convergence
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C1 noun kənˈvɜː.dʒəns

convergence

convergencia
Meaning
The process of coming together from different directions to meet at a common point; unification or integration.
Example
The convergence of technologies is revolutionizing industries.
La convergencia de tecnologías está revolucionando las industrias.
C1 adjective /kənˈspɪkjuəs/

conspicuous

conspicuo
Meaning
Easily noticeable; attracting attention due to being unusual or prominent.
Example
Her red dress made her conspicuous at the party.
Su vestido rojo la hizo conspicua en la fiesta.
C1 adjective /kənˈɡrɛʃənl/

congressional

congresista
Meaning
relating to a congress, especially the US Congress
Example
The bill received strong congressional support.
El proyecto de ley recibió un fuerte apoyo congresista.
C1 noun /krɪpt/

crypt

cripta
Meaning
an underground chamber, especially one beneath a church, used as a burial place
Example
The tourists explored the ancient crypt beneath the cathedral.
Los turistas exploraron la antigua cripta debajo de la catedral.
C1 noun /kæsˈkeɪd/

Cascade

cascada; una sucesión de etapas o operaciones
Meaning
a waterfall; a succession of stages or operations
Example
The mountain cascade created a beautiful natural swimming pool below.
La cascada de la montaña creó una hermosa piscina natural de natación abajo.
C1 adjective /kɜːrt/

curt

ríspido
Meaning
Rudely brief in speech or manner.
Example
His curt reply made everyone uncomfortable.
Su respuesta ríspida hizo que todos se sintieran incómodos.
C1 adjective /kənˈteɪ.dʒəs/

Contagious

contagioso; infeccioso
Meaning
likely to spread to and affect others; infectious
Example
Her laughter is contagious and makes everyone smile.
Su risa es contagiosa y hace sonreír a todos.
C1 verb /kənˈsaɪn/

consign

consignar
Meaning
to deliver something to a person or place, often for selling or safekeeping
Example
He consigned the package to the shipping company.
Él consignó el paquete a la compañía de envíos.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊərdɪs/

cowardice

cobardía
Meaning
lack of courage; behavior showing fear
Example
His cowardice prevented him from speaking up.
Su cobardía le impidió hablar.
C1 noun /ˈkʌntrɪmən/

countryman

compatriota
Meaning
a person from one's own country or rural area
Example
He was proud to meet a fellow countryman at the international conference.
Se sintió orgulloso de conocer a un compatriota en la conferencia internacional.
C1 noun kəˈmjunəl ˈhɑrməni

communal harmony

armonía comunal
Meaning
Peaceful coexistence and cooperation among different groups in a community.
Example
Maintaining communal harmony requires mutual respect and understanding.
Mantener la armonía comunal requiere respeto y comprensión mutuos.
C1 noun /krʌks/

crux

el núcleo
Meaning
the most important or decisive point of an issue
Example
The crux of the problem lies in poor communication.
El núcleo del problema radica en la mala comunicación.
C1 noun /ˈkrɛvɪs/

crevice

grieta
Meaning
a narrow crack or opening, especially in a rock or wall
Example
The lizard hid in a crevice between the stones.
El lagarto se escondió en una grieta entre las piedras.
C1 adjective /ˈkrɛdɪtəbl/

creditable

digno de elogio
Meaning
Deserving praise or acknowledgment, though not necessarily outstanding.
Example
She made a creditable effort in completing the project on time.
Ella hizo un esfuerzo digno de elogio al completar el proyecto a tiempo.
C1 adjective /klæd/

clad

vestido / cubierto
Meaning
dressed or covered in a particular way
Example
The knight was clad in shining armor.
El caballero estaba vestido con una brillante armadura.
C1 noun /ˈkæn.ɪ.bəl/

Cannibal

caníbal
Meaning
a person who eats the flesh of other human beings
Example
The explorer's journal described rumors of cannibals living on the remote island.
El diario del explorador describía rumores de caníbales viviendo en la isla remota.
C1 noun /kɑːrˈtɒɡrəfər/

cartographer

cartógrafo
Meaning
A person who makes maps.
Example
The cartographer carefully drew the map of the new territory.
El cartógrafo dibujó cuidadosamente el mapa del nuevo territorio.
C1 noun/adjective /klɛft/

cleft

grieta
Meaning
a split or crack; a space or opening made by cleavage
Example
The goat disappeared into a cleft in the rocks.
La cabra desapareció en una grieta en las rocas.
C1 noun /ˈkærət/

carat

unidad de peso para piedras preciosas
Meaning
a unit of weight for precious stones, equal to 200 milligrams
Example
She received a two-carat diamond ring for her engagement.
Ella recibió un anillo de diamantes de dos quilates para su compromiso.
C1 adjective + noun kəˈmendəbəl ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

commendable initiatives

iniciativas loables
Meaning
Praiseworthy efforts or actions that deserve admiration and approval.
Example
The commendable initiatives aim to raise awareness.
Las iniciativas loables tienen como objetivo aumentar la conciencia.
C1 adjective kəˈlɒs.əl

Colossal

colosal
Meaning
Extremely large, gigantic, enormous in size or extent.
Example
The colossal pyramids of Egypt are a marvel of architecture.
Las colosales pirámides de Egipto son una maravilla de la arquitectura.
C1 adjective /kənˈdjuː.sɪv/

conducive

propicio
Meaning
Making a certain situation or outcome likely or possible; contributing to or helping to bring about.
Example
A quiet environment is conducive to studying.
Un ambiente tranquilo es propicio para estudiar.
C1 noun /tʃɪt/

Chit

nota, billete, recibo
Meaning
a short note, typically a brief informal letter; a voucher for a sum owed
Example
She left a chit on the table asking him to call her back.
Ella dejó un chit en la mesa pidiéndole que la llamara de vuelta.
C1 adjective /kənˈvɜːrdʒənt/

convergent

convergente
Meaning
tending to move toward a common point or result
Example
The two rivers have a convergent path before entering the lake.
Los dos ríos tienen un camino convergente antes de entrar al lago.
C1 noun /kənˈtɪnjuəm/

continuum

continuo
Meaning
A continuous sequence in which adjacent elements are not perceptibly different from each other, but the extremes are quite distinct.
Example
Life and death are often seen as part of the same continuum.
La vida y la muerte a menudo se ven como parte del mismo continuo.
C1 noun /kənˈteɪdʒən/

contagion

contagio
Meaning
The communication of disease from one person to another by close contact; also the spread of harmful ideas or behaviors.
Example
Fear spread like a contagion through the crowd.
El miedo se extendió como un contagio entre la multitud.
C1 noun /kɑːɡ/

cog

diente de rueda o engranaje
Meaning
A tooth on the rim of a wheel or gear; metaphorically, a minor but necessary part of a larger system.
Example
He felt like just a small cog in a big machine.
Se sintió como un pequeño engranaje en una gran máquina.
C1 verb কনডেন্স

condense

condensarse
Meaning
To change from gas to liquid form; to become denser.
Example
Water vapor condenses into raindrops.
El vapor de agua se condensa en gotas de lluvia.
C1 adjective /ˈsiːs.ləs/

Ceaseless

incesante; continuo
Meaning
continuing without pause or interruption; endless
Example
The ceaseless rain lasted for three days.
La lluvia incesante duró tres días.
C1 noun /kənˈstɪtʃuənsi/

constituency

circunscripción
Meaning
A geographical area whose residents elect a representative to a legislative body.
Example
She campaigned tirelessly across her constituency.
Hizo campaña incansablemente por su circunscripción.
C1 noun /kɒzˈmɒlədʒi/

cosmology

cosmología
Meaning
the science of the origin and development of the universe
Example
She studied cosmology to understand the origins of the universe.
Estudió cosmología para entender los orígenes del universo.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊn.tə.nəns/

countenance

rostro, expresión; apoyo
Meaning
a person's face or expression; support or approval
Example
Her cheerful countenance brightened the room.
Su rostro alegre iluminó la habitación.
C1 adjective /kənˈsɜːrtɪd/

concerted

concertado
Meaning
done with great effort, planned and performed together by multiple people
Example
The workers made a concerted effort to improve conditions.
Los trabajadores hicieron un esfuerzo concertado para mejorar las condiciones.
C1 adjective /kənˈstreɪnd/

constrained

limitado, forzado
Meaning
appearing forced, unnatural, or restricted
Example
He gave a constrained smile during the awkward meeting.
Él dio una sonrisa forzada durante la reunión incómoda.
C1 verb /kənˈtraɪv/

contrive

idear
Meaning
to plan or devise cleverly or skillfully
Example
She contrived a clever plan to surprise her friends.
Ella ideó un plan ingenioso para sorprender a sus amigos.
C1 adjective /ˈkæn.dɪd/

Candid

sincero; franco; honesto
Meaning
truthful and straightforward; frank and honest in expression
Example
I appreciate your candid opinion about the project.
Aprecio tu opinión sincera sobre el proyecto.
C1 adjective /kənˈtɪn.ju.əl/

Continual

continuo; ininterrumpido;
Meaning
happening repeatedly over a long period of time; constant and uninterrupted
Example
The continual noise from the construction site was very annoying.
El ruido continuo del sitio de construcción era muy molesto.
C1 noun /kəmˈprɛʃn̩/

compression

compresión
Meaning
The act of pressing or squeezing something into a smaller space.
Example
File compression helps reduce storage requirements.
La compresión de archivos ayuda a reducir los requisitos de almacenamiento.
C1 adjective /ˌser.ɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Ceremonial

ceremonial
Meaning
relating to or used in ceremonies; formal and ritualistic
Example
The ceremonial dress was worn during the royal wedding.
El vestido ceremonial se usó durante la boda real.
C1 noun kənˈɡlɒm.ər.ət

conglomerate

conglomerado
Meaning
A large corporation formed by the merging of separate and diverse firms.
Example
The company grew into a multinational conglomerate.
La compañía se convirtió en un conglomerado multinacional.
C1 noun /kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/

Compulsion

compulsión; coacción;
Meaning
the action or state of forcing or being forced to do something; an irresistible urge to behave in a certain way
Example
He felt a strong compulsion to check his phone every few minutes.
Sintió una fuerte compulsión de revisar su teléfono cada pocos minutos.
C1 noun /ˈkɒləmnɪst/

columnist

columnista
Meaning
a journalist who regularly writes articles or opinions for a newspaper or magazine
Example
The columnist wrote an article about climate change.
El columnista escribió un artículo sobre el cambio climático.
C1 noun /ˈkælkjʊləs/

calculus

cálculo
Meaning
A branch of mathematics concerned with rates of change and accumulation; also a hard mineral deposit in the body such as on teeth.
Example
Calculus is essential for advanced studies in physics and engineering.
El cálculo es esencial para los estudios avanzados en física e ingeniería.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnstəˈneɪʃən/

consternation

consternación
Meaning
A feeling of anxiety, dismay, or confusion, often caused by something unexpected.
Example
The sudden announcement caused widespread consternation among the employees.
El anuncio repentino causó una consternación generalizada entre los empleados
C1 adjective/verb /ˈkɒn.sə.mət/

consummate

completar o perfeccionar algo con gran habilidad
Meaning
To complete or perfect something with great skill
Example
He is a consummate artist with years of experience.
Él es un artista consumado con años de experiencia.
C1 noun /ˌkɒrəˈneɪʃən/

coronation

coronación
Meaning
the act or ceremony of crowning a sovereign or monarch
Example
The coronation of the new king was attended by thousands of people.
La coronación del nuevo rey fue presenciada por miles de personas.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrtrɪdʒ/

cartridge

cartucho
Meaning
A container holding a substance or device, such as ink for printers or bullets for firearms.
Example
The printer stopped working because the ink cartridge was empty.
La impresora dejó de funcionar porque el cartucho de tinta estaba vacío.
C1 adjective /kənˈtɪɡ.ju.əs/

contiguous

contiguo
Meaning
sharing a common border; touching
Example
The two continguous houses shared a wall.
Las dos casas contiguas compartieron una pared.
C1 verb /ˈsenʃər/

censure

censurar, criticar severamente
Meaning
to criticize severely; to express strong disapproval
Example
The committee censured the politician for his misconduct.
El comité censuró al político por su mala conducta.
C1 adjective/noun /ˈkɜːrsɪv/

cursive

letra cursiva
Meaning
Written with characters joined together in a flowing manner.
Example
The teacher asked students to write the essay in cursive handwriting.
El maestro pidió a los estudiantes que escribieran el ensayo con letra cursiva.
C1 noun /kəˈpɪl.ər.iz/

capillaries

capilares
Meaning
Any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.
Example
Broken capillaries cause dark circles.
Las capilares rotas causan círculos oscuros.
C1 noun /ˈʃæsi/

chassis

chasis del vehículo
Meaning
the base frame of a vehicle or other wheeled machine
Example
The mechanic examined the car's chassis for damage.
El mecánico examinó el chasis del coche en busca de daños.
C1 noun /ʃəˈreɪd/

charade

farsa, juego de mímica
Meaning
an absurd pretense or act intended to deceive; also a word-guessing game
Example
The trial was nothing more than a political charade.
El juicio no fue más que una farsa política.
C1 adjective /ˌkævəˈlɪər/

cavalier

despreocupado
Meaning
showing a lack of proper concern; dismissive or offhand
Example
He had a cavalier attitude toward safety regulations.
Tenía una actitud despreocupada hacia las normas de seguridad.
C1 noun /kriːd/

creed

creencia, principio
Meaning
A system of religious or spiritual beliefs or a guiding principle.
Example
Freedom of speech is part of his personal creed.
La libertad de expresión es parte de su credo personal.
C1 noun sɪˈmɛntɪd ɡreɪv

cemented grave

tumba cementada
Meaning
A grave that is constructed with cement for permanence.
Example
The cemented grave of the martyrs was seen near the river.
La tumba cementada de los mártires fue vista cerca del río.
C1 verb /kəˈpɪtjʊˌleɪt/

capitulate

capitular
Meaning
to surrender or give in after resisting
Example
The army had no choice but to capitulate to the enemy.
El ejército no tuvo más opción que capitular ante el enemigo.
C1 adjective /kɔɪ/

coy

tímido, reservado
Meaning
reluctant to give details or reveal feelings; shy or reserved
Example
She gave a coy smile when asked about her plans.
Ella dio una sonrisa tímida cuando le preguntaron sobre sus planes.
C1 noun /səˈvɪləti/

civility

cortesía
Meaning
Polite and courteous behavior.
Example
He treated his opponent with civility despite their differences.
Trató a su oponente con cortesía a pesar de sus diferencias.
C1 noun /kəˈmɪtl̩/

committal

envío a prisión / detención
Meaning
The action of sending a person to prison or a mental hospital; also the act of committing something to a particular place.
Example
The judge ordered the committal of the accused to custody.
El juez ordenó el envío del acusado a la custodia.
C1 noun /ˈkʌvənənt/

covenant

pacto
Meaning
a formal agreement or promise, often legally binding
Example
The landlord and tenant signed a covenant to maintain the property.
El arrendador y el inquilino firmaron un pacto para mantener la propiedad.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnɪfər/

conifer

Conífera
Meaning
a type of tree that bears cones and evergreen needle-like leaves, such as pine or fir
Example
The forest is dominated by conifers like pine and spruce.
El bosque está dominado por coníferas como el pino y el abeto.
C1 noun ˈklaɪmət ˌrɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən

climate regulation

regulación del clima
Meaning
The moderation of climate conditions through natural or artificial processes.
Example
Forests help in climate regulation by stabilizing local temperatures.
Los bosques ayudan a la regulación del clima estabilizando las temperaturas locales.
C1 noun/verb /ˈkætəpʌlt/

catapult

catapulta / dispositivo para lanzar
Meaning
A device for launching objects at high speed; to hurl or launch something suddenly.
Example
The invention catapulted him to international fame.
La invención lo catapultó a la fama internacional.
C1 noun /ˈkɒt.ən ˈfæb.rɪk/

Cotton Fabric

tela de algodón
Meaning
textile made from cotton fibers, known for being soft, breathable, and comfortable
Example
Cotton fabric is perfect for summer clothing.
La tela de algodón es perfecta para la ropa de verano.
C1 noun, adjective /ˈsɛntənəri/ or /sɛnˈtɛnəri/

centenary

centenario
Meaning
The hundredth anniversary of a significant event; relating to a period of 100 years.
Example
The school celebrated its centenary with a grand event.
La escuela celebró su centenario con un gran evento.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈkeɪnaɪn/

canine

relacionado con los perros / dientes caninos
Meaning
Relating to dogs; also refers to the pointed teeth in humans and animals
Example
The police trained a canine unit for search operations.
La policía entrenó una unidad canina para las operaciones de búsqueda.
C1 noun/verb /kroʊˈʃeɪ/

crochet

croché
Meaning
Needlework made by interlocking loops of thread with a hooked needle; the act of making such items.
Example
She learned how to crochet a scarf for winter.
Ella aprendió a hacer un suéter de lana para el invierno.
C1 verb /kəmˈpjuːt/

compute

calcular
Meaning
To calculate or determine by using a computer or mathematical methods.
Example
The software can compute the total cost in seconds.
El software puede calcular el costo total en segundos.
C1 verb /ˈkælɪˌbreɪt/

calibrate

calibrar
Meaning
To adjust or mark something so it can be used accurately; to standardize.
Example
The technician calibrated the machine before starting the experiment.
El técnico calibró la máquina antes de comenzar el experimento.
C1 noun /kənˈvʌl.ʃən/

convulsion

convulsión
Meaning
a sudden, violent, involuntary contraction of muscles; a seizure
Example
The medicine helped prevent convulsions in children.
El medicamento ayudó a prevenir las convulsiones en los niños.
C1 verb /ˈkɒnsɔːrt/

consort

compañero, consorte real
Meaning
To associate with someone, typically with disapproval; also, a spouse of a reigning monarch.
Example
He was criticized for consorting with criminals.
Fue criticado por asociarse con criminales.
C1 noun/verb kənˈdʒɛk.tʃər

conjecture

conjetura
Meaning
An opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information; to form an opinion or supposition about something.
Example
The scientist's conjecture was later proven true.
La conjetura del científico fue luego comprobada como cierta.
C1 noun /ˈkæviˌæt/

caveat

advertencia
Meaning
a warning or condition to be considered before taking action
Example
The proposal was accepted with one caveat.
La propuesta fue aceptada con una advertencia.
C1 noun /krʌˈsteɪʃən/

crustacean

animal acuático con caparazón duro
Meaning
an aquatic animal with a hard shell, such as crabs, lobsters, and shrimps
Example
Crabs and lobsters are well-known crustaceans.
Los cangrejos y langostas son conocidos crustáceos.
C1 noun /ˈsɪn.ɪˌsɪz.əm/

cynicism

cinismo
Meaning
An inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest; skepticism.
Example
His cynicism made it hard for him to trust anyone.
Su cinismo le dificultaba confiar en alguien.
C1 verb /ˈkɒnskrɪpt/

conscript

construir un ejército forzando a alguien a unirse
Meaning
to force someone into military service
Example
The government conscripted young men during the war.
El gobierno conscribió a los jóvenes durante la guerra.
C1 adjective /ˈkræfti/

crafty

astuto, ingenioso, tramposo
Meaning
skilled at achieving goals through cunning or deceit; sly
Example
The crafty fox evaded the hunters again.
El astuto zorro evadió a los cazadores nuevamente.
C1 verb /kənˈstrɪkt/

constrict

contraer
Meaning
to make narrower or tighter; to shrink or compress
Example
The snake constricted its prey before swallowing.
La serpiente contrajo a su presa antes de tragarla.
C1 adverb /ˈkɔːrdiəli/

Cordially

cordialmente
Meaning
in a warm and friendly manner; sincerely
Example
You are cordially invited to our wedding ceremony.
Estás cordialmente invitado a nuestra ceremonia de boda.
C1 verb /ˈkrɒs.briːd/

crossbreed

cruzar razas
Meaning
to produce an animal or plant by mating two different breeds, varieties, or species
Example
Farmers crossbreed cows to improve milk production.
Los agricultores cruzan vacas para mejorar la producción de leche.
C1 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈbæləns/

counterbalance

contrarrestar
Meaning
to offset or balance the effect of something
Example
Exercise can counterbalance the negative effects of stress.
El ejercicio puede contrarrestar los efectos negativos del estrés.
C1 noun /ˈkjuːmɪn/

Cumin

comino
Meaning
A spice made from the dried seeds of a plant in the parsley family, with a warm earthy flavor
Example
Cumin is an essential spice in Indian and Middle Eastern cooking.
El comino es una especia esencial en la cocina india y del Medio Oriente.
C1 adjective /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/

compulsive

compulsivo
Meaning
Resulting from or acting on an irresistible urge, especially one that is against one's conscious wishes.
Example
He is a compulsive gambler who cannot stop placing bets.
Él es un jugador compulsivo que no puede dejar de apostar.
C1 verb /kʌl/

cull

seleccionar / eliminar
Meaning
to select or remove from a larger group, often to reduce numbers
Example
The farmers decided to cull the sick animals from the herd.
Los granjeros decidieron eliminar a los animales enfermos del rebaño.
C1 noun /ˈklaɪəntɛl/

clientele

clientela
Meaning
The clients or customers of a professional person or business.
Example
The salon's clientele includes many high-profile individuals.
La clientela del salón incluye a muchos individuos de alto perfil.
C1 noun /ʃæˈtoʊ/

chateau

castillo francés
Meaning
a large French country house or castle
Example
They stayed in a beautiful chateau in France.
Se alojaron en un hermoso castillo en Francia.
C1 verb /tʃaɪd/

chide

reprender
Meaning
to scold or rebuke; to express disapproval
Example
The teacher chided the student for being late.
El profesor reprendió al estudiante por llegar tarde.
C1 adjective /ˈkjʊərəbl/

curable

curable
Meaning
Able to be cured or healed.
Example
The doctor assured her that the disease was curable.
El doctor le aseguró que la enfermedad era curable.
C1 adjective /kənˈtraɪvd/

contrived

artificial o forzado; no natural ni espontáneo
Meaning
artificial or forced; not natural or spontaneous
Example
The ending of the movie felt contrived and unrealistic.
El final de la película se sintió forzado e irreal.
C1 adjective kənˈten.ʃəs

contentious

controvertido
Meaning
Causing or likely to cause an argument; controversial.
Example
The contentious issue divided global leaders.
El tema controvertido dividió a los líderes globales.
C1 noun /kənˈveɪəns/

conveyance

transporte
Meaning
The action or process of transporting or carrying someone or something from one place to another.
Example
The conveyance of goods was delayed due to bad weather.
El transporte de mercancías se retrasó debido al mal tiempo.
C1 noun /ˈkæpɪˌlɛri/

capillary

capilar
Meaning
a very thin blood vessel that connects arteries and veins
Example
Oxygen passes from the blood into tissues through capillaries.
El oxígeno pasa de la sangre a los tejidos a través de los capilares.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈkɔːrpərəl/

corporal

corporal
Meaning
relating to the body; a low-ranking officer in the military
Example
He suffered a corporal punishment for his mistake.
Él sufrió un castigo corporal por su error.
C1 verb /ˈkɒnsɪkreɪt/

consecrate

consagrar
Meaning
to make something sacred, usually through a religious ceremony
Example
The church was consecrated by the bishop.
La iglesia fue consagrada por el obispo.
C1 noun sɜːrˈkeɪdiən ˈrɪðəm

circadian rhythm

ritmo circadiano
Meaning
The body's natural sleep-wake cycle that occurs within 24 hours
Example
Exposure to natural light regulates the circadian rhythm.
La exposición a la luz natural regula el ritmo circadiano.
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒenɪtl/

congenital

congénito
Meaning
existing from birth, usually describing a disease or condition
Example
The child was born with a congenital heart defect.
El niño nació con un defecto congénito en el corazón.
C1 adjective /kəmˈplɪsɪt/

complicit

cómplice (en un crimen)
Meaning
involved with others in an illegal activity or wrongdoing
Example
He was found complicit in the crime.
Él fue encontrado cómplice en el crimen.
C1 noun /kəˈnɛəri/

canary

canario
Meaning
a small, usually yellow bird known for its singing; also used as a warning sign in dangerous conditions
Example
The canary sang beautifully in its cage.
El canario cantaba hermosamente en su jaula.
C1 noun /kənˈtentmənt/

contentment

satisfacción
Meaning
a state of happiness and satisfaction with what one has
Example
She felt a deep sense of contentment after helping others.
Sintió una profunda satisfacción después de ayudar a otros.
C1 noun /ˈkʌn.stə.bəl/

constable

agente
Meaning
a police officer of the lowest rank
Example
The constable directed traffic at the busy intersection.
El agente dirigió el tráfico en la intersección concurrida.
C1 noun /ˈkæn.dɚ/

candor

franqueza
Meaning
The quality of being open, honest, and straightforward in speech or expression.
Example
She spoke with candor about the challenges she faced.
Ella habló con franqueza sobre los desafíos que enfrentó.
C1 noun /kliːk/

clique

clique
Meaning
a small, exclusive group of people
Example
The students formed a clique that excluded others.
Los estudiantes formaron una clique que excluía a los demás.
C1 verb /ˈkəʊ.dɪ.faɪ/

codify

codificar
Meaning
to arrange laws, rules, or ideas into a clear and systematic code
Example
The committee worked to codify the existing laws.
El comité trabajó para codificar las leyes existentes.
C1 noun/verb /ˈsaɪ.fər/

cipher

cifrado
Meaning
A secret or disguised way of writing; a code; to put a message into secret writing.
Example
Military messages are protected using a cipher.
Los mensajes militares están protegidos mediante un cifrado.
C1 verb /kɜːrˈteɪl/

curtail

reducir
Meaning
to reduce or limit something, especially something considered undesirable
Example
The company had to curtail its spending due to budget cuts.
La compañía tuvo que reducir su gasto debido a los recortes presupuestarios.
C1 noun /ˈʃoʊ.və.nɪst/

chauvinist

persona excesivamente parcial
Meaning
A person displaying excessive or prejudiced loyalty to a group, cause, or gender.
Example
He was labeled a chauvinist after his remarks about women in the workplace.
Fue etiquetado como chauvinista después de sus comentarios sobre las mujeres en el lugar de trabajo.
C1 adjective /kənˈkluː.sɪv/

Conclusive

conclusivo; definitivo; resolviendo completamente un asunto
Meaning
final; decisive; settling a matter completely
Example
The evidence was conclusive and left no room for doubt.
La evidencia fue concluyente y no dejó lugar para la duda.
C1 adjective /ˈkɜːrsəri/

cursory

superficial
Meaning
Hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed.
Example
He gave the report only a cursory glance before the meeting.
Él echó un vistazo superficial al informe antes de la reunión.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒnvɛks/

convex

convexo, redondeado hacia afuera
Meaning
curved or rounded outward
Example
The lens has a convex shape to focus light.
La lente tiene una forma convexa para enfocar la luz.
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒiːniəl/

congenial

amistoso
Meaning
pleasant and friendly because of having similar interests or qualities
Example
They found the café a congenial place to meet and talk.
Encontraron el café un lugar amistoso para reunirse y charlar.
C1 noun /ˈkoʊtʃ.mən/

Coachman

cochero
Meaning
a person who drives a horse-drawn carriage or coach
Example
The coachman skillfully guided the horses through the busy streets.
El cochero guió hábilmente los caballos a través de las calles concurridas.
C1 noun /ˈkɑr.nɪdʒ/

Carnage

carnicería
Meaning
the killing of a large number of people; widespread slaughter
Example
The battlefield was filled with carnage after the brutal war.
El campo de batalla estaba lleno de carnicería después de la guerra brutal.
C1 verb/noun /ˈkrɒn.ɪ.kəl/

chronicle

registrar eventos en el orden en que ocurrieron
Meaning
To record events in the order in which they happened; a written record of historical events.
Example
She decided to chronicle her journey through a blog.
Ella decidió cronometrar su viaje a través de un blog.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈkɑːr.dɪ.nəl/

cardinal

cardenal / principal
Meaning
As an adjective: of prime importance; as a noun: a high-ranking Catholic clergyman or a type of bird.
Example
Honesty is a cardinal virtue in life.
La honestidad es una virtud cardinal en la vida.
C1 noun /kʌˈstoʊ.di.ən/

Custodian

conserje; guardián; encargado
Meaning
a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; a caretaker or guardian
Example
The school custodian ensures that all buildings are clean and secure.
El conserje de la escuela se asegura de que todos los edificios estén limpios y seguros.
C1 verb /ˈklæmbər/

clamber

escalar con dificultad
Meaning
to climb with effort or difficulty, often using both hands and feet
Example
The children clambered over the rocks to reach the cave.
Los niños escalaron las rocas para llegar a la cueva.
C1 noun ˌkʌl.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən

culmination

culminación. El punto más alto o culminante de algo, especialmente alcanzado después de mucho tiempo.
Meaning
The highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time.
Example
The project reached its culmination after years of effort.
El proyecto alcanzó su culminación después de años de esfuerzo.
C1 adjective ˈkɒn.və.luː.tɪd

convoluted

complicado
Meaning
Extremely complex and difficult to follow; twisted or intricate.
Example
His argument was so convoluted that no one understood it.
Su argumento era tan complicado que nadie lo entendió.
C1 noun /ˈkæn.ə.pi/

canopy

la capa superior de un bosque formada por las copas de los árboles; cobertura superior
Meaning
The upper layer of a forest formed by the crowns of trees; overhead cover.
Example
The rainforest canopy provides shelter to many birds and insects.
El dosel del bosque tropical proporciona refugio a muchas aves e insectos.
C1 noun /ˈkæptər/

captor

captor
Meaning
a person or group who has captured someone or something
Example
The hostage managed to escape from his captors.
El rehén logró escapar de sus captores.