduces functional or nervous activity in the body.
Example
Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system.
El alcohol actúa como un depresor en el sistema nervioso central.
C1 noun /deɪˈtɑːnt/

detente

distensión
Meaning
the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries
Example
The two nations worked toward detente after decades of conflict.
Las dos naciones trabajaron hacia la distensión después de décadas de conflicto.
C1 noun /dɪn/

din

ruido
Meaning
a loud, unpleasant, and prolonged noise
Example
The din of traffic outside made it hard to concentrate.
El ruido del tráfico afuera hacía difícil concentrarse.
C1 verb /dɪsˈkwɑːlɪfaɪ/

disqualify

descalificar
Meaning
to officially prevent someone from participating or being eligible
Example
The referee decided to disqualify the player for cheating.
El árbitro decidió descalificar al jugador por hacer trampa.
C1 adjective /ˈdɪzməl/

Dismal

oscuro; deprimente; triste
Meaning
gloomy; depressing; causing sadness or despair
Example
The weather was dismal with heavy rain and dark clouds.
El clima estaba oscuro con lluvia intensa y nubes oscuras.
C1 noun /djuːn/

dune

duna
Meaning
A hill or ridge of sand formed by the wind, usually found in deserts or near beaches.
Example
The children played on the sand dune by the beach.
Los niños jugaban en la duna de arena junto a la playa.
C1 adjective /dɪˈfɛnsəbəl/

defensible

defendible / justificable
Meaning
Capable of being protected against attack or criticism; justifiable.
Example
Her decision was legally defensible.
Su decisión era legalmente defendible.
C1 noun /dɪˈlɪriəm/

delirium

delirio
Meaning
An acutely disturbed state of mind characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence.
Example
The patient experienced delirium after the surgery due to the strong medication.
El paciente experimentó delirio después de la cirugía debido a los fuertes medicamentos.
C1 noun /ˈdrɛsˌmeɪkər/

dressmaker

modista
Meaning
A person who makes or alters women's clothing professionally.
Example
The dressmaker crafted a beautiful gown for the bride.
La modista confeccionó un hermoso vestido para la novia.
C1 noun dɪˈsʌɪsɪvnɪs

decisiveness

capacidad de tomar decisiones
Meaning
The ability to make decisions quickly and effectively.
Example
His decisiveness during the crisis saved the company.
Su capacidad de tomar decisiones durante la crisis salvó a la empresa.
C1 noun /ˈdrʌdʒəri/

drudgery

trabajo arduo y monótono
Meaning
Hard, menial, or dull work.
Example
She wanted to escape the drudgery of her daily routine.
Ella quería escapar de la rutina monótona de su día a día.
C1 verb /dɪsˈpruːv/

disprove

refutar
Meaning
to show that something is false or wrong
Example
The scientist worked hard to disprove the old theory.
El científico trabajó duro para refutar la antigua teoría.
C1 noun /ˈdɒktrɪn/

doctrine

doctrina
Meaning
A set of beliefs or principles held and taught by a religious, political, or other group.
Example
The church follows a strict doctrine on moral values.
La iglesia sigue una estricta doctrina sobre los valores morales.
C1 verb /ˈdɛsɪmeɪt/

decimate

destruir
Meaning
To destroy or kill a large proportion of something.
Example
The wildfire decimated the forest.
El incendio arrasó el bosque.
C1 adjective /dɪˈmɪnjətɪv/

diminutive

diminuto
Meaning
extremely or unusually small
Example
Despite his diminutive size, he was a powerful leader.
A pesar de su tamaño diminuto, era un líder poderoso.
C1 noun dɪˈdʒɛnəˌreɪtɪv dɪˈzizɪz

degenerative diseases

enfermedades degenerativas
Meaning
Medical conditions that involve the deterioration or progressive decline of tissues, organs, or functions
Example
Degenerative diseases are common in an aging population.
Las enfermedades degenerativas son comunes en una población envejecida.
C1 noun /dɪsˈlɛksiə/

dyslexia

dislexia
Meaning
A learning disorder characterized by difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech sounds and decoding words.
Example
The teacher used special methods to help the student with dyslexia.
La profesora usó métodos especiales para ayudar al estudiante con dislexia.
C1 verb /dɪˈstɪl/

distill

destilar
Meaning
To purify a liquid by heating and cooling; to extract the essential meaning or most important aspects.
Example
The factory distills water to make it safe for drinking.
La fábrica destila agua para hacerla segura para beber.
C1 noun ˈdɪk.ʃən

diction

pronunciación y elección de palabras
Meaning
The style of pronunciation and word choice in speaking or writing.
Example
A strong diction enhances communication skills.
Una dicción fuerte mejora las habilidades de comunicación.
C1 verb /drɛntʃ/

drench

empapar
Meaning
to make someone or something completely wet
Example
The sudden rain drenched the players on the field.
La lluvia repentina empapó a los jugadores en el campo.
C1 noun ˌdjʊə.rəˈbɪl.ə.ti

durability

durabilidad
Meaning
The ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; hard-wearing.
Example
The durability of materials affects performance.
La durabilidad de los materiales afecta el rendimiento.
C1 noun /ˌdɜːrməˈtɑːlədʒi/

dermatology

dermatología
Meaning
The branch of medicine concerned with the skin and its diseases.
Example
He studied dermatology at medical school.
Estudió dermatología en la escuela de medicina.
C1 noun ˈdaɪ.nə.sti

dynasty

dinastía
Meaning
A line of hereditary rulers of a country; a succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in business, politics, or another field.
Example
The Ming dynasty ruled China for centuries.
La dinastía Ming gobernó China durante siglos.
C1 adjective ˈdɔːn.tɪŋ

daunting

intimidante o desafiante
Meaning
Something that seems intimidating or challenging.
Example
The task seemed daunting, but she completed it successfully.
La tarea parecía intimidante, pero ella la completó con éxito.
C1 noun/verb /ˈdiːkɔɪ/

decoy

señuelo
Meaning
something or someone used to lure or mislead
Example
The hunters used a wooden duck as a decoy.
Los cazadores usaron un pato de madera como señuelo.
C1 noun dəˌmɛstɪˈkeɪʃən

domestication

domesticación
Meaning
The process of taming an animal and keeping it as a pet or for farm produce.
Example
Domestication of animals has been crucial for human survival.
La domesticación de animales ha sido crucial para la supervivencia humana.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈɪntrəstɪd/

disinterested

desinteresado
Meaning
not influenced by personal interest; impartial or neutral
Example
The judge remained disinterested in the case.
El juez se mantuvo desinteresado en el caso.
C1 noun dɪˌtɪə.ri.əˈreɪ.ʃən

deterioration

deterioro
Meaning
The process of becoming progressively worse; decline in quality, condition, or strength.
Example
Poor maintenance leads to material deterioration.
El mal mantenimiento conduce a la deterioración del material.
C1 verb /dɪˈplɔːr/

deplore

deplorar
Meaning
to feel or express strong disapproval of something; to regret deeply
Example
Many people deplore the violence shown on television.
Muchas personas deploran la violencia mostrada en la televisión.
C1 verb /ˈdɪsləkeɪt/

dislocate

dislocar
Meaning
To disturb the normal position of something, especially a joint in the body.
Example
He dislocated his shoulder while playing football.
Él dislocó su hombro mientras jugaba al fútbol.
C1 noun /ˌdɛtəˈneɪʃən/

detonation

detonación
Meaning
The act of exploding or causing something to explode.
Example
The sudden detonation shook the entire building.
La repentina detonación sacudió todo el edificio.