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B2 verb /kənˈstrʌkt/

construct

construir
Meaning
to build or form something by putting parts together
Example
They plan to construct a new bridge over the river.
Ellos planean construir un nuevo puente sobre el río.
B2 noun ˌsaɪ.bə.sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti

cybersecurity

ciberseguridad
Meaning
The practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks
Example
Cybersecurity ensures safe digital operations.
La ciberseguridad garantiza operaciones digitales seguras.
B2 noun /ˈkɒmənˌteɪtər/

commentator

comentarista
Meaning
a person who reports and discusses events, especially on TV or radio
Example
The commentator described the football match in detail.
El comentarista describió el partido de fútbol en detalle.
B2 noun ˈkrɪp.toʊˌkɝː.ən.si

cryptocurrency

criptomoneda
Meaning
Decentralized digital currency operated using blockchain technology.
Example
Bitcoin is the most popular cryptocurrency in the market.
Bitcoin es la criptomoneda más popular en el mercado.
B2 adjective /ˈkælkjuleɪtɪd/

calculated

calculado
Meaning
Done with full awareness of the consequences; deliberate or carefully planned.
Example
Her calculated move gave her an advantage over her competitors.
Su movimiento calculado le dio una ventaja sobre sus competidores.
B2 noun /kənˈsɛnt/

consent

consentimiento
Meaning
permission for something to happen or agreement to do something
Example
She gave her consent before the operation.
Ella dio su consentimiento antes de la operación.
B2 verb /ˈkɒntəmpleɪt/

contemplate

contemplar
Meaning
to think deeply and carefully about something; to consider thoughtfully
Example
She sat quietly to contemplate her future plans.
Ella se sentó en silencio para contemplar sus planes futuros.
B2 adverb /kənˈvɜːrsli/

conversely

por el contrario
Meaning
in an opposite or contrary manner
Example
He is rich, conversely, his brother struggles financially.
Él es rico, por el contrario, su hermano lucha financieramente.
B2 adjective /ˈkeər.friː/

Carefree

sin preocupaciones; despreocupado;
Meaning
free from anxiety or responsibility; lighthearted; worry-free
Example
She lived a carefree life, traveling the world without any worries.
Ella vivió una vida sin preocupaciones, viajando por el mundo sin ninguna preocupación.
B2 noun /ˈsɜːr.tən.ti/

Certainty

certeza
Meaning
firm conviction that something is the case; the quality of being reliably true
Example
We can say with certainty that the project will be completed on time.
Podemos decir con certeza que el proyecto se completará a tiempo.
B2 verb /krʌʃ/

crush

presionar o aplastar algo con tanta fuerza que se dañe o destruya
Meaning
to press or squeeze something so hard that it is damaged or destroyed
Example
He accidentally crushed the paper cup in his hand.
Él accidentalmente aplastó el vaso de papel con su mano.
B2 noun /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/

Consumption

consumo
Meaning
The using up of a resource or the amount of a product consumed by consumers.
Example
High energy consumption leads to increased electricity bills.
El alto consumo de energía lleva a un aumento en las facturas de electricidad.
B2 noun ˈsɜːrkjələr ɪˈkɒnəmi

circular economy

economía circular
Meaning
An economic system aimed at eliminating waste and the continual use of resources through reuse, sharing, repair, refurbishment, remanufacturing and recycling.
Example
Adopting a circular economy can reduce waste.
Adoptar una economía circular puede reducir los residuos.
B2 noun /kəˈlɛktər/

collector

coleccionista
Meaning
a person who collects things as a hobby or job
Example
He is a stamp collector with thousands of rare items.
Él es un coleccionista de sellos con miles de artículos raros.
B2 adjective /kɒzˈmɛt.ɪk/

cosmetic

cosmético
Meaning
relating to beauty or appearance; intended to improve looks
Example
She bought a new cosmetic cream for her skin.
Ella compró una nueva crema cosmética para su piel.
B2 noun /krɪˈeɪtə/

creator

creador
Meaning
a person who brings something into existence
Example
He is the creator of many successful startups.
Él es el creador de muchas startups exitosas.
B2 noun /ˈkʌs.tə.mər rɪˈten.ʃən/

Customer Retention

retención de clientes
Meaning
The ability of a company or product to retain its customers over some specified period.
Example
High customer retention increases business sustainability.
Una alta retención de clientes aumenta la sostenibilidad del negocio.
B2 adjective /ˈklɪn.ɪ.kəl/

clinical

clínico
Meaning
Related to the observation and treatment of patients rather than theoretical study.
Example
The doctor conducted a clinical examination.
El doctor realizó un examen clínico.
B2 noun /ˌkɑn.frənˈteɪ.ʃən/

Confrontation

confrontación
Meaning
a hostile or argumentative meeting or situation between opposing parties; direct challenge or opposition
Example
The confrontation between the two leaders ended without any agreement.
La confrontación entre los dos líderes terminó sin ningún acuerdo.
B2 noun ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk ɪˈvents

catastrophic events

eventos catastróficos
Meaning
Extremely destructive or damaging events that cause widespread devastation.
Example
Cyclones are catastrophic events in Bangladesh.
Los ciclones son eventos catastróficos en Bangladesh.
B2 noun /ˈklʌstər/

cluster

racimo
Meaning
a group of similar things or people positioned close together
Example
The grapes grew in a tight cluster.
Las uvas crecieron en un racimo apretado.
B2 noun /koʊˈɔːrdɪˌneɪtər/

coordinator

coordinador
Meaning
a person who organizes people or activities so that they work well together
Example
The event coordinator managed everything perfectly.
El coordinador del evento gestionó todo perfectamente.
B2 noun ˈkærɪktər dɪˈvɛləpmənt

character development

desarrollo de personajes
Meaning
The process of creating a believable character in fiction by giving the character depth and personality.
Example
The character development of Sydney Carton is profound.
El desarrollo de personajes de Sydney Carton es profundo.
B2 verb /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/

cultivate

cultivar
Meaning
to grow crops or plants; to develop or improve something
Example
Farmers cultivate rice in the paddy fields.
Los agricultores cultivan arroz en los campos de arroz.
B2 adjective ˈkʌtɪŋ ˌɛdʒ

cutting-edge

de vanguardia, innovador, tecnología de última generación
Meaning
The most advanced or innovative; at the forefront of development.
Example
This company develops cutting-edge technology.
Esta empresa desarrolla tecnología de vanguardia.
B2 noun /kɒt/

Cot

cuna
Meaning
a small bed, especially a portable one or one for a baby
Example
The baby sleeps peacefully in her cot.
El bebé duerme tranquilamente en su cuna.
B2 noun/verb /ˈkɒmplɪmənt/

complement

complemento
Meaning
something that completes or goes well with something; to add something that enhances or improves
Example
The scarf complements her outfit perfectly.
la bufanda complementa su atuendo perfectamente.
B2 noun /ˌkɒrəˈleɪʃən/

correlation

correlación
Meaning
a mutual relationship or connection between two or more things
Example
Researchers found a strong correlation between diet and heart disease.
Los investigadores encontraron una fuerte correlación entre la dieta y las enfermedades del corazón.
B2 adjective /ˈtʃiːzi/

cheesy

barato/excesivamente sentimental
Meaning
tacky, overly sentimental, or cheap in quality
Example
The movie was funny but a bit too cheesy.
La película fue divertida, pero un poco demasiado cursi.
B2 noun /kleɪ/

clay

arcilla
Meaning
a natural material made of fine earth that becomes hard when baked, used for making pottery
Example
The artist molded the wet clay into a beautiful vase.
El artista moldeó la arcilla mojada en un hermoso jarrón.
B2 verb kəˈlæbəreɪt

collaborate

colaborar
Meaning
To work jointly with others, especially in an intellectual endeavor; cooperate.
Example
Volunteers often collaborate with local organizations.
Los voluntarios a menudo colaboran con organizaciones locales.
B2 noun ˈkɛmɪkəl weɪst

chemical waste

residuos químicos
Meaning
Waste material from industrial or laboratory processes that contains harmful chemicals.
Example
Chemical waste pollutes water bodies.
Los residuos químicos contaminan los cuerpos de agua.
B2 adjective /ˈtʃeɪn.dʒə.bəl/

Changeable

cambiable; inestable
Meaning
able to be changed; likely to change frequently
Example
The weather is very changeable in spring.
El clima es muy cambiante en primavera.
B2 adjective /kənˈdʒɛstɪd/

congested

congestionado
Meaning
Blocked up with too much traffic or crowding.
Example
The road was congested during rush hour.
La carretera estaba congestionada durante la hora punta.
B2 noun /ˈsɛmɪˌtɛri/

cemetery

cementerio
Meaning
a place where dead people are buried
Example
The old cemetery is located at the edge of the village.
El viejo cementerio está ubicado en el borde del pueblo.
B2 noun /ˈkɑː.bən ˈfʊt.prɪnt/

carbon footprint

huella de carbono
Meaning
The amount of carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds emitted due to the consumption of fossil fuels by a particular person, group, etc.
Example
Reducing carbon footprint is essential for combating climate change.
Reducir la huella de carbono es esencial para combatir el cambio climático.
B2 adjective /ˈsɪn.ɪ.kəl/

cynical

cínico
Meaning
Believing that people are motivated by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity.
Example
She was cynical about the politician's promises.
Ella era cínica acerca de las promesas del político.
B2 noun ˌkɒn.stɪˈtjuː.ʃən

constitution

constitución
Meaning
A body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state is governed.
Example
Constitutional reforms ensure equity.
Las reformas constitucionales aseguran la equidad.
B2 verb /koʊˈɔːrdɪˌneɪt/

coordinate

coordinar
Meaning
to organize people or things so that they work together effectively
Example
We need to coordinate our efforts to finish the project on time.
Necesitamos coordinar nuestros esfuerzos para terminar el proyecto a tiempo.
B2 noun /kɒd fɪʃ/

Cod fish

bacalao
Meaning
A large marine fish with white flesh, commonly used for food
Example
The fisherman caught a large cod fish in the North Atlantic.
El pescador atrapó un gran bacalao en el Atlántico Norte.
B2 adjective /ˈtʃuːzi/

choosy

exigente
Meaning
very careful in choosing; selective
Example
She is very choosy about the clothes she wears.
Ella es muy exigente con la ropa que usa.
B2 adjective /ˌkɒst.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/

cost-efficient

rentable
Meaning
Achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.
Example
Cost-efficient solutions benefit industries.
Las soluciones rentables benefician a las industrias.
B2 verb /ˌkɒmprɪˈhɛnd/

comprehend

comprender
Meaning
to understand or grasp the meaning of something
Example
It is difficult to comprehend the scale of the disaster.
Es difícil comprender la magnitud del desastre.
B2 noun /ˈkɒn.trɪ.bjʊ.tər/

contributor

contribuyente
Meaning
a person who gives something to help achieve a result
Example
He was a regular contributor to the local newspaper.
Él era un contribuyente regular al periódico local.
B2 adjective /kəmˈpæʃənət/

Compassionate

compasivo; solidario
Meaning
feeling or showing sympathy and concern for others who are suffering
Example
The compassionate nurse took extra time to comfort the worried patients.
La enfermera compasiva dedicó tiempo extra para consolar a los pacientes preocupados.
B2 verb /ˈkeɪtər/

cater

catering
Meaning
To provide food, drinks, or services, usually for an event or group.
Example
The company catered the wedding reception.
La empresa cateringizó la recepción de la boda.
B2 verb /kəˈlæps/

collapse

colapsar
Meaning
to fall down or inward suddenly; to break down completely
Example
The old building collapsed after the earthquake.
El viejo edificio colapsó después del terremoto.
B2 noun /ˈkɒmɜːs/

commerce

comercio
Meaning
the activity of buying and selling goods and services
Example
International commerce has expanded significantly in recent years.
El comercio internacional ha crecido significativamente en los últimos años.
B2 noun /ˈkəʊ.tɪŋ/

coating

recubrimiento
Meaning
A protective or decorative layer applied to a surface.
Example
A protective coating prevents rust formation.
Un recubrimiento protector evita la formación de óxido.
B2 noun/verb /kjuː/

cue

señal
Meaning
A signal or prompt for action; to give a signal.
Example
The actor waited for his cue before entering the stage.
El actor esperó su señal antes de entrar al escenario.
B2 noun kjuːz

cues

señales
Meaning
Signals or hints from conversation or environment that help understanding
Example
Facial expressions provide cues about a person's emotions.
Las expresiones faciales proporcionan señales sobre las emociones de una persona.
B2 adjective /ˌkɑː.di.əʊˈvæs.kjʊ.lər/

cardiovascular

relacionado con el corazón y los vasos sanguíneos
Meaning
Relating to the heart and blood vessels.
Example
Regular exercise improves cardiovascular health.
El ejercicio regular mejora la salud cardiovascular.
B2 verb /kəmˈpraɪz/

comprise

constituir
Meaning
To consist of or be made up of something.
Example
The committee comprises five members.
El comité está compuesto por cinco miembros.
B2 adverb /ˈkɒnsɪkwəntli/

consequently

por lo tanto
Meaning
as a result; therefore
Example
He didn’t study, and consequently he failed the exam.
Él no estudió, y por lo tanto reprobó el examen.
B2 noun /ˈsɛnsəs/

census

censo
Meaning
An official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals.
Example
The government conducted a census to update demographic data.
El gobierno realizó un censo para actualizar los datos demográficos.
B2 noun ˈkɔːrəl ˈriːfs

Coral Reefs

arrecifes de coral
Meaning
Underwater structures made from calcium carbonate secreted by corals, forming diverse marine ecosystems.
Example
Saint Martin's Island is known for its coral reefs.
La Isla de San Martín es conocida por sus arrecifes de coral.
B2 noun ক্লাইম্যাটিক কন্ডিশন্স

climatic conditions

condiciones climáticas
Meaning
The atmospheric or weather patterns of a particular region.
Example
Specific climatic conditions are required for snowfall.
Se requieren condiciones climáticas específicas para la nieve.
B2 noun /kənˈtɛmpt/

contempt

desprecio, desdén
Meaning
a strong feeling of dislike and lack of respect towards someone or something
Example
He spoke with contempt about the corrupt officials.
Él habló con desprecio acerca de los funcionarios corruptos.
B2 noun /ˌkɑn.trəˈdɪk.ʃən/

Contradiction

contradicción; inconsistencia
Meaning
a combination of statements, ideas, or features which are opposed to one another; inconsistency
Example
There was a clear contradiction between his words and his actions.
Había una clara contradicción entre sus palabras y sus acciones.
B2 verb /kənˈfɔːrm/

conform

ajustarse
Meaning
To comply with rules, standards, or laws.
Example
Students must conform to the school regulations.
Los estudiantes deben ajustarse a las regulaciones escolares.
B2 noun, adjective /ˈkɒrəl/

coral

coral
Meaning
a hard, rock-like marine organism formed by tiny sea animals; a pinkish-orange color resembling coral
Example
The coral in the reef provides shelter for many sea creatures.
El coral del arrecife proporciona refugio a muchas criaturas marinas.
B2 noun /ˈkɒmpoʊst/

compost

abono
Meaning
decayed organic matter used as fertilizer
Example
The gardener added compost to enrich the soil.
El jardinero añadió abono para enriquecer el suelo.
B2 noun /klɔː/

Claw

garra
Meaning
sharp curved nail on the foot of an animal or bird
Example
The cat extended its sharp claws to climb the tree.
El gato extendió sus garras afiladas para trepar al árbol.
B2 noun /ˈkæbɪnət/

Cabinet

gabinete
Meaning
a piece of furniture with doors and shelves used for storage
Example
The kitchen cabinet is full of dishes and utensils.
El gabinete de la cocina está lleno de platos y utensilios.
B2 noun /kəˈlɛstərɒl/

cholesterol

colesterol
Meaning
a fatty substance found in the blood, high levels of which can cause health problems
Example
High cholesterol can increase the risk of heart disease.
El colesterol alto puede aumentar el riesgo de enfermedades cardíacas.
B2 noun /ˈkʊk.uː/

Cuckoo

cuco
Meaning
a bird known for its distinctive call and for laying eggs in other birds' nests
Example
We heard the cuckoo calling from the forest early in the morning.
Escuchamos el canto del cuco desde el bosque por la mañana temprano.
B2 noun/adjective /ˈkæpɪtəlɪst/

capitalist

capitalista
Meaning
a person who supports or believes in capitalism; a wealthy business owner
Example
The capitalist believes in the freedom of the market.
El capitalista cree en la libertad del mercado.
B2 verb /saɪt/

cite

citar
Meaning
to quote; to mention as an example or proof
Example
The lawyer cites relevant case law.
El abogado cita la jurisprudencia relevante.
B2 preposition /kənˈsɜːnɪŋ/

concerning

concerniente
Meaning
about or relating to something; causing worry or anxiety
Example
There are some reports concerning the new project.
Hay algunos informes concernientes al nuevo proyecto.
B2 noun /ˈklɒzɪt/

closet

armario
Meaning
a small room or enclosed space used for storing clothes or other things
Example
She keeps her winter coats in the closet near the door.
Ella guarda sus abrigos de invierno en el armario cerca de la puerta.
B2 noun/verb /krɪˈtiːk/

critique

crítica
Meaning
A detailed analysis and assessment of something, especially a literary, philosophical, or political theory; to evaluate critically.
Example
The professor asked the students to critique each other's essays.
El profesor pidió a los estudiantes que criticaran los ensayos de los demás.
B2 verb /kənˈsoʊl/

console

consolar
Meaning
to comfort someone who is sad or disappointed; to provide solace
Example
She tried to console her friend after the loss.
Ella trató de consolar a su amiga después de la pérdida.
B2 verb /ˈkɑːmpənseɪt/

compensate

compensar
Meaning
to give something to make up for loss or damage; to counterbalance
Example
The company will compensate employees for overtime work.
La empresa compensará a los empleados por el trabajo extra.
B2 noun/adjective /kənˈstɪtʃuənt/

constituent

constituente
Meaning
Noun: A member of a constituency or an essential part of something. Adjective: Being a necessary part of a whole.
Example
The senator met with his constituents to discuss local issues.
El senador se reunió con sus constituyentes para discutir problemas locales.
B2 noun /ˈkɒpɪraɪt/

copyright

derechos de autor
Meaning
the legal right of the creator of a work to control its use and distribution
Example
She holds the copyright for the book.
Ella tiene los derechos de autor del libro.
B2 noun /ˈkaʊntərˌpɑːrt/

counterpart

contraparte
Meaning
a person or thing that corresponds to or has the same function as another
Example
The CEO met with his counterpart in the partner company.
El CEO se reunió con su contraparte en la empresa asociada.
B2 noun ˌkɒm.prɪˈhɛn.ʃən

comprehension

comprensión
Meaning
The ability to understand something; understanding or grasp of knowledge.
Example
Reading improves vocabulary and comprehension skills.
La lectura mejora el vocabulario y las habilidades de comprensión.
B2 verb /koʊp/

cope

hacer frente a
Meaning
to deal effectively with something difficult
Example
She had to cope with a lot of pressure at work.
Ella tuvo que hacer frente a mucha presión en el trabajo.
B2 verb /ˈkɒmpənseɪtɪd/

compensated

compensado
Meaning
to have been given something, typically money, as a recompense for loss, suffering, or work done
Example
The workers were compensated for their overtime hours.
Los trabajadores fueron compensados por sus horas extras.
B2 verb /ˈtʃɛrɪʃ/

cherish

atesorar
Meaning
To hold something dear, to love and protect, or to keep a hope or memory alive.
Example
She cherishes the memories of her childhood home.
Ella atesora los recuerdos de su casa de la infancia.
B2 noun /kənˈkʌʃən/

concussion

contusión cerebral
Meaning
A temporary unconsciousness or shock caused by a blow to the head.
Example
He suffered a concussion after falling from the bike.
Sufrió una contusión cerebral después de caerse de la bicicleta.
B2 verb /ˈklæsɪfaɪ/

classify

clasificar
Meaning
to arrange or organize into categories or groups
Example
The librarian classified the books by subject.
El bibliotecario clasificó los libros por tema.
B2 verb /ˈkɒm.plɪ.keɪt/

complicate

complicar
Meaning
To make something more difficult or confusing.
Example
The new rules will only complicate the process.
Las nuevas reglas solo complicarán el proceso.
B2 verb /ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt/

constitute

constituir
Meaning
To make up, form, or establish something.
Example
These documents constitute the legal agreement between the two parties.
Estos documentos constituyen el acuerdo legal entre las dos partes.
B2 verb /ˈkæt.ɪ.ɡə.raɪzd/

categorized

clasificado
Meaning
Placed in a particular class or group.
Example
The city was categorized as highly polluted.
La ciudad fue clasificada como altamente contaminada.
B2 noun /kɜːrv/

Curve

curva
Meaning
a line or outline that gradually deviates from being straight; a bend or turn in a road or path
Example
The driver slowed down as he approached the sharp curve in the mountain road.
El conductor redujo la velocidad al acercarse a la curva pronunciada en la carretera de montaña.
B2 noun /ˈkæp.tɪv/

Captive

cautivo
Meaning
a person who has been taken prisoner or an animal that has been confined
Example
The captive was held in a small cell for several months.
El cautivo fue mantenido en una pequeña celda durante varios meses.
B2 verb /kənˈtɛnd/

contend

competir, afirmar
Meaning
to strive or compete for something; to assert earnestly
Example
Athletes from around the world contend for the championship.
Los atletas de todo el mundo compiten por el campeonato.
B2 noun /kənˈdenst mɪlk/

Condensed milk

leche condensada
Meaning
milk from which water has been removed and sugar added, creating a thick, sweet product
Example
The recipe calls for a can of condensed milk to make the dessert extra creamy.
La receta requiere una lata de leche condensada para hacer el postre extra cremoso.
B2 verb /kəmˈpaɪl/

compile

recopilar
Meaning
to collect information or material and put it together in a list, report, or book
Example
She compiled the research data into a detailed report.
Ella recopiló los datos de investigación en un informe detallado.
B2 noun /kəˈrɪkjələm/

curriculum

currículo
Meaning
The subjects comprising a course of study in a school, college, or university.
Example
The school updated its curriculum to include more digital literacy courses.
La escuela actualizó su currículo para incluir más cursos de alfabetización digital.
B2 noun /kwɪˈziːn/

cuisine

cocina
Meaning
A style or method of cooking, especially characteristic of a particular country or region.
Example
Italian cuisine is famous all over the world.
La cocina italiana es famosa en todo el mundo.
B2 adjective /ˈkɒm.pɪ.tənt/

Competent

competente; capaz
Meaning
having the necessary skill or knowledge to do something successfully; capable
Example
She is a competent manager who handles all tasks efficiently.
Ella es una gerente competente que maneja todas las tareas de manera eficiente.
B2 noun /kraɪst/

christ

Cristo
Meaning
the title given to Jesus, considered the Messiah in Christianity
Example
Christ is central to Christian faith.
Cristo es central para la fe cristiana.
B2 noun/adjective /səˈvɪliən/

civilian

civil
Meaning
a person not in the armed forces or police
Example
The area was evacuated to protect the civilians.
El área fue evacuada para proteger a los civiles.
B2 adjective /kəmˈpɛlɪŋ/

compelling

impresionante
Meaning
Evoking interest, attention, or admiration in a powerful way.
Example
She gave a compelling speech about climate change.
Ella dio un discurso impresionante sobre el cambio climático.
B2 noun /ˈkætəlɔːɡ/

catalog

catálogo
Meaning
a complete list of items, typically arranged systematically
Example
The library provides an online catalog of all available books.
La biblioteca ofrece un catálogo en línea de todos los libros disponibles.
B2 adjective /ˈkrɛd.ɪ.bəl/

credible

creíble
Meaning
able to be believed; convincing
Example
Her explanation was credible enough to convince the committee.
Su explicación fue lo suficientemente creíble como para convencer al comité.
B2 noun /kɔːrd/

cord

cuerda
Meaning
a long, thin, flexible string or rope
Example
He tied the package with a strong cord.
Ató el paquete con una cuerda fuerte.
B2 verb/noun /ˈsɛnsər/

censor

censurar
Meaning
to suppress or remove parts of books, films, or information considered offensive or harmful; a person who does this
Example
The government tried to censor the controversial film.
El gobierno intentó censurar la película controvertida.
B2 noun /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

capability

capacidad
Meaning
The ability or capacity to do something.
Example
The telescope's capability is unparalleled.
La capacidad del telescopio es incomparable.
B2 noun /ˈkɑr.ɡoʊ ʃɪp/

Cargo ship

barco de carga
Meaning
a ship or vessel that carries goods and materials from one port to another
Example
The cargo ship transported containers filled with electronics across the ocean.
El barco de carga transportó contenedores llenos de electrónicos a través del océano.
B2 noun /ˈkænən/

Cannon

cañón
Meaning
large heavy gun that fires cannonballs or shells
Example
The castle was defended by several large cannons.
El castillo fue defendido por varios grandes cañones.
B2 adjective /ˈkɒnʃəs/

conscious

consciente
Meaning
Aware of and responding to one's surroundings; awake.
Example
She was fully conscious after the surgery.
Ella estaba completamente consciente después de la cirugía.
B2 noun /ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən/

coalition

coalición
Meaning
a temporary alliance of distinct parties, persons, or states for joint action
Example
Several parties formed a coalition to pass the new law.
Varios partidos formaron una coalición para aprobar la nueva ley.
B2 adjective /ˈsel.jə.lər/

Cellular

celular
Meaning
relating to cells; consisting of cells; relating to mobile phone technology
Example
Cellular technology has revolutionized communication.
La tecnología celular ha revolucionado la comunicación.
B2 noun /ˌsɜːrtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

certification

certificación
Meaning
the process of officially recognizing or confirming that something or someone meets required standards; an official document proving qualification
Example
She received her professional certification after completing the training program.
Recibió su certificación profesional después de completar el programa de formación.
B2 adjective kənˈsaɪs

concise

conciso
Meaning
Brief and clearly expressed without unnecessary details.
Example
A concise speech is more impactful than a long one.
Un discurso conciso es más impactante que uno largo.
B2 noun /ˈkaʊnsələr/

councillor

concejal
Meaning
an elected member of a local council who helps make decisions and represent the community
Example
The councillor spoke to residents about improving local roads.
El concejal habló con los vecinos sobre las carreteras.
B2 noun /ˈkæs.ər.oʊl bɑːks/

Casserole box

caja de cazuela
Meaning
a covered dish used for cooking and serving food, especially baked dishes
Example
The casserole box kept the food warm during the dinner party.
La caja de cazuela mantuvo la comida caliente durante la fiesta de cena.
B2 noun /ˈtʃæpəl/

chapel

capilla
Meaning
A small church or a room used for Christian worship, often within a larger building.
Example
The couple got married in a small countryside chapel.
La pareja se casó en una pequeña capilla en el campo.
B2 verb /kənˈfɜːr/

confer

consultar / otorgar
Meaning
to discuss something important or to grant or bestow something
Example
The committee will confer to decide on the new policy.
El comité se reunirá para decidir sobre la nueva política.
B2 adjective kəˈlɛktɪv

collective

colectivo
Meaning
Done by people acting as a group; shared by all members of a group.
Example
Victory Day represents our collective pride.
El Día de la Victoria representa nuestro orgullo colectivo.
B2 adverb /ˈkæʒ.u.ə.li/

Casually

casualmente; de manera relajada e informal
Meaning
in a relaxed and informal way; without much thought or preparation
Example
He casually mentioned that he was leaving.
Él mencionó casualmente que se iba.
B2 verb /ˈkærəktəraɪz/

characterize

caracterizar
Meaning
to describe or portray the distinctive features or qualities of someone or something
Example
The author characterizes the hero as brave and selfless.
El autor caracteriza al héroe como valiente y desinteresado.
B2 noun /ˈkaʊnsəlɪŋ/

counseling

asesoría
Meaning
professional guidance or therapy to help resolve personal or psychological problems
Example
She decided to go for counseling after feeling stressed for months.
Decidió ir a asesoría después de sentirse estresada durante meses.
B2 verb /ˈsɜːrkjəˌleɪt/

circulate

circular, mover
Meaning
to move continuously or freely through a closed system or area
Example
Air circulated freely in the open hall.
El aire circulaba libremente en el pasillo abierto.
B2 noun /kəmˈpoʊnənt/

component

componente
Meaning
a part or element of a larger whole, especially a machine or system
Example
The engine is the most important component of the car.
El motor es el componente más importante del coche.
B2 noun /ˈkɑn.trəˌvɜr.si/

Controversy

controversia; desacuerdo
Meaning
prolonged public disagreement or heated discussion; a dispute or argument involving opposing viewpoints
Example
The new policy sparked a major controversy among the citizens.
La nueva política generó una gran controversia entre los ciudadanos.
B2 adverb /ˈklɒkwaɪz/

Clockwise

en el sentido de las agujas del reloj
Meaning
in the direction that clock hands move; in a circular direction from left to right
Example
Turn the valve clockwise to tighten it.
Gire la válvula en el sentido de las agujas del reloj para apretarla.
B2 noun /kæf/

Calf

ternero
Meaning
a young cow or bull; young of various large mammals
Example
The calf stayed close to its mother.
El ternero se quedó cerca de su madre.