creditable
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C1 adjective /ˈkrɛdɪtəbl/

creditable

digno de elogio
Meaning
Deserving praise or acknowledgment, though not necessarily outstanding.
Example
She made a creditable effort in completing the project on time.
Ella hizo un esfuerzo digno de elogio al completar el proyecto a tiempo.
C1 noun /ˌklɔːstrəˈfəʊbiə/

claustrophobia

claustrofobia
Meaning
an extreme or irrational fear of being in confined spaces
Example
He avoids elevators because of his claustrophobia.
Él evita los ascensores debido a su claustrofobia.
C1 verb /kʌl/

cull

seleccionar / eliminar
Meaning
to select or remove from a larger group, often to reduce numbers
Example
The farmers decided to cull the sick animals from the herd.
Los granjeros decidieron eliminar a los animales enfermos del rebaño.
C1 verb /kənˈspaɪər/

conspire

conspirar
Meaning
to secretly plan with others to do something harmful or illegal
Example
They conspired to overthrow the government.
Ellos conspiraron para derrocar al gobierno.
C1 adjective /kɔɪ/

coy

tímido, reservado
Meaning
reluctant to give details or reveal feelings; shy or reserved
Example
She gave a coy smile when asked about her plans.
Ella dio una sonrisa tímida cuando le preguntaron sobre sus planes.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnsjʊlət/

consulate

consulado
Meaning
the building or office where a consul works
Example
He went to the consulate to renew his visa.
Él fue al consulado para renovar su visa.
C1 verb /kənˈdəʊn/

condone

condonar
Meaning
To accept or allow behavior that is morally wrong or offensive.
Example
The manager refused to condone harassment in the workplace.
El gerente se negó a condonar el acoso en el lugar de trabajo.
C1 noun ˌkʌl.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən

culmination

culminación. El punto más alto o culminante de algo, especialmente alcanzado después de mucho tiempo.
Meaning
The highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time.
Example
The project reached its culmination after years of effort.
El proyecto alcanzó su culminación después de años de esfuerzo.
C1 adjective /klænˈdɛstaɪn/

clandestine

clandestino
Meaning
kept secret or done secretly, especially for illicit purposes
Example
They held a clandestine meeting late at night.
Tuvieron una reunión clandestina tarde en la noche.
C1 noun sɪˈmɛntɪd ɡreɪv

cemented grave

tumba cementada
Meaning
A grave that is constructed with cement for permanence.
Example
The cemented grave of the martyrs was seen near the river.
La tumba cementada de los mártires fue vista cerca del río.
C1 verb /koʊks/

coax

persuadir
Meaning
to persuade someone gently or gradually to do something
Example
She managed to coax the cat out of the tree with some food.
Ella logró convencer al gato para que bajara del árbol con algo de comida.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒz.mɪk/

cosmic

cósmico, vasto
Meaning
relating to the universe or cosmos; vast
Example
Astronomers study cosmic phenomena to understand the universe.
Los astrónomos estudian fenómenos cósmicos para entender el universo.
C1 noun /kənˈkʌrəns/

concurrence

concurrencia
Meaning
Agreement or union in action, opinion, or occurrence; simultaneous happening of events.
Example
The project was completed with the concurrence of all departments.
El proyecto se completó con la concurrencia de todos los departamentos.
C1 noun kəˈmɛns.mənt

commencement

comienzo
Meaning
The beginning of something; a ceremony at which degrees or diplomas are conferred on graduating students.
Example
The commencement ceremony marked the start of a new journey.
La ceremonia de comienzo marcó el inicio de un nuevo viaje.
C1 verb /kənˈviːn/

convene

reunirse, convocar una reunión o asamblea
Meaning
to come together or assemble, especially for a meeting or formal gathering
Example
The board will convene tomorrow to discuss the new policy.
La junta se convocará mañana para discutir la nueva política.
C1 noun /ˈkælɪbər/

caliber

calibre
Meaning
The quality of someone's ability or character; the internal diameter of a gun barrel.
Example
The university attracts students of high caliber.
La universidad atrae a estudiantes de alto calibre.
C1 noun /krɪˈden.ʃəl/

credential

credencial
Meaning
a qualification, achievement, or aspect of a person's background used to indicate suitability for something
Example
She presented her credentials before starting the new job.
Ella presentó sus credenciales antes de comenzar el nuevo trabajo.
C1 adjective /kənˈstreɪnd/

constrained

limitado, forzado
Meaning
appearing forced, unnatural, or restricted
Example
He gave a constrained smile during the awkward meeting.
Él dio una sonrisa forzada durante la reunión incómoda.
C1 noun /ˈsɪstərn/

cistern

cisterna
Meaning
A tank or container for storing water, usually for household use.
Example
The old house still had a cistern to collect rainwater.
La casa antigua todavía tenía una cisterna para recoger agua de lluvia.
C1 noun /kənˈfɛdərəsi/

confederacy

confederación
Meaning
a group of states, people, or organizations united for a common purpose
Example
The southern states formed a confederacy during the civil war.
Los estados del sur formaron una confederación durante la guerra civil.
C1 noun /ˈkɔːrdən/

cordon

cordón de seguridad
Meaning
a line or circle of police, soldiers, or guards preventing access
Example
The police set up a cordon around the crime scene.
La policía estableció un cordón alrededor de la escena del crimen.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊərdɪs/

cowardice

cobardía
Meaning
lack of courage; behavior showing fear
Example
His cowardice prevented him from speaking up.
Su cobardía le impidió hablar.
C1 noun /ˈtʃæs.tɪ.ti/

Chastity

castidad; virginidad; moderación;
Meaning
the practice of refraining from extramarital or premarital sexual relations; sexual purity
Example
Many religious traditions value chastity as a virtue of moral purity.
Muchas tradiciones religiosas valoran la castidad como una virtud de pureza moral.
C1 noun /ˌkʌl də ˈsæk/

cul de sac

calle sin salida
Meaning
A street or passage closed at one end; a dead end.
Example
They bought a house at the end of a quiet cul de sac.
Compraron una casa al final de una tranquila calle sin salida.
C1 noun ˈkəmˌpaʊndɪŋ

compounding

intereses compuestos
Meaning
The process whereby interest is added to an amount of money and future interest is calculated on the total.
Example
Compounding interest increases the value of investments over time.
Los intereses compuestos aumentan el valor de las inversiones con el tiempo.
C1 noun /ˈsɪn.ɪˌsɪz.əm/

cynicism

cinismo
Meaning
An inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest; skepticism.
Example
His cynicism made it hard for him to trust anyone.
Su cinismo le dificultaba confiar en alguien.
C1 adjective /kənˈsɪliətɔːri/

conciliatory

conciliatorio
Meaning
intended to make someone less angry or more agreeable; soothing
Example
She spoke in a conciliatory tone to ease the tension.
Ella habló en un tono conciliatorio para calmar la tensión.
C1 noun ˈkeɪ.dəns

cadence

ritmo de habla con subida y bajada de tono
Meaning
The rhythm and flow of speech with rise and fall in tone.
Example
His speech had a natural cadence that captivated the audience.
Su discurso tenía una cadencia natural que cautivó a la audiencia.
C1 noun /kəˈloʊkwiəˌlɪzəm/

colloquialism

coloquialismo
Meaning
a word or phrase used in informal speech or writing
Example
The novel is full of regional colloquialisms.
La novela está llena de coloquialismos regionales.
C1 noun /klæn/

clan

clan
Meaning
a large family group or a close-knit community with shared interests or ancestry
Example
The entire clan gathered to celebrate the festival.
Todo el clan se reunió para celebrar el festival.
C1 noun /ˈklɛmənsi/

clemency

clemencia
Meaning
mercy, leniency, or forgiveness shown towards someone
Example
The judge showed clemency and reduced his sentence.
El juez mostró clemencia y redujo su sentencia.
C1 noun /ˈkælkjʊləs/

calculus

cálculo
Meaning
A branch of mathematics concerned with rates of change and accumulation; also a hard mineral deposit in the body such as on teeth.
Example
Calculus is essential for advanced studies in physics and engineering.
El cálculo es esencial para los estudios avanzados en física e ingeniería.
C1 adjective /ˈkɔːrdiəl/

Cordial

cordial; sincero; afectuoso
Meaning
warmly friendly; sincere; heartfelt
Example
She gave us a cordial welcome at the front door.
Nos dio una cordial bienvenida en la puerta principal.
C1 noun /ˈkænən/

canon

cánon
Meaning
A general law, rule, principle, or collection of sacred books accepted as genuine.
Example
The book is now considered part of the literary canon.
El libro ahora se considera parte del canon literario.
C1 noun/verb kənˈdʒɛk.tʃər

conjecture

conjetura
Meaning
An opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information; to form an opinion or supposition about something.
Example
The scientist's conjecture was later proven true.
La conjetura del científico fue luego comprobada como cierta.
C1 noun /kəˈmændər ɪn tʃiːf/

Commander-in-chief

comandante en jefe
Meaning
the supreme leader of a nation's armed forces
Example
The president serves as the commander-in-chief of the military.
El presidente actúa como el comandante en jefe de las fuerzas armadas.
C1 noun /ˈʃæpəroʊn/

chaperon

acompañante
Meaning
An older person who accompanies and supervises young people in social situations.
Example
The teacher acted as a chaperon during the school dance.
El maestro actuó como un acompañante durante el baile escolar.
C1 adjective /ˌkɒnsɪˈkwɛnʃəl/

consequential

trascendental
Meaning
Having important or significant consequences; resulting from something.
Example
The meeting was consequential for the future of the project.
La reunión fue trascendental para el futuro del proyecto.
C1 verb /koʊˈhæbɪt/

cohabit

cohabitar
Meaning
To live together, often as partners without being married.
Example
They decided to cohabit before getting married.
Decidieron cohabitar antes de casarse.
C1 noun /kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/

Compulsion

compulsión; coacción;
Meaning
the action or state of forcing or being forced to do something; an irresistible urge to behave in a certain way
Example
He felt a strong compulsion to check his phone every few minutes.
Sintió una fuerte compulsión de revisar su teléfono cada pocos minutos.
C1 noun /koʊlt/

Colt

potro
Meaning
a young male horse, especially one under four years old
Example
The farmer trained the young colt to accept a saddle.
El granjero entrenó al joven potro para aceptar una silla de montar.
C1 adjective ˈser.ɪ.brəl

cerebral

cerebral
Meaning
Of the cerebrum of the brain.
Example
Cerebral functions regulate thoughts.
Las funciones cerebrales regulan los pensamientos.
C1 verb /kəˈmɛmɔˌreɪt/

commemorate

conmemorar
Meaning
To honor and remember someone or something through a ceremony or action.
Example
The statue was built to commemorate the fallen heroes.
La estatua fue construida para conmemorar a los héroes caídos.
C1 noun /ˈkɑr.nɪdʒ/

Carnage

carnicería
Meaning
the killing of a large number of people; widespread slaughter
Example
The battlefield was filled with carnage after the brutal war.
El campo de batalla estaba lleno de carnicería después de la guerra brutal.
C1 noun /tʃæmp/

champ

campeón / ganador
Meaning
an informal word for champion or winner.
Example
He is the new champ of the boxing tournament.
Él es el nuevo campeón del torneo de boxeo.
C1 noun /ˈkɒb.lər/

Cobbler

zapatero
Meaning
a person who repairs shoes and other leather goods
Example
The cobbler fixed my broken shoes perfectly.
El zapatero arregló mis zapatos rotos perfectamente.
C1 verb /kənˈfleɪt/

conflate

fusionar / combinar
Meaning
To combine two or more things, often confusingly, into one.
Example
The article tends to conflate facts with opinions.
El artículo tiende a fusionar los hechos con las opiniones.
C1 adjective /ˈkræfti/

crafty

astuto, ingenioso, tramposo
Meaning
skilled at achieving goals through cunning or deceit; sly
Example
The crafty fox evaded the hunters again.
El astuto zorro evadió a los cazadores nuevamente.
C1 adjective /kəˈrəʊsɪv/

corrosive

corrosivo, dañino
Meaning
tending to cause corrosion; harmful or destructive to materials or people
Example
The chemical is highly corrosive and should be handled with care.
El producto químico es altamente corrosivo y debe manejarse con cuidado.
C1 adjective /ˌser.ɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Ceremonial

ceremonial
Meaning
relating to or used in ceremonies; formal and ritualistic
Example
The ceremonial dress was worn during the royal wedding.
El vestido ceremonial se usó durante la boda real.
C1 noun /ˈsɪtrɪk ˈæsɪd/

Citric Acid

ácido cítrico
Meaning
a natural acid found in citrus fruits, used as a food preservative and flavoring agent
Example
Add a pinch of citric acid to preserve the color of the fruit jam.
Añade una pizca de ácido cítrico para preservar el color de la mermelada de fruta.
C1 noun /ˈsɛntrɪˌfjuːdʒ/

centrifuge

centrífuga
Meaning
A machine that spins substances at high speed to separate different components.
Example
The lab technician used a centrifuge to separate the blood cells from the plasma.
El técnico de laboratorio usó una centrífuga para separar las células sanguíneas del plasma.
C1 adjective /ˈkælkjʊleɪtɪŋ/

calculating

calculador
Meaning
acting in a scheming and ruthlessly determined way
Example
He had a cold and calculating approach to business.
Tenía un enfoque frío y calculador hacia los negocios.
C1 noun /ˌkɒndʒʊˈɡeɪʃən/

conjugation

conjugación
Meaning
the variation of the form of a verb to indicate tense, person, and number
Example
French verbs have complex conjugations.
Los verbos franceses tienen conjugaciones complejas.
C1 noun /kənˈdəʊləns/

condolence

pésame
Meaning
An expression of sympathy, especially on the occasion of death.
Example
She offered her sincere condolence to the grieving family.
Ella ofreció su más sentido pésame a la familia afligida.
C1 noun kəmˈpleɪ.sən.si

complacency

autocomplacencia
Meaning
Excessive self-satisfaction with one's achievements that can hinder progress.
Example
His complacency led to a decline in his performance.
Su autocomplacencia llevó a una disminución en su rendimiento.
C1 verb /kənˈkɜːr/

concur

concurrir
Meaning
To agree with someone or something.
Example
I concur with your opinion on this matter.
Yo concuerdo con tu opinión sobre este asunto.
C1 verb /ˈsenʃər/

censure

censurar, criticar severamente
Meaning
to criticize severely; to express strong disapproval
Example
The committee censured the politician for his misconduct.
El comité censuró al político por su mala conducta.
C1 noun /kənˈsiːt/

conceit

vanidad
Meaning
excessive pride in oneself; vanity
Example
His conceit made him unpopular among his colleagues.
Su vanidad lo hizo impopular entre sus compañeros.
C1 noun /ˈkæpɪˌlɛri/

capillary

capilar
Meaning
a very thin blood vessel that connects arteries and veins
Example
Oxygen passes from the blood into tissues through capillaries.
El oxígeno pasa de la sangre a los tejidos a través de los capilares.
C1 adjective /kənˈɡrɛʃənl/

congressional

congresista
Meaning
relating to a congress, especially the US Congress
Example
The bill received strong congressional support.
El proyecto de ley recibió un fuerte apoyo congresista.
C1 noun kɒɡˈnɪʃ.ən

cognition

cognición
Meaning
The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
Example
Cognition plays a key role in learning.
La cognición juega un papel clave en el aprendizaje.
C1 adjective sɪˈlɛstʃəl

celestial

celestial
Meaning
Positioned in or relating to the sky, or outer space as observed in astronomy.
Example
The celestial bodies in the sky were clearly visible last night.
Los cuerpos celestes en el cielo eran claramente visibles la noche pasada.
C1 noun /kənˈtɛndər/

contender

competidor, pretendiente
Meaning
a person or team competing for a title or prize
Example
She is a strong contender for the mayoral position.
Ella es una fuerte contendiente para el cargo de alcaldesa.
C1 noun/verb /ˈkætəpʌlt/

catapult

catapulta / dispositivo para lanzar
Meaning
A device for launching objects at high speed; to hurl or launch something suddenly.
Example
The invention catapulted him to international fame.
La invención lo catapultó a la fama internacional.
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɪə.ləs/

Cheerless

desolado; sombrío; triste; sin alegría
Meaning
lacking happiness or comfort; gloomy; depressing; without cheer
Example
The old house looked cheerless and abandoned in the winter rain.
La casa vieja se veía desolada y abandonada bajo la lluvia invernal.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːmənˌwɛlθ/

commonwealth

Commonwealth
Meaning
an independent community or state, especially one founded for the common good; also an association of nations
Example
Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Australia es miembro de la Commonwealth de Naciones.
C1 noun /səˈvɪləti/

civility

cortesía
Meaning
Polite and courteous behavior.
Example
He treated his opponent with civility despite their differences.
Trató a su oponente con cortesía a pesar de sus diferencias.
C1 noun ˌsɛn.trə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

centralization

centralización
Meaning
The concentration of control and decision-making power in a central authority.
Example
Excessive centralization can slow down decision-making.
La centralización excesiva puede ralentizar la toma de decisiones.
C1 noun /tʃɪt/

Chit

nota, billete, recibo
Meaning
a short note, typically a brief informal letter; a voucher for a sum owed
Example
She left a chit on the table asking him to call her back.
Ella dejó un chit en la mesa pidiéndole que la llamara de vuelta.
C1 verb /kraʊtʃ/

crouch

agacharse
Meaning
to bend your knees and lower your body close to the ground
Example
The cat crouched before leaping at its prey.
El gato se agachó antes de saltar hacia su presa.
C1 noun /krɪpt/

crypt

cripta
Meaning
an underground chamber, especially one beneath a church, used as a burial place
Example
The tourists explored the ancient crypt beneath the cathedral.
Los turistas exploraron la antigua cripta debajo de la catedral.
C1 noun /kliːˈʃeɪ/

cliche

cliché
Meaning
An overused expression or idea that has lost its originality or impact.
Example
The speech was filled with old clichés that failed to inspire the audience.
El discurso estaba lleno de viejos clichés que no lograron inspirar a la audiencia.
C1 noun /kəˈθɑːrsɪs/

catharsis

catarsis
Meaning
The process of releasing strong emotions, providing relief.
Example
Writing in her diary was a form of catharsis for her.
Escribir en su diario fue una forma de catarsis para ella.
C1 adjective ˈkɒn.və.luː.tɪd

convoluted

complicado
Meaning
Extremely complex and difficult to follow; twisted or intricate.
Example
His argument was so convoluted that no one understood it.
Su argumento era tan complicado que nadie lo entendió.
C1 adjective /klaɪˈmæktɪk/

climactic

climático
Meaning
Relating to the most exciting or important moment of something.
Example
The film ended with a climactic battle scene.
La película terminó con una escena de batalla climática.
C1 noun /ˈkʌvənənt/

covenant

pacto
Meaning
a formal agreement or promise, often legally binding
Example
The landlord and tenant signed a covenant to maintain the property.
El arrendador y el inquilino firmaron un pacto para mantener la propiedad.
C1 adjective /kəˈlæpsəbl̩/

collapsible

plegable
Meaning
able to be folded down or reduced in size
Example
She bought a collapsible chair for camping.
Ella compró una silla plegable para acampar.
C1 adjective /ˈkæni/

canny

astuto
Meaning
Having good judgment, especially in business or practical matters; shrewd.
Example
She made a canny investment in real estate.
Ella hizo una inversión astuta en bienes raíces.
C1 verb /kənˈsaɪn/

consign

consignar
Meaning
to deliver something to a person or place, often for selling or safekeeping
Example
He consigned the package to the shipping company.
Él consignó el paquete a la compañía de envíos.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊntərˌpɔɪnt/

counterpoint

contrapunto
Meaning
an argument, idea, or theme contrasting with another; also a musical term for independent melody
Example
Her calm attitude was a counterpoint to his anger.
Su actitud tranquila fue un contrapunto a su ira.
C1 verb /ˈsɪvɪlaɪz/

civilize

civilizar
Meaning
to bring a society or group to a more developed, organized, or socially acceptable state; to educate and refine behavior
Example
Education can help civilize communities by promoting shared values and respect.
La educación puede ayudar a civilizar a las comunidades promoviendo valores compartidos y respeto.
C1 noun /ˈkɒntrəbænd/

contraband

mercancías ilegales
Meaning
goods that are illegal to import, export, or possess
Example
The police seized a shipment of contraband cigarettes.
La policía incautó un cargamento de cigarrillos de contrabando.
C1 adjective kəʊˈhiː.sɪv

cohesive

cohesivo
Meaning
Characterized by or causing cohesion; forming a united whole.
Example
The team displayed a cohesive strategy.
El equipo mostró una estrategia cohesionada.
C1 noun /ˈkleɪmənt/

claimant

reclamante
Meaning
a person who makes a claim, especially in a legal or financial context
Example
The claimant filed for compensation after the accident.
El reclamante presentó una solicitud de compensación después del accidente.
C1 verb /ˈkɒr.ə.leɪt/

correlate

establecer una relación
Meaning
To have a mutual relationship or connection; to establish a relationship between two or more things.
Example
Researchers found that diet and mental health correlate strongly.
Los investigadores descubrieron que la dieta y la salud mental se correlacionan fuertemente.
C1 adjective /ˈkoʊvərt/

covert

secreto
Meaning
hidden, secret, or not openly acknowledged
Example
The spy conducted a covert operation behind enemy lines.
El espía llevó a cabo una operación encubierta detrás de las líneas enemigas.
C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrməns/

conformance

conformidad
Meaning
The act of conforming to a rule, standard, or law.
Example
The product was tested for conformance with safety standards.
El producto fue probado para su conformidad con los estándares de seguridad.
C1 noun /krʌtʃ/

crutch

muleta, apoyo
Meaning
a support used by someone injured to walk; also something relied upon for support or help
Example
He had to use crutches after breaking his leg.
Tuvo que usar muletas después de romperse la pierna.
C1 verb /kənˈkɒkt/

concoct

crear o inventar
Meaning
to make something, especially food or a story, by mixing or inventing
Example
He concocted a story to explain his absence.
Él inventó una historia para explicar su ausencia.
C1 noun /ˌkɔr.diˈæl.ɪ.ti/

Cordiality

cordialidad; amabilidad
Meaning
sincere affection and kindness; warm and friendly behavior
Example
The host's cordiality made all the guests feel welcome and comfortable.
La cordialidad del anfitrión hizo que todos los invitados se sintieran bienvenidos y cómodos.
C1 adjective /ˈkjʊərəbl/

curable

curable
Meaning
Able to be cured or healed.
Example
The doctor assured her that the disease was curable.
El doctor le aseguró que la enfermedad era curable.
C1 adjective /ˌʃoʊ.vəˈnɪs.tɪk/

chauvinistic

chauvinista
Meaning
Displaying or characterized by excessive or prejudiced loyalty or support, especially towards one's own gender or group.
Example
His chauvinistic attitude alienated many of his female colleagues.
Su actitud chauvinista alienó a muchas de sus compañeras de trabajo.
C1 adjective /kɑːrˈnɪv.ər.əs/

Carnivorous

carnívoro
Meaning
feeding on other animals; meat-eating
Example
Lions are carnivorous animals that hunt other animals for food.
Los leones son animales carnívoros que cazan otros animales para alimentarse.
C1 adjective kəˈlɒs.əl

Colossal

colosal
Meaning
Extremely large, gigantic, enormous in size or extent.
Example
The colossal pyramids of Egypt are a marvel of architecture.
Las colosales pirámides de Egipto son una maravilla de la arquitectura.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrkəs/

carcass

cuerpo muerto de un animal
Meaning
the dead body of an animal, especially after being slaughtered
Example
Vultures fed on the carcass left in the field.
Los buitres se alimentaron del cadáver dejado en el campo.
C1 noun kəˈmjuːnɪti ˈsɜːrvɪs aɪˈdiːəlz

community service ideals

ideales de servicio comunitario
Meaning
Principles and standards of serving the community for social good.
Example
Community service ideals must be taught in schools.
Los ideales de servicio comunitario deben enseñarse en las escuelas.
C1 adjective /kəˈmɛmərətɪv/

commemorative

conmemorativo
Meaning
Serving as a reminder or in honor of a person or event.
Example
They issued a commemorative coin for the independence anniversary.
Emitieron una moneda conmemorativa para el aniversario de la independencia.
C1 noun ˈkɑːr.bən ˌsiː.kwəˈstreɪ.ʃən

carbon sequestration

secuestro de carbono
Meaning
The process of capture and long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide to mitigate or defer global warming.
Example
Forests play a key role in carbon sequestration.
Los bosques juegan un papel clave en la secuestración de carbono.
C1 adjective ˈkrɪp.tɪk

cryptic

críptico, enigmático, ambiguo
Meaning
Having a meaning that is mysterious or obscure; difficult to understand.
Example
The message was cryptic and hard to decipher.
El mensaje era críptico y difícil de descifrar.
C1 noun /krəˈnɒlədʒi/

chronology

cronología
Meaning
The arrangement of events or dates in the order of their occurrence.
Example
The chronology of the dynasty was carefully studied by historians.
La cronología de la dinastía fue cuidadosamente estudiada por los historiadores.
C1 adjective ˈkʌm.bə.səm

cumbersome

pesado, torpe, difícil de manejar
Meaning
Heavy, unwieldy, difficult to handle or carry.
Example
The cumbersome luggage slowed him down.
El equipaje pesado lo ralentizó.
C1 noun /ˈkrɒkəri/

crockery

vajilla
Meaning
Dishes, plates, cups, and other items made of earthenware or china.
Example
The hotel provided clean crockery for the guests.
El hotel proporcionó vajilla limpia para los huéspedes.
C1 noun kənˌsɒl.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən

Consolidation

consolidación de la memoria
Meaning
The process of converting newly learned information into long-term memory
Example
Sleep plays a key role in memory consolidation.
El sueño juega un papel clave en la consolidación de la memoria.
C1 noun /ˈsɛntɪˌliːtər/

centiliter

centilitro
Meaning
A metric unit of capacity equal to one hundredth of a liter.
Example
The recipe calls for 20 centiliters of milk.
La receta requiere 20 centilitros de leche.
C1 noun kənˈsjuː.mə.rɪ.zəm

consumerism

consumismo
Meaning
The tendency to increase consumption of goods and the importance given to consuming products.
Example
Modern consumerism leads to increased demand for luxury goods.
El consumismo moderno lleva a una mayor demanda de productos de lujo.
C1 noun /kəˈpɪl.ər.iz/

capillaries

capilares
Meaning
Any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.
Example
Broken capillaries cause dark circles.
Las capilares rotas causan círculos oscuros.
C1 noun /ˈkroʊ.bɑːr/

Crowbar

palanca
Meaning
a heavy iron bar with a curved end used as a lever for prying things apart
Example
He used a crowbar to remove the old nails.
Él usó una barra de hierro para sacar los clavos viejos.
C1 noun /ˈtʃænsələr/

chancellor

canciller / rector
Meaning
A senior state or legal official, or the head of a university.
Example
The chancellor delivered an inspiring speech at the graduation ceremony.
El canciller pronunció un discurso inspirador en la ceremonia de graduación.
C1 verb /kəmˈprɛs/

compress

comprimir
Meaning
to press or squeeze something so that it becomes smaller
Example
The file was compressed to save storage space.
El archivo fue comprimido para ahorrar espacio de almacenamiento.
C1 adjective /ˌkɒmprɪˈhɛnsəbl/

comprehensible

comprensible
Meaning
able to be understood; intelligible
Example
The teacher explained the topic in a comprehensible way.
El maestro explicó el tema de una manera comprensible.
C1 adjective /kəmˈplaɪənt/

compliant

conforme
Meaning
Willing to agree with or follow rules, requests, or demands.
Example
She was compliant with all the safety requirements.
Ella estaba conforme con todos los requisitos de seguridad.
C1 adjective /ˈkjuːmjələtɪv/

cumulative

cumulativo
Meaning
Increasing gradually by addition; growing in quantity, force, or effect.
Example
The cumulative effect of stress can harm your health.
El efecto acumulativo del estrés puede dañar tu salud.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈsɛlɪbət/

celibate

célibe; celibato
Meaning
abstaining from marriage and sexual relations; a person who does so
Example
He chose to remain celibate for religious reasons.
Eligió permanecer en celibato por motivos religiosos.
C1 adjective ˌkaʊntəprəˈdʌktɪv

counterproductive

contraproducente
Meaning
Having the opposite of the desired effect; tending to hinder rather than help.
Example
Counterproductive activities often stem from dissatisfaction.
Las actividades contraproducentes a menudo surgen de la insatisfacción.
C1 adjective /ˈʃɪvəlrəs/

chivalrous

caballeroso
Meaning
Behaving in a courteous, gallant, and honorable way, especially toward women.
Example
He was chivalrous, always opening doors for others.
Él era caballeroso, siempre abriendo puertas para los demás.
C1 noun /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/

calligraphy

el arte de la escritura hermosa y decorativa
Meaning
The art of beautiful and decorative handwriting.
Example
She took a course to improve her calligraphy skills.
Ella tomó un curso para mejorar sus habilidades en caligrafía.
C1 verb ˌkəʊ.əˈles

coalesce

fusionarse
Meaning
Come together and form one mass or whole; unite to form one organization or group.
Example
The different theories coalesced into one unified idea.
Las diferentes teorías se fusionaron en una idea unificada.
C1 noun/verb /kruːˈseɪd/

crusade

cruzada, campaña intensa
Meaning
a vigorous campaign for a social, political, or religious cause; to fight passionately for a cause
Example
She has been crusading for women's rights all her life.
ella ha estado cruzando por los derechos de las mujeres toda su vida.
C1 adjective /kənˈtraɪvd/

contrived

artificial o forzado; no natural ni espontáneo
Meaning
artificial or forced; not natural or spontaneous
Example
The ending of the movie felt contrived and unrealistic.
El final de la película se sintió forzado e irreal.
C1 verb /ˈkriːmeɪt/

cremate

cremar
Meaning
to burn a dead body to ashes as a funeral rite
Example
According to his wishes, they cremated his body after the funeral.
Según sus deseos, cremaron su cuerpo después del funeral.